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OpCodes Class

Definition

Provides field representations of the Microsoft Intermediate Language (MSIL) instructions for emission by the ILGenerator class members (such as Emit(OpCode)).

public ref class OpCodes
public class OpCodes
[System.Runtime.InteropServices.ComVisible(true)]
public class OpCodes
type OpCodes = class
[<System.Runtime.InteropServices.ComVisible(true)>]
type OpCodes = class
Public Class OpCodes
Inheritance
OpCodes
Attributes

Examples

The following example demonstrates the construction of a dynamic method using ILGenerator to emit OpCodes into a MethodBuilder.

using namespace System;
using namespace System::Threading;
using namespace System::Reflection;
using namespace System::Reflection::Emit;
Type^ CreateDynamicType()
{
   array<Type^>^ctorParams = {int::typeid,int::typeid};
   AppDomain^ myDomain = Thread::GetDomain();
   AssemblyName^ myAsmName = gcnew AssemblyName;
   myAsmName->Name = "MyDynamicAssembly";
   AssemblyBuilder^ myAsmBuilder = myDomain->DefineDynamicAssembly( myAsmName, AssemblyBuilderAccess::Run );
   ModuleBuilder^ pointModule = myAsmBuilder->DefineDynamicModule( "PointModule", "Point.dll" );
   TypeBuilder^ pointTypeBld = pointModule->DefineType( "Point", TypeAttributes::Public );
   FieldBuilder^ xField = pointTypeBld->DefineField( "x", int::typeid, FieldAttributes::Public );
   FieldBuilder^ yField = pointTypeBld->DefineField( "y", int::typeid, FieldAttributes::Public );
   Type^ objType = Type::GetType( "System.Object" );
   ConstructorInfo^ objCtor = objType->GetConstructor( gcnew array<Type^>(0) );
   ConstructorBuilder^ pointCtor = pointTypeBld->DefineConstructor( MethodAttributes::Public, CallingConventions::Standard, ctorParams );
   ILGenerator^ ctorIL = pointCtor->GetILGenerator();
   
   // First, you build the constructor.
   ctorIL->Emit( OpCodes::Ldarg_0 );
   ctorIL->Emit( OpCodes::Call, objCtor );
   ctorIL->Emit( OpCodes::Ldarg_0 );
   ctorIL->Emit( OpCodes::Ldarg_1 );
   ctorIL->Emit( OpCodes::Stfld, xField );
   ctorIL->Emit( OpCodes::Ldarg_0 );
   ctorIL->Emit( OpCodes::Ldarg_2 );
   ctorIL->Emit( OpCodes::Stfld, yField );
   ctorIL->Emit( OpCodes::Ret );
   
   //  Now, you'll build a method to output some information on the
   // inside your dynamic class. This method will have the following
   // definition in C#:
   //  public void WritePoint()
   MethodBuilder^ writeStrMthd = pointTypeBld->DefineMethod( "WritePoint", MethodAttributes::Public, void::typeid, nullptr );
   ILGenerator^ writeStrIL = writeStrMthd->GetILGenerator();
   
   // The below ILGenerator created demonstrates a few ways to create
   // String* output through STDIN.
   // ILGenerator::EmitWriteLine(String*) will generate a ldstr and a
   // call to WriteLine for you.
   writeStrIL->EmitWriteLine( "The value of this current instance is:" );
   
   // Here, you will do the hard work yourself. First, you need to create
   // the String* we will be passing and obtain the correct WriteLine overload
   // for said String*. In the below case, you are substituting in two values,
   // so the chosen overload is Console::WriteLine(String*, Object*, Object*).
   String^ inStr = "( {0}, {1})";
   array<Type^>^wlParams = {String::typeid,Object::typeid,Object::typeid};
   
   // We need the MethodInfo to pass into EmitCall later.
   MethodInfo^ writeLineMI = Console::typeid->GetMethod( "WriteLine", wlParams );
   
   // Push the String* with the substitutions onto the stack.
   // This is the first argument for WriteLine - the String* one.
   writeStrIL->Emit( OpCodes::Ldstr, inStr );
   
   // Since the second argument is an Object*, and it corresponds to
   // to the substitution for the value of our integer field, you
   // need to box that field to an Object*. First, push a reference
   // to the current instance, and then push the value stored in
   // field 'x'. We need the reference to the current instance (stored
   // in local argument index 0) so Ldfld can load from the correct
   // instance (this one).
   writeStrIL->Emit( OpCodes::Ldarg_0 );
   writeStrIL->Emit( OpCodes::Ldfld, xField );
   
   // Now, we execute the box opcode, which pops the value of field 'x',
   // returning a reference to the integer value boxed as an Object*.
   writeStrIL->Emit( OpCodes::Box, int::typeid );
   
   // Atop the stack, you'll find our String* inStr, followed by a reference
   // to the boxed value of 'x'. Now, you need to likewise box field 'y'.
   writeStrIL->Emit( OpCodes::Ldarg_0 );
   writeStrIL->Emit( OpCodes::Ldfld, yField );
   writeStrIL->Emit( OpCodes::Box, int::typeid );
   
   // Now, you have all of the arguments for your call to
   // Console::WriteLine(String*, Object*, Object*) atop the stack:
   // the String* InStr, a reference to the boxed value of 'x', and
   // a reference to the boxed value of 'y'.
   // Call Console::WriteLine(String*, Object*, Object*) with EmitCall.
   writeStrIL->EmitCall( OpCodes::Call, writeLineMI, nullptr );
   
   // Lastly, EmitWriteLine can also output the value of a field
   // using the overload EmitWriteLine(FieldInfo).
   writeStrIL->EmitWriteLine( "The value of 'x' is:" );
   writeStrIL->EmitWriteLine( xField );
   writeStrIL->EmitWriteLine( "The value of 'y' is:" );
   writeStrIL->EmitWriteLine( yField );
   
   // Since we return no value (void), the ret opcode will not
   // return the top stack value.
   writeStrIL->Emit( OpCodes::Ret );
   return pointTypeBld->CreateType();
}

int main()
{
   array<Object^>^ctorParams = gcnew array<Object^>(2);
   Console::Write( "Enter a integer value for X: " );
   String^ myX = Console::ReadLine();
   Console::Write( "Enter a integer value for Y: " );
   String^ myY = Console::ReadLine();
   Console::WriteLine( "---" );
   ctorParams[ 0 ] = Convert::ToInt32( myX );
   ctorParams[ 1 ] = Convert::ToInt32( myY );
   Type^ ptType = CreateDynamicType();
   Object^ ptInstance = Activator::CreateInstance( ptType, ctorParams );
   ptType->InvokeMember( "WritePoint", BindingFlags::InvokeMethod, nullptr, ptInstance, gcnew array<Object^>(0) );
}

using System;
using System.Threading;
using System.Reflection;
using System.Reflection.Emit;

class EmitWriteLineDemo {

   public static Type CreateDynamicType() {
       Type[] ctorParams = new Type[] {typeof(int),
                   typeof(int)};
    
       AppDomain myDomain = Thread.GetDomain();
       AssemblyName myAsmName = new AssemblyName();
       myAsmName.Name = "MyDynamicAssembly";

       AssemblyBuilder myAsmBuilder = myDomain.DefineDynamicAssembly(
                      myAsmName,
                      AssemblyBuilderAccess.Run);

       ModuleBuilder pointModule = myAsmBuilder.DefineDynamicModule("PointModule",
                                    "Point.dll");

       TypeBuilder pointTypeBld = pointModule.DefineType("Point",
                                  TypeAttributes.Public);

       FieldBuilder xField = pointTypeBld.DefineField("x", typeof(int),
                                                      FieldAttributes.Public);
       FieldBuilder yField = pointTypeBld.DefineField("y", typeof(int),
                                                      FieldAttributes.Public);

       Type objType = Type.GetType("System.Object");
       ConstructorInfo objCtor = objType.GetConstructor(new Type[0]);

       ConstructorBuilder pointCtor = pointTypeBld.DefineConstructor(
                                   MethodAttributes.Public,
                                   CallingConventions.Standard,
                                   ctorParams);
       ILGenerator ctorIL = pointCtor.GetILGenerator();

       // First, you build the constructor.
       ctorIL.Emit(OpCodes.Ldarg_0);
       ctorIL.Emit(OpCodes.Call, objCtor);
       ctorIL.Emit(OpCodes.Ldarg_0);
       ctorIL.Emit(OpCodes.Ldarg_1);
       ctorIL.Emit(OpCodes.Stfld, xField);
       ctorIL.Emit(OpCodes.Ldarg_0);
       ctorIL.Emit(OpCodes.Ldarg_2);
       ctorIL.Emit(OpCodes.Stfld, yField);
       ctorIL.Emit(OpCodes.Ret);

       //  Now, you'll build a method to output some information on the
       // inside your dynamic class. This method will have the following
       // definition in C#:
    //  public void WritePoint()

       MethodBuilder writeStrMthd = pointTypeBld.DefineMethod(
                                     "WritePoint",
                             MethodAttributes.Public,
                                             typeof(void),
                                             null);

       ILGenerator writeStrIL = writeStrMthd.GetILGenerator();

       // The below ILGenerator created demonstrates a few ways to create
       // string output through STDIN.

       // ILGenerator.EmitWriteLine(string) will generate a ldstr and a
       // call to WriteLine for you.

       writeStrIL.EmitWriteLine("The value of this current instance is:");

       // Here, you will do the hard work yourself. First, you need to create
       // the string we will be passing and obtain the correct WriteLine overload
       // for said string. In the below case, you are substituting in two values,
       // so the chosen overload is Console.WriteLine(string, object, object).

       String inStr = "({0}, {1})";
       Type[] wlParams = new Type[] {typeof(string),
                     typeof(object),
                     typeof(object)};

       // We need the MethodInfo to pass into EmitCall later.

       MethodInfo writeLineMI = typeof(Console).GetMethod(
                            "WriteLine",
                        wlParams);

       // Push the string with the substitutions onto the stack.
       // This is the first argument for WriteLine - the string one.

       writeStrIL.Emit(OpCodes.Ldstr, inStr);

       // Since the second argument is an object, and it corresponds to
       // to the substitution for the value of our integer field, you
       // need to box that field to an object. First, push a reference
       // to the current instance, and then push the value stored in
       // field 'x'. We need the reference to the current instance (stored
       // in local argument index 0) so Ldfld can load from the correct
       // instance (this one).

       writeStrIL.Emit(OpCodes.Ldarg_0);
       writeStrIL.Emit(OpCodes.Ldfld, xField);

       // Now, we execute the box opcode, which pops the value of field 'x',
       // returning a reference to the integer value boxed as an object.

       writeStrIL.Emit(OpCodes.Box, typeof(int));

       // Atop the stack, you'll find our string inStr, followed by a reference
       // to the boxed value of 'x'. Now, you need to likewise box field 'y'.

       writeStrIL.Emit(OpCodes.Ldarg_0);
       writeStrIL.Emit(OpCodes.Ldfld, yField);
       writeStrIL.Emit(OpCodes.Box, typeof(int));

       // Now, you have all of the arguments for your call to
       // Console.WriteLine(string, object, object) atop the stack:
       // the string InStr, a reference to the boxed value of 'x', and
       // a reference to the boxed value of 'y'.

       // Call Console.WriteLine(string, object, object) with EmitCall.

       writeStrIL.EmitCall(OpCodes.Call, writeLineMI, null);

       // Lastly, EmitWriteLine can also output the value of a field
       // using the overload EmitWriteLine(FieldInfo).

       writeStrIL.EmitWriteLine("The value of 'x' is:");
       writeStrIL.EmitWriteLine(xField);
       writeStrIL.EmitWriteLine("The value of 'y' is:");
       writeStrIL.EmitWriteLine(yField);

       // Since we return no value (void), the ret opcode will not
       // return the top stack value.

       writeStrIL.Emit(OpCodes.Ret);

       return pointTypeBld.CreateType();
   }

   public static void Main() {

      object[] ctorParams = new object[2];

      Console.Write("Enter a integer value for X: ");
      string myX = Console.ReadLine();
      Console.Write("Enter a integer value for Y: ");
      string myY = Console.ReadLine();

      Console.WriteLine("---");

      ctorParams[0] = Convert.ToInt32(myX);
      ctorParams[1] = Convert.ToInt32(myY);

      Type ptType = CreateDynamicType();

      object ptInstance = Activator.CreateInstance(ptType, ctorParams);
      ptType.InvokeMember("WritePoint",
              BindingFlags.InvokeMethod,
              null,
              ptInstance,
              new object[0]);
   }
}

Imports System.Threading
Imports System.Reflection
Imports System.Reflection.Emit

 _

Class EmitWriteLineDemo
   
   
   Public Shared Function CreateDynamicType() As Type

      Dim ctorParams() As Type = {GetType(Integer), GetType(Integer)}
      
      Dim myDomain As AppDomain = Thread.GetDomain()
      Dim myAsmName As New AssemblyName()
      myAsmName.Name = "MyDynamicAssembly"
      
      Dim myAsmBuilder As AssemblyBuilder = myDomain.DefineDynamicAssembly(myAsmName, AssemblyBuilderAccess.RunAndSave)
      
      Dim pointModule As ModuleBuilder = myAsmBuilder.DefineDynamicModule("PointModule", "Point.dll")
      
      Dim pointTypeBld As TypeBuilder = pointModule.DefineType("Point", _
                                   TypeAttributes.Public)
      
      Dim xField As FieldBuilder = pointTypeBld.DefineField("x", _
                                GetType(Integer), _
                                FieldAttributes.Public)
      Dim yField As FieldBuilder = pointTypeBld.DefineField("y", _
                                GetType(Integer), _
                                FieldAttributes.Public)
      
      
      Dim objType As Type = Type.GetType("System.Object")
      Dim objCtor As ConstructorInfo = objType.GetConstructor(New Type(){})
      
      Dim pointCtor As ConstructorBuilder = pointTypeBld.DefineConstructor( _
                             MethodAttributes.Public, _
                             CallingConventions.Standard, _
                             ctorParams)
      Dim ctorIL As ILGenerator = pointCtor.GetILGenerator()
      
      
      ' First, you build the constructor.

      ctorIL.Emit(OpCodes.Ldarg_0)
      ctorIL.Emit(OpCodes.Call, objCtor)
      ctorIL.Emit(OpCodes.Ldarg_0)
      ctorIL.Emit(OpCodes.Ldarg_1)
      ctorIL.Emit(OpCodes.Stfld, xField)
      ctorIL.Emit(OpCodes.Ldarg_0)
      ctorIL.Emit(OpCodes.Ldarg_2)
      ctorIL.Emit(OpCodes.Stfld, yField)
      ctorIL.Emit(OpCodes.Ret)
      
      '  Now, you'll build a method to output some information on the
      ' inside your dynamic class. This method will have the following
      ' definition in C#:
      '  Public Sub WritePoint() 

      Dim writeStrMthd As MethodBuilder = pointTypeBld.DefineMethod("WritePoint", _
                                    MethodAttributes.Public, _
                                    Nothing, Nothing)
      
      Dim writeStrIL As ILGenerator = writeStrMthd.GetILGenerator()
      
      ' The below ILGenerator created demonstrates a few ways to create
      ' string output through STDIN. 
      ' ILGenerator.EmitWriteLine(string) will generate a ldstr and a 
      ' call to WriteLine for you.

      writeStrIL.EmitWriteLine("The value of this current instance is:")
      
      ' Here, you will do the hard work yourself. First, you need to create
      ' the string we will be passing and obtain the correct WriteLine overload
      ' for said string. In the below case, you are substituting in two values,
      ' so the chosen overload is Console.WriteLine(string, object, object).

      Dim inStr As [String] = "({0}, {1})"
      Dim wlParams() As Type = {GetType(String), GetType(Object), GetType(Object)}
      
      ' We need the MethodInfo to pass into EmitCall later.

      Dim writeLineMI As MethodInfo = GetType(Console).GetMethod("WriteLine", wlParams)
      
      ' Push the string with the substitutions onto the stack.
      ' This is the first argument for WriteLine - the string one. 

      writeStrIL.Emit(OpCodes.Ldstr, inStr)
      
      ' Since the second argument is an object, and it corresponds to
      ' to the substitution for the value of our integer field, you 
      ' need to box that field to an object. First, push a reference
      ' to the current instance, and then push the value stored in
      ' field 'x'. We need the reference to the current instance (stored
      ' in local argument index 0) so Ldfld can load from the correct
      ' instance (this one).

      writeStrIL.Emit(OpCodes.Ldarg_0)
      writeStrIL.Emit(OpCodes.Ldfld, xField)
      
      ' Now, we execute the box opcode, which pops the value of field 'x',
      ' returning a reference to the integer value boxed as an object.

      writeStrIL.Emit(OpCodes.Box, GetType(Integer))
      
      ' Atop the stack, you'll find our string inStr, followed by a reference
      ' to the boxed value of 'x'. Now, you need to likewise box field 'y'.

      writeStrIL.Emit(OpCodes.Ldarg_0)
      writeStrIL.Emit(OpCodes.Ldfld, yField)
      writeStrIL.Emit(OpCodes.Box, GetType(Integer))
      
      ' Now, you have all of the arguments for your call to
      ' Console.WriteLine(string, object, object) atop the stack:
      ' the string InStr, a reference to the boxed value of 'x', and
      ' a reference to the boxed value of 'y'.
      ' Call Console.WriteLine(string, object, object) with EmitCall.

      writeStrIL.EmitCall(OpCodes.Call, writeLineMI, Nothing)
      
      ' Lastly, EmitWriteLine can also output the value of a field
      ' using the overload EmitWriteLine(FieldInfo).

      writeStrIL.EmitWriteLine("The value of 'x' is:")
      writeStrIL.EmitWriteLine(xField)
      writeStrIL.EmitWriteLine("The value of 'y' is:")
      writeStrIL.EmitWriteLine(yField)
      
      ' Since we return no value (void), the ret opcode will not
      ' return the top stack value.

      writeStrIL.Emit(OpCodes.Ret)
      
      Return pointTypeBld.CreateType()

   End Function 'CreateDynamicType
    
   
   Public Shared Sub Main()
      
      Dim ctorParams(1) As Object
      
      Console.Write("Enter a integer value for X: ")
      Dim myX As String = Console.ReadLine()
      Console.Write("Enter a integer value for Y: ")
      Dim myY As String = Console.ReadLine()
      
      Console.WriteLine("---")
      
      ctorParams(0) = Convert.ToInt32(myX)
      ctorParams(1) = Convert.ToInt32(myY)
      
      Dim ptType As Type = CreateDynamicType()

      Dim ptInstance As Object = Activator.CreateInstance(ptType, ctorParams)

      ptType.InvokeMember("WritePoint", _
              BindingFlags.InvokeMethod, _
              Nothing, ptInstance, Nothing)

   End Sub

End Class

Remarks

For a detailed description of the member opcodes, see the Common Language Infrastructure (CLI) documentation, especially "Partition III: CIL Instruction Set" and "Partition II: Metadata Definition and Semantics". For more information, see ECMA 335 Common Language Infrastructure (CLI).

Fields

Add

Adds two values and pushes the result onto the evaluation stack.

Add_Ovf

Adds two integers, performs an overflow check, and pushes the result onto the evaluation stack.

Add_Ovf_Un

Adds two unsigned integer values, performs an overflow check, and pushes the result onto the evaluation stack.

And

Computes the bitwise AND of two values and pushes the result onto the evaluation stack.

Arglist

Returns an unmanaged pointer to the argument list of the current method.

Beq

Transfers control to a target instruction if two values are equal.

Beq_S

Transfers control to a target instruction (short form) if two values are equal.

Bge

Transfers control to a target instruction if the first value is greater than or equal to the second value.

Bge_S

Transfers control to a target instruction (short form) if the first value is greater than or equal to the second value.

Bge_Un

Transfers control to a target instruction if the first value is greater than the second value, when comparing unsigned integer values or unordered float values.

Bge_Un_S

Transfers control to a target instruction (short form) if the first value is greater than the second value, when comparing unsigned integer values or unordered float values.

Bgt

Transfers control to a target instruction if the first value is greater than the second value.

Bgt_S

Transfers control to a target instruction (short form) if the first value is greater than the second value.

Bgt_Un

Transfers control to a target instruction if the first value is greater than the second value, when comparing unsigned integer values or unordered float values.

Bgt_Un_S

Transfers control to a target instruction (short form) if the first value is greater than the second value, when comparing unsigned integer values or unordered float values.

Ble

Transfers control to a target instruction if the first value is less than or equal to the second value.

Ble_S

Transfers control to a target instruction (short form) if the first value is less than or equal to the second value.

Ble_Un

Transfers control to a target instruction if the first value is less than or equal to the second value, when comparing unsigned integer values or unordered float values.

Ble_Un_S

Transfers control to a target instruction (short form) if the first value is less than or equal to the second value, when comparing unsigned integer values or unordered float values.

Blt

Transfers control to a target instruction if the first value is less than the second value.

Blt_S

Transfers control to a target instruction (short form) if the first value is less than the second value.

Blt_Un

Transfers control to a target instruction if the first value is less than the second value, when comparing unsigned integer values or unordered float values.

Blt_Un_S

Transfers control to a target instruction (short form) if the first value is less than the second value, when comparing unsigned integer values or unordered float values.

Bne_Un

Transfers control to a target instruction when two unsigned integer values or unordered float values are not equal.

Bne_Un_S

Transfers control to a target instruction (short form) when two unsigned integer values or unordered float values are not equal.

Box

Converts a value type to an object reference (type O).

Br

Unconditionally transfers control to a target instruction.

Br_S

Unconditionally transfers control to a target instruction (short form).

Break

Signals the Common Language Infrastructure (CLI) to inform the debugger that a break point has been tripped.

Brfalse

Transfers control to a target instruction if value is false, a null reference (Nothing in Visual Basic), or zero.

Brfalse_S

Transfers control to a target instruction if value is false, a null reference, or zero.

Brtrue

Transfers control to a target instruction if value is true, not null, or non-zero.

Brtrue_S

Transfers control to a target instruction (short form) if value is true, not null, or non-zero.

Call

Calls the method indicated by the passed method descriptor.

Calli

Calls the method indicated on the evaluation stack (as a pointer to an entry point) with arguments described by a calling convention.

Callvirt

Calls a late-bound method on an object, pushing the return value onto the evaluation stack.

Castclass

Attempts to cast an object passed by reference to the specified class.

Ceq

Compares two values. If they are equal, the integer value 1 (int32) is pushed onto the evaluation stack; otherwise 0 (int32) is pushed onto the evaluation stack.

Cgt

Compares two values. If the first value is greater than the second, the integer value 1 (int32) is pushed onto the evaluation stack; otherwise 0 (int32) is pushed onto the evaluation stack.

Cgt_Un

Compares two unsigned or unordered values. If the first value is greater than the second, the integer value 1 (int32) is pushed onto the evaluation stack; otherwise 0 (int32) is pushed onto the evaluation stack.

Ckfinite

Throws ArithmeticException if value is not a finite number.

Clt

Compares two values. If the first value is less than the second, the integer value 1 (int32) is pushed onto the evaluation stack; otherwise 0 (int32) is pushed onto the evaluation stack.

Clt_Un

Compares the unsigned or unordered values value1 and value2. If value1 is less than value2, then the integer value 1 (int32) is pushed onto the evaluation stack; otherwise 0 (int32) is pushed onto the evaluation stack.

Constrained

Constrains the type on which a virtual method call is made.

Conv_I

Converts the value on top of the evaluation stack to native int.

Conv_I1

Converts the value on top of the evaluation stack to int8, then extends (pads) it to int32.

Conv_I2

Converts the value on top of the evaluation stack to int16, then extends (pads) it to int32.

Conv_I4

Converts the value on top of the evaluation stack to int32.

Conv_I8

Converts the value on top of the evaluation stack to int64.

Conv_Ovf_I

Converts the signed value on top of the evaluation stack to signed native int, throwing OverflowException on overflow.

Conv_Ovf_I_Un

Converts the unsigned value on top of the evaluation stack to signed native int, throwing OverflowException on overflow.

Conv_Ovf_I1

Converts the signed value on top of the evaluation stack to signed int8 and extends it to int32, throwing OverflowException on overflow.

Conv_Ovf_I1_Un

Converts the unsigned value on top of the evaluation stack to signed int8 and extends it to int32, throwing OverflowException on overflow.

Conv_Ovf_I2

Converts the signed value on top of the evaluation stack to signed int16 and extending it to int32, throwing OverflowException on overflow.

Conv_Ovf_I2_Un

Converts the unsigned value on top of the evaluation stack to signed int16 and extends it to int32, throwing OverflowException on overflow.

Conv_Ovf_I4

Converts the signed value on top of the evaluation stack to signed int32, throwing OverflowException on overflow.

Conv_Ovf_I4_Un

Converts the unsigned value on top of the evaluation stack to signed int32, throwing OverflowException on overflow.

Conv_Ovf_I8

Converts the signed value on top of the evaluation stack to signed int64, throwing OverflowException on overflow.

Conv_Ovf_I8_Un

Converts the unsigned value on top of the evaluation stack to signed int64, throwing OverflowException on overflow.

Conv_Ovf_U

Converts the signed value on top of the evaluation stack to unsigned native int, throwing OverflowException on overflow.

Conv_Ovf_U_Un

Converts the unsigned value on top of the evaluation stack to unsigned native int, throwing OverflowException on overflow.

Conv_Ovf_U1

Converts the signed value on top of the evaluation stack to unsigned int8 and extends it to int32, throwing OverflowException on overflow.

Conv_Ovf_U1_Un

Converts the unsigned value on top of the evaluation stack to unsigned int8 and extends it to int32, throwing OverflowException on overflow.

Conv_Ovf_U2

Converts the signed value on top of the evaluation stack to unsigned int16 and extends it to int32, throwing OverflowException on overflow.

Conv_Ovf_U2_Un

Converts the unsigned value on top of the evaluation stack to unsigned int16 and extends it to int32, throwing OverflowException on overflow.

Conv_Ovf_U4

Converts the signed value on top of the evaluation stack to unsigned int32, throwing OverflowException on overflow.

Conv_Ovf_U4_Un

Converts the unsigned value on top of the evaluation stack to unsigned int32, throwing OverflowException on overflow.

Conv_Ovf_U8

Converts the signed value on top of the evaluation stack to unsigned int64, throwing OverflowException on overflow.

Conv_Ovf_U8_Un

Converts the unsigned value on top of the evaluation stack to unsigned int64, throwing OverflowException on overflow.

Conv_R_Un

Converts the unsigned integer value on top of the evaluation stack to float32.

Conv_R4

Converts the value on top of the evaluation stack to float32.

Conv_R8

Converts the value on top of the evaluation stack to float64.

Conv_U

Converts the value on top of the evaluation stack to unsigned native int, and extends it to native int.

Conv_U1

Converts the value on top of the evaluation stack to unsigned int8, and extends it to int32.

Conv_U2

Converts the value on top of the evaluation stack to unsigned int16, and extends it to int32.

Conv_U4

Converts the value on top of the evaluation stack to unsigned int32, and extends it to int32.

Conv_U8

Converts the value on top of the evaluation stack to unsigned int64, and extends it to int64.

Cpblk

Copies a specified number bytes from a source address to a destination address.

Cpobj

Copies the value type located at the address of an object (type &, or native int) to the address of the destination object (type &, or native int).

Div

Divides two values and pushes the result as a floating-point (type F) or quotient (type int32) onto the evaluation stack.

Div_Un

Divides two unsigned integer values and pushes the result (int32) onto the evaluation stack.

Dup

Copies the current topmost value on the evaluation stack, and then pushes the copy onto the evaluation stack.

Endfilter

Transfers control from the filter clause of an exception back to the Common Language Infrastructure (CLI) exception handler.

Endfinally

Transfers control from the fault or finally clause of an exception block back to the Common Language Infrastructure (CLI) exception handler.

Initblk

Initializes a specified block of memory at a specific address to a given size and initial value.

Initobj

Initializes each field of the value type at a specified address to a null reference or a 0 of the appropriate primitive type.

Isinst

Tests whether an object reference (type O) is an instance of a particular class.

Jmp

Exits current method and jumps to specified method.

Ldarg

Loads an argument (referenced by a specified index value) onto the stack.

Ldarg_0

Loads the argument at index 0 onto the evaluation stack.

Ldarg_1

Loads the argument at index 1 onto the evaluation stack.

Ldarg_2

Loads the argument at index 2 onto the evaluation stack.

Ldarg_3

Loads the argument at index 3 onto the evaluation stack.

Ldarg_S

Loads the argument (referenced by a specified short form index) onto the evaluation stack.

Ldarga

Load an argument address onto the evaluation stack.

Ldarga_S

Load an argument address, in short form, onto the evaluation stack.

Ldc_I4

Pushes a supplied value of type int32 onto the evaluation stack as an int32.

Ldc_I4_0

Pushes the integer value of 0 onto the evaluation stack as an int32.

Ldc_I4_1

Pushes the integer value of 1 onto the evaluation stack as an int32.

Ldc_I4_2

Pushes the integer value of 2 onto the evaluation stack as an int32.

Ldc_I4_3

Pushes the integer value of 3 onto the evaluation stack as an int32.

Ldc_I4_4

Pushes the integer value of 4 onto the evaluation stack as an int32.

Ldc_I4_5

Pushes the integer value of 5 onto the evaluation stack as an int32.

Ldc_I4_6

Pushes the integer value of 6 onto the evaluation stack as an int32.

Ldc_I4_7

Pushes the integer value of 7 onto the evaluation stack as an int32.

Ldc_I4_8

Pushes the integer value of 8 onto the evaluation stack as an int32.

Ldc_I4_M1

Pushes the integer value of -1 onto the evaluation stack as an int32.

Ldc_I4_S

Pushes the supplied int8 value onto the evaluation stack as an int32, short form.

Ldc_I8

Pushes a supplied value of type int64 onto the evaluation stack as an int64.

Ldc_R4

Pushes a supplied value of type float32 onto the evaluation stack as type F (float).

Ldc_R8

Pushes a supplied value of type float64 onto the evaluation stack as type F (float).

Ldelem

Loads the element at a specified array index onto the top of the evaluation stack as the type specified in the instruction.

Ldelem_I

Loads the element with type native int at a specified array index onto the top of the evaluation stack as a native int.

Ldelem_I1

Loads the element with type int8 at a specified array index onto the top of the evaluation stack as an int32.

Ldelem_I2

Loads the element with type int16 at a specified array index onto the top of the evaluation stack as an int32.

Ldelem_I4

Loads the element with type int32 at a specified array index onto the top of the evaluation stack as an int32.

Ldelem_I8

Loads the element with type int64 at a specified array index onto the top of the evaluation stack as an int64.

Ldelem_R4

Loads the element with type float32 at a specified array index onto the top of the evaluation stack as type F (float).

Ldelem_R8

Loads the element with type float64 at a specified array index onto the top of the evaluation stack as type F (float).

Ldelem_Ref

Loads the element containing an object reference at a specified array index onto the top of the evaluation stack as type O (object reference).

Ldelem_U1

Loads the element with type unsigned int8 at a specified array index onto the top of the evaluation stack as an int32.

Ldelem_U2

Loads the element with type unsigned int16 at a specified array index onto the top of the evaluation stack as an int32.

Ldelem_U4

Loads the element with type unsigned int32 at a specified array index onto the top of the evaluation stack as an int32.

Ldelema

Loads the address of the array element at a specified array index onto the top of the evaluation stack as type & (managed pointer).

Ldfld

Finds the value of a field in the object whose reference is currently on the evaluation stack.

Ldflda

Finds the address of a field in the object whose reference is currently on the evaluation stack.

Ldftn

Pushes an unmanaged pointer (type native int) to the native code implementing a specific method onto the evaluation stack.

Ldind_I

Loads a value of type native int as a native int onto the evaluation stack indirectly.

Ldind_I1

Loads a value of type int8 as an int32 onto the evaluation stack indirectly.

Ldind_I2

Loads a value of type int16 as an int32 onto the evaluation stack indirectly.

Ldind_I4

Loads a value of type int32 as an int32 onto the evaluation stack indirectly.

Ldind_I8

Loads a value of type int64 as an int64 onto the evaluation stack indirectly.

Ldind_R4

Loads a value of type float32 as a type F (float) onto the evaluation stack indirectly.

Ldind_R8

Loads a value of type float64 as a type F (float) onto the evaluation stack indirectly.

Ldind_Ref

Loads an object reference as a type O (object reference) onto the evaluation stack indirectly.

Ldind_U1

Loads a value of type unsigned int8 as an int32 onto the evaluation stack indirectly.

Ldind_U2

Loads a value of type unsigned int16 as an int32 onto the evaluation stack indirectly.

Ldind_U4

Loads a value of type unsigned int32 as an int32 onto the evaluation stack indirectly.

Ldlen

Pushes the number of elements of a zero-based, one-dimensional array onto the evaluation stack.

Ldloc

Loads the local variable at a specific index onto the evaluation stack.

Ldloc_0

Loads the local variable at index 0 onto the evaluation stack.

Ldloc_1

Loads the local variable at index 1 onto the evaluation stack.

Ldloc_2

Loads the local variable at index 2 onto the evaluation stack.

Ldloc_3

Loads the local variable at index 3 onto the evaluation stack.

Ldloc_S

Loads the local variable at a specific index onto the evaluation stack, short form.

Ldloca

Loads the address of the local variable at a specific index onto the evaluation stack.

Ldloca_S

Loads the address of the local variable at a specific index onto the evaluation stack, short form.

Ldnull

Pushes a null reference (type O) onto the evaluation stack.

Ldobj

Copies the value type object pointed to by an address to the top of the evaluation stack.

Ldsfld

Pushes the value of a static field onto the evaluation stack.

Ldsflda

Pushes the address of a static field onto the evaluation stack.

Ldstr

Pushes a new object reference to a string literal stored in the metadata.

Ldtoken

Converts a metadata token to its runtime representation, pushing it onto the evaluation stack.

Ldvirtftn

Pushes an unmanaged pointer (type native int) to the native code implementing a particular virtual method associated with a specified object onto the evaluation stack.

Leave

Exits a protected region of code, unconditionally transferring control to a specific target instruction.

Leave_S

Exits a protected region of code, unconditionally transferring control to a target instruction (short form).

Localloc

Allocates a certain number of bytes from the local dynamic memory pool and pushes the address (a transient pointer, type *) of the first allocated byte onto the evaluation stack.

Mkrefany

Pushes a typed reference to an instance of a specific type onto the evaluation stack.

Mul

Multiplies two values and pushes the result on the evaluation stack.

Mul_Ovf

Multiplies two integer values, performs an overflow check, and pushes the result onto the evaluation stack.

Mul_Ovf_Un

Multiplies two unsigned integer values, performs an overflow check, and pushes the result onto the evaluation stack.

Neg

Negates a value and pushes the result onto the evaluation stack.

Newarr

Pushes an object reference to a new zero-based, one-dimensional array whose elements are of a specific type onto the evaluation stack.

Newobj

Creates a new object or a new instance of a value type, pushing an object reference (type O) onto the evaluation stack.

Nop

Fills space if opcodes are patched. No meaningful operation is performed although a processing cycle can be consumed.

Not

Computes the bitwise complement of the integer value on top of the stack and pushes the result onto the evaluation stack as the same type.

Or

Compute the bitwise complement of the two integer values on top of the stack and pushes the result onto the evaluation stack.

Pop

Removes the value currently on top of the evaluation stack.

Prefix1

This is a reserved instruction.

Prefix2

This is a reserved instruction.

Prefix3

This is a reserved instruction.

Prefix4

This is a reserved instruction.

Prefix5

This is a reserved instruction.

Prefix6

This is a reserved instruction.

Prefix7

This is a reserved instruction.

Prefixref

This is a reserved instruction.

Readonly

Specifies that the subsequent array address operation performs no type check at run time, and that it returns a managed pointer whose mutability is restricted.

Refanytype

Retrieves the type token embedded in a typed reference.

Refanyval

Retrieves the address (type &) embedded in a typed reference.

Rem

Divides two values and pushes the remainder onto the evaluation stack.

Rem_Un

Divides two unsigned values and pushes the remainder onto the evaluation stack.

Ret

Returns from the current method, pushing a return value (if present) from the callee's evaluation stack onto the caller's evaluation stack.

Rethrow

Rethrows the current exception.

Shl

Shifts an integer value to the left (in zeroes) by a specified number of bits, pushing the result onto the evaluation stack.

Shr

Shifts an integer value (in sign) to the right by a specified number of bits, pushing the result onto the evaluation stack.

Shr_Un

Shifts an unsigned integer value (in zeroes) to the right by a specified number of bits, pushing the result onto the evaluation stack.

Sizeof

Pushes the size, in bytes, of a supplied value type onto the evaluation stack.

Starg

Stores the value on top of the evaluation stack in the argument slot at a specified index.

Starg_S

Stores the value on top of the evaluation stack in the argument slot at a specified index, short form.

Stelem

Replaces the array element at a given index with the value on the evaluation stack, whose type is specified in the instruction.

Stelem_I

Replaces the array element at a given index with the native int value on the evaluation stack.

Stelem_I1

Replaces the array element at a given index with the int8 value on the evaluation stack.

Stelem_I2

Replaces the array element at a given index with the int16 value on the evaluation stack.

Stelem_I4

Replaces the array element at a given index with the int32 value on the evaluation stack.

Stelem_I8

Replaces the array element at a given index with the int64 value on the evaluation stack.

Stelem_R4

Replaces the array element at a given index with the float32 value on the evaluation stack.

Stelem_R8

Replaces the array element at a given index with the float64 value on the evaluation stack.

Stelem_Ref

Replaces the array element at a given index with the object ref value (type O) on the evaluation stack.

Stfld

Replaces the value stored in the field of an object reference or pointer with a new value.

Stind_I

Stores a value of type native int at a supplied address.

Stind_I1

Stores a value of type int8 at a supplied address.

Stind_I2

Stores a value of type int16 at a supplied address.

Stind_I4

Stores a value of type int32 at a supplied address.

Stind_I8

Stores a value of type int64 at a supplied address.

Stind_R4

Stores a value of type float32 at a supplied address.

Stind_R8

Stores a value of type float64 at a supplied address.

Stind_Ref

Stores a object reference value at a supplied address.

Stloc

Pops the current value from the top of the evaluation stack and stores it in the local variable list at a specified index.

Stloc_0

Pops the current value from the top of the evaluation stack and stores it in the local variable list at index 0.

Stloc_1

Pops the current value from the top of the evaluation stack and stores it in the local variable list at index 1.

Stloc_2

Pops the current value from the top of the evaluation stack and stores it in the local variable list at index 2.

Stloc_3

Pops the current value from the top of the evaluation stack and stores it in the local variable list at index 3.

Stloc_S

Pops the current value from the top of the evaluation stack and stores it in the local variable list at index (short form).

Stobj

Copies a value of a specified type from the evaluation stack into a supplied memory address.

Stsfld

Replaces the value of a static field with a value from the evaluation stack.

Sub

Subtracts one value from another and pushes the result onto the evaluation stack.

Sub_Ovf

Subtracts one integer value from another, performs an overflow check, and pushes the result onto the evaluation stack.

Sub_Ovf_Un

Subtracts one unsigned integer value from another, performs an overflow check, and pushes the result onto the evaluation stack.

Switch

Implements a jump table.

Tailcall

Performs a postfixed method call instruction such that the current method's stack frame is removed before the actual call instruction is executed.

Throw

Throws the exception object currently on the evaluation stack.

Unaligned

Indicates that an address currently atop the evaluation stack might not be aligned to the natural size of the immediately following ldind, stind, ldfld, stfld, ldobj, stobj, initblk, or cpblk instruction.

Unbox

Converts the boxed representation of a value type to its unboxed form.

Unbox_Any

Converts the boxed representation of a type specified in the instruction to its unboxed form.

Volatile

Specifies that an address currently atop the evaluation stack might be volatile, and the results of reading that location cannot be cached or that multiple stores to that location cannot be suppressed.

Xor

Computes the bitwise XOR of the top two values on the evaluation stack, pushing the result onto the evaluation stack.

Methods

Equals(Object)

Determines whether the specified object is equal to the current object.

(Inherited from Object)
GetHashCode()

Serves as the default hash function.

(Inherited from Object)
GetType()

Gets the Type of the current instance.

(Inherited from Object)
MemberwiseClone()

Creates a shallow copy of the current Object.

(Inherited from Object)
TakesSingleByteArgument(OpCode)

Returns true or false if the supplied opcode takes a single byte argument.

ToString()

Returns a string that represents the current object.

(Inherited from Object)

Applies to