Mengatur Data Besar di SQL Server Native Client
Berlaku untuk: SQL Server Azure SQL DatabaseAzure SQL Managed InstanceAzure Synapse Analytics AnalyticsPlatform System (PDW)
Dengan penyedia SQL Server Native Client OLE DB, Anda dapat mengatur data BLOB dengan meneruskan pointer ke objek penyimpanan konsumen.
Konsumen membuat objek penyimpanan yang berisi data dan meneruskan pointer ke objek penyimpanan ini ke penyedia. Penyedia kemudian membaca data dari objek penyimpanan konsumen dan menulisnya ke kolom BLOB.
Untuk meneruskan penunjuk ke objek penyimpanannya sendiri, konsumen membuat aksesor yang mengikat nilai kolom BLOB. Konsumen kemudian memanggil metode IRowsetChange::SetData atau IRowsetChange::InsertRow dengan aksesor yang mengikat kolom BLOB. Ini meneruskan pointer ke antarmuka penyimpanan pada objek penyimpanan konsumen.
Topik ini mengacu pada fungsionalitas yang tersedia dengan fungsi berikut:
IRowset:SetData
ICommand::Execute
IRowsetUpdate::Update
Cara Mengatur Data Besar
Untuk meneruskan pointer ke objek penyimpanannya sendiri, konsumen membuat aksesor yang mengikat nilai kolom BLOB lalu memanggil metode IRowsetChange::SetData atau IRowsetChange::InsertRow . Untuk mengatur data BLOB:
Buat struktur DBOBJECT yang menjelaskan bagaimana kolom BLOB harus diakses. Atur elemen dwFlag dari struktur DBOBJECT ke STGM_READ dan atur elemen iid ke IID_ISequentialStream (antarmuka yang akan diekspos).
Atur properti dalam grup properti DBPROPSET_ROWSET sehingga set baris dapat diperbarui.
Buat sekumpulan pengikatan (salah satu dari setiap kolom) dengan menggunakan array struktur DBBINDING. Atur elemen wType dalam struktur DBBINDING ke DBTYPE_IUNKNOWN, dan elemen pObject untuk menunjuk ke struktur DBOBJECT yang Anda buat.
Buat aksesor menggunakan informasi pengikatan dalam array struktur DBBINDINGS.
Panggil GetNextRows untuk mengambil baris berikutnya ke dalam set baris. Panggil GetData untuk membaca data dari set baris.
Buat objek penyimpanan yang berisi data (dan juga indikator panjang), lalu panggil IRowsetChange::SetData (atau IRowsetChange::InsertRow) dengan aksesor yang mengikat kolom BLOB untuk mengatur data.
Contoh
Contoh ini menunjukkan cara mengatur data BLOB. Contoh membuat tabel, menambahkan rekaman sampel, mengambil rekaman tersebut di set baris, lalu mengatur nilai bidang BLOB:
#define UNICODE
#define DBINITCONSTANTS
#define INITGID
#include <windows.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stddef.h>
#include <iostream.h>
#include <oledb.h>
#include <oledberr.h>
#include <sqlncli.h>
#define SAFE_RELEASE(pIUnknown) if(pIUnknown) (pIUnknown)->Release();
HRESULT GetCommandObject(REFIID riid, IUnknown** ppIUnknown);
HRESULT CreateTable(ICommandText* pICommandText);
class CSeqStream : public ISequentialStream
{
public:
//Constructors
CSeqStream();
virtual ~CSeqStream();
virtual BOOL Seek(ULONG iPos);
virtual BOOL Clear();
virtual BOOL CompareData(void* pBuffer);
virtual ULONG Length() { return m_cBufSize; };
virtual operator void* const() { return m_pBuffer; };
STDMETHODIMP_(ULONG) AddRef(void);
STDMETHODIMP_(ULONG) Release(void);
STDMETHODIMP QueryInterface(REFIID riid, LPVOID *ppv);
STDMETHODIMP Read(
/* [out] */ void __RPC_FAR *pv,
/* [in] */ ULONG cb,
/* [out] */ ULONG __RPC_FAR *pcbRead);
STDMETHODIMP Write(
/* [in] */ const void __RPC_FAR *pv,
/* [in] */ ULONG cb,
/* [out]*/ ULONG __RPC_FAR *pcbWritten);
protected:
//Data
private:
ULONG m_cRef; // reference count
void* m_pBuffer; // buffer
ULONG m_cBufSize; // buffer size
ULONG m_iPos; // current index position in the buffer
};
//class implementation
CSeqStream::CSeqStream()
{
m_iPos = 0;
m_cRef = 0;
m_pBuffer = NULL;
m_cBufSize = 0;
//The constructor AddRef's
AddRef();
}
CSeqStream::~CSeqStream()
{
//Shouldn't have any references left
// ASSERT(m_cRef == 0);
CoTaskMemFree(m_pBuffer);
}
ULONG CSeqStream::AddRef(void)
{
return ++m_cRef;
}
ULONG CSeqStream::Release(void)
{
// ASSERT(m_cRef);
if(--m_cRef)
return m_cRef;
delete this;
return 0;
}
HRESULT CSeqStream::QueryInterface(REFIID riid, void** ppv)
{
// ASSERT(ppv);
*ppv = NULL;
if (riid == IID_IUnknown)
*ppv = this;
if (riid == IID_ISequentialStream)
*ppv = this;
if(*ppv)
{
((IUnknown*)*ppv)->AddRef();
return S_OK;
}
return E_NOINTERFACE;
}
BOOL CSeqStream::Seek(ULONG iPos)
{
// Make sure the desired position is within the buffer.
// ASSERT(iPos == 0 || iPos < m_cBufSize);
// Reset the current buffer position.
m_iPos = iPos;
return TRUE;
}
BOOL CSeqStream::Clear()
{
//Frees the buffer
m_iPos = 0;
m_cBufSize = 0;
CoTaskMemFree(m_pBuffer);
m_pBuffer = NULL;
return TRUE;
}
BOOL CSeqStream::CompareData(void* pBuffer)
{
// ASSERT(pBuffer);
// Quick and easy way to compare user buffer with the stream.
return memcmp(pBuffer, m_pBuffer, m_cBufSize)==0;
}
HRESULT CSeqStream::Read(void *pv, ULONG cb, ULONG* pcbRead)
{
//Parameter checking
if(pcbRead)
*pcbRead = 0;
if(!pv)
return STG_E_INVALIDPOINTER;
if(cb == 0)
return S_OK;
// Actual code.
ULONG cBytesLeft = m_cBufSize - m_iPos;
ULONG cBytesRead = cb > cBytesLeft ? cBytesLeft : cb;
// If no more bytes to retrieve return.
if(cBytesLeft == 0)
return S_FALSE;
// Copy to users buffer the number of bytes requested or remaining.
memcpy_s(pv, sizeof(pv), (void*)((BYTE*)m_pBuffer + m_iPos), cBytesRead);
m_iPos += cBytesRead;
if(pcbRead)
*pcbRead = cBytesRead;
if(cb != cBytesRead)
return S_FALSE;
return S_OK;
}
HRESULT CSeqStream::Write(const void *pv, ULONG cb, ULONG* pcbWritten)
{
// Parameter checking.
if(!pv)
return STG_E_INVALIDPOINTER;
if(pcbWritten)
*pcbWritten = 0;
if(cb == 0)
return S_OK;
// Enlarge the current buffer.
m_cBufSize += cb;
// Need to append to the end of the stream.
m_pBuffer = CoTaskMemRealloc(m_pBuffer, m_cBufSize);
memcpy_s((void*)((BYTE*)m_pBuffer + m_iPos), sizeof((void*)((BYTE*)m_pBuffer + m_iPos)), pv, cb);
// m_iPos += cb;
if(pcbWritten)
*pcbWritten = cb;
return S_OK;
}
//...........................................................
void main()
{
CoInitialize(NULL);
DBOBJECT ObjectStruct;
ObjectStruct.dwFlags = STGM_READ;
ObjectStruct.iid = IID_ISequentialStream;
struct BLOBDATA
{
DBSTATUS dwStatus;
DWORD dwLength;
ISequentialStream* pISeqStream;
};
BLOBDATA BLOBGetData;
BLOBDATA BLOBSetData;
const ULONG cBindings = 1;
DBBINDING rgBindings[cBindings];
HRESULT hr = S_OK;
IAccessor* pIAccessor = NULL;
ICommandText* pICommandText = NULL;
ICommandProperties* pICommandProperties = NULL;
IRowsetChange* pIRowsetChange = NULL;
IRowset* pIRowset = NULL;
CSeqStream* pMySeqStream = NULL;
ULONG cRowsObtained = 0;
HACCESSOR hAccessor = DB_NULL_HACCESSOR;
DBBINDSTATUS rgBindStatus[cBindings];
HROW* rghRows = NULL;
const ULONG cPropSets = 1;
DBPROPSET rgPropSets[cPropSets];
const ULONG cProperties = 1;
DBPROP rgProperties[cProperties];
const ULONG cBytes = 10;
BYTE pBuffer[cBytes];
ULONG cBytesRead = 0;
BYTE pReadData[cBytes]; //read BLOB data in this array
memset(pReadData, 0xAA, cBytes);
BYTE pWriteData[cBytes]; //write BLOB data from this array
memset(pWriteData, 'D', cBytes);
// Get the Command object.
hr = GetCommandObject(IID_ICommandText,
(IUnknown**)&pICommandText);
if (FAILED(hr))
{
cout << "Failed to get ICommandText interface.\n";
// Release any references and return.
goto Exit;
} //end if
// Create table with image column and index.
hr = CreateTable(pICommandText);
if (FAILED(hr))
{
cout << "Failed to create table.\n";
// Release any references and return.
goto Exit;
} //end if
/*
Set the DBPROPSET structure. It is used to pass an array
of DBPROP structures to SetProperties().
*/
rgPropSets[0].guidPropertySet = DBPROPSET_ROWSET;
rgPropSets[0].cProperties = cProperties;
rgPropSets[0].rgProperties = rgProperties;
// Now set properties in the property group (DBPROPSET_ROWSET).
rgPropSets[0].rgProperties[0].dwPropertyID = DBPROP_UPDATABILITY;
rgPropSets[0].rgProperties[0].dwOptions = DBPROPOPTIONS_REQUIRED;
rgPropSets[0].rgProperties[0].dwStatus = DBPROPSTATUS_OK;
rgPropSets[0].rgProperties[0].colid = DB_NULLID;
rgPropSets[0].rgProperties[0].vValue.vt = VT_I4;
V_I4(&rgPropSets[0].rgProperties[0].vValue) = DBPROPVAL_UP_CHANGE;
// Set the rowset properties.
hr = pICommandText->QueryInterface(IID_ICommandProperties,
(void **)&pICommandProperties);
if (FAILED(hr))
{
cout << "Failed to get ICommandProperties to set rowset properties.\n";
// Release any references and return.
goto Exit;
} //end if
hr = pICommandProperties->SetProperties(cPropSets, rgPropSets);
if (FAILED(hr))
{
cout << "Execute failed to set rowset properties.\n";
// Release any references and return.
goto Exit;
} //end if
// Execute a command (SELECT * FROM TestISeqStream).
hr = pICommandText->SetCommandText(DBGUID_DBSQL,
L"SELECT * FROM TestISeqStream");
if (FAILED(hr))
{
cout << "Failed to set command text SELECT * FROM.\n";
// Release any references and return.
goto Exit;
} //end if
hr = pICommandText->Execute(NULL, IID_IRowsetChange, NULL, NULL,
(IUnknown**)&pIRowsetChange);
if (FAILED(hr))
{
cout << "Failed to execute the command SELECT * FROM.\n";
// Release any references and return.
goto Exit;
} //end if
// Fill the DBBINDINGS array.
rgBindings[0].iOrdinal = 2; //ordinal position
rgBindings[0].obValue = offsetof(BLOBDATA, pISeqStream);
rgBindings[0].obLength = offsetof(BLOBDATA, dwLength);
rgBindings[0].obStatus = offsetof(BLOBDATA, dwStatus);
rgBindings[0].pTypeInfo = NULL;
rgBindings[0].pObject = &ObjectStruct;
rgBindings[0].pBindExt = NULL;
rgBindings[0].dwPart = DBPART_VALUE | DBPART_STATUS | DBPART_LENGTH;
rgBindings[0].dwMemOwner = DBMEMOWNER_CLIENTOWNED;
rgBindings[0].eParamIO = DBPARAMIO_NOTPARAM;
rgBindings[0].cbMaxLen = 0;
rgBindings[0].dwFlags = 0;
rgBindings[0].wType = DBTYPE_IUNKNOWN;
rgBindings[0].bPrecision = 0;
rgBindings[0].bScale = 0;
// Create an accessor using the binding information.
hr = pIRowsetChange->QueryInterface(IID_IAccessor,
(void**)&pIAccessor);
if (FAILED(hr))
{
cout << "Failed to get IAccessor interface.\n";
// Release any references and return.
goto Exit;
} //end if
hr = pIAccessor->CreateAccessor(DBACCESSOR_ROWDATA,
cBindings,
rgBindings,
sizeof(BLOBDATA),
&hAccessor,
rgBindStatus);
if (FAILED(hr))
{
cout << "Failed to create an accessor.\n";
// Release any references and return.
goto Exit;
} //end if
// Now get the first row.
hr = pIRowsetChange->QueryInterface(IID_IRowset,
(void **)&pIRowset);
if (FAILED(hr))
{
cout << "Failed to get IRowset interface.\n";
// Release any references and return.
goto Exit;
} //end if
hr = pIRowset->GetNextRows(NULL,
0,
1,
&cRowsObtained,
&rghRows);
hr = pIRowset->GetData(rghRows[0],
hAccessor,
&BLOBGetData);
// Verify the retrieved data, only if data is not null.
if (BLOBGetData.dwStatus == DBSTATUS_S_ISNULL)
{
// Process null data.
cout << "Provider returned a null value.\n";
} else if(BLOBGetData.dwStatus == DBSTATUS_S_OK)
// Provider returned a nonNULL value.
{
BLOBGetData.pISeqStream->Read(
pBuffer,
cBytes,
&cBytesRead);
if(memcmp(pBuffer, pReadData, cBytes) != 0)
{
//cleanup
}
SAFE_RELEASE(BLOBGetData.pISeqStream);
}
// Set up data for SetData.
pMySeqStream = new CSeqStream();
/*
Put data in to the ISequentialStream object
for the provider to write.
*/
pMySeqStream->Write(pWriteData,
cBytes,
NULL);
BLOBSetData.pISeqStream = (ISequentialStream*)pMySeqStream;
BLOBSetData.dwStatus = DBSTATUS_S_OK;
BLOBSetData.dwLength = pMySeqStream->Length();
// Set the data.
hr = pIRowsetChange->SetData(rghRows[0],
hAccessor,
&BLOBSetData);
if (FAILED(hr))
{
cout << "Failed to set data.\n";
// Release any references and return.
goto Exit;
} //end if
hr = pIAccessor->ReleaseAccessor(hAccessor, NULL);
if (FAILED(hr))
{
cout << "Failed to release accessor.\n";
// Release any references and return.
goto Exit;
} //end if
hr = pIRowset->ReleaseRows(cRowsObtained,
rghRows,
NULL,
NULL,
NULL);
if (FAILED(hr))
{
cout << "Failed to release rows.\n";
// Release any references and return.
goto Exit;
} //end if
Exit:
// Free up all allocated memory and release interface pointers.
CoUninitialize();
} //end main.
//..........................................................
HRESULT GetCommandObject(REFIID riid, IUnknown** ppIUnknown)
{
HRESULT hr = S_OK;
// Local interface pointers, until a connection is made.
IDBInitialize* pIDBInitialize = NULL;
IDBProperties* pIDBProperties = NULL;
IDBCreateSession* pIDBCreateSession = NULL;
IDBCreateCommand* pIDBCreateCommand = NULL;
const ULONG cPropSets = 1;
DBPROPSET rgPropSets[cPropSets];
const ULONG cProperties = 4;
DBPROP rgProperties[cProperties];
/*
Initialize the property values needed to
establish the connection.
*/
for(ULONG i = 0; i < 4; i++)
VariantInit(&rgProperties[i].vValue);
// Server name.
rgProperties[0].dwPropertyID = DBPROP_INIT_DATASOURCE;
rgProperties[0].vValue.vt = VT_BSTR;
rgProperties[0].vValue.bstrVal =
SysAllocString(L"server");
rgProperties[0].dwOptions = DBPROPOPTIONS_REQUIRED;
rgProperties[0].colid = DB_NULLID;
// Database.
rgProperties[1].dwPropertyID = DBPROP_INIT_CATALOG;
rgProperties[1].vValue.vt = VT_BSTR;
rgProperties[1].vValue.bstrVal =
SysAllocString(L"pubs");
rgProperties[1].dwOptions = DBPROPOPTIONS_REQUIRED;
rgProperties[1].colid = DB_NULLID;
// Username (login).
rgProperties[2].dwPropertyID = DBPROP_AUTH_USERID;
rgProperties[2].vValue.vt = VT_BSTR;
rgProperties[2].vValue.bstrVal =
SysAllocString(L"login");
rgProperties[2].dwOptions = DBPROPOPTIONS_REQUIRED;
rgProperties[2].colid = DB_NULLID;
// Password.
rgProperties[3].dwPropertyID = DBPROP_AUTH_PASSWORD;
rgProperties[3].vValue.vt = VT_BSTR;
rgProperties[3].vValue.bstrVal =
SysAllocString(L"password");
rgProperties[3].dwOptions = DBPROPOPTIONS_REQUIRED;
rgProperties[3].colid = DB_NULLID;
/*
Now that the properties are set, construct the DBPROPSET
structure (rgInitPropSet). The DBPROPSET structure is used
to pass an array of DBPROP structures (InitProperties) to the
SetProperties method.
*/
rgPropSets[0].guidPropertySet = DBPROPSET_DBINIT;
rgPropSets[0].cProperties = cProperties;
rgPropSets[0].rgProperties = rgProperties;
// Get the IDBInitialize interface.
hr = CoCreateInstance(CLSID_SQLNCLI10,
NULL,
CLSCTX_INPROC_SERVER,
IID_IDBInitialize,
(void**)&pIDBInitialize);
if(FAILED(hr))
{
cout << "Failed to get IDBInitialize interface.\n";
// Release any references and return.
goto Exit;
} //end if
// Set initialization properties.
hr = pIDBInitialize->QueryInterface(IID_IDBProperties,
(void **)&pIDBProperties);
if(FAILED(hr))
{
cout << "Failed to get IDBProperties interface.\n";
// Release any references and return.
goto Exit;
} //end if
hr = pIDBProperties->SetProperties(cPropSets, rgPropSets);
if(FAILED(hr))
{
cout << "Failed to set properties for DBPROPSET_DBINIT.\n";
// Release any references and return.
goto Exit;
} //end if
hr = pIDBInitialize->Initialize();
if(FAILED(hr))
{
cout << "Failed to initialize.\n";
// Release any references and return.
goto Exit;
} // end if
//Create a session object.
hr = pIDBInitialize->QueryInterface(
IID_IDBCreateSession,
(void **)&pIDBCreateSession);
if(FAILED(hr))
{
cout << "Failed to get pIDBCreateSession interface.\n";
// Release any references and return.
goto Exit;
} // end if
hr = pIDBCreateSession->CreateSession(
NULL,
IID_IDBCreateCommand,
(IUnknown**)&pIDBCreateCommand);
if(FAILED(hr))
{
cout << "Failed to create session object.\n";
// Release any references and return.
goto Exit;
} // end if
// Get the CommandText object.
hr = pIDBCreateCommand->CreateCommand(
NULL,
riid,
(IUnknown**)ppIUnknown);
if(FAILED(hr))
{
cout << "Failed to create CommandText object.\n";
// Release any references and return.
goto Exit;
} // end if
return hr;
Exit:
// Free up all allocated memory and release interface pointers.
return hr;
} //end function
//...............................................................
HRESULT CreateTable(ICommandText* pICommandText)
{
HRESULT hr = S_OK;
// Drop the xisting table.
hr = pICommandText->SetCommandText(
DBGUID_DBSQL,
L"DROP TABLE TestISeqStream");
if(FAILED(hr))
{
cout << "Failed to set command text DROP TABLE.\n";
// Release any references and return.
goto Exit;
} //end if
hr = pICommandText->Execute(NULL, IID_NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL);
if(FAILED(hr))
{
cout << "Failed to drop the table.\n";
// Release any references and return.
goto Exit;
} // end if
// Create a new table.
hr = pICommandText->SetCommandText(DBGUID_DBSQL,
L"CREATE TABLE TestISeqStream (col1 int,col2 image)");
if(FAILED(hr))
{
cout << "Failed to set command text CREATE TABLE.\n";
// Release any references and return.
goto Exit;
} // end if
hr = pICommandText->Execute(NULL, IID_NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL);
if(FAILED(hr))
{
cout << "Failed to create new table.\n";
// Release any references and return.
goto Exit;
} // end if
// Insert one row into table.
hr = pICommandText->SetCommandText(DBGUID_DBSQL,
L"INSERT INTO TestISeqStream(col1,col2) VALUES (1,0xAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA)");
if(FAILED(hr))
{
cout << "Failed to set command text INSERT INTO.\n";
// Release any references and return.
goto Exit;
} // end if
hr = pICommandText->Execute(NULL, IID_NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL);
if(FAILED(hr))
{
cout << "Failed to insert record in the table.\n";
// Release any references and return.
goto Exit;
} // end if
Exit:
// Free up all allocated memory and release interface pointers.
return hr;
} //end function
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