Cara: Mengikat Data ke Kontrol MaskedTextBox

Artikel
10/18/2023

Anda dapat mengikat data ke kontrol seperti yang MaskedTextBox Anda bisa ke kontrol Formulir Windows lainnya. Namun, jika format data Anda dalam database tidak cocok dengan format yang diharapkan oleh definisi masker Anda, Anda harus memformat ulang data. Prosedur berikut menunjukkan cara melakukan ini menggunakan Format peristiwa Binding dan Parse kelas untuk menampilkan nomor telepon terpisah dan bidang database ekstensi telepon sebagai satu bidang yang dapat diedit.

Prosedur berikut ini mengharuskan Anda memiliki akses ke database SQL Server dengan database sampel Northwind yang diinstal.

Untuk mengikat data ke kontrol MaskedTextBox

Buat proyek Formulir Windows baru.
Seret dua TextBox kontrol ke formulir Anda; beri nama FirstName dan LastName.
MaskedTextBox Seret kontrol ke formulir Anda; beri nama PhoneMask.
Atur Mask properti ke PhoneMask(000) 000-0000 x9999.

Tambahkan impor namespace berikut ke formulir.

using System.Data.SqlClient;

Imports System.Data.SqlClient

Klik kanan formulir dan pilih Tampilkan Kode. Tempatkan kode ini di mana saja di kelas formulir Anda.

Binding currentBinding, phoneBinding;  
DataSet employeesTable = new DataSet();  
SqlConnection sc;  
SqlDataAdapter dataConnect;  

private void Form1_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)  
{  
    DoMaskBinding();  
}  

private void DoMaskBinding()  
{  
    try  
    {  
        sc = new SqlConnection("Data Source=CLIENTUE;Initial Catalog=NORTHWIND;Integrated Security=SSPI");  
        sc.Open();  
    }  
    catch (Exception ex)  
    {  
        MessageBox.Show(ex.Message);  
        return;  
    }  

    dataConnect = new SqlDataAdapter("SELECT * FROM Employees", sc);  
    dataConnect.Fill(employeesTable, "Employees");  

    // Now bind MaskedTextBox to appropriate field. Note that we must create the Binding objects  
    // before adding them to the control - otherwise, we won't get a Format event on the
    // initial load.
    try  
    {  
        currentBinding = new Binding("Text", employeesTable, "Employees.FirstName");  
        firstName.DataBindings.Add(currentBinding);  

        currentBinding = new Binding("Text", employeesTable, "Employees.LastName");  
        lastName.DataBindings.Add(currentBinding);  

        phoneBinding =new Binding("Text", employeesTable, "Employees.HomePhone");  
        // We must add the event handlers before we bind, or the Format event will not get called  
        // for the first record.  
        phoneBinding.Format += new ConvertEventHandler(phoneBinding_Format);  
        phoneBinding.Parse += new ConvertEventHandler(phoneBinding_Parse);  
        phoneMask.DataBindings.Add(phoneBinding);  
    }  
    catch (Exception ex)  
    {  
        MessageBox.Show(ex.Message);  
        return;  
    }  
}

Dim WithEvents CurrentBinding, PhoneBinding As Binding  
Dim EmployeesTable As New DataSet()  
Dim sc As SqlConnection  
Dim DataConnect As SqlDataAdapter  

Private Sub Form1_Load(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles MyBase.Load  
    DoMaskedBinding()  
End Sub  

Private Sub DoMaskedBinding()  
    Try  
        sc = New SqlConnection("Data Source=SERVERNAME;Initial Catalog=NORTHWIND;Integrated Security=SSPI")  
        sc.Open()  
    Catch ex As Exception  
        MessageBox.Show(ex.Message)  
        Exit Sub  
    End Try  

    DataConnect = New SqlDataAdapter("SELECT * FROM Employees", sc)  
    DataConnect.Fill(EmployeesTable, "Employees")  

    ' Now bind MaskedTextBox to appropriate field. Note that we must create the Binding objects  
    ' before adding them to the control - otherwise, we won't get a Format event on the
    ' initial load.  
    Try  
        CurrentBinding = New Binding("Text", EmployeesTable, "Employees.FirstName")  
        firstName.DataBindings.Add(CurrentBinding)  
        CurrentBinding = New Binding("Text", EmployeesTable, "Employees.LastName")  
        lastName.DataBindings.Add(CurrentBinding)  
        PhoneBinding = New Binding("Text", EmployeesTable, "Employees.HomePhone")  
        PhoneMask.DataBindings.Add(PhoneBinding)  
    Catch ex As Exception  
        MessageBox.Show(ex.Message)  
        Application.Exit()  
    End Try  
End Sub

Tambahkan penanganan aktivitas untuk peristiwa dan Parse untuk menggabungkan dan memisahkan PhoneNumber bidang dan Extension dari terikat DataSet.Format

private void phoneBinding_Format(Object sender, ConvertEventArgs e)  
{  
    String ext;  

    DataRowView currentRow = (DataRowView)BindingContext[employeesTable, "Employees"].Current;  
    if (currentRow["Extension"] == null)
    {  
        ext = "";  
    } else
    {  
        ext = currentRow["Extension"].ToString();  
    }  

    e.Value = e.Value.ToString().Trim() + " x" + ext;  
}  

private void phoneBinding_Parse(Object sender, ConvertEventArgs e)  
{  
    String phoneNumberAndExt = e.Value.ToString();  

    int extIndex = phoneNumberAndExt.IndexOf("x");  
    String ext = phoneNumberAndExt.Substring(extIndex).Trim();  
    String phoneNumber = phoneNumberAndExt.Substring(0, extIndex).Trim();  

    //Get the current binding object, and set the new extension manually.
    DataRowView currentRow = (DataRowView)BindingContext[employeesTable, "Employees"].Current;  
    // Remove the "x" from the extension.  
    currentRow["Extension"] = ext.Substring(1);  

    //Return the phone number.  
    e.Value = phoneNumber;  
}

Private Sub PhoneBinding_Format(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As ConvertEventArgs) Handles PhoneBinding.Format  
    Dim Ext As String  

    Dim CurrentRow As DataRowView = CType(Me.BindingContext(EmployeesTable, "Employees").Current, DataRowView)  
    If (CurrentRow("Extension") Is Nothing) Then  
        Ext = ""  
    Else  
        Ext = CurrentRow("Extension").ToString()  
    End If  

    e.Value = e.Value.ToString().Trim() & " x" & Ext  
End Sub  

Private Sub PhoneBinding_Parse(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As ConvertEventArgs) Handles PhoneBinding.Parse  
    Dim PhoneNumberAndExt As String = e.Value.ToString()  

    Dim ExtIndex As Integer = PhoneNumberAndExt.IndexOf("x")  
    Dim Ext As String = PhoneNumberAndExt.Substring(ExtIndex).Trim()  
    Dim PhoneNumber As String = PhoneNumberAndExt.Substring(0, ExtIndex).Trim()  

    ' Get the current binding object, and set the new extension manually.
    Dim CurrentRow As DataRowView = CType(Me.BindingContext(EmployeesTable, "Employees").Current, DataRowView)  
    ' Remove the "x" from the extension.  
    CurrentRow("Extension") = CObj(Ext.Substring(1))  

    ' Return the phone number.  
    e.Value = PhoneNumber  
End Sub

Tambahkan dua Button kontrol ke formulir. Beri nama dan previousButtonnextButton. Klik dua kali setiap tombol untuk menambahkan Click penanganan aktivitas, dan isi penanganan aktivitas seperti yang ditunjukkan dalam contoh kode berikut.

private void previousButton_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)  
{  
    BindingContext[employeesTable, "Employees"].Position = BindingContext[employeesTable, "Employees"].Position - 1;  
}  

private void nextButton_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)  
{  
    BindingContext[employeesTable, "Employees"].Position = BindingContext[employeesTable, "Employees"].Position + 1;  
}

Private Sub PreviousButton_Click(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles PreviousButton.Click  
    Me.BindingContext(EmployeesTable, "Employees").Position = Me.BindingContext(EmployeesTable, "Employees").Position - 1  
End Sub  

Private Sub NextButton_Click(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles NextButton.Click  
    Me.BindingContext(EmployeesTable, "Employees").Position = Me.BindingContext(EmployeesTable, "Employees").Position + 1  
End Sub

Jalankan sampel. Edit data, dan gunakan tombol Sebelumnya dan Berikutnya untuk melihat bahwa data disimpan dengan benar ke DataSet.

Contoh

Contoh kode berikut adalah daftar kode lengkap yang dihasilkan dari menyelesaikan prosedur sebelumnya.

#pragma region Using directives

#using <System.dll>
#using <System.Data.dll>
#using <System.Drawing.dll>
#using <System.Windows.Forms.dll>
#using <System.Xml.dll>
#using <System.EnterpriseServices.dll>
#using <System.Transactions.dll>

using namespace System;
using namespace System::Collections::Generic;
using namespace System::ComponentModel;
using namespace System::Data;
using namespace System::Drawing;
using namespace System::Windows::Forms;
using namespace System::Data::SqlClient;

#pragma endregion

namespace MaskedTextBoxDataCSharp
{
    public ref class Form1 : public Form
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// Required designer variable.
        /// </summary>
    private:
        System::ComponentModel::IContainer^ components;

    public:
        Form1()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Clean up any resources being used.
        /// </summary>
    protected:
        ~Form1()
        {
            if (components != nullptr)
            {
                delete components;
            }
        }



#pragma region Windows Form Designer generated code

               /// <summary>
               /// Required method for Designer support - do not modify
               /// the contents of this method with the code editor.
               /// </summary>
    private:
        void InitializeComponent()
        {
            employeesTable = gcnew DataSet();
            components = nullptr;
            this->firstName = gcnew System::Windows::Forms::TextBox();
            this->lastName = gcnew System::Windows::Forms::TextBox();
            this->phoneMask = gcnew System::Windows::Forms::MaskedTextBox();
            this->previousButton = gcnew System::Windows::Forms::Button();
            this->nextButton = gcnew System::Windows::Forms::Button();
            this->SuspendLayout();
            //
            // firstName
            //
            this->firstName->Location = System::Drawing::Point(13, 14);
            this->firstName->Name = "firstName";
            this->firstName->Size = System::Drawing::Size(184, 20);
            this->firstName->TabIndex = 0;
            //
            // lastName
            //
            this->lastName->Location = System::Drawing::Point(204, 14);
            this->lastName->Name = "lastName";
            this->lastName->Size = System::Drawing::Size(184, 20);
            this->lastName->TabIndex = 1;
            //
            // phoneMask
            //
            this->phoneMask->Location = System::Drawing::Point(441, 14);
            this->phoneMask->Mask = "(009) 000-0000 x9999";
            this->phoneMask->Name = "phoneMask";
            this->phoneMask->Size = System::Drawing::Size(169, 20);
            this->phoneMask->TabIndex = 2;
            //
            // previousButton
            //
            this->previousButton->Location = System::Drawing::Point(630, 14);
            this->previousButton->Name = "previousButton";
            this->previousButton->TabIndex = 3;
            this->previousButton->Text = "Previous";
            this->previousButton->Click += gcnew System::EventHandler(this,&Form1::previousButton_Click);
            //
            // nextButton
            //
            this->nextButton->Location = System::Drawing::Point(723, 14);
            this->nextButton->Name = "nextButton";
            this->nextButton->TabIndex = 4;
            this->nextButton->Text = "Next";
            this->nextButton->Click += gcnew System::EventHandler(this,&Form1::nextButton_Click);
            //
            // Form1
            //
            this->AutoScaleBaseSize = System::Drawing::Size(5, 13);
            this->ClientSize = System::Drawing::Size(887, 46);
            this->Controls->Add(this->nextButton);
            this->Controls->Add(this->previousButton);
            this->Controls->Add(this->phoneMask);
            this->Controls->Add(this->lastName);
            this->Controls->Add(this->firstName);
            this->Name = "Form1";
            this->Text = "Form1";
            this->Load += gcnew System::EventHandler(this,&Form1::Form1_Load);
            this->ResumeLayout(false);
            this->PerformLayout();
        }

#pragma endregion

    private:
        System::Windows::Forms::TextBox^ firstName;
        System::Windows::Forms::TextBox^ lastName;
        System::Windows::Forms::MaskedTextBox^ phoneMask;
        System::Windows::Forms::Button^ previousButton;
        System::Windows::Forms::Button^ nextButton;

    private:
        Binding^ currentBinding;
        Binding^ phoneBinding;
        DataSet^ employeesTable;
        SqlConnection^ sc;
        SqlDataAdapter^ dataConnect;

    private:
        void Form1_Load(Object^ sender, EventArgs^ e)
        {
            DoMaskBinding();
        }

    private:
        void DoMaskBinding()
        {
            try
            {
                sc = gcnew SqlConnection("Data Source=localhost;" +
                    "Initial Catalog=NORTHWIND;Integrated Security=SSPI");
                sc->Open();
            }
            catch (Exception^ ex)
            {
                MessageBox::Show(ex->Message);
                return;
            }

            dataConnect = gcnew SqlDataAdapter("SELECT * FROM Employees", sc);
            dataConnect->Fill(employeesTable, "Employees");


            // Now bind MaskedTextBox to appropriate field. Note that we must
            // create the Binding objects before adding them to the control -
            // otherwise, we won't get a Format event on the initial load.
            try
            {
                currentBinding = gcnew Binding("Text", employeesTable,
                    "Employees.FirstName");
                firstName->DataBindings->Add(currentBinding);

                currentBinding = gcnew Binding("Text", employeesTable,
                    "Employees.LastName");
                lastName->DataBindings->Add(currentBinding);

                phoneBinding = gcnew Binding("Text", employeesTable, 
                    "Employees.HomePhone");
                // We must add the event handlers before we bind, or the
                // Format event will not get called for the first record.
                phoneBinding->Format += gcnew
                    ConvertEventHandler(this, &Form1::phoneBinding_Format);
                phoneBinding->Parse += gcnew
                    ConvertEventHandler(this, &Form1::phoneBinding_Parse);
                phoneMask->DataBindings->Add(phoneBinding);
            }
            catch (Exception^ ex)
            {
                MessageBox::Show(ex->Message);
                return;
            }
        }

    private:
        void phoneBinding_Format(Object^ sender, ConvertEventArgs^ e)
        {
            String^ ext;

            DataRowView^ currentRow = (DataRowView^) BindingContext[
                employeesTable, "Employees"]->Current;
                if (currentRow["Extension"] == nullptr)
                {
                    ext = "";
                }
                else
                {
                    ext = currentRow["Extension"]->ToString();
                }

                e->Value = e->Value->ToString()->Trim() + " x" + ext;
        }

    private:
        void phoneBinding_Parse(Object^ sender, ConvertEventArgs^ e)
        {
            String^ phoneNumberAndExt = e->Value->ToString();

            int extIndex = phoneNumberAndExt->IndexOf("x");
            String^ ext = phoneNumberAndExt->Substring(extIndex)->Trim();
            String^ phoneNumber = 
                phoneNumberAndExt->Substring(0, extIndex)->Trim();

            //Get the current binding object, and set the new extension 
            //manually.
            DataRowView^ currentRow = 
                (DataRowView^ ) BindingContext[employeesTable,
                "Employees"]->Current;
            // Remove the "x" from the extension.
            currentRow["Extension"] = ext->Substring(1);

            //Return the phone number.
            e->Value = phoneNumber;
        }

    private:
        void previousButton_Click(Object^ sender, EventArgs^ e)
        {
            BindingContext[employeesTable, "Employees"]->Position =
                BindingContext[employeesTable, "Employees"]->Position - 1;
        }

    private:
        void nextButton_Click(Object^ sender, EventArgs^ e)
        {
            BindingContext[employeesTable, "Employees"]->Position =
                BindingContext[employeesTable, "Employees"]->Position + 1;
        }
    };
}

[STAThread]
int main()
{
    Application::EnableVisualStyles();
    Application::Run(gcnew MaskedTextBoxDataCSharp::Form1());
}

#region Using directives

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using System.Data.SqlClient;

#endregion

namespace MaskedTextBoxDataCSharp
{
    partial class Form1 : Form
    {
        Binding currentBinding, phoneBinding;
        DataSet employeesTable = new DataSet();
        SqlConnection sc;
        SqlDataAdapter dataConnect;

        public Form1()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
        }

        private void Form1_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            DoMaskBinding();
        }

        private void DoMaskBinding()
        {
            try
            {
                sc = new SqlConnection("Data Source=localhost;Initial Catalog=NORTHWIND;Integrated Security=SSPI");
                sc.Open();
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                MessageBox.Show(ex.Message);
                return;
            }

            dataConnect = new SqlDataAdapter("SELECT * FROM Employees", sc);
            dataConnect.Fill(employeesTable, "Employees");

            // Now bind MaskedTextBox to appropriate field. Note that we must create the Binding objects
            // before adding them to the control - otherwise, we won't get a Format event on the
            // initial load.
            try
            {
                currentBinding = new Binding("Text", employeesTable, "Employees.FirstName");
                firstName.DataBindings.Add(currentBinding);

                currentBinding = new Binding("Text", employeesTable, "Employees.LastName");
                lastName.DataBindings.Add(currentBinding);

                phoneBinding =new Binding("Text", employeesTable, "Employees.HomePhone");
                // We must add the event handlers before we bind, or the Format event will not get called
                // for the first record.
                phoneBinding.Format += new ConvertEventHandler(phoneBinding_Format);
                phoneBinding.Parse += new ConvertEventHandler(phoneBinding_Parse);
                phoneMask.DataBindings.Add(phoneBinding);
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                MessageBox.Show(ex.Message);
                return;
            }
        }

        private void phoneBinding_Format(Object sender, ConvertEventArgs e)
        {
            String ext;

            DataRowView currentRow = (DataRowView)BindingContext[employeesTable, "Employees"].Current;
            if (currentRow["Extension"] == null)
            {
                ext = "";
            } else
            {
                ext = currentRow["Extension"].ToString();
            }

            e.Value = e.Value.ToString().Trim() + " x" + ext;
        }

        private void phoneBinding_Parse(Object sender, ConvertEventArgs e)
        {
            String phoneNumberAndExt = e.Value.ToString();

            int extIndex = phoneNumberAndExt.IndexOf("x");
            String ext = phoneNumberAndExt.Substring(extIndex).Trim();
            String phoneNumber = phoneNumberAndExt.Substring(0, extIndex).Trim();

            //Get the current binding object, and set the new extension manually.
            DataRowView currentRow = (DataRowView)BindingContext[employeesTable, "Employees"].Current;
            // Remove the "x" from the extension.
            currentRow["Extension"] = ext.Substring(1);

            //Return the phone number.
            e.Value = phoneNumber;
        }

        private void previousButton_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            BindingContext[employeesTable, "Employees"].Position = BindingContext[employeesTable, "Employees"].Position - 1;
        }

        private void nextButton_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            BindingContext[employeesTable, "Employees"].Position = BindingContext[employeesTable, "Employees"].Position + 1;
        }
    }
}

Imports System.Data.SqlClient

Public Class Form1
    Dim WithEvents CurrentBinding, PhoneBinding As Binding
    Dim EmployeesTable As New DataSet()
    Dim sc As SqlConnection
    Dim DataConnect As SqlDataAdapter

    Private Sub Form1_Load(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles MyBase.Load
        DoMaskedBinding()
    End Sub

    Private Sub DoMaskedBinding()
        Try
            sc = New SqlConnection("Data Source=localhost;Initial Catalog=NORTHWIND;Integrated Security=SSPI")
            sc.Open()
        Catch ex As Exception
            MessageBox.Show(ex.Message)
            Application.Exit()
        End Try

        DataConnect = New SqlDataAdapter("SELECT * FROM Employees", sc)
        DataConnect.Fill(EmployeesTable, "Employees")

        ' Now bind MaskedTextBox to appropriate field. Note that we must create the Binding objects
        ' before adding them to the control - otherwise, we won't get a Format event on the 
        ' initial load. 
        Try
            CurrentBinding = New Binding("Text", EmployeesTable, "Employees.FirstName")
            firstName.DataBindings.Add(CurrentBinding)
            CurrentBinding = New Binding("Text", EmployeesTable, "Employees.LastName")
            lastName.DataBindings.Add(CurrentBinding)
            PhoneBinding = New Binding("Text", EmployeesTable, "Employees.HomePhone")
            PhoneMask.DataBindings.Add(PhoneBinding)
        Catch ex As Exception
            MessageBox.Show(ex.Message)
            Application.Exit()
        End Try
    End Sub

    Private Sub PhoneBinding_Format(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As ConvertEventArgs) Handles PhoneBinding.Format
        Dim Ext As String

        Dim CurrentRow As DataRowView = CType(Me.BindingContext(EmployeesTable, "Employees").Current, DataRowView)
        If (CurrentRow("Extension") Is Nothing) Then
            Ext = ""
        Else
            Ext = CurrentRow("Extension").ToString()
        End If

        e.Value = e.Value.ToString().Trim() & " x" & Ext
    End Sub

    Private Sub PhoneBinding_Parse(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As ConvertEventArgs) Handles PhoneBinding.Parse
        Dim PhoneNumberAndExt As String = e.Value.ToString()

        Dim ExtIndex As Integer = PhoneNumberAndExt.IndexOf("x")
        Dim Ext As String = PhoneNumberAndExt.Substring(ExtIndex).Trim()
        Dim PhoneNumber As String = PhoneNumberAndExt.Substring(0, ExtIndex).Trim()

        ' Get the current binding object, and set the new extension manually. 
        Dim CurrentRow As DataRowView = CType(Me.BindingContext(EmployeesTable, "Employees").Current, DataRowView)
        ' Remove the "x" from the extension.
        CurrentRow("Extension") = CObj(Ext.Substring(1))

        ' Return the phone number.
        e.Value = PhoneNumber
    End Sub

    Private Sub NextButton_Click(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles NextButton.Click
        Me.BindingContext(EmployeesTable, "Employees").Position = Me.BindingContext(EmployeesTable, "Employees").Position + 1
    End Sub

    Private Sub PreviousButton_Click(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles PreviousButton.Click
        Me.BindingContext(EmployeesTable, "Employees").Position = Me.BindingContext(EmployeesTable, "Employees").Position - 1
    End Sub
End Class

Mengompilasi Kode

Buat proyek Visual C# atau Visual Basic.
TextBox Tambahkan kontrol dan MaskedTextBox ke formulir, seperti yang dijelaskan dalam prosedur sebelumnya.
Buka file kode sumber untuk formulir default proyek.
Ganti kode sumber dalam file ini dengan kode yang tercantum di bagian "Kode" sebelumnya.
Kompilasi aplikasi.

Bagikan melalui

Cara: Mengikat Data ke Kontrol MaskedTextBox

Untuk mengikat data ke kontrol MaskedTextBox

Contoh

Mengompilasi Kode

Baca juga

Saran dan Komentar

Sumber Daya Tambahan: