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Rich text block

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Rich text blocks provide several features for advanced text layout that you can use when you need support for paragraphs, inline UI elements, or complex text layouts.

Is this the right control?

Use a RichTextBlock when you need support for multiple paragraphs, multi-column or other complex text layouts, or inline UI elements like images.

Use a TextBlock to display most read-only text in your app. You can use it to display single-line or multi-line text, inline hyperlinks, and text with formatting like bold, italic, or underlined. TextBlock provides a simpler content model, so it's typically easier to use, and it can provide better text rendering performance than RichTextBlock. It's preferred for most app UI text. Although you can put line breaks in the text, TextBlock is designed to display a single paragraph and doesn't support text indentation.

For more info about choosing the right text control, see the Text controls article.

Recommendations

See Typography and Guidelines for fonts.

UWP and WinUI 2

Important

The information and examples in this article are optimized for apps that use the Windows App SDK and WinUI 3, but are generally applicable to UWP apps that use WinUI 2. See the UWP API reference for platform specific information and examples.

This section contains information you need to use the control in a UWP or WinUI 2 app.

APIs for this control exist in the Windows.UI.Xaml.Controls namespace.

We recommend using the latest WinUI 2 to get the most current styles and templates for all controls. WinUI 2.2 or later includes a new template for this control that uses rounded corners. For more info, see Corner radius.

Create a rich text block

Open the WinUI 3 Gallery app and see the RichTextBlock in action.

The WinUI 3 Gallery app includes interactive examples of most WinUI 3 controls, features, and functionality. Get the app from the Microsoft Store or get the source code on GitHub

The content property of RichTextBlock is the Blocks property, which supports paragraph based text via the Paragraph element. It doesn't have a Text property that you can use to easily access the control's text content in your app. However, RichTextBlock provides several unique features that TextBlock doesn't provide.

RichTextBlock supports:

  • Multiple paragraphs. Set the indentation for paragraphs by setting the TextIndent property.
  • Inline UI elements. Use an InlineUIContainer to display UI elements, such as images, inline with your text.
  • Overflow containers. Use RichTextBlockOverflow elements to create multi-column text layouts.

Paragraphs

You use Paragraph elements to define the blocks of text to display within a RichTextBlock control. Every RichTextBlock should include at least one Paragraph.

You can set the indent amount for all paragraphs in a RichTextBlock by setting the RichTextBlock.TextIndent property. You can override this setting for specific paragraphs in a RichTextBlock by setting the Paragraph.TextIndent property to a different value.

<RichTextBlock TextIndent="12">
  <Paragraph TextIndent="24">First paragraph.</Paragraph>
  <Paragraph>Second paragraph.</Paragraph>
  <Paragraph>Third paragraph. <Bold>With an inline.</Bold></Paragraph>
</RichTextBlock>

Inline UI elements

The InlineUIContainer class lets you embed any UIElement inline with your text. A common scenario is to place an Image inline with your text, but you can also use interactive elements, like a Button or CheckBox.

If you want to embed more than one element inline in the same position, consider using a panel as the single InlineUIContainer child, and then place the multiple elements within that panel.

This example shows how to use an InlineUIContainer to insert an image into a RichTextBlock.

<RichTextBlock>
    <Paragraph>
        <Italic>This is an inline image.</Italic>
        <InlineUIContainer>
            <Image Source="Assets/Square44x44Logo.png" Height="30" Width="30"/>
        </InlineUIContainer>
        Mauris auctor tincidunt auctor.
    </Paragraph>
</RichTextBlock>

Overflow containers

You can use a RichTextBlock with RichTextBlockOverflow elements to create multi-column or other advanced page layouts. The content for a RichTextBlockOverflow element always comes from a RichTextBlock element. You link RichTextBlockOverflow elements by setting them as the OverflowContentTarget of a RichTextBlock or another RichTextBlockOverflow.

Here's a simple example that creates a two column layout. See the Examples section for a more complex example.

<Grid>
    <Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
        <ColumnDefinition/>
        <ColumnDefinition/>
    </Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
    <RichTextBlock Grid.Column="0" 
                   OverflowContentTarget="{Binding ElementName=overflowContainer}" >
        <Paragraph>
            Proin ac metus at quam luctus ultricies.
        </Paragraph>
    </RichTextBlock>
    <RichTextBlockOverflow x:Name="overflowContainer" Grid.Column="1"/>
</Grid>

Formatting text

Although the RichTextBlock stores plain text, you can apply various formatting options to customize how the text is rendered in your app. You can set standard control properties like FontFamily, FontSize, FontStyle, Foreground, and CharacterSpacing to change the look of the text. You can also use inline text elements and Typography attached properties to format your text. These options affect only how the RichTextBlock displays the text locally, so if you copy and paste the text into a rich text control, for example, no formatting is applied.

Inline elements

The Microsoft.UI.Xaml.Documents namespace provides a variety of inline text elements that you can use to format your text, such as Bold, Italic, Run, Span, and LineBreak. A typical way to apply formatting to sections of text is to place the text in a Run or Span element, and then set properties on that element.

Here's a Paragraph with the first phrase shown in bold, blue, 16pt text.

<Paragraph>
    <Bold><Span Foreground="DarkSlateBlue" FontSize="16">Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet</Span></Bold>
    , consectetur adipiscing elit.
</Paragraph>

Typography

The attached properties of the Typography class provide access to a set of Microsoft OpenType typography properties. You can set these attached properties either on the RichTextBlock, or on individual inline text elements, as shown here.

<RichTextBlock Typography.StylisticSet4="True">
    <Paragraph>
        <Span Typography.Capitals="SmallCaps">Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet</Span>
        , consectetur adipiscing elit.
    </Paragraph>
</RichTextBlock>

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