Membuat dan menjalankan gambar kontainer untuk aplikasi Java
Di unit ini, Anda membangun dan menjalankan gambar kontainer. Seperti yang Anda pelajari sebelumnya, instans gambar yang sedang berjalan adalah kontainer.
Membuat gambar kontainer
Setelah berhasil membangun Dockerfile, Anda dapat menginstruksikan Docker untuk membangun gambar kontainer untuk Anda.
Nota
Pastikan runtime Docker Anda dikonfigurasi untuk membangun kontainer Linux. Konfigurasi ini penting karena Dockerfile yang kami gunakan referensi gambar kontainer (JDK/JRE) untuk arsitektur Linux.
Perintah yang Anda gunakan untuk membangun gambar kontainer adalah docker build. Anda menggunakan -t argumen untuk menentukan label kontainer, dan . merupakan lokasi bagi Docker untuk menemukan Dockerfile. Jalankan perintah berikut:
docker build -t flightbookingsystemsample .
Output berikut ini umum:
docker build -t flightbookingsystemsample .
[+] Building 45.2s (18/18) FINISHED docker:desktop-linux
=> [internal] load build definition from Dockerfile 0.0s
=> => transferring dockerfile: 2.07kB 0.0s
=> [internal] load metadata for mcr.microsoft.com/openjdk/jdk:17-ubuntu 0.7s
=> [internal] load metadata for mcr.microsoft.com/openjdk/jdk:17-mariner 0.8s
=> [internal] load .dockerignore 0.0s
=> => transferring context: 2B 0.0s
=> [internal] load build context 0.4s
=> => transferring context: 9.89MB 0.4s
=> [stage-2 1/4] FROM mcr.microsoft.com/openjdk/jdk:17-mariner@sha256:79****************************************f1ee692d5b8c36f0824510 15.9s
=> => resolve mcr.microsoft.com/openjdk/jdk:17-mariner@sha256:796b833b91****************************************5b8c36f0824510 0.0s
...
=> => extracting sha256:8f818432a4****************************************1791ae8c3b79ca 2.4s
=> => extracting sha256:1820580505****************************************087e3a0df74b60 7.1s
=> [build 1/7] FROM mcr.microsoft.com/openjdk/jdk:17-ubuntu@sha256:7982bc2eb79838d70bcc025371c514b7f7fde75f9981906c65eff04e9170627e 15.5s
=> => resolve mcr.microsoft.com/openjdk/jdk:17-ubuntu@sha256:7982bc2eb79838d70bcc025371c514b7f7fde75f9981906c65eff04e9170627e 0.0s
...
=> => extracting sha256:6414378b64****************************************b23a54cb3684ac 2.4s
=> => extracting sha256:8debc97485****************************************80f38d9f1cb399 6.5s
=> [build 2/7] WORKDIR /build 0.4s
=> [tomcat 2/2] RUN apt-get update ; apt-get install -y curl ; curl -O https://downloads.apache.org/tomcat/tomcat-10/v10.1.33/bin/apache-tomcat-10.1.33.tar.gz ; tar xzf apache-tomcat-10.1.33.tar. 23.4s
=> [build 3/7] RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y maven && mvn --version 14.5s
=> [build 4/7] COPY pom.xml . 0.0s
=> [build 5/7] COPY src ./src 0.0s
=> [build 6/7] COPY web ./web 0.1s
=> [build 7/7] RUN mvn clean package 13.4s
=> [stage-2 2/4] COPY --chown=app:app --from=tomcat /usr/local/tomcat /usr/local/tomcat 0.2s
=> [stage-2 3/4] COPY --chown=app:app tomcat-users.xml /usr/local/tomcat/conf 0.0s
=> [stage-2 4/4] COPY --chown=app:app --from=build /build/target/*.war /usr/local/tomcat/webapps/AirlinesReservationSample.war 0.1s
=> exporting to image 0.2s
=> => exporting layers 0.1s
=> => writing image sha256:43d4ab3ab0****************************************c4807bce5af7b4 0.0s
=> => naming to docker.io/library/flightbookingsystemsample
Pembangunan multi-tahap menangani proses-proses dengan efisien. Secara khusus, proses yang tidak memiliki dependensi dijalankan secara paralel. Misalnya, dalam hal ini, unduhan Tomcat di tahap 0 dan penginstalan dan kompilasi Maven di tahap 1 adalah proses independen. Oleh karena itu, ketika Anda menjalankan docker build, proses Tomcat dan proses Maven dilakukan secara bersamaan. Namun, tahap akhir menyalin artefak dari tahap 0 dan tahap 1, sehingga tidak dapat dijalankan sampai proses sebelumnya selesai. Dengan demikian, tahap akhir menunggu proses sebelumnya selesai dan berlanjut ketika memungkinkan untuk melakukannya.
Selain itu, jika Anda mengedit bagian dari kode sumber program dan menjalankan docker build lagi, Anda dapat mengharapkan proses selesai lebih cepat daripada pertama kalinya. Kontainer dirancang untuk menggunakan struktur lapisan dengan caching, dan lapisan yang tidak berubah digunakan kembali dari cache. Misalnya, jika tidak ada perubahan dalam versi Java, Tomcat, atau Maven, gambar yang diunduh sebelumnya digunakan kembali. Ketika modifikasi dilakukan pada kode sumber, hanya bagian terakhir dari proses, yang melibatkan penggantian kode sumber dan membangun kembali proyek untuk mengganti artefak, perlu diubah. Perhatikan bagaimana Anda menulis perintah Docker untuk membangun secara efisien dengan menggunakan kembali cache sebanyak mungkin.
Docker juga dapat menampilkan citra yang tersedia yang ada, yang berguna untuk melihat apa yang dapat dijalankan. Jalankan perintah berikut:
docker images
Output berikut ini umum:
docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
flightbookingsystemsample latest 43d4ab3ab045 30 minutes ago 475MB
Menjalankan gambar kontainer
Setelah berhasil membangun gambar kontainer, Anda dapat menjalankannya.
Anda menggunakan docker run perintah untuk menjalankan gambar kontainer. Argumen -p ####:#### meneruskan lalu lintas HTTP localhost - port pertama, sebelum titik dua - ke kontainer pada runtime - port kedua, setelah titik dua. Dockerfile menentukan bahwa server aplikasi Tomcat mendengarkan lalu lintas HTTP pada port 8080. Oleh karena itu, itulah port kontainer yang perlu Anda ekspos. Terakhir, Anda memerlukan tag flightbookingsystemsample gambar untuk memberi tahu Docker gambar mana yang akan dijalankan. Jalankan perintah berikut:
docker run -p 8080:8080 flightbookingsystemsample
Output berikut ini umum:
docker run -p 8080:8080 flightbookingsystemsample
15-Nov-2024 12:11:12.229 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log Server version name: Apache Tomcat/10.1.33
15-Nov-2024 12:11:12.236 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log Server built: Nov 7 2024 22:28:55 UTC
15-Nov-2024 12:11:12.236 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log Server version number: 10.1.33.0
15-Nov-2024 12:11:12.237 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log OS Name: Linux
15-Nov-2024 12:11:12.237 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log OS Version: 6.10.11-linuxkit
15-Nov-2024 12:11:12.237 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log Architecture: amd64
15-Nov-2024 12:11:12.238 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log Java Home: /usr/lib/jvm/msopenjdk-17
15-Nov-2024 12:11:12.238 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log JVM Version: 17.0.13+11-LTS
15-Nov-2024 12:11:12.238 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log JVM Vendor: Microsoft
15-Nov-2024 12:11:12.238 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log CATALINA_BASE: /usr/local/tomcat
15-Nov-2024 12:11:12.239 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log CATALINA_HOME: /usr/local/tomcat
15-Nov-2024 12:11:12.262 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log Command line argument: -Djava.util.logging.config.file=/usr/local/tomcat/conf/logging.properties
15-Nov-2024 12:11:12.262 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log Command line argument: -Djava.util.logging.manager=org.apache.juli.ClassLoaderLogManager
15-Nov-2024 12:11:12.263 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log Command line argument: -Djdk.tls.ephemeralDHKeySize=2048
15-Nov-2024 12:11:12.264 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log Command line argument: -Djava.protocol.handler.pkgs=org.apache.catalina.webresources
15-Nov-2024 12:11:12.264 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log Command line argument: -Dorg.apache.catalina.security.SecurityListener.UMASK=0027
15-Nov-2024 12:11:12.265 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log Command line argument: --add-opens=java.base/java.lang=ALL-UNNAMED
15-Nov-2024 12:11:12.266 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log Command line argument: --add-opens=java.base/java.io=ALL-UNNAMED
15-Nov-2024 12:11:12.267 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log Command line argument: --add-opens=java.base/java.util=ALL-UNNAMED
15-Nov-2024 12:11:12.267 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log Command line argument: --add-opens=java.base/java.util.concurrent=ALL-UNNAMED
15-Nov-2024 12:11:12.268 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log Command line argument: --add-opens=java.rmi/sun.rmi.transport=ALL-UNNAMED
15-Nov-2024 12:11:12.268 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log Command line argument: -Dcatalina.base=/usr/local/tomcat
15-Nov-2024 12:11:12.268 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log Command line argument: -Dcatalina.home=/usr/local/tomcat
15-Nov-2024 12:11:12.269 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log Command line argument: -Djava.io.tmpdir=/usr/local/tomcat/temp
15-Nov-2024 12:11:12.271 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener.lifecycleEvent The Apache Tomcat Native library which allows using OpenSSL was not found on the java.library.path: [/usr/java/packages/lib:/usr/lib64:/lib64:/lib:/usr/lib]
15-Nov-2024 12:11:12.699 INFO [main] org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol.init Initializing ProtocolHandler ["http-nio-8080"]
15-Nov-2024 12:11:12.760 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.load Server initialization in [845] milliseconds
15-Nov-2024 12:11:12.855 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService.startInternal Starting service [Catalina]
15-Nov-2024 12:11:12.855 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine.startInternal Starting Servlet engine: [Apache Tomcat/10.1.33]
15-Nov-2024 12:11:12.891 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployWAR Deploying web application archive [/usr/local/tomcat/webapps/AirlinesReservationSample.war]
15-Nov-2024 12:11:15.150 INFO [main] org.apache.jasper.servlet.TldScanner.scanJars At least one JAR was scanned for TLDs yet contained no TLDs. Enable debug logging for this logger for a complete list of JARs that were scanned but no TLDs were found in them. Skipping unneeded JARs during scanning can improve startup time and JSP compilation time.
15-Nov-2024 12:11:17.112 INFO [main] com.sun.xml.ws.server.MonitorBase.createRoot Metro monitoring rootname successfully set to: com.sun.metro:pp=/,type=WSEndpoint,name=/AirlinesReservationSample-PriceAndSeats-PriceAndSeatsPort
15-Nov-2024 12:11:17.400 INFO [main] com.sun.xml.ws.transport.http.servlet.WSServletDelegate.<init> WSSERVLET14: XML-WS servlet initializing
WARNING:Error in the metadata of the table SEATS: table's row count in the metadata is 5 but 6 records have been found and loaded by UCanAccess. All will work fine, but it's better to repair your database.
15-Nov-2024 12:11:18.281 INFO [main] com.sun.xml.ws.transport.http.servlet.WSServletContextListener.contextInitialized WSSERVLET12: XML-WS context listener initializing
15-Nov-2024 12:11:18.282 INFO [main] com.sun.xml.ws.transport.http.servlet.WSServletContextListener.contextInitialized WSSERVLET12: XML-WS context listener initializing
15-Nov-2024 12:11:18.320 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployWAR Deployment of web application archive [/usr/local/tomcat/webapps/AirlinesReservationSample.war] has finished in [5,428] ms
15-Nov-2024 12:11:18.322 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployDirectory Deploying web application directory [/usr/local/tomcat/webapps/ROOT]
15-Nov-2024 12:11:18.363 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployDirectory Deployment of web application directory [/usr/local/tomcat/webapps/ROOT] has finished in [40] ms
15-Nov-2024 12:11:18.363 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployDirectory Deploying web application directory [/usr/local/tomcat/webapps/docs]
15-Nov-2024 12:11:18.404 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployDirectory Deployment of web application directory [/usr/local/tomcat/webapps/docs] has finished in [41] ms
15-Nov-2024 12:11:18.406 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployDirectory Deploying web application directory [/usr/local/tomcat/webapps/examples]
15-Nov-2024 12:11:18.716 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployDirectory Deployment of web application directory [/usr/local/tomcat/webapps/examples] has finished in [310] ms
15-Nov-2024 12:11:18.717 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployDirectory Deploying web application directory [/usr/local/tomcat/webapps/manager]
15-Nov-2024 12:11:18.753 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployDirectory Deployment of web application directory [/usr/local/tomcat/webapps/manager] has finished in [37] ms
15-Nov-2024 12:11:18.754 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployDirectory Deploying web application directory [/usr/local/tomcat/webapps/host-manager]
15-Nov-2024 12:11:18.795 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployDirectory Deployment of web application directory [/usr/local/tomcat/webapps/host-manager] has finished in [40] ms
15-Nov-2024 12:11:18.802 INFO [main] org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol.start Starting ProtocolHandler ["http-nio-8080"]
15-Nov-2024 12:11:18.840 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.start Server startup in [6079] milliseconds
Buka jendela browser dan kunjungi halaman utama Sistem Pemesanan Tiket Pesawat di http://localhost:8080/AirlinesReservationSample/. Browser Anda akan terlihat mirip dengan cuplikan layar berikut:
Anda dapat secara opsional masuk dengan pengguna mana pun dari tomcat-users.xml - misalnya, someuser@azure.com: password.
Untuk menghentikan kontainer, tekan CTRL+C di dalam CLI.