Langkah 4 - Jelajahi kode pencarian .NET
Dalam pelajaran sebelumnya, Anda menambahkan pencarian ke Aplikasi Web Statik. Pelajaran ini menyorot langkah-langkah penting yang membentuk integrasi. Jika Anda mencari contekan tentang cara mengintegrasikan pencarian ke aplikasi web Anda, artikel ini menjelaskan apa yang perlu Anda ketahui.
Aplikasi ini tersedia:
SDK Azure Azure.Search.Documents
Aplikasi Fungsi menggunakan Azure SDK untuk Azure AI Search:
- NuGet: Azure.Search.Documents
- Dokumentasi Referensi: Pustaka Klien
Aplikasi Fungsi mengautentikasi melalui SDK ke Azure AI Search API berbasis cloud menggunakan nama sumber daya, kunci sumber daya, dan nama indeks Anda. Rahasia disimpan dalam pengaturan Aplikasi Web Statis dan ditarik ke Fungsi sebagai variabel lingkungan.
Mengonfigurasi rahasia di file local.settings.json
{
"IsEncrypted": false,
"Values": {
"AzureWebJobsStorage": "",
"FUNCTIONS_WORKER_RUNTIME": "dotnet-isolated",
"SearchApiKey": "",
"SearchServiceName": "",
"SearchIndexName": "good-books"
},
"Host": {
"CORS": "*"
}
}
Fungsi Azure: Mencari katalog
SearchAPI mengambil istilah pencarian dan mencari di seluruh dokumen di Indeks Pencarian, mengembalikan daftar kecocokan.
Fungsi Azure menarik informasi konfigurasi Pencarian, dan memenuhi kueri.
using Azure;
using Azure.Core.Serialization;
using Azure.Search.Documents;
using Azure.Search.Documents.Models;
using Microsoft.Azure.Functions.Worker;
using Microsoft.Azure.Functions.Worker.Http;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging;
using System.Net;
using System.Text.Json;
using System.Text.Json.Serialization;
using WebSearch.Models;
using SearchFilter = WebSearch.Models.SearchFilter;
namespace WebSearch.Function
{
public class Search
{
private static string searchApiKey = Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable("SearchApiKey", EnvironmentVariableTarget.Process);
private static string searchServiceName = Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable("SearchServiceName", EnvironmentVariableTarget.Process);
private static string searchIndexName = Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable("SearchIndexName", EnvironmentVariableTarget.Process) ?? "good-books";
private readonly ILogger<Lookup> _logger;
public Search(ILogger<Lookup> logger)
{
_logger = logger;
}
[Function("search")]
public async Task<HttpResponseData> RunAsync(
[HttpTrigger(AuthorizationLevel.Anonymous, "post")] HttpRequestData req,
FunctionContext executionContext)
{
string requestBody = await new StreamReader(req.Body).ReadToEndAsync();
var data = JsonSerializer.Deserialize<RequestBodySearch>(requestBody);
// Azure AI Search
Uri serviceEndpoint = new($"https://{searchServiceName}.search.windows.net/");
SearchClient searchClient = new(
serviceEndpoint,
searchIndexName,
new AzureKeyCredential(searchApiKey)
);
SearchOptions options = new()
{
Size = data.Size,
Skip = data.Skip,
IncludeTotalCount = true,
Filter = CreateFilterExpression(data.Filters)
};
options.Facets.Add("authors");
options.Facets.Add("language_code");
SearchResults<SearchDocument> searchResults = searchClient.Search<SearchDocument>(data.SearchText, options);
var facetOutput = new Dictionary<string, IList<FacetValue>>();
foreach (var facetResult in searchResults.Facets)
{
facetOutput[facetResult.Key] = facetResult.Value
.Select(x => new FacetValue { value = x.Value.ToString(), count = x.Count })
.ToList();
}
// Data to return
var output = new SearchOutput
{
Count = searchResults.TotalCount,
Results = searchResults.GetResults().ToList(),
Facets = facetOutput
};
var response = req.CreateResponse(HttpStatusCode.Found);
// Serialize data
var serializer = new JsonObjectSerializer(
new JsonSerializerOptions(JsonSerializerDefaults.Web));
await response.WriteAsJsonAsync(output, serializer);
return response;
}
public static string CreateFilterExpression(List<SearchFilter> filters)
{
if (filters is null or { Count: <= 0 })
{
return null;
}
List<string> filterExpressions = new();
List<SearchFilter> authorFilters = filters.Where(f => f.field == "authors").ToList();
List<SearchFilter> languageFilters = filters.Where(f => f.field == "language_code").ToList();
List<string> authorFilterValues = authorFilters.Select(f => f.value).ToList();
if (authorFilterValues.Count > 0)
{
string filterStr = string.Join(",", authorFilterValues);
filterExpressions.Add($"{"authors"}/any(t: search.in(t, '{filterStr}', ','))");
}
List<string> languageFilterValues = languageFilters.Select(f => f.value).ToList();
foreach (var value in languageFilterValues)
{
filterExpressions.Add($"language_code eq '{value}'");
}
return string.Join(" and ", filterExpressions);
}
}
}
Klien: Mencari dari katalog
Panggil Fungsi Azure di klien React dengan kode berikut.
import React, { useEffect, useState } from 'react';
import axios from 'axios';
import CircularProgress from '@mui/material/CircularProgress';
import { useLocation, useNavigate } from "react-router-dom";
import Results from '../../components/Results/Results';
import Pager from '../../components/Pager/Pager';
import Facets from '../../components/Facets/Facets';
import SearchBar from '../../components/SearchBar/SearchBar';
import "./Search.css";
export default function Search() {
let location = useLocation();
const navigate = useNavigate();
const [ results, setResults ] = useState([]);
const [ resultCount, setResultCount ] = useState(0);
const [ currentPage, setCurrentPage ] = useState(1);
const [ q, setQ ] = useState(new URLSearchParams(location.search).get('q') ?? "*");
const [ top ] = useState(new URLSearchParams(location.search).get('top') ?? 8);
const [ skip, setSkip ] = useState(new URLSearchParams(location.search).get('skip') ?? 0);
const [ filters, setFilters ] = useState([]);
const [ facets, setFacets ] = useState({});
const [ isLoading, setIsLoading ] = useState(true);
let resultsPerPage = top;
useEffect(() => {
setIsLoading(true);
setSkip((currentPage-1) * top);
const body = {
q: q,
top: top,
skip: skip,
filters: filters
};
axios.post( '/api/search', body)
.then(response => {
console.log(JSON.stringify(response.data))
setResults(response.data.results);
setFacets(response.data.facets);
setResultCount(response.data.count);
setIsLoading(false);
} )
.catch(error => {
console.log(error);
setIsLoading(false);
});
}, [q, top, skip, filters, currentPage]);
// pushing the new search term to history when q is updated
// allows the back button to work as expected when coming back from the details page
useEffect(() => {
navigate('/search?q=' + q);
setCurrentPage(1);
setFilters([]);
// eslint-disable-next-line react-hooks/exhaustive-deps
}, [q]);
let postSearchHandler = (searchTerm) => {
//console.log(searchTerm);
setQ(searchTerm);
}
var body;
if (isLoading) {
body = (
<div className="col-md-9">
<CircularProgress />
</div>);
} else {
body = (
<div className="col-md-9">
<Results documents={results} top={top} skip={skip} count={resultCount}></Results>
<Pager className="pager-style" currentPage={currentPage} resultCount={resultCount} resultsPerPage={resultsPerPage} setCurrentPage={setCurrentPage}></Pager>
</div>
)
}
return (
<main className="main main--search container-fluid">
<div className="row">
<div className="col-md-3">
<div className="search-bar">
<SearchBar postSearchHandler={postSearchHandler} q={q}></SearchBar>
</div>
<Facets facets={facets} filters={filters} setFilters={setFilters}></Facets>
</div>
{body}
</div>
</main>
);
}
Fungsi Azure: Saran dari katalog
SuggestAPI mengambil istilah pencarian saat pengguna mengetik dan menyarankan istilah pencarian seperti judul buku dan penulis di seluruh dokumen dalam indeks pencarian, mengembalikan daftar kecil kecocokan.
Pemberi saran pencarian, sg, ditentukan dalam file skema yang digunakan selama pengunggahan massal.
using Azure;
using Azure.Core.Serialization;
using Azure.Search.Documents;
using Azure.Search.Documents.Models;
using Microsoft.Azure.Functions.Worker;
using Microsoft.Azure.Functions.Worker.Http;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging;
using System.Net;
using System.Text.Json;
using WebSearch.Models;
namespace WebSearch.Function
{
public class Suggest
{
private static string searchApiKey = Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable("SearchApiKey", EnvironmentVariableTarget.Process);
private static string searchServiceName = Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable("SearchServiceName", EnvironmentVariableTarget.Process);
private static string searchIndexName = Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable("SearchIndexName", EnvironmentVariableTarget.Process) ?? "good-books";
private readonly ILogger<Lookup> _logger;
public Suggest(ILogger<Lookup> logger)
{
_logger = logger;
}
[Function("suggest")]
public async Task<HttpResponseData> RunAsync(
[HttpTrigger(AuthorizationLevel.Anonymous, "post")] HttpRequestData req,
FunctionContext executionContext)
{
// Get Document Id
string requestBody = await new StreamReader(req.Body).ReadToEndAsync();
var data = JsonSerializer.Deserialize<RequestBodySuggest>(requestBody);
// Azure AI Search
Uri serviceEndpoint = new($"https://{searchServiceName}.search.windows.net/");
SearchClient searchClient = new(
serviceEndpoint,
searchIndexName,
new AzureKeyCredential(searchApiKey)
);
SuggestOptions options = new()
{
Size = data.Size
};
var suggesterResponse = await searchClient.SuggestAsync<BookModel>(data.SearchText, data.SuggesterName, options);
// Data to return
var searchSuggestions = new Dictionary<string, List<SearchSuggestion<BookModel>>>
{
["suggestions"] = suggesterResponse.Value.Results.ToList()
};
var response = req.CreateResponse(HttpStatusCode.Found);
// Serialize data
var serializer = new JsonObjectSerializer(
new JsonSerializerOptions(JsonSerializerDefaults.Web));
await response.WriteAsJsonAsync(searchSuggestions, serializer);
return response;
}
}
}
Klien: Saran dari katalog
API fungsi Suggest dipanggil di aplikasi React di \client\src\components\SearchBar\SearchBar.js sebagai bagian dari inisialisasi komponen:
import React, {useState, useEffect} from 'react';
import axios from 'axios';
import Suggestions from './Suggestions/Suggestions';
import "./SearchBar.css";
export default function SearchBar(props) {
let [q, setQ] = useState("");
let [suggestions, setSuggestions] = useState([]);
let [showSuggestions, setShowSuggestions] = useState(false);
const onSearchHandler = () => {
props.postSearchHandler(q);
setShowSuggestions(false);
}
const suggestionClickHandler = (s) => {
document.getElementById("search-box").value = s;
setShowSuggestions(false);
props.postSearchHandler(s);
}
const onEnterButton = (event) => {
if (event.keyCode === 13) {
onSearchHandler();
}
}
const onChangeHandler = () => {
var searchTerm = document.getElementById("search-box").value;
setShowSuggestions(true);
setQ(searchTerm);
// use this prop if you want to make the search more reactive
if (props.searchChangeHandler) {
props.searchChangeHandler(searchTerm);
}
}
useEffect(_ =>{
const timer = setTimeout(() => {
const body = {
q: q,
top: 5,
suggester: 'sg'
};
if (q === '') {
setSuggestions([]);
} else {
axios.post( '/api/suggest', body)
.then(response => {
console.log(JSON.stringify(response.data))
setSuggestions(response.data.suggestions);
} )
.catch(error => {
console.log(error);
setSuggestions([]);
});
}
}, 300);
return () => clearTimeout(timer);
}, [q, props]);
var suggestionDiv;
if (showSuggestions) {
suggestionDiv = (<Suggestions suggestions={suggestions} suggestionClickHandler={(s) => suggestionClickHandler(s)}></Suggestions>);
} else {
suggestionDiv = (<div></div>);
}
return (
<div >
<div className="input-group" onKeyDown={e => onEnterButton(e)}>
<div className="suggestions" >
<input
autoComplete="off" // setting for browsers; not the app
type="text"
id="search-box"
className="form-control rounded-0"
placeholder="What are you looking for?"
onChange={onChangeHandler}
defaultValue={props.q}
onBlur={() => setShowSuggestions(false)}
onClick={() => setShowSuggestions(true)}>
</input>
{suggestionDiv}
</div>
<div className="input-group-btn">
<button className="btn btn-primary rounded-0" type="submit" onClick={onSearchHandler}>
Search
</button>
</div>
</div>
</div>
);
};
Fungsi Azure: Mendapatkan dokumen tertentu
LookupAPI mengambil ID dan mengembalikan objek dokumen dari Indeks Pencarian.
using Azure;
using Azure.Core.Serialization;
using Azure.Search.Documents;
using Azure.Search.Documents.Models;
using Microsoft.Azure.Functions.Worker;
using Microsoft.Azure.Functions.Worker.Http;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging;
using System.Net;
using System.Text.Json;
using WebSearch.Models;
namespace WebSearch.Function
{
public class Lookup
{
private static string searchApiKey = Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable("SearchApiKey", EnvironmentVariableTarget.Process);
private static string searchServiceName = Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable("SearchServiceName", EnvironmentVariableTarget.Process);
private static string searchIndexName = Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable("SearchIndexName", EnvironmentVariableTarget.Process) ?? "good-books";
private readonly ILogger<Lookup> _logger;
public Lookup(ILogger<Lookup> logger)
{
_logger = logger;
}
[Function("lookup")]
public async Task<HttpResponseData> RunAsync(
[HttpTrigger(AuthorizationLevel.Anonymous, "get", "post")] HttpRequestData req,
FunctionContext executionContext)
{
// Get Document Id
var query = System.Web.HttpUtility.ParseQueryString(req.Url.Query);
string documentId = query["id"].ToString();
// Azure AI Search
Uri serviceEndpoint = new($"https://{searchServiceName}.search.windows.net/");
SearchClient searchClient = new(
serviceEndpoint,
searchIndexName,
new AzureKeyCredential(searchApiKey)
);
var getDocumentResponse = await searchClient.GetDocumentAsync<SearchDocument>(documentId);
// Data to return
var output = new LookupOutput
{
Document = getDocumentResponse.Value
};
var response = req.CreateResponse(HttpStatusCode.Found);
response.Headers.Add("Content-Type", "application/json; charset=utf-8");
// Serialize data
var serializer = new JsonObjectSerializer(
new JsonSerializerOptions(JsonSerializerDefaults.Web));
await response.WriteAsJsonAsync(output, serializer);
return response;
}
}
}
Klien: Mendapatkan dokumen tertentu
API fungsi ini dipanggil di aplikasi React di \client\src\pages\Details\Detail.js sebagai bagian dari inisialisasi komponen:
import React, { useState, useEffect } from "react";
import { useParams } from 'react-router-dom';
import Rating from '@mui/material/Rating';
import CircularProgress from '@mui/material/CircularProgress';
import axios from 'axios';
import "./Details.css";
export default function Details() {
let { id } = useParams();
const [document, setDocument] = useState({});
const [selectedTab, setTab] = useState(0);
const [isLoading, setIsLoading] = useState(true);
useEffect(() => {
setIsLoading(true);
// console.log(id);
axios.get('/api/lookup?id=' + id)
.then(response => {
console.log(JSON.stringify(response.data))
const doc = response.data.document;
setDocument(doc);
setIsLoading(false);
})
.catch(error => {
console.log(error);
setIsLoading(false);
});
}, [id]);
// View default is loading with no active tab
let detailsBody = (<CircularProgress />),
resultStyle = "nav-link",
rawStyle = "nav-link";
if (!isLoading && document) {
// View result
if (selectedTab === 0) {
resultStyle += " active";
detailsBody = (
<div className="card-body">
<h5 className="card-title">{document.original_title}</h5>
<img className="image" src={document.image_url} alt="Book cover"></img>
<p className="card-text">{document.authors?.join('; ')} - {document.original_publication_year}</p>
<p className="card-text">ISBN {document.isbn}</p>
<Rating name="half-rating-read" value={parseInt(document.average_rating)} precision={0.1} readOnly></Rating>
<p className="card-text">{document.ratings_count} Ratings</p>
</div>
);
}
// View raw data
else {
rawStyle += " active";
detailsBody = (
<div className="card-body text-left">
<pre><code>
{JSON.stringify(document, null, 2)}
</code></pre>
</div>
);
}
}
return (
<main className="main main--details container fluid">
<div className="card text-center result-container">
<div className="card-header">
<ul className="nav nav-tabs card-header-tabs">
<li className="nav-item"><button className={resultStyle} onClick={() => setTab(0)}>Result</button></li>
<li className="nav-item"><button className={rawStyle} onClick={() => setTab(1)}>Raw Data</button></li>
</ul>
</div>
{detailsBody}
</div>
</main>
);
}
Model C# untuk mendukung aplikasi fungsi
Model berikut digunakan untuk mendukung fungsi dalam aplikasi ini.
using Azure.Search.Documents.Models;
using System.Text.Json.Serialization;
namespace WebSearch.Models
{
public class RequestBodyLookUp
{
[JsonPropertyName("id")]
public string Id { get; set; }
}
public class RequestBodySuggest
{
[JsonPropertyName("q")]
public string SearchText { get; set; }
[JsonPropertyName("top")]
public int Size { get; set; }
[JsonPropertyName("suggester")]
public string SuggesterName { get; set; }
}
public class RequestBodySearch
{
[JsonPropertyName("q")]
public string SearchText { get; set; }
[JsonPropertyName("skip")]
public int Skip { get; set; }
[JsonPropertyName("top")]
public int Size { get; set; }
[JsonPropertyName("filters")]
public List<SearchFilter> Filters { get; set; }
}
public class SearchFilter
{
public string field { get; set; }
public string value { get; set; }
}
public class FacetValue
{
public string value { get; set; }
public long? count { get; set; }
}
class SearchOutput
{
[JsonPropertyName("count")]
public long? Count { get; set; }
[JsonPropertyName("results")]
public List<SearchResult<SearchDocument>> Results { get; set; }
[JsonPropertyName("facets")]
public Dictionary<String, IList<FacetValue>> Facets { get; set; }
}
class LookupOutput
{
[JsonPropertyName("document")]
public SearchDocument Document { get; set; }
}
public class BookModel
{
public string id { get; set; }
public decimal? goodreads_book_id { get; set; }
public decimal? best_book_id { get; set; }
public decimal? work_id { get; set; }
public decimal? books_count { get; set; }
public string isbn { get; set; }
public string isbn13 { get; set; }
public string[] authors { get; set; }
public decimal? original_publication_year { get; set; }
public string original_title { get; set; }
public string title { get; set; }
public string language_code { get; set; }
public double? average_rating { get; set; }
public decimal? ratings_count { get; set; }
public decimal? work_ratings_count { get; set; }
public decimal? work_text_reviews_count { get; set; }
public decimal? ratings_1 { get; set; }
public decimal? ratings_2 { get; set; }
public decimal? ratings_3 { get; set; }
public decimal? ratings_4 { get; set; }
public decimal? ratings_5 { get; set; }
public string image_url { get; set; }
public string small_image_url { get; set; }
}
}