next_permutation (STL Samples)

Illustrates how to use the next_permutation Standard Template Library (STL) function in Visual C++.

template<class BidirectionalIterator> inline 
   bool next_permutation( 
      BidirectionalIterator First, 
      BidirectionalIterator Last 
   )

Remarks

Note

The class/parameter names in the prototype do not match the version in the header file. Some have been modified to improve readability.

The next_permutation algorithm changes the order of the elements in the range [First, Last) to the next lexicographic permutation and returns true. If there is no next_permutation, it arranges the sequence to be the first permutation and returns false.

Note

The next_permutation algorithm assumes that the sequence is sorted in ascending order using operator<. The nonpredicate version uses the operator< to order the permutations.

Example

// next_permutation.cpp
// compile with: /EHsc
// Illustrates how to use the next_permutation function.
//
// Functions:
//    next_permutation : Change the order of the sequence to the
//                       next lexicograhic permutation.

// disable warning C4786: symbol greater than 255 character,
// okay to ignore
#pragma warning(disable: 4786)

#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <string>
#include <algorithm>
#include <functional>

using namespace std ;

int main()
{
    const int VECTOR_SIZE = 3 ;

    // Define a template class vector of strings
    typedef vector<string> StrVector ;

    //Define an iterator for template class vector of strings
    typedef StrVector::iterator StrVectorIt ;

    //Define an ostream iterator for strings
    typedef ostream_iterator<string> StrOstreamIt;

    StrVector Pattern(VECTOR_SIZE) ;

    StrVectorIt start, end, it ;

    StrOstreamIt outIt(cout, " ") ;

    start = Pattern.begin() ;   // location of first
                                // element of Pattern

    end = Pattern.end() ;       // one past the location last
                                // element of Pattern

    //Initialize vector Pattern
    Pattern[0] = "A" ;
    Pattern[1] = "B" ;
    Pattern[2] = "C" ;

    // print content of Pattern
    cout << "Before calling next_permutation:\n" << "Pattern: " ;
    for(it = start; it != end; it+)
        cout << *it << " " ;
    cout << "\n\n" ;

    // Generate all possible permutations

    cout << "After calling next_permutation:" << endl ;
    while ( next_permutation(start, end) )
    {
        copy(start, end, outIt) ;
        cout << endl ;
    }
}

Output

Before calling next_permutation:
Pattern: A B C 

After calling next_permutation:
A C B 
B A C 
B C A 
C A B 
C B A 

Requirements

Header: <algorithm>

See Also

Concepts

Standard Template Library Samples