Menggunakan Fiber

Artikel
06/13/2023

Fungsi CreateFiber membuat serat baru untuk utas. Alur pembuatan harus menentukan alamat awal kode yang akan dijalankan oleh serat baru. Biasanya, alamat awal adalah nama fungsi yang disediakan pengguna. Beberapa serat dapat menjalankan fungsi yang sama.

Contoh berikut menunjukkan cara membuat, menjadwalkan, dan menghapus serat. Serat menjalankan fungsi yang ditentukan secara lokal ReadFiberFunc dan WriteFiberFunc. Contoh ini mengimplementasikan operasi penyalinan file berbasis serat. Saat menjalankan contoh, Anda harus menentukan file sumber dan tujuan. Perhatikan bahwa ada banyak cara lain untuk menyalin file secara terprogram; contoh ini ada terutama untuk mengilustrasikan penggunaan fungsi serat.

#include <windows.h>
#include <tchar.h>
#include <stdio.h>

VOID
__stdcall
ReadFiberFunc(LPVOID lpParameter);

VOID
__stdcall
WriteFiberFunc(LPVOID lpParameter);

void DisplayFiberInfo(void);

typedef struct
{
   DWORD dwParameter;          // DWORD parameter to fiber (unused)
   DWORD dwFiberResultCode;    // GetLastError() result code
   HANDLE hFile;               // handle to operate on
   DWORD dwBytesProcessed;     // number of bytes processed
} FIBERDATASTRUCT, *PFIBERDATASTRUCT, *LPFIBERDATASTRUCT;

#define RTN_OK 0
#define RTN_USAGE 1
#define RTN_ERROR 13

#define BUFFER_SIZE 32768   // read/write buffer size
#define FIBER_COUNT 3       // max fibers (including primary)

#define PRIMARY_FIBER 0 // array index to primary fiber
#define READ_FIBER 1    // array index to read fiber
#define WRITE_FIBER 2   // array index to write fiber

LPVOID g_lpFiber[FIBER_COUNT];
LPBYTE g_lpBuffer;
DWORD g_dwBytesRead;

int __cdecl _tmain(int argc, TCHAR *argv[])
{
   LPFIBERDATASTRUCT fs;

   if (argc != 3)
   {
      printf("Usage: %s <SourceFile> <DestinationFile>\n", argv[0]);
      return RTN_USAGE;
   }

   //
   // Allocate storage for our fiber data structures
   //
   fs = (LPFIBERDATASTRUCT) HeapAlloc(
                              GetProcessHeap(), 0,
                              sizeof(FIBERDATASTRUCT) * FIBER_COUNT);

   if (fs == NULL)
   {
      printf("HeapAlloc error (%d)\n", GetLastError());
      return RTN_ERROR;
   }

   //
   // Allocate storage for the read/write buffer
   //
   g_lpBuffer = (LPBYTE)HeapAlloc(GetProcessHeap(), 0, BUFFER_SIZE);
   if (g_lpBuffer == NULL)
   {
      printf("HeapAlloc error (%d)\n", GetLastError());
      return RTN_ERROR;
   }

   //
   // Open the source file
   //
   fs[READ_FIBER].hFile = CreateFile(
                                    argv[1],
                                    GENERIC_READ,
                                    FILE_SHARE_READ,
                                    NULL,
                                    OPEN_EXISTING,
                                    FILE_FLAG_SEQUENTIAL_SCAN,
                                    NULL
                                    );

   if (fs[READ_FIBER].hFile == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
   {
      printf("CreateFile error (%d)\n", GetLastError());
      return RTN_ERROR;
   }

   //
   // Open the destination file
   //
   fs[WRITE_FIBER].hFile = CreateFile(
                                     argv[2],
                                     GENERIC_WRITE,
                                     0,
                                     NULL,
                                     CREATE_NEW,
                                     FILE_FLAG_SEQUENTIAL_SCAN,
                                     NULL
                                     );

   if (fs[WRITE_FIBER].hFile == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
   {
      printf("CreateFile error (%d)\n", GetLastError());
      return RTN_ERROR;
   }

   //
   // Convert thread to a fiber, to allow scheduling other fibers
   //
   g_lpFiber[PRIMARY_FIBER]=ConvertThreadToFiber(&fs[PRIMARY_FIBER]);

   if (g_lpFiber[PRIMARY_FIBER] == NULL)
   {
      printf("ConvertThreadToFiber error (%d)\n", GetLastError());
      return RTN_ERROR;
   }

   //
   // Initialize the primary fiber data structure.  We don't use
   // the primary fiber data structure for anything in this sample.
   //
   fs[PRIMARY_FIBER].dwParameter = 0;
   fs[PRIMARY_FIBER].dwFiberResultCode = 0;
   fs[PRIMARY_FIBER].hFile = INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE;

   //
   // Create the Read fiber
   //
   g_lpFiber[READ_FIBER]=CreateFiber(0,ReadFiberFunc,&fs[READ_FIBER]);

   if (g_lpFiber[READ_FIBER] == NULL)
   {
      printf("CreateFiber error (%d)\n", GetLastError());
      return RTN_ERROR;
   }

   fs[READ_FIBER].dwParameter = 0x12345678;

   //
   // Create the Write fiber
   //
   g_lpFiber[WRITE_FIBER]=CreateFiber(0,WriteFiberFunc,&fs[WRITE_FIBER]);

   if (g_lpFiber[WRITE_FIBER] == NULL)
   {
      printf("CreateFiber error (%d)\n", GetLastError());
      return RTN_ERROR;
   }

   fs[WRITE_FIBER].dwParameter = 0x54545454;

   //
   // Switch to the read fiber
   //
   SwitchToFiber(g_lpFiber[READ_FIBER]);

   //
   // We have been scheduled again. Display results from the 
   // read/write fibers
   //
   printf("ReadFiber: result code is %lu, %lu bytes processed\n",
   fs[READ_FIBER].dwFiberResultCode, fs[READ_FIBER].dwBytesProcessed);

   printf("WriteFiber: result code is %lu, %lu bytes processed\n",
   fs[WRITE_FIBER].dwFiberResultCode, fs[WRITE_FIBER].dwBytesProcessed);

   //
   // Delete the fibers
   //
   DeleteFiber(g_lpFiber[READ_FIBER]);
   DeleteFiber(g_lpFiber[WRITE_FIBER]);

   //
   // Close handles
   //
   CloseHandle(fs[READ_FIBER].hFile);
   CloseHandle(fs[WRITE_FIBER].hFile);

   //
   // Free allocated memory
   //
   HeapFree(GetProcessHeap(), 0, g_lpBuffer);
   HeapFree(GetProcessHeap(), 0, fs);

   return RTN_OK;
}

VOID
__stdcall
ReadFiberFunc(
             LPVOID lpParameter
             )
{
   LPFIBERDATASTRUCT fds = (LPFIBERDATASTRUCT)lpParameter;

   //
   // If this fiber was passed NULL for fiber data, just return,
   // causing the current thread to exit
   //
   if (fds == NULL)
   {
      printf("Passed NULL fiber data; exiting current thread.\n");
      return;
   }

   //
   // Display some information pertaining to the current fiber
   //
   DisplayFiberInfo();

   fds->dwBytesProcessed = 0;

   while (1)
   {
      //
      // Read data from file specified in the READ_FIBER structure
      //
      if (!ReadFile(fds->hFile, g_lpBuffer, BUFFER_SIZE, 
         &g_dwBytesRead, NULL))
      {
         break;
      }

      //
      // if we reached EOF, break
      //
      if (g_dwBytesRead == 0) break;

      //
      // Update number of bytes processed in the fiber data structure
      //
      fds->dwBytesProcessed += g_dwBytesRead;

      //
      // Switch to the write fiber
      //
      SwitchToFiber(g_lpFiber[WRITE_FIBER]);
   } // while

   //
   // Update the fiber result code
   //
   fds->dwFiberResultCode = GetLastError();

   //
   // Switch back to the primary fiber
   //
   SwitchToFiber(g_lpFiber[PRIMARY_FIBER]);
}

VOID
__stdcall
WriteFiberFunc(
              LPVOID lpParameter
              )
{
   LPFIBERDATASTRUCT fds = (LPFIBERDATASTRUCT)lpParameter;
   DWORD dwBytesWritten;

   //
   // If this fiber was passed NULL for fiber data, just return,
   // causing the current thread to exit
   //
   if (fds == NULL)
   {
      printf("Passed NULL fiber data; exiting current thread.\n");
      return;
   }

   //
   // Display some information pertaining to the current fiber
   //
   DisplayFiberInfo();

   //
   // Assume all writes succeeded.  If a write fails, the fiber
   // result code will be updated to reflect the reason for failure
   //
   fds->dwBytesProcessed = 0;
   fds->dwFiberResultCode = ERROR_SUCCESS;

   while (1)
   {
      //
      // Write data to the file specified in the WRITE_FIBER structure
      //
      if (!WriteFile(fds->hFile, g_lpBuffer, g_dwBytesRead, 
         &dwBytesWritten, NULL))
      {
         //
         // If an error occurred writing, break
         //
         break;
      }

      //
      // Update number of bytes processed in the fiber data structure
      //
      fds->dwBytesProcessed += dwBytesWritten;

      //
      // Switch back to the read fiber
      //
      SwitchToFiber(g_lpFiber[READ_FIBER]);
   }  // while

   //
   // If an error occurred, update the fiber result code...
   //
   fds->dwFiberResultCode = GetLastError();

   //
   // ...and switch to the primary fiber
   //
   SwitchToFiber(g_lpFiber[PRIMARY_FIBER]);
}

void
DisplayFiberInfo(
                void
                )
{
   LPFIBERDATASTRUCT fds = (LPFIBERDATASTRUCT)GetFiberData();
   LPVOID lpCurrentFiber = GetCurrentFiber();

   //
   // Determine which fiber is executing, based on the fiber address
   //
   if (lpCurrentFiber == g_lpFiber[READ_FIBER])
      printf("Read fiber entered");
   else
   {
      if (lpCurrentFiber == g_lpFiber[WRITE_FIBER])
         printf("Write fiber entered");
      else
      {
         if (lpCurrentFiber == g_lpFiber[PRIMARY_FIBER])
            printf("Primary fiber entered");
         else
            printf("Unknown fiber entered");
      }
   }

   //
   // Display dwParameter from the current fiber data structure
   //
   printf(" (dwParameter is 0x%lx)\n", fds->dwParameter);
}

Contoh ini menggunakan struktur data serat yang digunakan untuk menentukan perilaku dan status serat. Satu struktur data ada untuk setiap serat; penunjuk ke struktur data diteruskan ke serat pada waktu pembuatan serat menggunakan parameter fungsi FiberProc .

Utas panggilan memanggil fungsi ConvertThreadToFiber , yang memungkinkan serat dijadwalkan oleh pemanggil. Ini juga memungkinkan serat dijadwalkan oleh serat lain. Selanjutnya, utas membuat dua serat tambahan, satu yang melakukan operasi baca terhadap file tertentu, dan yang lain yang melakukan operasi tulis terhadap file tertentu.

Serat utama memanggil fungsi SwitchToFiber untuk menjadwalkan serat baca. Setelah berhasil dibaca, serat baca menjadwalkan serat tulis. Setelah berhasil menulis dalam serat tulis, serat tulis menjadwalkan serat baca. Ketika siklus baca/tulis telah selesai, serat utama dijadwalkan, yang menghasilkan tampilan status baca/tulis. Jika terjadi kesalahan selama operasi baca atau tulis, serat utama dijadwalkan dan contoh menampilkan status operasi.

Sebelum penghentian proses, proses membebaskan serat menggunakan fungsi DeleteFiber , menutup handel file, dan membebaskan memori yang dialokasikan.

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Menggunakan Fiber

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