Cara: Membuat Add-In yang Mengembalikan UI

Contoh ini memperlihatkan cara membuat add-in yang mengembalikan Windows Presentation Foundation (WPF) ke aplikasi mandiri WPF host.

Add-in mengembalikan UI yang merupakan kontrol pengguna berbasis WPF. Konten kontrol pengguna adalah satu tombol yang, saat diklik, menampilkan kotak pesan. Aplikasi mandiri WPF menghosting add-in dan menampilkan kontrol pengguna (dikembalikan oleh add-in) sebagai konten jendela aplikasi utama.

Prasyarat

Contoh ini menyoroti ekstensi WPF ke model add-in .NET Framework yang mengaktifkan skenario ini, dan mengasumsikan hal berikut:

Pengetahuan tentang model add-in .NET Framework, termasuk pipeline (alur kerja), pengembangan add-in, dan pengembangan lingkungan host. Jika Anda tidak terbiasa dengan konsep-konsep ini, lihat Tambahan dan Keterluasan. Untuk tutorial yang menunjukkan implementasi alur, add-in, dan aplikasi host, lihat panduan : Membuat Aplikasi yang Dapat Diperluas.
Pengetahuan tentang ekstensi WPF untuk model add-in .NET Framework, yang dapat Anda temukan di sini: Gambaran Umum Add-Ins WPF.

Contoh

Untuk membuat add-in yang mengembalikan UI WPF memerlukan kode tertentu untuk setiap segmen alur, add-in, dan aplikasi host.

Menerapkan Segmen Jalur Kontrak

Metode harus didefinisikan oleh kontrak untuk mengembalikan Antarmuka Pengguna, dan nilai pengembaliannya harus bertipe INativeHandleContract. Ini ditunjukkan oleh metode GetAddInUI dari kontrak IWPFAddInContract pada kode berikut ini.

using System.AddIn.Contract;
using System.AddIn.Pipeline;

namespace Contracts
{
    /// <summary>
    /// Defines the services that an add-in will provide to a host application
    /// </summary>
    [AddInContract]
    public interface IWPFAddInContract : IContract
    {
        // Return a UI to the host application
        INativeHandleContract GetAddInUI();
    }
}


Imports System.AddIn.Contract
Imports System.AddIn.Pipeline

Namespace Contracts
    ''' <summary>
    ''' Defines the services that an add-in will provide to a host application
    ''' </summary>
    <AddInContract>
    Public Interface IWPFAddInContract
        Inherits IContract
        ' Return a UI to the host application
        Function GetAddInUI() As INativeHandleContract
    End Interface
End Namespace

Menerapkan Segmen Alur Tampilan Add-In

Karena add-in mengimplementasikan UI yang disediakannya sebagai subkelas FrameworkElement, metode pada tampilan add-in yang berkorelasi dengan IWPFAddInView.GetAddInUI harus mengembalikan nilai jenis FrameworkElement. Kode berikut menunjukkan representasi add-in dari kontrak, yang diimplementasikan sebagai antarmuka.

using System.AddIn.Pipeline;
using System.Windows;

namespace AddInViews
{
    /// <summary>
    /// Defines the add-in's view of the contract
    /// </summary>
    [AddInBase]
    public interface IWPFAddInView
    {
        // The add-in's implementation of this method will return
        // a UI type that directly or indirectly derives from
        // FrameworkElement.
        FrameworkElement GetAddInUI();
    }
}


Imports System.AddIn.Pipeline
Imports System.Windows

Namespace AddInViews
    ''' <summary>
    ''' Defines the add-in's view of the contract
    ''' </summary>
    <AddInBase>
    Public Interface IWPFAddInView
        ' The add-in's implementation of this method will return
        ' a UI type that directly or indirectly derives from 
        ' FrameworkElement.
        Function GetAddInUI() As FrameworkElement
    End Interface
End Namespace

Menerapkan Segmen Alur Adaptor Add-In-Side

Metode kontrak mengembalikan INativeHandleContract, tetapi add-in mengembalikan FrameworkElement (seperti yang ditentukan oleh tampilan add-in). Akibatnya, FrameworkElement harus dikonversi ke INativeHandleContract sebelum melewati batas isolasi. Pekerjaan ini dilakukan oleh adaptor sisi add-in dengan memanggil ViewToContractAdapter, seperti yang ditunjukkan dalam kode berikut.

using System.AddIn.Contract;
using System.AddIn.Pipeline;
using System.Windows;

using AddInViews;
using Contracts;

namespace AddInSideAdapters
{
    /// <summary>
    /// Adapts the add-in's view of the contract to the add-in contract
    /// </summary>
    [AddInAdapter]
    public class WPFAddIn_ViewToContractAddInSideAdapter : ContractBase, IWPFAddInContract
    {
        IWPFAddInView wpfAddInView;

        public WPFAddIn_ViewToContractAddInSideAdapter(IWPFAddInView wpfAddInView)
        {
            // Adapt the add-in view of the contract (IWPFAddInView)
            // to the contract (IWPFAddInContract)
            this.wpfAddInView = wpfAddInView;
        }

        public INativeHandleContract GetAddInUI()
        {
            // Convert the FrameworkElement from the add-in to an INativeHandleContract
            // that will be passed across the isolation boundary to the host application.
            FrameworkElement fe = this.wpfAddInView.GetAddInUI();
            INativeHandleContract inhc = FrameworkElementAdapters.ViewToContractAdapter(fe);
            return inhc;
        }
    }
}


Imports System.AddIn.Contract
Imports System.AddIn.Pipeline
Imports System.Windows

Imports AddInViews
Imports Contracts

Namespace AddInSideAdapters
    ''' <summary>
    ''' Adapts the add-in's view of the contract to the add-in contract
    ''' </summary>
    <AddInAdapter>
    Public Class WPFAddIn_ViewToContractAddInSideAdapter
        Inherits ContractBase
        Implements IWPFAddInContract
        Private wpfAddInView As IWPFAddInView

        Public Sub New(ByVal wpfAddInView As IWPFAddInView)
            ' Adapt the add-in view of the contract (IWPFAddInView) 
            ' to the contract (IWPFAddInContract)
            Me.wpfAddInView = wpfAddInView
        End Sub

        Public Function GetAddInUI() As INativeHandleContract Implements IWPFAddInContract.GetAddInUI
            ' Convert the FrameworkElement from the add-in to an INativeHandleContract 
            ' that will be passed across the isolation boundary to the host application.
            Dim fe As FrameworkElement = Me.wpfAddInView.GetAddInUI()
            Dim inhc As INativeHandleContract = FrameworkElementAdapters.ViewToContractAdapter(fe)
            Return inhc
        End Function
    End Class
End Namespace

Menerapkan Segmen Alur Tampilan Host

Karena aplikasi host akan menampilkan FrameworkElement, metode pada tampilan host yang berkorelasi dengan IWPFAddInHostView.GetAddInUI harus mengembalikan nilai jenis FrameworkElement. Kode berikut menunjukkan tampilan utama kontrak, yang diimplementasikan sebagai antarmuka.

using System.Windows;

namespace HostViews
{
    /// <summary>
    /// Defines the host's view of the add-in
    /// </summary>
    public interface IWPFAddInHostView
    {
        // The view returns as a class that directly or indirectly derives from
        // FrameworkElement and can subsequently be displayed by the host
        // application by embedding it as content or sub-content of a UI that is
        // implemented by the host application.
        FrameworkElement GetAddInUI();
    }
}


Imports System.Windows

Namespace HostViews
    ''' <summary>
    ''' Defines the host's view of the add-in
    ''' </summary>
    Public Interface IWPFAddInHostView
        ' The view returns as a class that directly or indirectly derives from 
        ' FrameworkElement and can subsequently be displayed by the host 
        ' application by embedding it as content or sub-content of a UI that is 
        ' implemented by the host application.
        Function GetAddInUI() As FrameworkElement
    End Interface
End Namespace

Menerapkan Segmen Alur Adaptor Host-Side

Metode kontrak mengembalikan INativeHandleContract, tetapi aplikasi host mengharapkan FrameworkElement (seperti yang ditentukan oleh tampilan host). Akibatnya, INativeHandleContract harus dikonversi ke FrameworkElement setelah melewati batas isolasi. Pekerjaan ini dilakukan oleh adaptor sisi host dengan memanggil ContractToViewAdapter, seperti yang ditunjukkan dalam kode berikut.

using System.AddIn.Contract;
using System.AddIn.Pipeline;
using System.Windows;

using Contracts;
using HostViews;

namespace HostSideAdapters
{
    /// <summary>
    /// Adapts the add-in contract to the host's view of the add-in
    /// </summary>
    [HostAdapter]
    public class WPFAddIn_ContractToViewHostSideAdapter : IWPFAddInHostView
    {
        IWPFAddInContract wpfAddInContract;
        ContractHandle wpfAddInContractHandle;

        public WPFAddIn_ContractToViewHostSideAdapter(IWPFAddInContract wpfAddInContract)
        {
            // Adapt the contract (IWPFAddInContract) to the host application's
            // view of the contract (IWPFAddInHostView)
            this.wpfAddInContract = wpfAddInContract;

            // Prevent the reference to the contract from being released while the
            // host application uses the add-in
            this.wpfAddInContractHandle = new ContractHandle(wpfAddInContract);
        }

        public FrameworkElement GetAddInUI()
        {
            // Convert the INativeHandleContract that was passed from the add-in side
            // of the isolation boundary to a FrameworkElement
            INativeHandleContract inhc = this.wpfAddInContract.GetAddInUI();
            FrameworkElement fe = FrameworkElementAdapters.ContractToViewAdapter(inhc);
            return fe;
        }
    }
}


Imports System.AddIn.Contract
Imports System.AddIn.Pipeline
Imports System.Windows

Imports Contracts
Imports HostViews

Namespace HostSideAdapters
    ''' <summary>
    ''' Adapts the add-in contract to the host's view of the add-in
    ''' </summary>
    <HostAdapter>
    Public Class WPFAddIn_ContractToViewHostSideAdapter
        Implements IWPFAddInHostView
        Private wpfAddInContract As IWPFAddInContract
        Private wpfAddInContractHandle As ContractHandle

        Public Sub New(ByVal wpfAddInContract As IWPFAddInContract)
            ' Adapt the contract (IWPFAddInContract) to the host application's
            ' view of the contract (IWPFAddInHostView)
            Me.wpfAddInContract = wpfAddInContract

            ' Prevent the reference to the contract from being released while the
            ' host application uses the add-in
            Me.wpfAddInContractHandle = New ContractHandle(wpfAddInContract)
        End Sub

        Public Function GetAddInUI() As FrameworkElement Implements IWPFAddInHostView.GetAddInUI
            ' Convert the INativeHandleContract that was passed from the add-in side
            ' of the isolation boundary to a FrameworkElement
            Dim inhc As INativeHandleContract = Me.wpfAddInContract.GetAddInUI()
            Dim fe As FrameworkElement = FrameworkElementAdapters.ContractToViewAdapter(inhc)
            Return fe
        End Function
    End Class
End Namespace

Menerapkan Add-In

Dengan adaptor sisi add-in dan tampilan add-in yang telah dibuat, add-in (WPFAddIn1.AddIn) harus mengimplementasikan metode IWPFAddInView.GetAddInUI untuk mengembalikan objek FrameworkElement (contohnya adalah UserControl). Implementasi UserControl, AddInUI, ditunjukkan oleh kode berikut.

    <UserControl
    xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
    xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
    x:Class="WPFAddIn1.AddInUI">
    
    <StackPanel>
        <Button Click="clickMeButton_Click" Content="Click Me!" />
    </StackPanel>
    
</UserControl>

using System.Windows;
using System.Windows.Controls;

namespace WPFAddIn1
{
    public partial class AddInUI : UserControl
    {
        public AddInUI()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
        }

        void clickMeButton_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            MessageBox.Show("Hello from WPFAddIn1");
        }
    }
}


Imports System.Windows
Imports System.Windows.Controls

Namespace WPFAddIn1
    Partial Public Class AddInUI
        Inherits UserControl
        Public Sub New()
            InitializeComponent()
        End Sub

        Private Sub clickMeButton_Click(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As RoutedEventArgs)
            MessageBox.Show("Hello from WPFAddIn1")
        End Sub
    End Class
End Namespace

Implementasi IWPFAddInView.GetAddInUI oleh add-in hanya perlu mengembalikan sebuah instans baru dari AddInUI, seperti yang ditunjukkan oleh kode berikut.

using System.AddIn;
using System.Windows;

using AddInViews;

namespace WPFAddIn1
{
    /// <summary>
    /// Add-In implementation
    /// </summary>
    [AddIn("WPF Add-In 1")]
    public class WPFAddIn : IWPFAddInView
    {
        public FrameworkElement GetAddInUI()
        {
            // Return add-in UI
            return new AddInUI();
        }
    }
}


Imports System.AddIn
Imports System.Windows

Imports AddInViews

Namespace WPFAddIn1
    ''' <summary>
    ''' Add-In implementation
    ''' </summary>
    <AddIn("WPF Add-In 1")>
    Public Class WPFAddIn
        Implements IWPFAddInView
        Public Function GetAddInUI() As FrameworkElement Implements IWPFAddInView.GetAddInUI
            ' Return add-in UI
            Return New AddInUI()
        End Function
    End Class
End Namespace

Menerapkan Aplikasi Host

Dengan adaptor sisi host dan tampilan host yang dibuat, aplikasi host dapat menggunakan model add-in .NET Framework untuk membuka alur, memperoleh tampilan host add-in, dan memanggil metode IWPFAddInHostView.GetAddInUI. Langkah-langkah ini ditampilkan dalam kode berikut.

// Get add-in pipeline folder (the folder in which this application was launched from)
string appPath = Environment.CurrentDirectory;

// Rebuild visual add-in pipeline
string[] warnings = AddInStore.Rebuild(appPath);
if (warnings.Length > 0)
{
    string msg = "Could not rebuild pipeline:";
    foreach (string warning in warnings) msg += "\n" + warning;
    MessageBox.Show(msg);
    return;
}

// Activate add-in with Internet zone security isolation
Collection<AddInToken> addInTokens = AddInStore.FindAddIns(typeof(IWPFAddInHostView), appPath);
AddInToken wpfAddInToken = addInTokens[0];
this.wpfAddInHostView = wpfAddInToken.Activate<IWPFAddInHostView>(AddInSecurityLevel.Internet);

// Get and display add-in UI
FrameworkElement addInUI = this.wpfAddInHostView.GetAddInUI();
this.addInUIHostGrid.Children.Add(addInUI);

' Get add-in pipeline folder (the folder in which this application was launched from)
Dim appPath As String = Environment.CurrentDirectory

' Rebuild visual add-in pipeline
Dim warnings() As String = AddInStore.Rebuild(appPath)
If warnings.Length > 0 Then
    Dim msg As String = "Could not rebuild pipeline:"
    For Each warning As String In warnings
        msg &= vbLf & warning
    Next warning
    MessageBox.Show(msg)
    Return
End If

' Activate add-in with Internet zone security isolation
Dim addInTokens As Collection(Of AddInToken) = AddInStore.FindAddIns(GetType(IWPFAddInHostView), appPath)
Dim wpfAddInToken As AddInToken = addInTokens(0)
Me.wpfAddInHostView = wpfAddInToken.Activate(Of IWPFAddInHostView)(AddInSecurityLevel.Internet)

' Get and display add-in UI
Dim addInUI As FrameworkElement = Me.wpfAddInHostView.GetAddInUI()
Me.addInUIHostGrid.Children.Add(addInUI)

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Last updated on 2025-05-07