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Configure Apache Hive policies in HDInsight with Enterprise Security Package

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In this article, you learn how to configure Apache Ranger policies for Apache Hive. You create two Ranger policies to restrict access to the hivesampletable. The hivesampletable comes with HDInsight clusters. After you configure the policies, you use Excel and Open Database Connectivity (ODBC) driver to connect to Hive tables in HDInsight.

Prerequisites

  • An HDInsight cluster with Enterprise Security Package (ESP). For more information, see Configure HDInsight clusters with ESP.
  • A workstation with Microsoft 365 apps for enterprise, Office 2016, Office 2013 Professional Plus, Excel 2013 Standalone, or Office 2010 Professional Plus.

Connect to the Apache Ranger Admin UI

To connect to the Ranger Admin user interface (UI):

  1. From a browser, go to the Ranger Admin UI at https://CLUSTERNAME.azurehdinsight.net/Ranger/ where CLUSTERNAME is the name of your cluster.

    Note

    Ranger uses different credentials than Apache Hadoop cluster. To prevent browsers by using cached Hadoop credentials, use a new InPrivate browser window to connect to the Ranger Admin UI.

  2. Sign in by using the cluster administrator domain username and password:

    Screenshot that shows the HDInsight ESP Ranger home page.

    Currently, Ranger only works with Yarn and Hive.

Create domain users

For information on how to create hiveruser1 and hiveuser2, see Create an HDInsight cluster with ESP. You use the two user accounts in this article.

Create Ranger policies

In this section, you create two Ranger policies for accessing hivesampletable. You give select permission on different sets of columns. Both users were created by using Create a HDInsight cluster with ESP. In the next section, you test the two policies in Excel.

To create Ranger policies:

  1. Open the Ranger Admin UI. See the preceding section, Connect to Apache Ranger Admin UI.

  2. Under Hive, select CLUSTERNAME_Hive. You see two preconfigured policies.

  3. Select Add New Policy and then enter the following values:

    Property Value
    Policy Name read-hivesampletable-all
    Hive Database default
    table hivesampletable
    Hive Column *
    Select User hiveuser1
    Permissions select

    Screenshot that shows the HDInsight ESP Ranger Hive policies to configure. .

    Note

    If a domain user isn't populated in Select User, wait a few moments for Ranger to sync with Microsoft Entra ID.

  4. Select Add to save the policy.

  5. Repeat the last two steps to create another policy with the following properties:

    Property Value
    Policy Name read-hivesampletable-devicemake
    Hive Database default
    table hivesampletable
    Hive column clientid, devicemake
    Select User hiveuser2
    Permissions select

Create a Hive ODBC data source

For instructions on how to create a Hive ODBC data source, see Create a Hive ODBC data source.

Property Description
Data Source Name Give a name to your data source.
Host Enter CLUSTERNAME.azurehdinsight.net. For example, use myHDICluster.azurehdinsight.net.
Port Use 443. (This port changed from 563 to 443.)
Database Use Default.
Hive Server Type Select Hive Server 2.
Mechanism Select Azure HDInsight Service.
HTTP Path Leave it blank.
User Name Enter hiveuser1@contoso158.onmicrosoft.com. Update the domain name if it's different.
Password Enter the password for hiveuser1.

Select Test before you save the data source.

Import data into Excel from HDInsight

In the last section, you configured two policies: hiveuser1 has the select permission on all the columns, and hiveuser2 has the select permission on two columns. In this section, you impersonate the two users to import data into Excel.

  1. Open a new or existing workbook in Excel.

  2. On the Data tab, go to Get Data > From Other Sources > From ODBC to open the From ODBC window.

    Screenshot that shows the Open data connection wizard.

  3. From the dropdown list, select the data source name that you created in the last section and then select OK.

  4. For the first use, an ODBC driver dialog opens. Select Windows from the left menu. Then select Connect to open the Navigator window.

  5. Wait for the Select Database and Table dialog to open. This step can take a few seconds.

  6. Select hivesampletable > Next.

  7. Select Finish.

  8. In the Import Data dialog, you can change or specify the query. To do so, select Properties. This step can take a few seconds.

  9. Select the Definition tab. The command text is:

    SELECT * FROM "HIVE"."default"."hivesampletable"`

    By the Ranger policies you defined, hiveuser1 has select permission on all the columns. This query works with the credentials for hiveuser1, but this query doesn't work with the credentials for hiveuser2.

  10. Select OK to close the Connection Properties dialog.

  11. Select OK to close the Import Data dialog.

  12. Reenter the password for hiveuser1 and then select OK. It takes a few seconds before the data gets imported to Excel. When it's finished, you see 11 columns of data.

To test the second policy (read-hivesampletable-devicemake) that you created in the last section:

  1. Add a new sheet in Excel.

  2. Follow the last procedure to import the data. The only change you make is to use the credentials for hiveuser2 instead of hiveuser1. This action fails because hiveuser2 has permission to see only two columns. You see the following error:

    [Microsoft][HiveODBC] (35) Error from Hive: error code: '40000' error message: 'Error while compiling statement: FAILED: HiveAccessControlException Permission denied: user [hiveuser2] does not have [SELECT] privilege on [default/hivesampletable/clientid,country ...]'.

  3. Follow the same procedure to import data. This time, use the credentials for hiveuser2 and also modify the select statement from:

    SELECT * FROM "HIVE"."default"."hivesampletable"

    To:

    SELECT clientid, devicemake FROM "HIVE"."default"."hivesampletable"

    When it's finished, you see two columns of imported data.

Next steps