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Gaya dan Templat ListView

Topik ini menjelaskan gaya dan templat untuk kontrol ListView. Anda dapat mengubah ControlTemplate default untuk memberi kontrol tampilan yang unik. Untuk informasi selengkapnya, lihat Membuat templat untuk kontrol.

Daftar Bagian ListView

Kontrol ListView tidak memiliki bagian yang diberi nama.

Saat Anda membuat ControlTemplate untuk ListView, templat Anda mungkin berisi ItemsPresenter dalam ScrollViewer. (ItemsPresenter menampilkan setiap item di ListView; ScrollViewer memungkinkan pengguliran dalam kontrol tersebut). Jika ItemsPresenter bukan anak langsung dari ScrollViewer, Anda harus memberikan nama ItemsPresenter, ItemsPresenter.

Keadaan ListView

Tabel berikut mencantumkan status visual untuk kontrol ListView.

Nama dari VisualState Nama dari VisualStateGroup Deskripsi
Sah StatusValidasi Kontrol menggunakan kelas Validation dan properti terpasang Validation.HasError adalah false.
Fokus Tidak Valid StatusValidasi Properti terlampir Validation.HasError menunjukkan bahwa kontrol true memiliki fokus.
Tidak valid atau tidak terfokus StatusValidasi Properti terlampir Validation.HasError adalah true yang memiliki kontrol namun tidak memiliki fokus.

Bagian ListViewItem

Kontrol ListViewItem tidak memiliki bagian yang diberi nama.

Status Item Daftar

Tabel berikut mencantumkan status untuk kontrol ListViewItem.

Nama dari VisualState Nama dari VisualStateGroup Deskripsi
Biasa Negara-negara Umum Kondisi bawaan.
Penyandang Disabilitas Negara-negara Umum Kontrol dinonaktifkan.
Gerakkan cursor ke atas (MouseOver) Negara-negara Umum Penunjuk tetikus berada di atas kontrol ComboBox.
Terfokus FocusStates Pengendali sedang terfokus.
Tidak fokus FocusStates Elemen kendali tidak memiliki fokus.
Dipilih Status Pemilihan Item tersebut saat ini dipilih.
Tidak dipilih Status Pemilihan Item tidak dipilih.
DipilihTidak fokus Status Pemilihan Item dipilih, tetapi tidak memiliki fokus.
Sah StatusValidasi Kontrol menggunakan kelas Validation dan properti terpasang Validation.HasError adalah false.
Fokus Tidak Valid StatusValidasi Properti terlampir Validation.HasError menunjukkan bahwa kontrol true memiliki fokus.
Tidak valid atau tidak terfokus StatusValidasi Properti terlampir Validation.HasError adalah true yang memiliki kontrol namun tidak memiliki fokus.

Contoh ControlTemplate ListView

Contoh berikut menunjukkan cara menentukan ControlTemplate untuk kontrol ListView dan jenis terkaitnya.

<Style x:Key="{x:Static GridView.GridViewScrollViewerStyleKey}"
       TargetType="ScrollViewer">
  <Setter Property="Template">
    <Setter.Value>
      <ControlTemplate TargetType="ScrollViewer">
        <Grid Background="{TemplateBinding Background}">
          <Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
            <ColumnDefinition Width="*" />
            <ColumnDefinition Width="Auto" />
          </Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
          <Grid.RowDefinitions>
            <RowDefinition Height="*" />
            <RowDefinition Height="Auto" />
          </Grid.RowDefinitions>

          <DockPanel Margin="{TemplateBinding Padding}">
            <ScrollViewer DockPanel.Dock="Top"
                          HorizontalScrollBarVisibility="Hidden"
                          VerticalScrollBarVisibility="Hidden"
                          Focusable="false">
              <GridViewHeaderRowPresenter Margin="2,0,2,0"
                                          Columns="{Binding Path=TemplatedParent.View.Columns,
                RelativeSource={RelativeSource TemplatedParent}}"
                                          ColumnHeaderContainerStyle="{Binding
                Path=TemplatedParent.View.ColumnHeaderContainerStyle,
                RelativeSource={RelativeSource TemplatedParent}}"
                                          ColumnHeaderTemplate="{Binding
                Path=TemplatedParent.View.ColumnHeaderTemplate,
                RelativeSource={RelativeSource TemplatedParent}}"
                                          ColumnHeaderTemplateSelector="{Binding 
                Path=TemplatedParent.View.ColumnHeaderTemplateSelector,
                RelativeSource={RelativeSource TemplatedParent}}"
                                          AllowsColumnReorder="{Binding
                Path=TemplatedParent.View.AllowsColumnReorder,
                RelativeSource={RelativeSource TemplatedParent}}"
                                          ColumnHeaderContextMenu="{Binding
                Path=TemplatedParent.View.ColumnHeaderContextMenu,
                RelativeSource={RelativeSource TemplatedParent}}"
                                          ColumnHeaderToolTip="{Binding
                Path=TemplatedParent.View.ColumnHeaderToolTip,
                RelativeSource={RelativeSource TemplatedParent}}"
                                          SnapsToDevicePixels="{TemplateBinding
                SnapsToDevicePixels}" />
            </ScrollViewer>

            <ScrollContentPresenter Name="PART_ScrollContentPresenter"
                                    KeyboardNavigation.DirectionalNavigation="Local"
                                    CanContentScroll="True"
                                    CanHorizontallyScroll="False"
                                    CanVerticallyScroll="False" />
          </DockPanel>

          <ScrollBar Name="PART_HorizontalScrollBar"
                     Orientation="Horizontal"
                     Grid.Row="1"
                     Maximum="{TemplateBinding ScrollableWidth}"
                     ViewportSize="{TemplateBinding ViewportWidth}"
                     Value="{TemplateBinding HorizontalOffset}"
                     Visibility="{TemplateBinding ComputedHorizontalScrollBarVisibility}" />

          <ScrollBar Name="PART_VerticalScrollBar"
                     Grid.Column="1"
                     Maximum="{TemplateBinding ScrollableHeight}"
                     ViewportSize="{TemplateBinding ViewportHeight}"
                     Value="{TemplateBinding VerticalOffset}"
                     Visibility="{TemplateBinding ComputedVerticalScrollBarVisibility}" />

        </Grid>
      </ControlTemplate>
    </Setter.Value>
  </Setter>
</Style>

<Style x:Key="GridViewColumnHeaderGripper"
       TargetType="Thumb">
  <Setter Property="Width"
          Value="18" />
  <Setter Property="Background">
    <Setter.Value>
      <LinearGradientBrush StartPoint="0,0"
                           EndPoint="0,1">
        <LinearGradientBrush.GradientStops>
          <GradientStopCollection>
            <GradientStop Color="{DynamicResource BorderLightColor}"
                          Offset="0.0" />
            <GradientStop Color="{DynamicResource BorderDarkColor}"
                          Offset="1.0" />
          </GradientStopCollection>
        </LinearGradientBrush.GradientStops>
      </LinearGradientBrush>
    </Setter.Value>
  </Setter>
  <Setter Property="Template">
    <Setter.Value>
      <ControlTemplate TargetType="{x:Type Thumb}">
        <Border Padding="{TemplateBinding Padding}"
                Background="Transparent">
          <Rectangle HorizontalAlignment="Center"
                     Width="1"
                     Fill="{TemplateBinding Background}" />
        </Border>
      </ControlTemplate>
    </Setter.Value>
  </Setter>
  <Setter Property="BorderBrush">
    <Setter.Value>
      <LinearGradientBrush EndPoint="0.5,1"
                           StartPoint="0.5,0">
        <GradientStop Color="Black"
                      Offset="0" />
        <GradientStop Color="White"
                      Offset="1" />
      </LinearGradientBrush>
    </Setter.Value>
  </Setter>
</Style>

<Style x:Key="{x:Type GridViewColumnHeader}"
       TargetType="GridViewColumnHeader">
  <Setter Property="HorizontalContentAlignment"
          Value="Center" />
  <Setter Property="VerticalContentAlignment"
          Value="Center" />
  <Setter Property="Foreground"
          Value="{DynamicResource {x:Static SystemColors.ControlTextBrushKey}}" />
  <Setter Property="Template">
    <Setter.Value>
      <ControlTemplate TargetType="GridViewColumnHeader">
        <Grid>
          <VisualStateManager.VisualStateGroups>
            <VisualStateGroup x:Name="CommonStates">
              <VisualState x:Name="Normal" />
              <VisualState x:Name="MouseOver">
                <Storyboard>
                  <ColorAnimationUsingKeyFrames Storyboard.TargetProperty="(Panel.Background).
                    (GradientBrush.GradientStops)[1].(GradientStop.Color)"
                                                Storyboard.TargetName="HeaderBorder">
                    <EasingColorKeyFrame KeyTime="0"
                                         Value="{StaticResource ControlMouseOverColor}" />
                  </ColorAnimationUsingKeyFrames>
                </Storyboard>
              </VisualState>
              <VisualState x:Name="Pressed" />
              <VisualState x:Name="Disabled" />
            </VisualStateGroup>
          </VisualStateManager.VisualStateGroups>
          <Border x:Name="HeaderBorder"
                  BorderThickness="0,1,0,1"
                  Padding="2,0,2,0">
            <Border.BorderBrush>
              <LinearGradientBrush StartPoint="0,0"
                                   EndPoint="0,1">
                <LinearGradientBrush.GradientStops>
                  <GradientStopCollection>
                    <GradientStop Color="{DynamicResource BorderLightColor}"
                                  Offset="0.0" />
                    <GradientStop Color="{DynamicResource BorderDarkColor}"
                                  Offset="1.0" />
                  </GradientStopCollection>
                </LinearGradientBrush.GradientStops>
              </LinearGradientBrush>

            </Border.BorderBrush>
            <Border.Background>

              <LinearGradientBrush StartPoint="0,0"
                                   EndPoint="0,1">
                <LinearGradientBrush.GradientStops>
                  <GradientStopCollection>
                    <GradientStop Color="{DynamicResource ControlLightColor}"
                                  Offset="0.0" />
                    <GradientStop Color="{DynamicResource ControlMediumColor}"
                                  Offset="1.0" />
                  </GradientStopCollection>
                </LinearGradientBrush.GradientStops>
              </LinearGradientBrush>

            </Border.Background>
            <ContentPresenter x:Name="HeaderContent"
                              Margin="0,0,0,1"
                              RecognizesAccessKey="True"
                              VerticalAlignment="{TemplateBinding VerticalContentAlignment}"
                              HorizontalAlignment="{TemplateBinding HorizontalContentAlignment}"
                              SnapsToDevicePixels="{TemplateBinding SnapsToDevicePixels}"/>
          </Border>
          <Thumb x:Name="PART_HeaderGripper"
                 HorizontalAlignment="Right"
                 Margin="0,0,-9,0"
                 Style="{StaticResource GridViewColumnHeaderGripper}" />
        </Grid>
      </ControlTemplate>
    </Setter.Value>
  </Setter>
  <Style.Triggers>
    <Trigger Property="Role"
             Value="Floating">
      <Setter Property="Opacity"
              Value="0.7" />
      <Setter Property="Template">
        <Setter.Value>
          <ControlTemplate TargetType="GridViewColumnHeader">
            <Canvas Name="PART_FloatingHeaderCanvas">
              <Rectangle Fill="#60000000"
                         Width="{TemplateBinding ActualWidth}"
                         Height="{TemplateBinding ActualHeight}" />
            </Canvas>
          </ControlTemplate>
        </Setter.Value>
      </Setter>
    </Trigger>
    <Trigger Property="Role"
             Value="Padding">
      <Setter Property="Template">
        <Setter.Value>
          <ControlTemplate TargetType="GridViewColumnHeader">
            <Border Name="HeaderBorder"
                    BorderThickness="0,1,0,1">
              <Border.Background>
                <SolidColorBrush Color="{DynamicResource ControlLightColor}" />
              </Border.Background>
              <Border.BorderBrush>
                <LinearGradientBrush StartPoint="0,0"
                                     EndPoint="0,1">
                  <LinearGradientBrush.GradientStops>
                    <GradientStopCollection>
                      <GradientStop Color="{DynamicResource BorderLightColor}"
                                    Offset="0.0" />
                      <GradientStop Color="{DynamicResource BorderDarkColor}"
                                    Offset="1.0" />
                    </GradientStopCollection>
                  </LinearGradientBrush.GradientStops>
                </LinearGradientBrush>
              </Border.BorderBrush>
            </Border>
          </ControlTemplate>
        </Setter.Value>
      </Setter>
    </Trigger>
  </Style.Triggers>
</Style>

<Style x:Key="{x:Type ListView}"
       TargetType="ListView">
  <Setter Property="SnapsToDevicePixels"
          Value="true" />
  <Setter Property="OverridesDefaultStyle"
          Value="true" />
  <Setter Property="ScrollViewer.HorizontalScrollBarVisibility"
          Value="Auto" />
  <Setter Property="ScrollViewer.VerticalScrollBarVisibility"
          Value="Auto" />
  <Setter Property="ScrollViewer.CanContentScroll"
          Value="true" />
  <Setter Property="VerticalContentAlignment"
          Value="Center" />
  <Setter Property="Template">
    <Setter.Value>
      <ControlTemplate TargetType="ListView">
        <Border Name="Border"
                BorderThickness="1">
          <Border.Background>
            <SolidColorBrush Color="{StaticResource ControlLightColor}" />
          </Border.Background>
          <Border.BorderBrush>
            <SolidColorBrush Color="{StaticResource BorderMediumColor}" />
          </Border.BorderBrush>
          <ScrollViewer Style="{DynamicResource
                        {x:Static GridView.GridViewScrollViewerStyleKey}}">
            <ItemsPresenter />
          </ScrollViewer>
        </Border>
        <ControlTemplate.Triggers>
          <Trigger Property="IsGrouping"
                   Value="true">
            <Setter Property="ScrollViewer.CanContentScroll"
                    Value="false" />
          </Trigger>
          <Trigger Property="IsEnabled"
                   Value="false">
            <Setter TargetName="Border"
                    Property="Background">
              <Setter.Value>
                <SolidColorBrush Color="{DynamicResource DisabledBorderLightColor}" />
              </Setter.Value>
            </Setter>
          </Trigger>
        </ControlTemplate.Triggers>
      </ControlTemplate>
    </Setter.Value>
  </Setter>
</Style>

<Style x:Key="{x:Type ListViewItem}"
       TargetType="ListViewItem">
  <Setter Property="SnapsToDevicePixels"
          Value="true" />
  <Setter Property="OverridesDefaultStyle"
          Value="true" />
  <Setter Property="Template">
    <Setter.Value>
      <ControlTemplate TargetType="ListBoxItem">
        <Border x:Name="Border"
                Padding="2"
                SnapsToDevicePixels="true"
                Background="Transparent">
          <VisualStateManager.VisualStateGroups>
            <VisualStateGroup x:Name="CommonStates">
              <VisualState x:Name="Normal" />
              <VisualState x:Name="MouseOver" />
              <VisualState x:Name="Disabled" />
            </VisualStateGroup>
            <VisualStateGroup x:Name="SelectionStates">
              <VisualState x:Name="Unselected" />
              <VisualState x:Name="Selected">
                <Storyboard>
                  <ColorAnimationUsingKeyFrames Storyboard.TargetName="Border"
                                                Storyboard.TargetProperty="(Panel.Background).
                    (SolidColorBrush.Color)">
                    <EasingColorKeyFrame KeyTime="0"
                                         Value="{StaticResource SelectedBackgroundColor}" />
                  </ColorAnimationUsingKeyFrames>
                </Storyboard>
              </VisualState>
              <VisualState x:Name="SelectedUnfocused">
                <Storyboard>
                  <ColorAnimationUsingKeyFrames Storyboard.TargetName="Border"
                                                Storyboard.TargetProperty="(Panel.Background).
                    (SolidColorBrush.Color)">
                    <EasingColorKeyFrame KeyTime="0"
                                         Value="{StaticResource SelectedUnfocusedColor}" />
                  </ColorAnimationUsingKeyFrames>
                </Storyboard>
              </VisualState>
            </VisualStateGroup>
          </VisualStateManager.VisualStateGroups>
          <GridViewRowPresenter VerticalAlignment="{TemplateBinding VerticalContentAlignment}" />
        </Border>
      </ControlTemplate>
    </Setter.Value>
  </Setter>
</Style>

Contoh ControlTemplate menggunakan satu atau beberapa sumber daya berikut.

<!--Control colors.-->
<Color x:Key="WindowColor">#FFE8EDF9</Color>
<Color x:Key="ContentAreaColorLight">#FFC5CBF9</Color>
<Color x:Key="ContentAreaColorDark">#FF7381F9</Color>

<Color x:Key="DisabledControlLightColor">#FFE8EDF9</Color>
<Color x:Key="DisabledControlDarkColor">#FFC5CBF9</Color>
<Color x:Key="DisabledForegroundColor">#FF888888</Color>

<Color x:Key="SelectedBackgroundColor">#FFC5CBF9</Color>
<Color x:Key="SelectedUnfocusedColor">#FFDDDDDD</Color>

<Color x:Key="ControlLightColor">White</Color>
<Color x:Key="ControlMediumColor">#FF7381F9</Color>
<Color x:Key="ControlDarkColor">#FF211AA9</Color>

<Color x:Key="ControlMouseOverColor">#FF3843C4</Color>
<Color x:Key="ControlPressedColor">#FF211AA9</Color>


<Color x:Key="GlyphColor">#FF444444</Color>
<Color x:Key="GlyphMouseOver">sc#1, 0.004391443, 0.002428215, 0.242281124</Color>

<!--Border colors-->
<Color x:Key="BorderLightColor">#FFCCCCCC</Color>
<Color x:Key="BorderMediumColor">#FF888888</Color>
<Color x:Key="BorderDarkColor">#FF444444</Color>

<Color x:Key="PressedBorderLightColor">#FF888888</Color>
<Color x:Key="PressedBorderDarkColor">#FF444444</Color>

<Color x:Key="DisabledBorderLightColor">#FFAAAAAA</Color>
<Color x:Key="DisabledBorderDarkColor">#FF888888</Color>

<Color x:Key="DefaultBorderBrushDarkColor">Black</Color>

<!--Control-specific resources.-->
<Color x:Key="HeaderTopColor">#FFC5CBF9</Color>
<Color x:Key="DatagridCurrentCellBorderColor">Black</Color>
<Color x:Key="SliderTrackDarkColor">#FFC5CBF9</Color>

<Color x:Key="NavButtonFrameColor">#FF3843C4</Color>

<LinearGradientBrush x:Key="MenuPopupBrush"
                     EndPoint="0.5,1"
                     StartPoint="0.5,0">
  <GradientStop Color="{DynamicResource ControlLightColor}"
                Offset="0" />
  <GradientStop Color="{DynamicResource ControlMediumColor}"
                Offset="0.5" />
  <GradientStop Color="{DynamicResource ControlLightColor}"
                Offset="1" />
</LinearGradientBrush>

<LinearGradientBrush x:Key="ProgressBarIndicatorAnimatedFill"
                     StartPoint="0,0"
                     EndPoint="1,0">
  <LinearGradientBrush.GradientStops>
    <GradientStopCollection>
      <GradientStop Color="#000000FF"
                    Offset="0" />
      <GradientStop Color="#600000FF"
                    Offset="0.4" />
      <GradientStop Color="#600000FF"
                    Offset="0.6" />
      <GradientStop Color="#000000FF"
                    Offset="1" />
    </GradientStopCollection>
  </LinearGradientBrush.GradientStops>
</LinearGradientBrush>

Untuk mendapatkan sampel lengkap, lihat Contoh Pengaturan Gaya dengan Template Kontrol.

Lihat juga