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Cara: Mengurutkan Kolom GridView Saat Header Diklik

Contoh ini memperlihatkan cara membuat kontrol ListView yang mengimplementasikan mode tampilan GridView dan mengurutkan konten data saat pengguna mengklik header kolom.

Contoh

Contoh berikut menentukan GridView dengan tiga kolom yang mengikat Year, Month, dan Day, properti struktur DateTime.

<GridView>
  <GridViewColumn DisplayMemberBinding="{Binding Path=Year}"
                  Header="Year"
                  Width="100"/>
  <GridViewColumn DisplayMemberBinding="{Binding Path=Month}"
                  Header="Month"
                  Width="100"/>
  <GridViewColumn DisplayMemberBinding="{Binding Path=Day}"
                  Header="Day"
                  Width="100"/>
</GridView>

Contoh berikut menunjukkan elemen data yang didefinisikan sebagai ArrayList dari objek DateTime. ArrayList didefinisikan sebagai ItemsSource untuk kontrol ListView.

<ListView.ItemsSource>
  <s:ArrayList>
    <p:DateTime>1993/1/1 12:22:02</p:DateTime>
    <p:DateTime>1993/1/2 13:2:01</p:DateTime>
    <p:DateTime>1997/1/3 2:1:6</p:DateTime>
    <p:DateTime>1997/1/4 13:6:55</p:DateTime>
    <p:DateTime>1999/2/1 12:22:02</p:DateTime>
    <p:DateTime>1998/2/2 13:2:01</p:DateTime>
    <p:DateTime>2000/2/3 2:1:6</p:DateTime>
    <p:DateTime>2002/2/4 13:6:55</p:DateTime>
    <p:DateTime>2001/3/1 12:22:02</p:DateTime>
    <p:DateTime>2006/3/2 13:2:01</p:DateTime>
    <p:DateTime>2004/3/3 2:1:6</p:DateTime>
    <p:DateTime>2004/3/4 13:6:55</p:DateTime>
  </s:ArrayList>
</ListView.ItemsSource>

Pengidentifikasi s dan p di tag XAML mengacu pada pemetaan namespace yang ditentukan dalam metadata halaman XAML. Contoh berikut menunjukkan definisi metadata.

<Window
    xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
    xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
    x:Class="ListViewSort.Window1"
    xmlns:s="clr-namespace:System.Collections;assembly=mscorlib"
    xmlns:p="clr-namespace:System;assembly=mscorlib">

Untuk mengurutkan data sesuai dengan konten kolom, contoh menentukan penanganan aktivitas untuk menangani peristiwa Click yang terjadi saat Anda menekan tombol header kolom. Contoh berikut menunjukkan cara menentukan penanganan aktivitas untuk kontrol GridViewColumnHeader.

<ListView x:Name='lv' Height="150" HorizontalAlignment="Center"
  VerticalAlignment="Center"
  GridViewColumnHeader.Click="GridViewColumnHeaderClickedHandler"
>

Contoh menentukan penanganan aktivitas sehingga arah pengurutan berubah antara urutan naik dan urutan menurun setiap kali Anda menekan tombol header kolom. Contoh berikut menunjukkan pengendali acara.

public partial class Window1 : Window
{
    public Window1()
    {
        InitializeComponent();
    }

    GridViewColumnHeader _lastHeaderClicked = null;
    ListSortDirection _lastDirection = ListSortDirection.Ascending;

    void GridViewColumnHeaderClickedHandler(object sender,
                                            RoutedEventArgs e)
    {
        var headerClicked = e.OriginalSource as GridViewColumnHeader;
        ListSortDirection direction;

        if (headerClicked != null)
        {
            if (headerClicked.Role != GridViewColumnHeaderRole.Padding)
            {
                if (headerClicked != _lastHeaderClicked)
                {
                    direction = ListSortDirection.Ascending;
                }
                else
                {
                    if (_lastDirection == ListSortDirection.Ascending)
                    {
                        direction = ListSortDirection.Descending;
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        direction = ListSortDirection.Ascending;
                    }
                }

                var columnBinding = headerClicked.Column.DisplayMemberBinding as Binding;
                var sortBy = columnBinding?.Path.Path ?? headerClicked.Column.Header as string;

                Sort(sortBy, direction);

                if (direction == ListSortDirection.Ascending)
                {
                    headerClicked.Column.HeaderTemplate =
                      Resources["HeaderTemplateArrowUp"] as DataTemplate;
                }
                else
                {
                    headerClicked.Column.HeaderTemplate =
                      Resources["HeaderTemplateArrowDown"] as DataTemplate;
                }

                // Remove arrow from previously sorted header
                if (_lastHeaderClicked != null && _lastHeaderClicked != headerClicked)
                {
                    _lastHeaderClicked.Column.HeaderTemplate = null;
                }

                _lastHeaderClicked = headerClicked;
                _lastDirection = direction;
            }
        }
    }
}

Partial Public Class Window1
    Inherits Window
    Public Sub New()
        InitializeComponent()
    End Sub

    Private _lastHeaderClicked As GridViewColumnHeader = Nothing
    Private _lastDirection As ListSortDirection = ListSortDirection.Ascending

    Private Sub GridViewColumnHeaderClickedHandler(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As RoutedEventArgs)
        Dim headerClicked = TryCast(e.OriginalSource, GridViewColumnHeader)
        Dim direction As ListSortDirection

        If headerClicked IsNot Nothing Then
            If headerClicked.Role <> GridViewColumnHeaderRole.Padding Then
                If headerClicked IsNot _lastHeaderClicked Then
                    direction = ListSortDirection.Ascending
                Else
                    If _lastDirection = ListSortDirection.Ascending Then
                        direction = ListSortDirection.Descending
                    Else
                        direction = ListSortDirection.Ascending
                    End If
                End If

                Dim columnBinding = TryCast(headerClicked.Column.DisplayMemberBinding, Binding)
                Dim sortBy = If(columnBinding?.Path.Path, TryCast(headerClicked.Column.Header, String))

                Sort(sortBy, direction)

                If direction = ListSortDirection.Ascending Then
                    headerClicked.Column.HeaderTemplate = TryCast(Resources("HeaderTemplateArrowUp"), DataTemplate)
                Else
                    headerClicked.Column.HeaderTemplate = TryCast(Resources("HeaderTemplateArrowDown"), DataTemplate)
                End If

                ' Remove arrow from previously sorted header
                If _lastHeaderClicked IsNot Nothing AndAlso _lastHeaderClicked IsNot headerClicked Then
                    _lastHeaderClicked.Column.HeaderTemplate = Nothing
                End If

                _lastHeaderClicked = headerClicked
                _lastDirection = direction
            End If
        End If
    End Sub
End Class

Contoh berikut menunjukkan algoritma pengurutan yang dipanggil oleh penanganan aktivitas untuk mengurutkan data. Pengurutan dilakukan dengan membuat struktur SortDescription baru.

private void Sort(string sortBy, ListSortDirection direction)
{
    ICollectionView dataView =
      CollectionViewSource.GetDefaultView(lv.ItemsSource);

    dataView.SortDescriptions.Clear();
    SortDescription sd = new SortDescription(sortBy, direction);
    dataView.SortDescriptions.Add(sd);
    dataView.Refresh();
}

Private Sub Sort(ByVal sortBy As String, ByVal direction As ListSortDirection)
    Dim dataView As ICollectionView = CollectionViewSource.GetDefaultView(lv.ItemsSource)

    dataView.SortDescriptions.Clear()
    Dim sd As New SortDescription(sortBy, direction)
    dataView.SortDescriptions.Add(sd)
    dataView.Refresh()
End Sub

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