Sub-orkestrasi

Fungsi orkestrator dapat memanggil fungsi orkestrator lain sebagai sub-orkestrasi. Sub-orkestrasi berjalan sebagai anak dari orkestrator panggilan (induk) dan berperilaku seperti aktivitas dari perspektif pemanggil: dapat mengembalikan nilai, melemparkan pengecualian yang ditangkap oleh induk, dan mendukung coba lagi otomatis.

Kapan menggunakan sub-orkestrasi

Gunakan sub-orkestrasi saat Anda perlu:

• Buat blok penyusun alur kerja yang dapat digunakan kembali: Ekstrak alur kerja multi-langkah ke orkestratornya sendiri sehingga beberapa orkestrasi induk dapat memanggilnya.
• Fan out orkestrasi secara paralel: Jadwalkan banyak instans orkestrator yang sama sekaligus dan tunggu hingga semuanya selesai.
• Atur alur kerja yang kompleks: Pecahkan orkestrasi besar menjadi potongan bernama yang dapat diuji alih-alih satu fungsi panjang.

Nota

Sub-orkestrasi harus didefinisikan dalam aplikasi yang sama dengan orkestrasi induk. Untuk memanggil orkestrasi di aplikasi lain, gunakan pola polling HTTP 202 sebagai gantinya. Untuk informasi selengkapnya, lihat Fitur HTTP.

Dalam artikel ini:

• Tentukan sub-orkestrasi — Contoh penyediaan perangkat tunggal
• Jalankan sub-orkestrasi secara paralel — Pola fan-out dengan ID instance yang bersifat deterministik

Important

Dukungan akan berakhir untuk model dalam proses pada 10 November 2026. Kami sangat menyarankan agar Anda memindahkan aplikasi Anda ke model pekerja terisolasi untuk dukungan penuh.

Nota

Di PowerShell, sub-orkestrasi hanya didukung di SDK mandiri: AzureFunctions.PowerShell.Durable.SDK. Untuk perbedaan antara SDK mandiri dan SDK bawaan warisan, lihat panduan migrasi.

Mendefinisikan sub-orkestrasi

Contoh berikut mengilustrasikan skenario IoT di mana beberapa perangkat perlu disiapkan. Fungsi ini mewakili alur kerja penyiapan yang berjalan untuk setiap perangkat:

C#

Model pekerja terisolasi

public static async Task DeviceProvisioningOrchestration(
    [OrchestrationTrigger] TaskOrchestrationContext context, string deviceId)
{
    // Step 1: Create an installation package in blob storage and return a SAS URL.
    Uri sasUrl = await context.CallActivityAsync<Uri>("CreateInstallationPackage", deviceId);

    // Step 2: Notify the device that the installation package is ready.
    await context.CallActivityAsync("SendPackageUrlToDevice", (deviceId, sasUrl));

    // Step 3: Wait for the device to acknowledge that it has downloaded the new package.
    await context.WaitForExternalEvent<bool>("DownloadCompletedAck");

    // Step 4: ...
}

Model dalam proses

public static async Task DeviceProvisioningOrchestration(
    [OrchestrationTrigger] IDurableOrchestrationContext context)
{
    string deviceId = context.GetInput<string>();

    // Step 1: Create an installation package in blob storage and return a SAS URL.
    Uri sasUrl = await context.CallActivityAsync<Uri>("CreateInstallationPackage", deviceId);

    // Step 2: Notify the device that the installation package is ready.
    await context.CallActivityAsync("SendPackageUrlToDevice", Tuple.Create(deviceId, sasUrl));

    // Step 3: Wait for the device to acknowledge that it has downloaded the new package.
    await context.WaitForExternalEvent<bool>("DownloadCompletedAck");

    // Step 4: ...
}

JavaScript

const df = require("durable-functions");

df.app.orchestration("deviceProvisioningOrchestration", function* (context) {
    const deviceId = context.df.getInput();

    // Step 1: Create an installation package in blob storage and return a SAS URL.
    const sasUrl = yield context.df.callActivity("createInstallationPackage", deviceId);

    // Step 2: Notify the device that the installation package is ready.
    yield context.df.callActivity("sendPackageUrlToDevice", { id: deviceId, url: sasUrl });

    // Step 3: Wait for the device to acknowledge that it has downloaded the new package.
    yield context.df.waitForExternalEvent("downloadCompletedAck");

    // Step 4: ...
});

Python

import azure.functions as func
import azure.durable_functions as df

def orchestrator_function(context: df.DurableOrchestrationContext):
    device_id = context.get_input()

    # Step 1: Create an installation package in blob storage and return a SAS URL.
    sas_url = yield context.call_activity("CreateInstallationPackage", device_id)

    # Step 2: Notify the device that the installation package is ready.
    yield context.call_activity("SendPackageUrlToDevice", { "id": device_id, "url": sas_url })

    # Step 3: Wait for the device to acknowledge that it has downloaded the new package.
    yield context.call_activity("DownloadCompletedAck")

    # Step 4: ...

PowerShell

param($Context)

$deviceId = $Context.Input

# Step 1: Create an installation package in blob storage and return a SAS URL.
$sasUrl = Invoke-DurableActivity -FunctionName "CreateInstallationPackage" -Input $deviceId

# Step 2: Notify the device that the installation package is ready.
$deviceInfo = @{
    id = $deviceId
    url = $sasUrl
}
Invoke-DurableActivity -FunctionName "SendPackageUrlToDevice" -Input $deviceInfo

# Step 3: Wait for the device to acknowledge that it has downloaded the new package.
Start-DurableExternalEventListener -EventName "DownloadCompletedAck"

# Step 4: ...

Java

@FunctionName("DeviceProvisioningOrchestration")
public void deviceProvisioningOrchestration(
        @DurableOrchestrationTrigger(name = "ctx") TaskOrchestrationContext ctx) {
    // Step 1: Create an installation package in blob storage and return a SAS URL.
    String deviceId = ctx.getInput(String.class);
    String blobUri = ctx.callActivity("CreateInstallPackage", deviceId, String.class).await();

    // Step 2: Notify the device that the installation package is ready.
    String[] args = { deviceId, blobUri };
    ctx.callActivity("SendPackageUrlToDevice", args).await();

    // Step 3: Wait for the device to acknowledge that it has downloaded the new package.
    ctx.waitForExternalEvent("DownloadCompletedAck").await();

    // Step 4: ...
}

C#

using Microsoft.DurableTask;

[DurableTask]
public class DeviceProvisioningOrchestration : TaskOrchestrator<string, object?>
{
    public override async Task<object?> RunAsync(TaskOrchestrationContext context, string deviceId)
    {
        // Step 1: Create an installation package in blob storage and return a SAS URL.
        Uri sasUrl = await context.CallActivityAsync<Uri>("CreateInstallationPackage", deviceId);

        // Step 2: Notify the device that the installation package is ready.
        await context.CallActivityAsync("SendPackageUrlToDevice", (deviceId, sasUrl.ToString()));

        // Step 3: Wait for the device to acknowledge that it has downloaded the new package.
        await context.WaitForExternalEvent<bool>("DownloadCompletedAck");

        // Step 4: ...
        return null;
    }
}

JavaScript

import { OrchestrationContext, TOrchestrator } from "@microsoft/durabletask-js";

const deviceProvisioningOrchestrator: TOrchestrator = async function* (
    ctx: OrchestrationContext,
    deviceId: string
): any {
    // Step 1: Create an installation package in blob storage and return a SAS URL.
    const sasUrl: string = yield ctx.callActivity(createInstallationPackage, deviceId);

    // Step 2: Notify the device that the installation package is ready.
    yield ctx.callActivity(sendPackageUrlToDevice, { id: deviceId, url: sasUrl });

    // Step 3: Wait for the device to acknowledge that it has downloaded the new package.
    yield ctx.waitForExternalEvent("DownloadCompletedAck");

    // Step 4: ...
};

Python

from durabletask import task

def device_provisioning_orchestrator(ctx: task.OrchestrationContext, device_id: str):
    # Step 1: Create an installation package in blob storage and return a SAS URL.
    sas_url = yield ctx.call_activity("create_installation_package", input=device_id)

    # Step 2: Notify the device that the installation package is ready.
    yield ctx.call_activity("send_package_url_to_device", input={"id": device_id, "url": sas_url})

    # Step 3: Wait for the device to acknowledge that it has downloaded the new package.
    yield ctx.wait_for_external_event("DownloadCompletedAck")

    # Step 4: ...

PowerShell

Sampel ini ditampilkan untuk .NET, JavaScript, Java, dan Python.

Java

import com.microsoft.durabletask.TaskOrchestration;
import com.microsoft.durabletask.TaskOrchestrationContext;

public class DeviceProvisioningOrchestration implements TaskOrchestration {
    @Override
    public void run(TaskOrchestrationContext ctx) {
        String deviceId = ctx.getInput(String.class);

        // Step 1: Create an installation package in blob storage and return a SAS URL.
        String blobUri = ctx.callActivity("CreateInstallPackage", deviceId, String.class).await();

        // Step 2: Notify the device that the installation package is ready.
        String[] args = { deviceId, blobUri };
        ctx.callActivity("SendPackageUrlToDevice", args).await();

        // Step 3: Wait for the device to acknowledge that it has downloaded the new package.
        ctx.waitForExternalEvent("DownloadCompletedAck").await();

        // Step 4: ...
    }
}

Fungsi orkestrator ini dapat berjalan mandiri untuk penyiapan perangkat satu kali, atau orkestrator induk dapat menjadwalkannya sebagai sub-orkestrasi menggunakan API call-sub-orchestrator .

Menjalankan sub-orkestrasi secara paralel

Contoh berikut menunjukkan orkestrator induk yang mencabangkan beberapa sub-orkestrasi secara paralel. Beberapa bahasa menggunakan ID instans anak deterministik (berasal dari ID instans induk ditambah indeks) untuk mencegah sub-orkestrasi duplikat pada pemutaran ulang.

C#

Model pekerja terisolasi

[Function("ProvisionNewDevices")]
public static async Task ProvisionNewDevices(
    [OrchestrationTrigger] TaskOrchestrationContext context)
{
    string[] deviceIds = await context.CallActivityAsync<string[]>("GetNewDeviceIds");

    // Run multiple device provisioning flows in parallel
    var provisioningTasks = new List<Task>();
    foreach (string deviceId in deviceIds)
    {
        Task provisionTask = context.CallSubOrchestratorAsync("DeviceProvisioningOrchestration", deviceId);
        provisioningTasks.Add(provisionTask);
    }

    await Task.WhenAll(provisioningTasks);

    // ...
}

Model dalam proses

[FunctionName("ProvisionNewDevices")]
public static async Task ProvisionNewDevices(
    [OrchestrationTrigger] IDurableOrchestrationContext context)
{
    string[] deviceIds = await context.CallActivityAsync<string[]>("GetNewDeviceIds");

    // Run multiple device provisioning flows in parallel
    var provisioningTasks = new List<Task>();
    foreach (string deviceId in deviceIds)
    {
        Task provisionTask = context.CallSubOrchestratorAsync("DeviceProvisioningOrchestration", deviceId);
        provisioningTasks.Add(provisionTask);
    }

    await Task.WhenAll(provisioningTasks);

    // ...
}

JavaScript

const df = require("durable-functions");

df.app.orchestration("provisionNewDevices", function* (context) {
    const deviceIds = yield context.df.callActivity("getNewDeviceIds");

    // Run multiple device provisioning flows in parallel
    const provisioningTasks = [];
    var id = 0;
    for (const deviceId of deviceIds) {
        const child_id = context.df.instanceId + `:${id}`;
        const provisionTask = context.df.callSubOrchestrator(
            "deviceProvisioningOrchestration",
            deviceId,
            child_id
        );
        provisioningTasks.push(provisionTask);
        id++;
    }

    yield context.df.Task.all(provisioningTasks);

    // ...
});

Python

import azure.functions as func
import azure.durable_functions as df

def orchestrator_function(context: df.DurableOrchestrationContext):

    device_IDs = yield context.call_activity("GetNewDeviceIds")

    # Run multiple device provisioning flows in parallel
    provisioning_tasks = []
    id_ = 0
    for device_id in device_IDs:
        child_id = f"{context.instance_id}:{id_}"
        provision_task = context.call_sub_orchestrator("DeviceProvisioningOrchestration", device_id, child_id)
        provisioning_tasks.append(provision_task)
        id_ += 1

    yield context.task_all(provisioning_tasks)

    # ...

PowerShell

param($Context)

$deviceIds = Invoke-DurableActivity -FunctionName "GetNewDeviceIds"

# Run multiple device setting up flows in parallel
$provisioningTasks = @()
for ($i = 0; $i -lt $deviceIds.Count; $i++) {
    $deviceId = $deviceIds[$i]
    $childId = "$($Context.InstanceId):$i"
    $provisionTask = Invoke-DurableSubOrchestrator `
        -FunctionName "DeviceProvisioningOrchestration" `
        -Input $deviceId `
        -InstanceId $childId `
        -NoWait
    $provisioningTasks += $provisionTask
}

Wait-DurableTask -Task $provisioningTasks

# ...

Java

@FunctionName("ProvisionNewDevices")
public void provisionNewDevices(
        @DurableOrchestrationTrigger(name = "ctx") TaskOrchestrationContext ctx) {
    List<?> deviceIDs = ctx.getInput(List.class);

    // Schedule each device provisioning sub-orchestration to run in parallel
    List<Task<Void>> parallelTasks = deviceIDs.stream()
        .map(device -> ctx.callSubOrchestrator("DeviceProvisioningOrchestration", device))
        .collect(Collectors.toList());

    // ...
}

Langkah berikutnya

Pelajari cara mengatur status orkestrasi kustom

• Penanganan kesalahan dan kompensasi
• Gambaran umum orkestrasi
• Mulai menggunakan Durable Task Scheduler

C#

using Microsoft.DurableTask;

[DurableTask]
public class ProvisionNewDevices : TaskOrchestrator<object?, object?>
{
    public override async Task<object?> RunAsync(TaskOrchestrationContext context, object? input)
    {
        string[] deviceIds = await context.CallActivityAsync<string[]>("GetNewDeviceIds");

        // Run multiple device provisioning flows in parallel
        var provisioningTasks = new List<Task>();
        foreach (string deviceId in deviceIds)
        {
            Task provisionTask = context.CallSubOrchestratorAsync("DeviceProvisioningOrchestration", deviceId);
            provisioningTasks.Add(provisionTask);
        }

        await Task.WhenAll(provisioningTasks);
        return null;
    }
}

JavaScript

import { OrchestrationContext, TOrchestrator, whenAll } from "@microsoft/durabletask-js";

const provisionNewDevices: TOrchestrator = async function* (ctx: OrchestrationContext): any {
    const deviceIds: string[] = yield ctx.callActivity(getNewDeviceIds);

    // Run multiple device provisioning flows in parallel
    const provisioningTasks = deviceIds.map((deviceId: string) =>
        ctx.callSubOrchestrator(deviceProvisioningOrchestrator, deviceId)
    );

    yield whenAll(provisioningTasks);
};

Python

from durabletask import task

def provision_new_devices(ctx: task.OrchestrationContext, _):
    device_ids = yield ctx.call_activity("get_new_device_ids")

    # Run multiple device provisioning flows in parallel
    provisioning_tasks = []
    for device_id in device_ids:
        provision_task = ctx.call_sub_orchestrator(device_provisioning_orchestrator, input=device_id)
        provisioning_tasks.append(provision_task)

    yield task.when_all(provisioning_tasks)

PowerShell

Sampel ini ditampilkan untuk .NET, JavaScript, Java, dan Python.

Java

import com.microsoft.durabletask.TaskOrchestration;
import com.microsoft.durabletask.TaskOrchestrationContext;

public class ProvisionNewDevices implements TaskOrchestration {
    @Override
    public void run(TaskOrchestrationContext ctx) {
        List<?> deviceIDs = ctx.getInput(List.class);

        // Schedule each device provisioning sub-orchestration to run in parallel
        List<Task<Void>> parallelTasks = deviceIDs.stream()
            .map(device -> ctx.callSubOrchestrator("DeviceProvisioningOrchestration", device))
            .collect(Collectors.toList());

        ctx.allOf(parallelTasks).await();
    }
}

Langkah berikutnya

Mulai menggunakan Durable Task SDK

• Penanganan kesalahan dan kompensasi
• Gambaran umum orkestrasi
• Mulai menggunakan Durable Task Scheduler