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Sizes for Cloud Services (classic)

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Important

Cloud Services (classic) is now deprecated for all customers as of September 1st, 2024. Any existing running deployments will be stopped and shut down by Microsoft and the data will be permanantly lost starting October 2024. New deployments should use the new Azure Resource Manager based deployment model Azure Cloud Services (extended support).

This article describes the available sizes and options for Cloud Service role instances (web roles and worker roles). It also provides deployment considerations to be aware of when planning to use these resources. Each size has an ID that you put in your service definition file. Prices for each size are available on the Cloud Services Pricing page.

Note

To see related Azure limits, visit Azure Subscription and Service Limits, Quotas, and Constraints

Sizes for web and worker role instances

There are multiple standard sizes to choose from on Azure. Considerations for some of these sizes include:

  • D-series VMs are designed to run applications that demand higher compute power and temporary disk performance. D-series VMs provide faster processors, a higher memory-to-core ratio, and a solid-state drive (SSD) for the temporary disk. For details, see the announcement on the Azure blog, New D-Series Virtual Machine Sizes.
  • Dv3-series, Dv2-series, a follow-on to the original D-series, features a more powerful CPU. The Dv2-series CPU is about 35% faster than the D-series CPU. It bases itself on the latest generation 2.4 GHz Intel Xeon® E5-2673 v3 (Haswell) processor, and with the Intel Turbo Boost Technology 2.0, can go up to 3.1 GHz. The Dv2-series has the same memory and disk configurations as the D-series.
  • G-series VMs offer the most memory and run on hosts that have Intel Xeon E5 V3 family processors.
  • The A-series VMs can be deployed on various hardware types and processors. The size is throttled based on the hardware to offer consistent processor performance for the running instance, regardless of the deployment scenario hardware. To determine the physical hardware on which this size is deployed, query the virtual hardware from within the Virtual Machine.
  • The A0 size is over-subscribed on the physical hardware. For this specific size only, other customer deployments may affect the performance of your running workload. We outline the expected baseline of relative performance, subject to an approximate variability of 15 percent, later in the article.

The size of the virtual machine affects the pricing. The size also affects the processing, memory, and storage capacity of the virtual machine. Storage costs are calculated separately based on used pages in the storage account. For details, see Cloud Services Pricing Details and Azure Storage Pricing.

The following considerations might help you decide on a size:

  • The A8-A11 and H-series sizes are also known as compute-intensive instances. The hardware that runs these sizes is designed and optimized for compute-intensive and network-intensive applications, including high-performance computing (HPC) cluster applications, modeling, and simulations. The A8-A11 series uses Intel Xeon E5-2670 @ 2.6 GHz and the H-series uses Intel Xeon E5-2667 v3 @ 3.2 GHz. For detailed information and considerations about using these sizes, see High performance compute virtual machine (VM) sizes.
  • Dv3-series, Dv2-series, D-series, G-series, are ideal for applications that demand faster CPUs, better local disk performance, or have higher memory demands. They offer a powerful combination for many enterprise-grade applications.
  • Some of the physical hosts in Azure data centers may not support larger virtual machine sizes, such as A5 – A11. As a result, you may see the error message Failed to configure virtual machine {machine name} or Failed to create virtual machine {machine name} when resizing an existing virtual machine to a new size; creating a new virtual machine in a virtual network created before April 16, 2013; or adding a new virtual machine to an existing cloud service. See Error: “Failed to configure virtual machine” on the support forum for workarounds for each deployment scenario.
  • Your subscription might also limit the number of cores you can deploy in certain size families. To increase a quota, contact Azure Support.

Performance considerations

We created the concept of the Azure Compute Unit (ACU) to provide a way of comparing compute (CPU) performance across Azure SKUs and to identify which SKU is most likely to satisfy your performance needs. ACU is currently standardized on a Small (Standard_A1) VM being 100. Following that sandard, all other SKUs represent approximately how much faster that SKU can run a standard benchmark.

Important

The ACU is only a guideline. The results for your workload may vary.


SKU Family ACU/Core
ExtraSmall 50
Small-ExtraLarge 100
A5-7 100
A8-A11 225*
A v2 100
D 160
D v2 210 - 250*
D v3 160 - 190*
E v3 160 - 190*
G 180 - 240*
H 290 - 300*

ACUs marked with a * use Intel® Turbo technology to increase CPU frequency and provide a performance boost. The amount of the boost can vary based on the VM size, workload, and other workloads running on the same host.

Size tables

The following tables show the sizes and the capacities they provide.

  • Storage capacity is shown in units of GiB or 1024^3 bytes. When comparing disks measured in GB (1000^3 bytes) to disks measured in GiB (1024^3), remember that capacity numbers given in GiB may appear smaller. For example, 1023 GiB = 1098.4 GB
  • Disk throughput is measured in input/output operations per second (IOPS) and MBps where MBps = 10^6 bytes/sec.
  • Data disks can operate in cached or uncached modes. For cached data disk operation, the host cache mode is set to ReadOnly or ReadWrite. For uncached data disk operation, the host cache mode is set to None.
  • Maximum network bandwidth is the maximum aggregated bandwidth allocated and assigned per VM type. The maximum bandwidth provides guidance for selecting the right VM type to ensure adequate network capacity is available. When moving between Low, Moderate, High and Very High, the throughput increases accordingly. Actual network performance depends on many factors including network and application loads, and application network settings.

A-series

Size CPU cores Memory: GiB Temporary Storage: GiB Max NICs / Network bandwidth
ExtraSmall 1 0.768 20 1 / low
Small 1 1.75 225 1 / moderate
Medium 2 3.5 490 1 / moderate
Large 4 7 1000 2 / high
ExtraLarge 8 14 2040 4 / high
A5 2 14 490 1 / moderate
A6 4 28 1000 2 / high
A7 8 56 2040 4 / high

A-series - compute-intensive instances

For information and considerations about using these sizes, see High performance compute VM sizes.

Size CPU cores Memory: GiB Temporary Storage: GiB Max NICs / Network bandwidth
A8* 8 56 1817 2 / high
A9* 16 112 1817 4 / very high
A10 8 56 1817 2 / high
A11 16 112 1817 4 / very high

*RDMA capable

Av2-series

Size CPU cores Memory: GiB Temporary Storage (SSD): GiB Max NICs / Network bandwidth
Standard_A1_v2 1 2 10 1 / moderate
Standard_A2_v2 2 4 20 2 / moderate
Standard_A4_v2 4 8 40 4 / high
Standard_A8_v2 8 16 80 8 / high
Standard_A2m_v2 2 16 20 2 / moderate
Standard_A4m_v2 4 32 40 4 / high
Standard_A8m_v2 8 64 80 8 / high

D-series

Size CPU cores Memory: GiB Temporary Storage (SSD): GiB Max NICs / Network bandwidth
Standard_D1 1 3.5 50 1 / moderate
Standard_D2 2 7 100 2 / high
Standard_D3 4 14 200 4 / high
Standard_D4 8 28 400 8 / high
Standard_D11 2 14 100 2 / high
Standard_D12 4 28 200 4 / high
Standard_D13 8 56 400 8 / high
Standard_D14 16 112 800 8 / very high

Dv2-series

Size CPU cores Memory: GiB Temporary Storage (SSD): GiB Max NICs / Network bandwidth
Standard_D1_v2 1 3.5 50 1 / moderate
Standard_D2_v2 2 7 100 2 / high
Standard_D3_v2 4 14 200 4 / high
Standard_D4_v2 8 28 400 8 / high
Standard_D5_v2 16 56 800 8 / extremely high
Standard_D11_v2 2 14 100 2 / high
Standard_D12_v2 4 28 200 4 / high
Standard_D13_v2 8 56 400 8 / high
Standard_D14_v2 16 112 800 8 / extremely high
Standard_D15_v2 20 140 1,000 8 / extremely high

Dv3-series

Size CPU cores Memory: GiB Temporary Storage (SSD): GiB Max NICs / Network bandwidth
Standard_D2_v3 2 8 50 2 / moderate
Standard_D4_v3 4 16 100 2 / high
Standard_D8_v3 8 32 200 4 / high
Standard_D16_v3 16 64 400 8 / extremely high
Standard_D32_v3 32 128 800 8 / extremely high
Standard_D48_v3 48 192 1200 8 / extremely high
Standard_D64_v3 64 256 1600 8 / extremely high

Ev3-series

Size CPU cores Memory: GiB Temporary Storage (SSD): GiB Max NICs / Network bandwidth
Standard_E2_v3 2 16 50 2 / moderate
Standard_E4_v3 4 32 100 2 / high
Standard_E8_v3 8 64 200 4 / high
Standard_E16_v3 16 128 400 8 / extremely high
Standard_E32_v3 32 256 800 8 / extremely high
Standard_E48_v3 48 384 1200 8 / extremely high
Standard_E64_v3 64 432 1600 8 / extremely high

G-series

Size CPU cores Memory: GiB Temporary Storage (SSD): GiB Max NICs / Network bandwidth
Standard_G1 2 28 384 1 / high
Standard_G2 4 56 768 2 / high
Standard_G3 8 112 1,536 4 / very high
Standard_G4 16 224 3,072 8 / extremely high
Standard_G5 32 448 6,144 8 / extremely high

H-series

Azure H-series virtual machines are the next generation high performance computing VMs aimed at high end computational needs, like molecular modeling, and computational fluid dynamics. These 8 and 16 core VMs are built on the Intel Haswell E5-2667 V3 processor technology featuring DDR4 memory and local SSD-based storage.

In addition to the substantial CPU power, the H-series offers diverse options for low latency RDMA networking using FDR InfiniBand and several memory configurations to support memory intensive computational requirements.

Size CPU cores Memory: GiB Temporary Storage (SSD): GiB Max NICs / Network bandwidth
Standard_H8 8 56 1000 8 / high
Standard_H16 16 112 2000 8 / very high
Standard_H8m 8 112 1000 8 / high
Standard_H16m 16 224 2000 8 / very high
Standard_H16r* 16 112 2000 8 / very high
Standard_H16mr* 16 224 2000 8 / very high

*RDMA capable

Important

Microsoft Azure has introduced newer generations of high-performance computing (HPC), general purpose, and memory-optimized virtual machines (VMs). For this reason, we recommend that you migrate workloads from the original H-series and H-series Promo VMs to our newer offerings by August 31, 2022. Azure HC, HBv2, HBv3, Dv4, Dav4, Ev4, and Eav4 VMs have greater memory bandwidth, improved networking capabilities, and better cost and performance across various HPC workloads.

On August 31, 2022, we're retiring the following H-series Azure VM sizes:

  • H8
  • H8m
  • H16
  • H16r
  • H16m
  • H16mr
  • H8 Promo
  • H8m Promo
  • H16 Promo
  • H16r Promo
  • H16m Promo
  • H16mr Promo

Configure sizes for Cloud Services

You can specify the Virtual Machine size of a role instance as part of the service model described by the service definition file. The size of the role determines the number of CPU cores, the memory capacity, and the local file system size that is allocated to a running instance. Choose the role size based on your application's resource requirement.

Here's an example for setting the role size to be Standard_D2 for a Web Role instance:

<WorkerRole name="Worker1" vmsize="Standard_D2">
...
</WorkerRole>

Changing the size of an existing role

As the nature of your workload changes or new VM sizes become available, you may want to change the size of your role. To do so, you must change the VM size in your service definition file (as previously shown), repackage your Cloud Service, and deploy it.

Tip

You may want to use different VM sizes for your role in different environments (eg. test vs production). One way to do this is to create multiple service definition (.csdef) files in your project, then create different cloud service packages per environment during your automated build using the CSPack tool. To learn more about the elements of a cloud services package and how to create them, see What is the cloud services model and how do I package it?

Get a list of sizes

You can use PowerShell or the REST API to get a list of sizes. The REST API is documented here. The following code is a PowerShell command that lists all the sizes available for Cloud Services.

Get-AzureRoleSize | where SupportedByWebWorkerRoles -eq $true | select InstanceSize, RoleSizeLabel

Next steps