Cara Mendukung Pekerjaan

Contoh ini menunjukkan cara mendukung pekerjaan saat Anda menulis cmdlet. Jika Anda ingin pengguna menjalankan cmdlet Anda sebagai pekerjaan latar belakang, Anda harus menyertakan kode yang dijelaskan dalam prosedur berikut. Untuk informasi selengkapnya tentang pekerjaan latar belakang, lihat Pekerjaan Latar Belakang.

Untuk mendukung pekerjaan

1. Tentukan parameter sakelar AsJob sehingga pengguna dapat memutuskan apakah akan menjalankan cmdlet sebagai pekerjaan.

   Contoh berikut menunjukkan deklarasi parameter AsJob.

   [Parameter()]
   public SwitchParameter AsJob
   {
     get { return asjob; }
     set { asjob = value; }
   }
   private bool asjob;
   

2. Buat objek yang berasal dari kelas System.Management.Automation.Job. Objek ini dapat menjadi objek pekerjaan kustom atau salah satu objek pekerjaan yang disediakan oleh Windows PowerShell, seperti objek System.Management.Automation.PSEventJob.

   Contoh berikut menunjukkan objek pekerjaan kustom.

   private SampleJob job = new SampleJob("Get-ProcAsJob");
   

3. Dalam metode pemrosesan rekaman, tambahkan pernyataan if untuk mendeteksi apakah cmdlet harus berjalan sebagai pekerjaan. Kode berikut menggunakan metode System.Management.Automation.Cmdlet.ProcessRecord.

   protected override void ProcessRecord()
   {
     if (asjob)
     {
       // Add the job definition to the job repository,
       // return the job object, and then create the thread
       // used to run the job.
       JobRepository.Add(job);
       WriteObject(job);
       ThreadPool.QueueUserWorkItem(WorkItem);
     }
     else
     {
       job.ProcessJob();
       foreach (PSObject p in job.Output)
       {
         WriteObject(p);
       }
     }
   }
   

4. Untuk objek pekerjaan kustom, terapkan kelas pekerjaan.

   private class SampleJob : Job
   {
     internal SampleJob(string command)
         : base(command)
     {
       SetJobState(JobState.NotStarted);
     }
     public override string StatusMessage
     {
       get { throw new NotImplementedException(); }
     }
   
     public override bool HasMoreData
     {
       get
       {
         return hasMoreData;
       }
     }
     private bool hasMoreData = true;
   
     public override string Location
     {
       get { throw new NotImplementedException(); }
     }
   
     public override void StopJob()
     {
       throw new NotImplementedException();
     }
   
     internal void ProcessJob()
     {
       SetJobState(JobState.Running);
       DoProcessLogic();
       SetJobState(JobState.Completed);
     }
   
     // Retrieve the processes of the local computer.
     void DoProcessLogic()
     {
       Process[] p = Process.GetProcesses();
   
       foreach (Process pl in p)
       {
         Output.Add(PSObject.AsPSObject(pl));
       }
       Output.Complete();
     } // End DoProcessLogic.
   } // End SampleJob class.
   

5. Jika cmdlet melakukan pekerjaan, panggil metode System.Management.Automation.Cmdlet.WriteObject untuk mengembalikan objek proses ke alur. Jika pekerjaan dilakukan sebagai pekerjaan, tambahkan pekerjaan anak ke pekerjaan.

   void DoProcessLogic(bool asJob)
   {
     Process[] p = Process.GetProcesses();
   
     foreach (Process pl in p)
     {
       if (!asjob)
       {
         WriteObject(pl);
       }
       else
       {
         job.ChildJobs[0].Output.Add(PSObject.AsPSObject(pl));
       }
     }
   } // End DoProcessLogic.
   

Contoh

Kode sampel berikut menunjukkan kode untuk cmdlet Get-Proc yang dapat mengambil proses secara internal atau dengan menggunakan pekerjaan latar belakang.

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Management.Automation;  // Windows PowerShell namespace.
using System.Threading;              // Thread pool namespace for posting work.
using System.Diagnostics;            // Diagnostics namespace for retrieving
                                     // process objects.

// This sample shows a cmdlet whose work can be done by the cmdlet or by using
// a background job. Background jobs are executed in their own thread,
// independent of the pipeline thread in which the cmdlet is executed.
//
// To load this cmdlet, create a module folder and copy the GetProcessSample06.dll
// assembly into the module folder. Make sure that the path to the module folder
// is added to the $PSModulePath environment variable.
// Module folder path:
//    user/documents/WindowsPowerShell/modules/GetProcessSample06
//
// To import the module, run the following command: Import-Module GetProcessSample06.
// To test the cmdlet, run the following command: Get-Proc -Name <process name>
//

//
namespace Microsoft.Samples.PowerShell.Commands
{
  /// <summary>
  ///  This cmdlet retrieves process internally or returns
  ///  a job that retrieves the processes.
  /// </summary>
  [Cmdlet(VerbsCommon.Get, "Proc")]
  public sealed class GetProcCommand : PSCmdlet
  {

    #region Parameters
    /// <summary>
    /// Specify the Name parameter. This parameter accepts
    /// process names from the command line.
    /// </summary>
    [Parameter(
               Position = 0,
               ValueFromPipeline = true,
               ValueFromPipelineByPropertyName = true)]
    [ValidateNotNullOrEmpty]
    public string[] Name
    {
      get { return processNames; }
      set { processNames = value; }
    }
    private string[] processNames;

    /// <summary>
    /// Specify the AsJob parameter. This parameter indicates
    /// whether the cmdlet should retrieve the processes internally
    /// or return a Job object that retrieves the processes.
    /// </summary>
    [Parameter()]
    public SwitchParameter AsJob
    {
      get { return asjob; }
      set { asjob = value; }
    }
    private bool asjob;

    #endregion Parameters

    #region Cmdlet Overrides

    // Create a custom job object.
    private SampleJob job = new SampleJob("Get-ProcAsJob");

    /// <summary>
    /// Determines if the processes should be retrieved
    /// internally or if a Job object should be returned.
    /// </summary>
    protected override void ProcessRecord()
    {
      if (asjob)
      {
        // Add the job definition to the job repository,
        // return the job object, and then create the thread
        // used to run the job.
        JobRepository.Add(job);
        WriteObject(job);
        ThreadPool.QueueUserWorkItem(WorkItem);
      }
      else
      {
        job.ProcessJob();
        foreach (PSObject p in job.Output)
        {
          WriteObject(p);
        }
      }
    }
    #endregion Overrides

    // Implement a custom job that derives
    // from the System.Management.Automation.Job class.
    private class SampleJob : Job
    {
      internal SampleJob(string command)
          : base(command)
      {
        SetJobState(JobState.NotStarted);
      }
      public override string StatusMessage
      {
        get { throw new NotImplementedException(); }
      }

      public override bool HasMoreData
      {
        get
        {
          return hasMoreData;
        }
      }
      private bool hasMoreData = true;

      public override string Location
      {
        get { throw new NotImplementedException(); }
      }

      public override void StopJob()
      {
        throw new NotImplementedException();
      }

      internal void ProcessJob()
      {
        SetJobState(JobState.Running);
        DoProcessLogic();
        SetJobState(JobState.Completed);
      }

      // Retrieve the processes of the local computer.
      void DoProcessLogic()
      {
        Process[] p = Process.GetProcesses();

        foreach (Process pl in p)
        {
          Output.Add(PSObject.AsPSObject(pl));
        }
        Output.Complete();
      } // End DoProcessLogic.
    } // End SampleJob class.

    void WorkItem(object dummy)
    {
       job.ProcessJob();
    }

    // Display the results of the work. If not a job,
    // process objects are returned. If a job, the
    // output is added to the job as a child job.
    void DoProcessLogic(bool asJob)
    {
      Process[] p = Process.GetProcesses();

      foreach (Process pl in p)
      {
        if (!asjob)
        {
          WriteObject(pl);
        }
        else
        {
          job.ChildJobs[0].Output.Add(PSObject.AsPSObject(pl));
        }
      }
    } // End DoProcessLogic.
  } //End GetProcCommand
}