Pengelolaan Data dengan Platform Invoke

Untuk memanggil fungsi yang diekspor dari pustaka yang tidak dikelola, aplikasi .NET Framework memerlukan prototipe fungsi dalam kode terkelola yang mewakili fungsi yang tidak dikelola. Untuk membuat prototipe yang memungkinkan platform menggunakan pemanggilan untuk mengelola data dengan benar, Anda harus melakukan hal berikut:

Terapkan DllImportAttribute atribut ke fungsi atau metode statis dalam kode terkelola.
Ganti jenis data terkelola untuk jenis data yang tidak dikelola.

Anda dapat menggunakan dokumentasi yang disediakan dengan fungsi yang tidak dikelola untuk membuat prototipe terkelola yang setara dengan menerapkan atribut dengan bidang opsionalnya dan mengganti jenis data terkelola untuk jenis yang tidak dikelola. Untuk instruksi tentang cara menerapkan DllImportAttribute, lihat Mengonsumsi Fungsi DLL Tidak Terkelola.

Bagian ini menyediakan sampel yang menunjukkan cara membuat prototipe fungsi terkelola untuk meneruskan argumen ke dan menerima nilai pengembalian dari fungsi yang diekspor oleh pustaka yang tidak dikelola. Sampel juga menunjukkan kapan harus menggunakan atribut MarshalAsAttribute dan kelas Marshal untuk secara eksplisit meneruskan data.

Jenis data untuk pemanggilan platform

Tabel berikut ini mencantumkan jenis data yang digunakan dalam API Windows dan fungsi gaya C. Banyak pustaka yang tidak dikelola berisi fungsi yang meneruskan jenis data ini sebagai parameter dan mengembalikan nilai. Kolom ketiga mencantumkan jenis nilai bawaan .NET Framework yang sesuai atau kelas yang Anda gunakan dalam kode terkelola. Dalam beberapa kasus, Anda dapat mengganti tipe dengan ukuran yang sama dengan tipe yang tercantum dalam tabel.

Jenis tidak terkelola di API Windows	Jenis bahasa C tidak terkelola	Jenis terkelola	Deskripsi
`VOID`	`void`	System.Void	Diterapkan ke fungsi yang tidak mengembalikan nilai.
`HANDLE`	`void *`	System.IntPtr atau System.UIntPtr	32 bit pada sistem operasi Windows 32-bit, 64 bit pada sistem operasi Windows 64-bit.
`BYTE`	`unsigned char`	System.Byte	8 bit
`SHORT`	`short`	System.Int16	16 bit
`WORD`	`unsigned short`	System.UInt16	16 bit
`INT`	`int`	System.Int32	32 bit
`UINT`	`unsigned int`	System.UInt32	32 bit
`LONG`	`long`	System.Int32	32 bit
`BOOL`	`long`	System.Boolean atau System.Int32	32 bit
`DWORD`	`unsigned long`	System.UInt32	32 bit
`ULONG`	`unsigned long`	System.UInt32	32 bit
`CHAR`	`char`	System.Char	Hiasi dengan menggunakan ANSI.
`WCHAR`	`wchar_t`	System.Char	Hiasi dengan Unicode.
`LPSTR`	`char *`	System.String atau System.Text.StringBuilder	Hiasi dengan menggunakan ANSI.
`LPCSTR`	`const char *`	System.String atau System.Text.StringBuilder	Hiasi dengan menggunakan ANSI.
`LPWSTR`	`wchar_t *`	System.String atau System.Text.StringBuilder	Hiasi dengan Unicode.
`LPCWSTR`	`const wchar_t *`	System.String atau System.Text.StringBuilder	Hiasi dengan Unicode.
`FLOAT`	`float`	System.Single	32 bit
`DOUBLE`	`double`	System.Double	64 bit

Untuk jenis yang sesuai di Visual Basic, C#, dan C++, lihat Pengenalan Pustaka Kelas .NET Framework.

PinvokeLib.dll

Kode berikut menentukan fungsi pustaka yang disediakan oleh PInvokeLib.dll. Banyak sampel yang dijelaskan di bagian ini menggunakan pustaka ini.

Contoh

// PInvokeLib.cpp : Defines the entry point for the DLL application.
//

#define PINVOKELIB_EXPORTS
#include "PInvokeLib.h"

#include <strsafe.h>
#include <objbase.h>
#include <stdio.h>

#pragma comment(lib,"ole32.lib")

BOOL APIENTRY DllMain( HANDLE hModule,
                       DWORD  ul_reason_for_call,
                       LPVOID lpReserved )
{
    switch (ul_reason_for_call)
    {
        case DLL_PROCESS_ATTACH:
        case DLL_THREAD_ATTACH:
        case DLL_THREAD_DETACH:
        case DLL_PROCESS_DETACH:
            break;
    }

    return TRUE;
}

//******************************************************************
// This is the constructor of a class that has been exported.
CTestClass::CTestClass()
{
    m_member = 1;
}

int CTestClass::DoSomething( int i )
{
    return i*i + m_member;
}

PINVOKELIB_API CTestClass* CreateTestClass()
{
    return new CTestClass();
}

PINVOKELIB_API void DeleteTestClass( CTestClass* instance )
{
    delete instance;
}

//******************************************************************
PINVOKELIB_API int TestArrayOfInts( int* pArray, int size )
{
    int result = 0;

    for ( int i = 0; i < size; i++ )
    {
        result += pArray[ i ];
        pArray[i] += 100;
    }
    return result;
}

//******************************************************************
PINVOKELIB_API int TestRefArrayOfInts( int** ppArray, int* pSize )
{
    int result = 0;

    // CoTaskMemAlloc must be used instead of the new operator
    // because code on the managed side will call Marshal.FreeCoTaskMem
    // to free this memory.

    int* newArray = (int*)CoTaskMemAlloc( sizeof(int) * 5 );

    for ( int i = 0; i < *pSize; i++ )
    {
        result += (*ppArray)[i];
    }

    for ( int j = 0; j < 5; j++ )
    {
        newArray[j] = (*ppArray)[j] + 100;
    }

    CoTaskMemFree( *ppArray );
    *ppArray = newArray;
    *pSize = 5;

    return result;
}

//******************************************************************
PINVOKELIB_API int TestMatrixOfInts( int pMatrix[][COL_DIM], int row )
{
    int result = 0;

    for ( int i = 0; i < row; i++ )
    {
        for ( int j = 0; j < COL_DIM; j++ )
        {
            result += pMatrix[i][j];
            pMatrix[i][j] += 100;
        }
    }
    return result;
}

//******************************************************************
PINVOKELIB_API int TestArrayOfStrings( char* ppStrArray[], int count )
{
    int result = 0;
    STRSAFE_LPSTR temp;
    size_t len;
    const size_t alloc_size = sizeof(char) * 10;

    for ( int i = 0; i < count; i++ )
    {
        len = 0;
        StringCchLengthA( ppStrArray[i], STRSAFE_MAX_CCH, &len );
        result += len;

        temp = (STRSAFE_LPSTR)CoTaskMemAlloc( alloc_size );
        StringCchCopyA( temp, alloc_size, (STRSAFE_LPCSTR)"123456789" );

       // CoTaskMemFree must be used instead of delete to free memory.

       CoTaskMemFree( ppStrArray[i] );
       ppStrArray[i] = (char *) temp;
   }

   return result;
}

//******************************************************************
PINVOKELIB_API int TestArrayOfStructs( MYPOINT* pPointArray, int size )
{
    int result = 0;
    MYPOINT* pCur = pPointArray;

    for ( int i = 0; i < size; i++ )
    {
        result += pCur->x + pCur->y;
        pCur->y = 0;
        pCur++;
    }

    return result;
}

//******************************************************************
PINVOKELIB_API int TestStructInStruct( MYPERSON2* pPerson2 )
{
    size_t len = 0;

    StringCchLengthA( pPerson2->person->last, STRSAFE_MAX_CCH, &len );
    len = sizeof(char) * ( len + 2 ) + 1;

    STRSAFE_LPSTR temp = (STRSAFE_LPSTR)CoTaskMemAlloc( len );
    StringCchCopyA( temp, len, (STRSAFE_LPSTR)"Mc" );
    StringCbCatA( temp, len, (STRSAFE_LPSTR)pPerson2->person->last );

    CoTaskMemFree( pPerson2->person->last );
    pPerson2->person->last = (char *)temp;

    return pPerson2->age;
}

//******************************************************************
PINVOKELIB_API int TestArrayOfStructs2( MYPERSON* pPersonArray, int size )
{
    int result = 0;
    MYPERSON* pCur = pPersonArray;
    STRSAFE_LPSTR temp;
    size_t len;

    for ( int i = 0; i < size; i++ )
    {
        len = 0;
        StringCchLengthA( pCur->first, STRSAFE_MAX_CCH, &len );
        len++;
        result += len;
        len = 0;
        StringCchLengthA( pCur->last, STRSAFE_MAX_CCH, &len );
        len++;
        result += len;

        len = sizeof(char) * ( len + 2 );
        temp = (STRSAFE_LPSTR)CoTaskMemAlloc( len );
        StringCchCopyA( temp, len, (STRSAFE_LPCSTR)"Mc" );
        StringCbCatA( temp, len, (STRSAFE_LPCSTR)pCur->last );
        result += 2;

        // CoTaskMemFree must be used instead of delete to free memory.
        CoTaskMemFree( pCur->last );
        pCur->last = (char *)temp;
        pCur++;
   }

   return result;
}

//******************************************************************
PINVOKELIB_API void TestStructInStruct3( MYPERSON3 person3 )
{
    printf( "\n\nperson passed by value:\n" );
    printf( "first = %s last = %s age = %i\n\n",
            person3.person.first,
            person3.person.last,
            person3.age );
}

//*********************************************************************
PINVOKELIB_API void TestUnion( MYUNION u, int type )
{
    if ( ( type != 1 ) && ( type != 2 ) )
    {
        return;
    }
    if ( type == 1 )
    {
        printf( "\n\ninteger passed: %i", u.i );
    }
    else if ( type == 2 )
    {
        printf( "\n\ndouble passed: %f", u.d );
    }
}

//******************************************************************
PINVOKELIB_API void TestUnion2( MYUNION2 u, int type )
{
    if ( ( type != 1 ) && ( type != 2 ) )
    {
        return;
    }
    if ( type == 1 )
    {
        printf( "\n\ninteger passed: %i", u.i );
    }
    else if ( type == 2 )
    {
        printf( "\n\nstring passed: %s", u.str );
    }
}

//******************************************************************
PINVOKELIB_API void TestCallBack( FPTR pf, int value )
{
    printf( "\nReceived value: %i", value );
    printf( "\nPassing to callback..." );
    bool res = (*pf)(value);

    if ( res )
    {
        printf( "Callback returned true.\n" );
    }
    else
    {
        printf( "Callback returned false.\n" );
    }
}

//******************************************************************
PINVOKELIB_API void TestCallBack2( FPTR2 pf2, char* value )
{
    printf( "\nReceived value: %s", value );
    printf( "\nPassing to callback..." );
    bool res = (*pf2)(value);

    if ( res )
    {
        printf( "Callback2 returned true.\n" );
    }
    else
    {
        printf( "Callback2 returned false.\n" );
    }
}

//******************************************************************
PINVOKELIB_API void TestStringInStruct( MYSTRSTRUCT* pStruct )
{
    wprintf( L"\nUnicode buffer content: %s\n", pStruct->buffer );

    // Assuming that the buffer is big enough.
    StringCbCatW( pStruct->buffer, pStruct->size, (STRSAFE_LPWSTR)L"++" );
}

//******************************************************************
PINVOKELIB_API void TestStringInStructAnsi( MYSTRSTRUCT2* pStruct )
{
    printf( "\nAnsi buffer content: %s\n", pStruct->buffer );

    // Assuming that the buffer is big enough.
    StringCbCatA( (STRSAFE_LPSTR) pStruct->buffer, pStruct->size, (STRSAFE_LPSTR)"++" );
}

//******************************************************************
PINVOKELIB_API void TestOutArrayOfStructs( int* pSize, MYSTRSTRUCT2** ppStruct )
{
    const int cArraySize = 5;
    *pSize = 0;
    *ppStruct = (MYSTRSTRUCT2*)CoTaskMemAlloc( cArraySize * sizeof( MYSTRSTRUCT2 ));

    if ( ppStruct != NULL )
    {
        MYSTRSTRUCT2* pCurStruct = *ppStruct;
        LPSTR buffer;
        *pSize = cArraySize;

        STRSAFE_LPCSTR teststr = "***";
        size_t len = 0;
        StringCchLengthA(teststr, STRSAFE_MAX_CCH, &len);
        len++;

        for ( int i = 0; i < cArraySize; i++, pCurStruct++ )
        {
            pCurStruct->size = len;
            buffer = (LPSTR)CoTaskMemAlloc( len );
            StringCchCopyA( buffer, len, teststr );
            pCurStruct->buffer = (char *)buffer;
        }
    }
}

//************************************************************************
PINVOKELIB_API char * TestStringAsResult()
{

    const size_t alloc_size = 64;
    STRSAFE_LPSTR result = (STRSAFE_LPSTR)CoTaskMemAlloc( alloc_size );
    STRSAFE_LPCSTR teststr = "This is return value";
    StringCchCopyA( result, alloc_size, teststr );

    return (char *) result;
}

//************************************************************************
PINVOKELIB_API void SetData( DataType typ, void* object )
{
    switch ( typ )
    {
        case DT_I2: printf( "Short %i\n", *((short*)object) ); break;
        case DT_I4: printf( "Long %i\n", *((long*)object) ); break;
        case DT_R4: printf( "Float %f\n", *((float*)object) ); break;
        case DT_R8: printf( "Double %f\n", *((double*)object) ); break;
        case DT_STR: printf( "String %s\n", (char*)object ); break;
        default: printf( "Unknown type" ); break;
    }
}

//************************************************************************
PINVOKELIB_API void TestArrayInStruct( MYARRAYSTRUCT* pStruct )
{
    pStruct->flag = true;
    pStruct->vals[0] += 100;
    pStruct->vals[1] += 100;
    pStruct->vals[2] += 100;
}

// PInvokeLib.h : The header file for the DLL application.
//

#pragma once

#define WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN
#include <windows.h>

// The following ifdef block is the standard way of creating macros which make exporting
// from a DLL simpler. All files within this DLL are compiled with the PINVOKELIB_EXPORTS
// symbol defined on the command line. this symbol should not be defined on any project
// that uses this DLL. This way any other project whose source files include this file see
// PINVOKELIB_API functions as being imported from a DLL, wheras this DLL sees symbols
// defined with this macro as being exported.
#ifdef PINVOKELIB_EXPORTS
#define PINVOKELIB_API __declspec(dllexport)
#else
#define PINVOKELIB_API __declspec(dllimport)
#endif

// Define the test structures

typedef struct _MYPOINT
{
    int x;
    int y;
} MYPOINT;

typedef struct _MYPERSON
{
    char* first;
    char* last;
} MYPERSON;

typedef struct _MYPERSON2
{
    MYPERSON* person;
    int age;
} MYPERSON2;

typedef struct _MYPERSON3
{
    MYPERSON person;
    int age;
} MYPERSON3;

union MYUNION
{
    int i;
    double d;
};

union MYUNION2
{
    int i;
    char str[128];
};

typedef struct _MYSTRSTRUCT
{
    wchar_t* buffer;
    UINT size;
} MYSTRSTRUCT;

typedef struct _MYSTRSTRUCT2
{
    char* buffer;
    UINT size;
} MYSTRSTRUCT2;

typedef struct _MYARRAYSTRUCT
{
    bool flag;
    int vals[3];
} MYARRAYSTRUCT;

// constants and pointer definitions

const int COL_DIM = 5;

typedef bool (CALLBACK *FPTR)( int i );

typedef bool (CALLBACK *FPTR2)( char* str );

// Data type codes
enum DataType
{
    DT_I2 = 1,
    DT_I4,
    DT_R4,
    DT_R8,
    DT_STR
};

// This is an exported class.
class PINVOKELIB_API CTestClass
{
public:
    CTestClass( void );
    int DoSomething( int i );

private:
    int m_member;
};

// Exports for PInvokeLib.dll

#ifdef __cplusplus
extern "C"
{
#endif

PINVOKELIB_API CTestClass* CreateTestClass();

PINVOKELIB_API void DeleteTestClass( CTestClass* instance );

PINVOKELIB_API int TestArrayOfInts( int* pArray, int size );

PINVOKELIB_API int TestRefArrayOfInts( int** ppArray, int* pSize );

PINVOKELIB_API int TestMatrixOfInts( int pMatrix[][COL_DIM], int row );

PINVOKELIB_API int TestArrayOfStrings( char* ppStrArray[], int size );

PINVOKELIB_API int TestArrayOfStructs( MYPOINT* pPointArray, int size );

PINVOKELIB_API int TestArrayOfStructs2( MYPERSON* pPersonArray, int size );

PINVOKELIB_API int TestStructInStruct( MYPERSON2* pPerson2 );

PINVOKELIB_API void TestStructInStruct3( MYPERSON3 person3 );

PINVOKELIB_API void TestUnion( MYUNION u, int type );

PINVOKELIB_API void TestUnion2( MYUNION2 u, int type );

PINVOKELIB_API void TestCallBack( FPTR pf, int value );

PINVOKELIB_API void TestCallBack2( FPTR2 pf2, char* value );

// buffer is an in/out param
PINVOKELIB_API void TestStringInStruct( MYSTRSTRUCT* pStruct );

// buffer is in/out param
PINVOKELIB_API void TestStringInStructAnsi( MYSTRSTRUCT2* pStruct );

PINVOKELIB_API void TestOutArrayOfStructs( int* pSize, MYSTRSTRUCT2** ppStruct );

PINVOKELIB_API char* TestStringAsResult();

PINVOKELIB_API void SetData( DataType typ, void* object );

PINVOKELIB_API void TestArrayInStruct( MYARRAYSTRUCT* pStruct );

#ifdef __cplusplus
}
#endif

Untuk memanggil fungsi pustaka dari kode terkelola, terapkan prototipe terkelola untuk setiap fungsi yang ingin Anda panggil. Jika kode yang tidak dikelola menggunakan jenis kustom apa pun, Anda juga harus mendeklarasikan jenis tersebut dalam kode terkelola Anda. Hiasi setiap prototipe dengan atribut DllImportAttribute, dan gunakan StructLayoutAttribute untuk mengontrol tata letak struktur terkelola sehingga cocok dengan padanan yang tidak dikelola.

Deklarasi jenis terkelola

Kode berikut menunjukkan jenis terkelola yang setara dari jenis tidak dikelola yang ditentukan dalam PInvokeLib.h. Setiap struktur menggunakan StructLayout untuk memastikan tata letak bidang cocok dengan tata letak yang tidak dikelola:

// Managed type declarations that correspond to the unmanaged types in PinvokeLib.dll.

[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
internal struct MyPoint
{
    public int x;
    public int y;
}

[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential, CharSet = CharSet.Ansi)]
internal struct MyPerson
{
    public string first;
    public string last;
}

[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
internal struct MyPerson2
{
    public IntPtr person; // Pointer to a MyPerson structure
    public int age;
}

[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
internal struct MyPerson3
{
    public MyPerson person; // Embedded MyPerson structure
    public int age;
}

[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Explicit)]
internal struct MyUnion
{
    [FieldOffset(0)] public int i;
    [FieldOffset(0)] public double d;
}

[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
internal struct MyArrayStruct
{
    public bool flag;

    [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValArray, SizeConst = 3)]
    public int[] vals;
}

' Managed type declarations that correspond to the unmanaged types in PinvokeLib.dll.

<StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)>
Friend Structure MyPoint
    Public x As Integer
    Public y As Integer
End Structure

<StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential, CharSet:=CharSet.Ansi)>
Friend Structure MyPerson
    Public first As String
    Public last As String
End Structure

<StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)>
Friend Structure MyPerson2
    Public person As IntPtr ' Pointer to a MyPerson structure
    Public age As Integer
End Structure

<StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)>
Friend Structure MyPerson3
    Public person As MyPerson ' Embedded MyPerson structure
    Public age As Integer
End Structure

<StructLayout(LayoutKind.Explicit)>
Friend Structure MyUnion
    <FieldOffset(0)> Public i As Integer
    <FieldOffset(0)> Public d As Double
End Structure

<StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)>
Friend Structure MyArrayStruct
    Public flag As Boolean

    <MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValArray, SizeConst:=3)>
    Public vals As Integer()
End Structure

Prototipe fungsi terkelola

Kode berikut menunjukkan DllImport deklarasi yang mengekspos fungsi yang tidak dikelola dari PinvokeLib.dll ke kode terkelola:

internal static class NativeMethods
{
    [DllImport("PinvokeLib.dll", CallingConvention = CallingConvention.Cdecl)]
    internal static extern int TestArrayOfInts(
        [In, Out] int[] array, int size);

    [DllImport("PinvokeLib.dll", CallingConvention = CallingConvention.Cdecl)]
    internal static extern int TestRefArrayOfInts(
        ref IntPtr array, ref int size);

    [DllImport("PinvokeLib.dll", CallingConvention = CallingConvention.Cdecl)]
    internal static extern int TestMatrixOfInts(
        [In, Out] int[,] matrix, int row);

    [DllImport("PinvokeLib.dll", CallingConvention = CallingConvention.Cdecl)]
    internal static extern int TestArrayOfStrings(
        [In, Out] string[] array, int size);

    [DllImport("PinvokeLib.dll", CallingConvention = CallingConvention.Cdecl)]
    internal static extern int TestArrayOfStructs(
        [In, Out] MyPoint[] pointArray, int size);

    [DllImport("PinvokeLib.dll", CallingConvention = CallingConvention.Cdecl)]
    internal static extern int TestArrayOfStructs2(
        [In, Out] MyPerson[] personArray, int size);

    [DllImport("PinvokeLib.dll", CallingConvention = CallingConvention.Cdecl)]
    internal static extern int TestStructInStruct(ref MyPerson2 person2);

    [DllImport("PinvokeLib.dll", CallingConvention = CallingConvention.Cdecl)]
    internal static extern void TestStructInStruct3(MyPerson3 person3);

    [DllImport("PinvokeLib.dll", CallingConvention = CallingConvention.Cdecl)]
    internal static extern void TestUnion(MyUnion u, int type);

    [DllImport("PinvokeLib.dll", CallingConvention = CallingConvention.Cdecl)]
    internal static extern void TestArrayInStruct(ref MyArrayStruct myStruct);
}

Friend Class NativeMethods
    <DllImport("PinvokeLib.dll", CallingConvention:=CallingConvention.Cdecl)>
    Friend Shared Function TestArrayOfInts(
        <[In], Out> ByVal array() As Integer, ByVal size As Integer) As Integer
    End Function

    <DllImport("PinvokeLib.dll", CallingConvention:=CallingConvention.Cdecl)>
    Friend Shared Function TestRefArrayOfInts(
        ByRef array As IntPtr, ByRef size As Integer) As Integer
    End Function

    <DllImport("PinvokeLib.dll", CallingConvention:=CallingConvention.Cdecl)>
    Friend Shared Function TestMatrixOfInts(
        <[In], Out> ByVal matrix(,) As Integer, ByVal row As Integer) As Integer
    End Function

    <DllImport("PinvokeLib.dll", CallingConvention:=CallingConvention.Cdecl)>
    Friend Shared Function TestArrayOfStrings(
        <[In], Out> ByVal array() As String, ByVal size As Integer) As Integer
    End Function

    <DllImport("PinvokeLib.dll", CallingConvention:=CallingConvention.Cdecl)>
    Friend Shared Function TestArrayOfStructs(
        <[In], Out> ByVal pointArray() As MyPoint, ByVal size As Integer) As Integer
    End Function

    <DllImport("PinvokeLib.dll", CallingConvention:=CallingConvention.Cdecl)>
    Friend Shared Function TestArrayOfStructs2(
        <[In], Out> ByVal personArray() As MyPerson, ByVal size As Integer) As Integer
    End Function

    <DllImport("PinvokeLib.dll", CallingConvention:=CallingConvention.Cdecl)>
    Friend Shared Function TestStructInStruct(
        ByRef person2 As MyPerson2) As Integer
    End Function

    <DllImport("PinvokeLib.dll", CallingConvention:=CallingConvention.Cdecl)>
    Friend Shared Sub TestStructInStruct3(ByVal person3 As MyPerson3)
    End Sub

    <DllImport("PinvokeLib.dll", CallingConvention:=CallingConvention.Cdecl)>
    Friend Shared Sub TestUnion(ByVal u As MyUnion, ByVal type As Integer)
    End Sub

    <DllImport("PinvokeLib.dll", CallingConvention:=CallingConvention.Cdecl)>
    Friend Shared Sub TestArrayInStruct(ByRef myStruct As MyArrayStruct)
    End Sub
End Class

Untuk contoh dan informasi selengkapnya, lihat artikel berikut:

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Last updated on 2026-03-12