map::map
Constructs a map that is empty or that is a copy of all or part of some other map.
map( );
explicit map(
const Traits& Comp
);
map(
const Traits& Comp,
const Allocator& Al
);
map(
const map& Right
);
map(
map&& Right
);
map(
initializer_list<value_type> IList
);
map(
initializer_list<value_type> IList,
const Traits& Comp
);
map(
initializer_list<value_type> IList,
const Traits& Comp,
const Allocator& Allocator
);
template<class InputIterator>
map(
InputIterator First,
InputIterator Last
);
template<class InputIterator>
map(
InputIterator First,
InputIterator Last,
const Traits& Comp
);
template<class InputIterator>
map(
InputIterator First,
InputIterator Last,
const Traits& Comp,
const Allocator& Al
);
Parameters
Parameter |
Description |
Al |
The storage allocator class to be used for this map object, which defaults to Allocator. |
Comp |
The comparison function of type const Traits used to order the elements in the map, which defaults to hash_compare. |
Right |
The map of which the constructed set is to be a copy. |
First |
The position of the first element in the range of elements to be copied. |
Last |
The position of the first element beyond the range of elements to be copied. |
IList |
The initializer_list from which the elements are to be copied. |
Remarks
All constructors store a type of allocator object that manages memory storage for the map and that can later be returned by calling get_allocator. The allocator parameter is often omitted in the class declarations and preprocessing macros used to substitute alternative allocators.
All constructors initialize their map.
All constructors store a function object of type Traits that is used to establish an order among the keys of the map and that can later be returned by calling key_comp.
The first three constructors specify an empty initial map, the second specifying the type of comparison function (Comp) to be used in establishing the order of the elements and the third explicitly specifying the allocator type (Al) to be used. The key word explicit suppresses certain kinds of automatic type conversion.
The fourth constructor specifies a copy of the map Right.
The fifth constructor specifies a copy of the map by moving Right.
The sixth, seventh, and eighth constructors use an initializer_list from which to copy the members.
The next three constructors copy the range [First, Last) of a map with increasing explicitness in specifying the type of comparison function of class Traits and allocator.
Example
// map_map.cpp
// compile with: /EHsc
#include <map>
#include <iostream>
int main()
{
using namespace std;
typedef pair <int, int> Int_Pair;
map <int, int>::iterator m1_Iter, m3_Iter, m4_Iter, m5_Iter, m6_Iter, m7_Iter;
map <int, int, less<int> >::iterator m2_Iter;
// Create an empty map m0 of key type integer
map <int, int> m0;
// Create an empty map m1 with the key comparison
// function of less than, then insert 4 elements
map <int, int, less<int> > m1;
m1.insert(Int_Pair(1, 10));
m1.insert(Int_Pair(2, 20));
m1.insert(Int_Pair(3, 30));
m1.insert(Int_Pair(4, 40));
// Create an empty map m2 with the key comparison
// function of geater than, then insert 2 elements
map <int, int, less<int> > m2;
m2.insert(Int_Pair(1, 10));
m2.insert(Int_Pair(2, 20));
// Create a map m3 with the
// allocator of map m1
map <int, int>::allocator_type m1_Alloc;
m1_Alloc = m1.get_allocator();
map <int, int> m3(less<int>(), m1_Alloc);
m3.insert(Int_Pair(3, 30));
// Create a copy, map m4, of map m1
map <int, int> m4(m1);
// Create a map m5 by copying the range m1[_First, _Last)
map <int, int>::const_iterator m1_bcIter, m1_ecIter;
m1_bcIter = m1.begin();
m1_ecIter = m1.begin();
m1_ecIter++;
m1_ecIter++;
map <int, int> m5(m1_bcIter, m1_ecIter);
// Create a map m6 by copying the range m4[_First, _Last)
// and with the allocator of map m2
map <int, int>::allocator_type m2_Alloc;
m2_Alloc = m2.get_allocator();
map <int, int> m6(m4.begin(), ++m4.begin(), less<int>(), m2_Alloc);
cout << "m1 =";
for (auto i : m1)
cout << i.first << " " << i.second << ", ";
cout << endl;
cout << "m2 =";
for(auto i : m2)
cout << i.first << " " << i.second << ", ";
cout << endl;
cout << "m3 =";
for (auto i : m3)
cout << i.first << " " << i.second << ", ";
cout << endl;
cout << "m4 =";
for (auto i : m4)
cout << i.first << " " << i.second << ", ";
cout << endl;
cout << "m5 =";
for (auto i : m5)
cout << i.first << " " << i.second << ", ";
cout << endl;
cout << "m6 =";
for (auto i : m6)
cout << i.first << " " << i.second << ", ";
cout << endl;
// Create a map m7 by moving m5
cout << "m7 =";
map<int, int> m7(move(m5));
for (auto i : m7)
cout << i.first << " " << i.second << ", ";
cout << endl;
// Create a map m8 by copying in an initializer_list
map<int, int> m8{ { { 1, 1 }, { 2, 2 }, { 3, 3 }, { 4, 4 } } };
cout << "m8: = ";
for (auto i : m8)
cout << i.first << " " << i.second << ", ";
cout << endl;
// Create a map m9 with an initializer_list and a comparator
map<int, int> m9({ { 5, 5 }, { 6, 6 }, { 7, 7 }, { 8, 8 } }, less<int>());
cout << "m9: = ";
for (auto i : m9)
cout << i.first << " " << i.second << ", ";
cout << endl;
// Create a map m10 with an initializer_list, a comparator, and an allocator
map<int, int> m10({ { 9, 9 }, { 10, 10 }, { 11, 11 }, { 12, 12 } }, less<int>(), m9.get_allocator());
cout << "m10: = ";
for (auto i : m10)
cout << i.first << " " << i.second << ", ";
cout << endl;
}
Output
m1 = 10 20 30 40
m2 = 10 20
m3 = 30
m4 = 10 20 30 40
m5 = 10 20
m6 = 10
m7 = 10 20
m8: = 1 1, 2 2, 3 3, 4 4,
m9: = 5 5, 6 6, 7 7, 8 8,
m10: = 9 9, 10 10, 11 11, 12 12,
Requirements
Header: <map>
Namespace: std