Bagikan melalui

geo_distance_point_to_polygon()

Berlaku untuk: ✅Microsoft Fabric✅Azure Data Explorer✅Azure Monitor✅Microsoft Sentinel

Menghitung jarak terpendek antara koordinat dan poligon atau multipoligon di Bumi.

Sintaks

geo_distance_point_to_polygon(longitude,latitude,polygon)

Pelajari selengkapnya tentang konvensi sintaksis.

Parameter

Nama Tipe Wajib Deskripsi
Bujur real ✔️ Koordinat geospasial, nilai bujur dalam derajat. Nilai valid adalah bilangan real dan dalam rentang [-180, +180].
lintang real ✔️ Koordinat geospasial, nilai lintang dalam derajat. Nilai valid adalah bilangan real dan dalam rentang [-90, +90].
polygon dynamic ✔️ Poligon atau multipoligon dalam format GeoJSON.

Mengembalikan

Jarak terpendek, dalam meter, antara koordinat dan poligon atau multipoligon di Bumi. Jika poligon berisi titik, jaraknya akan menjadi 0. Jika koordinat atau poligon tidak valid, kueri akan menghasilkan hasil null.

Catatan

  • Koordinat geospasial diinterpretasikan sebagaimana diwakili oleh sistem referensi koordinat WGS-84.
  • Datum geodetik yang digunakan untuk pengukuran di Bumi adalah bola. Tepi poligon adalah geodesik pada bola.
  • Jika tepi poligon input adalah garis kartesius lurus, pertimbangkan untuk menggunakan geo_polygon_densify() untuk mengonversi tepi planar menjadi geodesik.

Definisi dan batasan poligon

dynamic({"type": "Polygon","coordinates": [LinearRingShell, LinearRingHole_1, ..., LinearRingHole_N]})

dynamic({"type": "MultiPolygon","coordinates": [[LinearRingShell, LinearRingHole_1,..., LinearRingHole_N],..., [LinearRingShell, LinearRingHole_1,..., LinearRingHole_M]]})

  • LinearRingShell diperlukan dan didefinisikan sebagai array berurutan koordinat counterclockwise [[lng_1,lat_1],...,[lng_i,lat_i],...,[lng_j,lat_j],...,[lng_1,lat_1]]. Hanya boleh ada satu shell.
  • LinearRingHole diperlukan dan didefinisikan sebagai array berurutan koordinat clockwise [[lng_1,lat_1],...,[lng_i,lat_i],...,[lng_j,lat_j],...,[lng_1,lat_1]]. Mungkin ada sejumlah cincin dan lubang interior.
  • Puncak LinearRing harus berbeda dengan setidaknya tiga koordinat. Koordinat pertama harus sama dengan yang terakhir. Setidaknya empat entri yang diperlukan.
  • Koordinat [garis bujur, garis lintang] harus valid. Bujur harus berupa bilangan real dalam rentang [-180, +180] dan garis lintang berupa menjadi bilangan real dalam rentang [-90, +90].
  • LinearRingShell menutup paling banyak setengah dari bola. LinearRing membagi bola menjadi dua wilayah. Yang lebih kecil dari dua wilayah akan dipilih.
  • Panjang tepi LinearRing harus kurang dari 180 derajat. Tepi terpendek antara dua puncak akan dipilih.
  • LinearRing tidak boleh bersilangan dan tidak boleh berbagi tepi. LinearRings dapat berbagi puncak.
  • Poligon belum tentu berisi puncaknya.

Tip

  • Menggunakan poligon harfiah dapat menghasilkan performa yang lebih baik.
  • Jika Anda ingin tahu apakah poligon berisi titik, lihat geo_point_in_polygon()

Contoh

Contoh berikut menghitung jarak terpendek dalam meter dari beberapa lokasi di NYC ke Central Park.

Menjalankan kueri

let central_park = dynamic({"type":"Polygon","coordinates":[[[-73.9495,40.7969],[-73.95807266235352,40.80068603561921],[-73.98201942443848,40.76825672305777],[-73.97317886352539,40.76455136505513],[-73.9495,40.7969]]]});
print geo_distance_point_to_polygon(-73.9839, 40.7705, central_park)

Hasil

print_0
259.940756070596

Contoh berikut memperkaya data dengan jarak.

Menjalankan kueri

let multipolygon = dynamic({"type":"MultiPolygon","coordinates":[[[[-73.991460000000131,40.731738000000206],[-73.992854491775518,40.730082566051351],[-73.996772,40.725432000000154],[-73.997634685522883,40.725786309886963],[-74.002855946639244,40.728346630056791],[-74.001413,40.731065000000207],[-73.996796995070824,40.73736378205173],[-73.991724524037934,40.735245208931886],[-73.990703782359589,40.734781896080477],[-73.991460000000131,40.731738000000206]]],[[[-73.958357552055688,40.800369095633819],[-73.98143901556422,40.768762584141953],[-73.981548752788598,40.7685590292784],[-73.981565335901905,40.768307084720796],[-73.981754418060945,40.768399727738668],[-73.982038573548124,40.768387823012056],[-73.982268248204349,40.768298621883247],[-73.982384797518051,40.768097213086911],[-73.982320919746599,40.767894461792181],[-73.982155532845766,40.767756204474757],[-73.98238873834039,40.767411004834273],[-73.993650353659021,40.772145571634361],[-73.99415893763998,40.772493009137818],[-73.993831082030937,40.772931787850908],[-73.993891252437052,40.772955194876722],[-73.993962585514595,40.772944653908901],[-73.99401262480508,40.772882846631894],[-73.994122058082397,40.77292405902601],[-73.994136652588594,40.772901870174394],[-73.994301342391154,40.772970028663913],[-73.994281535134448,40.77299380206933],[-73.994376552751078,40.77303955110149],[-73.994294029824005,40.773156243992048],[-73.995023275860802,40.773481196576356],[-73.99508939189289,40.773388475039134],[-73.995013963716758,40.773358035426909],[-73.995050284699261,40.773297153189958],[-73.996240651898916,40.773789791397689],[-73.996195837470992,40.773852356184044],[-73.996098807369748,40.773951805299085],[-73.996179459973888,40.773986954351571],[-73.996095245226442,40.774086186437756],[-73.995572265161172,40.773870731394297],[-73.994017424135961,40.77321375261053],[-73.993935876811335,40.773179512586211],[-73.993861942928888,40.773269531698837],[-73.993822393527211,40.773381758622882],[-73.993767019318497,40.773483981224835],[-73.993698463744295,40.773562141052594],[-73.993358326468751,40.773926888327956],[-73.992622663865575,40.774974056037109],[-73.992577842766124,40.774956016359418],[-73.992527743951555,40.775002110439829],[-73.992469745815342,40.775024159551755],[-73.992403837191887,40.775018140390664],[-73.99226708903538,40.775116033858794],[-73.99217809026365,40.775279293897171],[-73.992059084937338,40.775497598192516],[-73.992125372394938,40.775509075053385],[-73.992226867797001,40.775482211026116],[-73.992329346608813,40.775468900958522],[-73.992361756801131,40.775501899766638],[-73.992386042960277,40.775557180424634],[-73.992087684712729,40.775983970821372],[-73.990927174149746,40.777566878763238],[-73.99039616003671,40.777585065679204],[-73.989461267506471,40.778875124584417],[-73.989175778438053,40.779287524015778],[-73.988868617400072,40.779692922911607],[-73.988871874499793,40.779713738253008],[-73.989219022880576,40.779697895209402],[-73.98927785904425,40.779723439271038],[-73.989409054180143,40.779737706471963],[-73.989498614927044,40.779725044389757],[-73.989596493388234,40.779698146683387],[-73.989679812902509,40.779677568658038],[-73.989752702937935,40.779671244211556],[-73.989842247806507,40.779680752670664],[-73.990040102120489,40.779707677698219],[-73.990137977524839,40.779699769704784],[-73.99033584033225,40.779661794394983],[-73.990430598697046,40.779664973055503],[-73.990622199396725,40.779676064914298],[-73.990745069505479,40.779671328184051],[-73.990872114282197,40.779646007643876],[-73.990961672224358,40.779639683751753],[-73.991057472829539,40.779652352625774],[-73.991157429497036,40.779669775606465],[-73.991242817404469,40.779671367084504],[-73.991255318289745,40.779650782516491],[-73.991294887120119,40.779630209208889],[-73.991321967649895,40.779631796041372],[-73.991359455569423,40.779585883337383],[-73.991551059227476,40.779574821437407],[-73.99141982585985,40.779755280287233],[-73.988886144117032,40.779878898532999],[-73.988939656706265,40.779956178440393],[-73.988926103530844,40.780059292013632],[-73.988911680264692,40.780096037146606],[-73.988919261468567,40.780226094343945],[-73.988381050202634,40.780981074045783],[-73.988232413846987,40.781233144215555],[-73.988210420831663,40.781225482542055],[-73.988140000000143,40.781409000000224],[-73.988041288067166,40.781585961353777],[-73.98810029382463,40.781602878305286],[-73.988076449145055,40.781650935001608],[-73.988018059972219,40.781634188810422],[-73.987960792842145,40.781770987031535],[-73.985465811970457,40.785360700575431],[-73.986172704965611,40.786068452258647],[-73.986455862401996,40.785919219081421],[-73.987072345615601,40.785189638820121],[-73.98711901394276,40.785210319004058],[-73.986497781023601,40.785951202887254],[-73.986164628806279,40.786121882448327],[-73.986128422486075,40.786239001331111],[-73.986071135219746,40.786240706026611],[-73.986027274789123,40.786228964236727],[-73.986097637849426,40.78605822569795],[-73.985429321269592,40.785413942184597],[-73.985081137732209,40.785921935110366],[-73.985198833254501,40.785966552197777],[-73.985170502389906,40.78601333415817],[-73.985216218673656,40.786030501816427],[-73.98525509797993,40.785976205511588],[-73.98524273937646,40.785972572653328],[-73.98524962933017,40.785963139855845],[-73.985281779186749,40.785978620950075],[-73.985240032884533,40.786035858136792],[-73.985683885242182,40.786222123919686],[-73.985717529004575,40.786175994668795],[-73.985765660297687,40.786196274858618],[-73.985682871922691,40.786309786213067],[-73.985636270930442,40.786290150649279],[-73.985670722564691,40.786242911993817],[-73.98520511880038,40.786047669212785],[-73.985211035607492,40.786039554883686],[-73.985162639946992,40.786020999769754],[-73.985131636312062,40.786060297019972],[-73.985016964065125,40.78601423719563],[-73.984655078830457,40.786534741807841],[-73.985743787901043,40.786570082854738],[-73.98589227228328,40.786426529019593],[-73.985942854994988,40.786452847880334],[-73.985949561556794,40.78648711396653],[-73.985812373526713,40.786616865357047],[-73.985135209703174,40.78658761889551],[-73.984619428584324,40.786586016349787],[-73.981952458164173,40.790393724337193],[-73.972823037363767,40.803428052816756],[-73.971036786332192,40.805918478839672],[-73.966701,40.804169000000186],[-73.959647,40.801156000000113],[-73.958508540159471,40.800682279767472],[-73.95853274080838,40.800491362464697],[-73.958357552055688,40.800369095633819]]],[[[-73.943592454622546,40.782747908206574],[-73.943648235390199,40.782656161333449],[-73.943870759887162,40.781273026571704],[-73.94345932494096,40.780048275653243],[-73.943213862652243,40.779317588660199],[-73.943004239504688,40.779639495474292],[-73.942716005450905,40.779544169476175],[-73.942712374762181,40.779214856940001],[-73.942535563208608,40.779090956062532],[-73.942893408188027,40.778614093246276],[-73.942438481745029,40.777315235766039],[-73.942244919522594,40.777104088947254],[-73.942074188038887,40.776917846977142],[-73.942002667222781,40.776185317382648],[-73.942620205199006,40.775180871576474],[-73.94285645694552,40.774796600349191],[-73.94293043781397,40.774676268036011],[-73.945870899588215,40.771692257932997],[-73.946618690150586,40.77093339256956],[-73.948664164778933,40.768857624399587],[-73.950069793030679,40.767025088383498],[-73.954418260786071,40.762184104951245],[-73.95650786241211,40.760285256574043],[-73.958787773424007,40.758213471309809],[-73.973015157270069,40.764278692864671],[-73.955760332998182,40.787906554459667],[-73.944023,40.782960000000301],[-73.943592454622546,40.782747908206574]]]]});
let coordinates = 
    datatable(longitude:real, latitude:real, description:string)
    [
        real(-73.9741), 40.7914, 'Upper West Side',
        real(-73.9950), 40.7340, 'Greenwich Village',
        real(-73.8743), 40.7773, 'LaGuardia Airport',
    ];
coordinates
| extend distance = geo_distance_point_to_polygon(longitude, latitude, multipolygon)

Hasil

garis bujur garis lintang description jarak
-73.9741 40.7914 Upper West Side 0
-73.995 40.734 Greenwich Village 0
-73.8743 40.7773 LaGuardia Airport 5702.15731467514

Contoh berikut menemukan semua status yang berada dalam jarak 200 km, tidak termasuk status yang berisi titik .

Menjalankan kueri

US_States
| project name = features.properties.NAME, polygon = features.geometry
| project name, distance = ceiling(geo_distance_point_to_polygon(-111.905, 40.634, polygon) / 1000)
| where distance < 200 and distance > 0

Hasil

nama jarak
Idaho 152
Nevada 181
Wyoming 83

Contoh berikut akan menampilkan hasil null karena input koordinat yang tidak valid.

Menjalankan kueri

print distance = geo_distance_point_to_polygon(500,1,dynamic({"type": "Polygon","coordinates": [[[0,0],[10,10],[10,1],[0,0]]]}))

Hasil

jarak

Contoh berikut akan menampilkan hasil null karena input poligon yang tidak valid.

Menjalankan kueri

print distance = geo_distance_point_to_polygon(1,1,dynamic({"type": "Polygon","coordinates": [[[0,0],[10,10],[10,10],[0,0]]]}))

Hasil

jarak