Bagikan melalui

Exception.StackTrace Properti

  • Referensi

Definisi

Ruang nama:
System
Rakitan:
System.Runtime.dll
Rakitan:
mscorlib.dll
Rakitan:
netstandard.dll
Sumber:
Exception.cs
Sumber:
Exception.cs
Sumber:
Exception.cs

Mendapatkan representasi string dari bingkai langsung pada tumpukan panggilan.

public:
 virtual property System::String ^ StackTrace { System::String ^ get(); };
public virtual string StackTrace { get; }
public virtual string? StackTrace { get; }
member this.StackTrace : string
Public Overridable ReadOnly Property StackTrace As String

Nilai Properti

String

String yang menjelaskan bingkai langsung tumpukan panggilan. Jika tidak ada pelacakan tumpukan yang tersedia (seperti sebelum melepas tumpukan dari throw pernyataan), nilainya adalah null.

Penerapan

StackTrace

Contoh

Contoh kode berikut melempar Exception dan kemudian menangkapnya dan menampilkan jejak tumpukan menggunakan StackTrace properti .

// Example for the Exception::HelpLink, Exception::Source,
// Exception::StackTrace, and Exception::TargetSite properties.
using namespace System;

namespace NDP_UE_CPP
{

   // Derive an exception; the constructor sets the HelpLink and 
   // Source properties.
   public ref class LogTableOverflowException: public Exception
   {
   private:
      static String^ overflowMessage = "The log table has overflowed.";

   public:
      LogTableOverflowException( String^ auxMessage, Exception^ inner )
         : Exception( String::Format( "{0} - {1}", overflowMessage, auxMessage ), inner )
      {
         this->HelpLink = "https://learn.microsoft.com";
         this->Source = "Exception_Class_Samples";
      }

   };

   public ref class LogTable
   {
   public:
      LogTable( int numElements )
      {
         logArea = gcnew array<String^>(numElements);
         elemInUse = 0;
      }


   protected:
      array<String^>^logArea;
      int elemInUse;

   public:

      // The AddRecord method throws a derived exception if 
      // the array bounds exception is caught.
      int AddRecord( String^ newRecord )
      {
         try
         {
            logArea[ elemInUse ] = newRecord;
            return elemInUse++;
         }
         catch ( Exception^ ex ) 
         {
            throw gcnew LogTableOverflowException( String::Format( "Record \"{0}\" was not logged.", newRecord ),ex );
         }

      }

   };


   // Create a log table and force an overflow.
   void ForceOverflow()
   {
      LogTable^ log = gcnew LogTable( 4 );
      try
      {
         for ( int count = 1; ; count++ )
         {
            log->AddRecord( String::Format( "Log record number {0}", count ) );

         }
      }
      catch ( Exception^ ex ) 
      {
         Console::WriteLine( "\nMessage ---\n{0}", ex->Message );
         Console::WriteLine( "\nHelpLink ---\n{0}", ex->HelpLink );
         Console::WriteLine( "\nSource ---\n{0}", ex->Source );
         Console::WriteLine( "\nStackTrace ---\n{0}", ex->StackTrace );
         Console::WriteLine( "\nTargetSite ---\n{0}", ex->TargetSite->ToString() );
      }

   }

}

int main()
{
   Console::WriteLine( "This example of \n   Exception::Message, \n"
   "   Exception::HelpLink, \n   Exception::Source, \n"
   "   Exception::StackTrace, and \n   Exception::"
   "TargetSite \ngenerates the following output." );
   NDP_UE_CPP::ForceOverflow();
}

/*
This example of
   Exception::Message,
   Exception::HelpLink,
   Exception::Source,
   Exception::StackTrace, and
   Exception::TargetSite
generates the following output.

Message ---
The log table has overflowed. - Record "Log record number 5" was not logged.

HelpLink ---
https://learn.microsoft.com

Source ---
Exception_Class_Samples

StackTrace ---
   at NDP_UE_CPP.LogTable.AddRecord(String newRecord)
   at NDP_UE_CPP.ForceOverflow()

TargetSite ---
Int32 AddRecord(System.String)
*/

// Example for the Exception.HelpLink, Exception.Source,
// Exception.StackTrace, and Exception.TargetSite properties.
using System;

namespace NDP_UE_CS
{
    // Derive an exception; the constructor sets the HelpLink and
    // Source properties.
    class LogTableOverflowException : Exception
    {
        const string overflowMessage = "The log table has overflowed.";

        public LogTableOverflowException(
            string auxMessage, Exception inner ) :
                base( String.Format( "{0} - {1}",
                    overflowMessage, auxMessage ), inner )
        {
            this.HelpLink = "https://learn.microsoft.com";
            this.Source = "Exception_Class_Samples";
        }
    }

    class LogTable
    {
        public LogTable( int numElements )
        {
            logArea = new string[ numElements ];
            elemInUse = 0;
        }

        protected string[ ] logArea;
        protected int       elemInUse;

        // The AddRecord method throws a derived exception if
        // the array bounds exception is caught.
        public    int       AddRecord( string newRecord )
        {
            try
            {
                logArea[ elemInUse ] = newRecord;
                return elemInUse++;
            }
            catch( Exception e )
            {
                throw new LogTableOverflowException(
                    String.Format( "Record \"{0}\" was not logged.",
                        newRecord ), e );
            }
        }
    }

    class OverflowDemo
    {
        // Create a log table and force an overflow.
        public static void Main()
        {
            LogTable log = new LogTable( 4 );

            Console.WriteLine(
                "This example of \n   Exception.Message, \n" +
                "   Exception.HelpLink, \n   Exception.Source, \n" +
                "   Exception.StackTrace, and \n   Exception." +
                "TargetSite \ngenerates the following output." );

            try
            {
                for( int count = 1; ; count++ )
                {
                    log.AddRecord(
                        String.Format(
                            "Log record number {0}", count ) );
                }
            }
            catch( Exception ex )
            {
                Console.WriteLine( "\nMessage ---\n{0}", ex.Message );
                Console.WriteLine(
                    "\nHelpLink ---\n{0}", ex.HelpLink );
                Console.WriteLine( "\nSource ---\n{0}", ex.Source );
                Console.WriteLine(
                    "\nStackTrace ---\n{0}", ex.StackTrace );
                Console.WriteLine(
                    "\nTargetSite ---\n{0}", ex.TargetSite );
            }
        }
    }
}

/*
This example of
   Exception.Message,
   Exception.HelpLink,
   Exception.Source,
   Exception.StackTrace, and
   Exception.TargetSite
generates the following output.

Message ---
The log table has overflowed. - Record "Log record number 5" was not logged.

HelpLink ---
https://learn.microsoft.com

Source ---
Exception_Class_Samples

StackTrace ---
   at NDP_UE_CS.LogTable.AddRecord(String newRecord)
   at NDP_UE_CS.OverflowDemo.Main()

TargetSite ---
Int32 AddRecord(System.String)
*/

// Example for the Exception.HelpLink, Exception.Source,
// Exception.StackTrace, and Exception.TargetSite properties.
open System
        
let overflowMessage = "The log table has overflowed."

// Derive an exception; the constructor sets the HelpLink and
// Source properties.
type LogTableOverflowException(auxMessage, inner) as this =
    inherit Exception($"%s{overflowMessage} - %s{auxMessage}", inner)

    do
        this.HelpLink <- "https://learn.microsoft.com"
        this.Source <- "Exception_Class_Samples"

type LogTable(numElements) =
    let logArea = Array.zeroCreate<string> numElements
    let mutable elemInUse = 0

    // The AddRecord method throws a derived exception if
    // the array bounds exception is caught.
    member this.AddRecord(newRecord) =
        try
            logArea[elemInUse] <- newRecord
            elemInUse <- elemInUse + 1
            elemInUse - 1 
        with e ->
            raise (LogTableOverflowException($"Record \"{newRecord}\" was not logged.", e) )

// Create a log table and force an overflow.
let log = LogTable 4 

printfn
    """This example of
   Exception.Message, 
   Exception.HelpLink, 
   Exception.Source, 
   Exception.StackTrace, and
   Exception.TargetSite 
   generates the following output."""

try
    for count = 1 to 1000000 do
        log.AddRecord $"Log record number {count}"
        |> ignore
with ex ->
    printfn $"\nMessage ---\n{ex.Message}"
    printfn $"\nHelpLink ---\n{ex.HelpLink}"
    printfn $"\nSource ---\n{ex.Source}"
    printfn $"\nStackTrace ---\n{ex.StackTrace}"
    printfn $"\nTargetSite ---\n{ex.TargetSite}"

// This example of
//    Exception.Message,
//    Exception.HelpLink,
//    Exception.Source,
//    Exception.StackTrace, and
//    Exception.TargetSite
// generates the following output.

// Message ---
// The log table has overflowed. - Record "Log record number 5" was not logged.

// HelpLink ---
// https://learn.microsoft.com

// Source ---
// Exception_Class_Samples

// StackTrace ---
//    at NDP_UE_FS.LogTable.AddRecord(String newRecord)
//    at <StartupCode$fs>.$NDP_UE_FS.main@()

// TargetSite ---
// Int32 AddRecord(System.String)

' Example for the Exception.HelpLink, Exception.Source,
' Exception.StackTrace, and Exception.TargetSite properties.
Namespace NDP_UE_VB

    ' Derive an exception; the constructor sets the HelpLink and 
    ' Source properties.
    Class LogTableOverflowException
        Inherits Exception

        Private Const overflowMessage As String = _
            "The log table has overflowed."
           
        Public Sub New( auxMessage As String, inner As Exception )
            MyBase.New( String.Format( "{0} - {1}", _
                overflowMessage, auxMessage ), inner )

            Me.HelpLink = "https://learn.microsoft.com"
            Me.Source = "Exception_Class_Samples"

        End Sub
    End Class

    Class LogTable
       
        Public Sub New(numElements As Integer)
            logArea = New String(numElements) {}
            elemInUse = 0
        End Sub
           
        Protected logArea() As String
        Protected elemInUse As Integer
           
        ' The AddRecord method throws a derived exception if 
        ' the array bounds exception is caught.
        Public Function AddRecord( newRecord As String ) As Integer

            Try
                Dim curElement as Integer = elemInUse
                logArea( elemInUse ) = newRecord
                elemInUse += 1
                Return curElement

            Catch ex As Exception
                Throw New LogTableOverflowException( _
                    String.Format( "Record ""{0}"" was not logged.", _
                        newRecord ), ex )
            End Try
        End Function ' AddRecord
    End Class

    Module OverflowDemo
       
        ' Create a log table and force an overflow.
        Sub Main( )
            Dim log As New LogTable( 4 )
              
            Console.WriteLine( "This example of " & vbCrLf & _
                "   Exception.Message, " & vbCrLf & _
                "   Exception.HelpLink, " & vbCrLf & _
                "   Exception.Source, " & vbCrLf & _
                "   Exception.StackTrace, and " & vbCrLf & _
                "   Exception.TargetSite " & vbCrLf & _
                "generates the following output." )
              
            Try
                Dim count As Integer = 0
                 
                Do
                    log.AddRecord( _
                        String.Format( "Log record number {0}", count ) )
                    count += 1
                Loop

            Catch ex As Exception
                Console.WriteLine( vbCrLf & _
                    "Message ---" & vbCrLf & ex.Message )
                Console.WriteLine( vbCrLf & _
                    "HelpLink ---" & vbCrLf & ex.HelpLink )
                Console.WriteLine( vbCrLf & _
                    "Source ---" & vbCrLf & ex.Source )
                Console.WriteLine( vbCrLf & _
                    "StackTrace ---" & vbCrLf & ex.StackTrace )
                Console.WriteLine( vbCrLf & "TargetSite ---" & _
                    vbCrLf & ex.TargetSite.ToString( ) )
            End Try
        End Sub

    End Module ' OverflowDemo
End Namespace ' NDP_UE_VB

' This example of
'    Exception.Message,
'    Exception.HelpLink,
'    Exception.Source,
'    Exception.StackTrace, and
'    Exception.TargetSite
' generates the following output.
' 
' Message ---
' The log table has overflowed. - Record "Log record number 5" was not logged.
' 
' HelpLink ---
' https://learn.microsoft.com
' 
' Source ---
' Exception_Class_Samples
' 
' StackTrace ---
'    at NDP_UE_VB.LogTable.AddRecord(String newRecord)
'    at NDP_UE_VB.OverflowDemo.Main()
' 
' TargetSite ---
' Int32 AddRecord(System.String)

Keterangan

Tumpukan eksekusi melacak semua metode yang sedang dieksekusi pada instan tertentu. Jejak panggilan metode disebut pelacakan tumpukan. Daftar jejak tumpukan menyediakan cara untuk mengikuti tumpukan panggilan ke nomor baris dalam metode di mana pengecualian terjadi.

Properti StackTrace mengembalikan bingkai tumpukan panggilan yang berasal dari lokasi tempat pengecualian dilemparkan. Anda dapat memperoleh informasi tentang bingkai tambahan dalam tumpukan panggilan dengan membuat instans System.Diagnostics.StackTrace baru kelas dan menggunakan metodenya StackTrace.ToString .

Runtime bahasa umum (CLR) memperbarui jejak tumpukan setiap kali pengecualian dilemparkan dalam kode aplikasi (dengan menggunakan throw kata kunci). Jika pengecualian ditumbuhi kembali dalam metode yang berbeda dari metode di mana awalnya dilemparkan, jejak tumpukan berisi kedua lokasi dalam metode di mana pengecualian awalnya dilemparkan, dan lokasi dalam metode di mana pengecualian ditumbuhi kembali. Jika pengecualian dilemparkan, dan kemudian ditumbuhi kembali, dalam metode yang sama, jejak tumpukan hanya berisi lokasi di mana pengecualian ditumbuhi kembali dan tidak menyertakan lokasi di mana pengecualian awalnya dilemparkan.

Properti StackTrace mungkin tidak melaporkan panggilan metode sebanyak yang diharapkan karena transformasi kode, seperti inlining, yang terjadi selama pengoptimalan.

Catatan Bagi Inheritor

Properti StackTrace ditimpa di kelas yang memerlukan kontrol atas konten atau format pelacakan tumpukan.

Secara default, jejak tumpukan ditangkap segera sebelum objek pengecualian dilemparkan. Gunakan StackTrace untuk mendapatkan informasi pelacakan tumpukan ketika tidak ada pengecualian yang dilemparkan.

Berlaku untuk

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