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Créer une règle d’alerte de métrique classique avec un modèle Resource Manager

Avertissement

Cet article décrit comment créer des règles d’alerte de métrique classique plus anciennes. Azure Monitor prend désormais en charge de nouvelles alertes de métrique quasi en temps réel et une nouvelle expérience d’alertes. Les alertes classique sont hors service pour les utilisateurs du cloud public. Les alertes classiques pour le cloud Azure Government et Microsoft Azure géré par 21Vianet vont être mises hors service le 29 février 2024.

Cet article explique comment utiliser un modèle Azure Resource Managerpour configurer des règles d’alerte de métrique Classique Azure. Cela vous permet de configurer automatiquement des règles d’alerte sur vos ressources au moment de la création pour qu’elles soient toutes monitorées correctement.

Les étapes de base sont les suivantes :

  1. Créez un modèle sous forme de fichier JSON qui décrit comment créer la règle d’alerte.
  2. Déployez le modèle à l’aide de n’importe quelle méthode de déploiement.

Ci-dessous, nous décrivons comment créer un modèle Resource Manager, d’abord pour une règle d’alerte uniquement, puis pour une règle d’alerte pendant la création d’une autre ressource.

Modèle Resource Manager pour une règle d’alerte de métrique classique

Pour créer une règle d’alerte à partir d’un modèle Resource Manager, vous créez une ressource de type Microsoft.Insights/alertRules et renseignez toutes les propriétés associées. Voici un modèle qui crée une règle d’alerte.

{
    "$schema": "https://schema.management.azure.com/schemas/2015-01-01/deploymentTemplate.json#",
    "contentVersion": "1.0.0.0",
    "parameters": {
        "alertName": {
            "type": "string",
            "metadata": {
                "description": "Name of alert"
            }
        },
        "alertDescription": {
            "type": "string",
            "defaultValue": "",
            "metadata": {
                "description": "Description of alert"
            }
        },
        "isEnabled": {
            "type": "bool",
            "defaultValue": true,
            "metadata": {
                "description": "Specifies whether alerts are enabled"
            }
        },
        "resourceId": {
            "type": "string",
            "defaultValue": "",
            "metadata": {
                "description": "Resource ID of the resource emitting the metric that will be used for the comparison."
            }
        },
        "metricName": {
            "type": "string",
            "defaultValue": "",
            "metadata": {
                "description": "Name of the metric used in the comparison to activate the alert."
            }
        },
        "operator": {
            "type": "string",
            "defaultValue": "GreaterThan",
            "allowedValues": [
                "GreaterThan",
                "GreaterThanOrEqual",
                "LessThan",
                "LessThanOrEqual"
            ],
            "metadata": {
                "description": "Operator comparing the current value with the threshold value."
            }
        },
        "threshold": {
            "type": "string",
            "defaultValue": "",
            "metadata": {
                "description": "The threshold value at which the alert is activated."
            }
        },
        "aggregation": {
            "type": "string",
            "defaultValue": "Average",
            "allowedValues": [
                "Average",
                "Last",
                "Maximum",
                "Minimum",
                "Total"
            ],
            "metadata": {
                "description": "How the data that is collected should be combined over time."
            }
        },
        "windowSize": {
            "type": "string",
            "defaultValue": "PT5M",
            "metadata": {
                "description": "Period of time used to monitor alert activity based on the threshold. Must be between five minutes and one day. ISO 8601 duration format."
            }
        },
        "sendToServiceOwners": {
            "type": "bool",
            "defaultValue": true,
            "metadata": {
                "description": "Specifies whether alerts are sent to service owners"
            }
        },
        "customEmailAddresses": {
            "type": "string",
            "defaultValue": "",
            "metadata": {
                "description": "Comma-delimited email addresses where the alerts are also sent"
            }
        },
        "webhookUrl": {
            "type": "string",
            "defaultValue": "",
            "metadata": {
                "description": "URL of a webhook that will receive an HTTP POST when the alert activates."
            }
        }
    },
    "variables": {
        "customEmails": "[split(parameters('customEmailAddresses'), ',')]"
    },
    "resources": [
        {
            "type": "Microsoft.Insights/alertRules",
            "name": "[parameters('alertName')]",
            "location": "[resourceGroup().location]",
            "apiVersion": "2016-03-01",
            "properties": {
                "name": "[parameters('alertName')]",
                "description": "[parameters('alertDescription')]",
                "isEnabled": "[parameters('isEnabled')]",
                "condition": {
                    "odata.type": "Microsoft.Azure.Management.Insights.Models.ThresholdRuleCondition",
                    "dataSource": {
                        "odata.type": "Microsoft.Azure.Management.Insights.Models.RuleMetricDataSource",
                        "resourceUri": "[parameters('resourceId')]",
                        "metricName": "[parameters('metricName')]"
                    },
                    "operator": "[parameters('operator')]",
                    "threshold": "[parameters('threshold')]",
                    "windowSize": "[parameters('windowSize')]",
                    "timeAggregation": "[parameters('aggregation')]"
                },
                "actions": [
                    {
                        "odata.type": "Microsoft.Azure.Management.Insights.Models.RuleEmailAction",
                        "sendToServiceOwners": "[parameters('sendToServiceOwners')]",
                        "customEmails": "[variables('customEmails')]"
                    },
                    {
                        "odata.type": "Microsoft.Azure.Management.Insights.Models.RuleWebhookAction",
                        "serviceUri": "[parameters('webhookUrl')]",
                        "properties": {}
                    }
                ]
            }
        }
    ]
}

Une explication du schéma et des propriétés pour une règle d’alerte est disponible ici.

Modèle Resource Manager pour une ressource avec une règle d’alerte de métrique classique

Une règle d’alerte sur un modèle Resource Manager est le plus souvent utile quand vous créez une règle d’alerte en même temps qu’une ressource. Par exemple, vous pourriez souhaiter vous assurer qu’une règle « UC > 80 % » est définie chaque fois que vous déployez une machine virtuelle. Pour ce faire, vous ajoutez la règle d’alerte en tant que ressource dans le tableau des ressources pour votre modèle de machine virtuelle et ajoutez une dépendance à l’aide de la propriété dependsOn de l’ID de ressource de machine virtuelle. Voici un exemple complet qui crée une machine virtuelle Windows et ajoute une règle d’alerte avertissant les administrateurs d’abonnement quand l’utilisation du processeur dépasse 80 %.

{
    "$schema": "https://schema.management.azure.com/schemas/2014-04-01-preview/deploymentTemplate.json#",
    "contentVersion": "1.0.0.0",
    "parameters": {
        "newStorageAccountName": {
            "type": "string",
            "metadata": {
                "Description": "The name of the storage account where the VM disk is stored."
            }
        },
        "adminUsername": {
            "type": "string",
            "metadata": {
                "Description": "The name of the administrator account on the VM."
            }
        },
        "adminPassword": {
            "type": "securestring",
            "metadata": {
                "Description": "The administrator account password on the VM."
            }
        },
        "dnsNameForPublicIP": {
            "type": "string",
            "metadata": {
                "Description": "The name of the public IP address used to access the VM."
            }
        }
    },
    "variables": {
        "location": "Central US",
        "imagePublisher": "MicrosoftWindowsServer",
        "imageOffer": "WindowsServer",
        "windowsOSVersion": "2012-R2-Datacenter",
        "OSDiskName": "osdisk1",
        "nicName": "nc1",
        "addressPrefix": "10.0.0.0/16",
        "subnetName": "sn1",
        "subnetPrefix": "10.0.0.0/24",
        "storageAccountType": "Standard_LRS",
        "publicIPAddressName": "ip1",
        "publicIPAddressType": "Dynamic",
        "vmStorageAccountContainerName": "vhds",
        "vmName": "vm1",
        "vmSize": "Standard_A0",
        "virtualNetworkName": "vn1",
        "vnetID": "[resourceId('Microsoft.Network/virtualNetworks',variables('virtualNetworkName'))]",
        "subnetRef": "[concat(variables('vnetID'),'/subnets/',variables('subnetName'))]",
        "vmID":"[resourceId('Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines',variables('vmName'))]",
        "alertName": "highCPUOnVM",
        "alertDescription":"CPU is over 80%",
        "alertIsEnabled": true,
        "resourceId": "",
        "metricName": "Percentage CPU",
        "operator": "GreaterThan",
        "threshold": "80",
        "windowSize": "PT5M",
        "aggregation": "Average",
        "customEmails": "",
        "sendToServiceOwners": true,
        "webhookUrl": "http://testwebhook.test"
    },
    "resources": [
        {
            "type": "Microsoft.Storage/storageAccounts",
            "name": "[parameters('newStorageAccountName')]",
            "apiVersion": "2015-06-15",
            "location": "[variables('location')]",
            "properties": {
                "accountType": "[variables('storageAccountType')]"
            }
        },
        {
            "apiVersion": "2016-03-30",
            "type": "Microsoft.Network/publicIPAddresses",
            "name": "[variables('publicIPAddressName')]",
            "location": "[variables('location')]",
            "properties": {
                "publicIPAllocationMethod": "[variables('publicIPAddressType')]",
                "dnsSettings": {
                    "domainNameLabel": "[parameters('dnsNameForPublicIP')]"
                }
            }
        },
        {
            "apiVersion": "2016-03-30",
            "type": "Microsoft.Network/virtualNetworks",
            "name": "[variables('virtualNetworkName')]",
            "location": "[variables('location')]",
            "properties": {
                "addressSpace": {
                    "addressPrefixes": [
                        "[variables('addressPrefix')]"
                    ]
                },
                "subnets": [
                    {
                        "name": "[variables('subnetName')]",
                        "properties": {
                            "addressPrefix": "[variables('subnetPrefix')]"
                        }
                    }
                ]
            }
        },
        {
            "apiVersion": "2016-03-30",
            "type": "Microsoft.Network/networkInterfaces",
            "name": "[variables('nicName')]",
            "location": "[variables('location')]",
            "dependsOn": [
                "[concat('Microsoft.Network/publicIPAddresses/', variables('publicIPAddressName'))]",
                "[concat('Microsoft.Network/virtualNetworks/', variables('virtualNetworkName'))]"
            ],
            "properties": {
                "ipConfigurations": [
                    {
                        "name": "ipconfig1",
                        "properties": {
                            "privateIPAllocationMethod": "Dynamic",
                            "publicIPAddress": {
                                "id": "[resourceId('Microsoft.Network/publicIPAddresses',variables('publicIPAddressName'))]"
                            },
                            "subnet": {
                                "id": "[variables('subnetRef')]"
                            }
                        }
                    }
                ]
            }
        },
        {
            "apiVersion": "2016-03-30",
            "type": "Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines",
            "name": "[variables('vmName')]",
            "location": "[variables('location')]",
            "dependsOn": [
                "[concat('Microsoft.Storage/storageAccounts/', parameters('newStorageAccountName'))]",
                "[concat('Microsoft.Network/networkInterfaces/', variables('nicName'))]"
            ],
            "properties": {
                "hardwareProfile": {
                    "vmSize": "[variables('vmSize')]"
                },
                "osProfile": {
                    "computername": "[variables('vmName')]",
                    "adminUsername": "[parameters('adminUsername')]",
                    "adminPassword": "[parameters('adminPassword')]"
                },
                "storageProfile": {
                    "imageReference": {
                        "publisher": "[variables('imagePublisher')]",
                        "offer": "[variables('imageOffer')]",
                        "sku": "[variables('windowsOSVersion')]",
                        "version": "latest"
                    },
                    "osDisk": {
                        "name": "osdisk",
                        "vhd": {
                            "uri": "[concat('http://',parameters('newStorageAccountName'),'.blob.core.windows.net/',variables('vmStorageAccountContainerName'),'/',variables('OSDiskName'),'.vhd')]"
                        },
                        "caching": "ReadWrite",
                        "createOption": "FromImage"
                    }
                },
                "networkProfile": {
                    "networkInterfaces": [
                        {
                            "id": "[resourceId('Microsoft.Network/networkInterfaces',variables('nicName'))]"
                        }
                    ]
                }
            }
        },
        {
            "type": "Microsoft.Insights/alertRules",
            "name": "[variables('alertName')]",
            "dependsOn": [
                "[variables('vmID')]"
            ],
            "location": "[variables('location')]",
            "apiVersion": "2016-03-01",
            "properties": {
                "name": "[variables('alertName')]",
                "description": "variables('alertDescription')",
                "isEnabled": "[variables('alertIsEnabled')]",
                "condition": {
                    "odata.type": "Microsoft.Azure.Management.Insights.Models.ThresholdRuleCondition",
                    "dataSource": {
                        "odata.type": "Microsoft.Azure.Management.Insights.Models.RuleMetricDataSource",
                        "resourceUri": "[variables('vmID')]",
                        "metricName": "[variables('metricName')]"
                    },
                    "operator": "[variables('operator')]",
                    "threshold": "[variables('threshold')]",
                    "windowSize": "[variables('windowSize')]",
                    "timeAggregation": "[variables('aggregation')]"
                },
                "actions": [
                    {
                        "odata.type": "Microsoft.Azure.Management.Insights.Models.RuleEmailAction",
                        "sendToServiceOwners": "[variables('sendToServiceOwners')]",
                        "customEmails": "[variables('customEmails')]"
                    },
                    {
                        "odata.type": "Microsoft.Azure.Management.Insights.Models.RuleWebhookAction",
                        "serviceUri": "[variables('webhookUrl')]",
                        "properties": {}
                    }
                ]
            }
        }
    ]
}

Étapes suivantes