Contoh Program C: Operasi Penyimpanan Sertifikat
Contoh berikut menunjukkan sejumlah operasi penyimpanan sertifikat umum serta tugas dan fungsi CryptoAPI berikut:
- Membuka dan menutup penyimpanan memori dan sistem menggunakan CertOpenStore dan CertCloseStore.
- Menduplikasi toko terbuka menggunakan CertDuplicateStore.
- Menemukan di menyimpan sertifikat yang memenuhi beberapa kriteria menggunakan CertFindCertificateInStore.
- Membuat konteks sertifikat baru dari bagian yang dikodekan dari sertifikat yang ada menggunakan CertCreateCertificateContext.
- Menambahkan sertifikat yang diambil ke penyimpanan dalam memori menggunakan CertAddCertificateContextToStore.
- Menambahkan tautan ke sertifikat ke penyimpanan menggunakan CertAddCertificateLinkToStore.
- Menyimpan penyimpanan dalam memori ke file pada disk.
- Membuka dan menutup penyimpanan sertifikat berbasis file.
Contoh ini menggunakan fungsi MyHandleError. Kode untuk fungsi ini disertakan dengan sampel. Kode untuk ini dan fungsi tambahan lainnya juga tercantum di bawah Fungsi Tujuan Umum.
Contoh ini menggunakan fungsi CreateMyDACL , yang ditentukan dalam topik Membuat DACL , untuk memastikan file terbuka dibuat dengan DACL yang tepat.
Contoh ini membuat penyimpanan sertifikat dalam memori. Penyimpanan sistem dibuka dan diduplikasi. Sertifikat diambil dari penyimpanan sistem. Sertifikat baru dibuat dari bagian sertifikat yang dikodekan yang diambil. Sertifikat yang diambil ditambahkan ke penyimpanan memori. Sertifikat kedua diambil dari Penyimpanan saya dan tautan ke sertifikat tersebut ditambahkan ke penyimpanan memori. Sertifikat dan tautan kemudian diambil dari penyimpanan memori dan memori disimpan ke disk. Semua penyimpanan dan file ditutup. Selanjutnya, penyimpanan file dibuka kembali dan pencarian dilakukan untuk tautan sertifikat. Keberhasilan program ini tergantung pada toko Saya yang tersedia. Penyimpanan tersebut harus menyertakan sertifikat dengan subjek "Insert_cert_subject_name1," dan sertifikat kedua dengan subjek "Insert_cert_subject_name2." Nama subjek harus diubah menjadi nama subjek sertifikat yang diketahui berada di Penyimpanan saya.
#include <stdio.h>
#include <windows.h>
#include <Wincrypt.h>
#define MY_ENCODING_TYPE (PKCS_7_ASN_ENCODING | X509_ASN_ENCODING)
void MyHandleError(char *s);
void main(void)
{
//--------------------------------------------------------------------
// Copyright (C) Microsoft. All rights reserved.
// Declare and initialize variables.
HCERTSTORE hSystemStore; // System store handle
HCERTSTORE hMemoryStore; // Memory store handle
HCERTSTORE hDuplicateStore; // Handle for a store to be
// created
// as a duplicate of an open
// store
PCCERT_CONTEXT pDesiredCert = NULL; // Set to NULL for the first
// call to
// CertFindCertificateInStore
PCCERT_CONTEXT pCertContext;
HANDLE hStoreFileHandle ; // Output file handle
LPWSTR pszFileName = L"TestStor.sto"; // Output file name
SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES sa; // For DACL
//-------------------------------------------------------------------
// Open a new certificate store in memory.
if(hMemoryStore = CertOpenStore(
CERT_STORE_PROV_MEMORY, // Memory store
0, // Encoding type
// not used with a memory store
NULL, // Use the default provider
0, // No flags
NULL)) // Not needed
{
printf("Opened a memory store. \n");
}
else
{
MyHandleError( "Error opening a memory store.");
}
//-------------------------------------------------------------------
// Open the My system store using CertOpenStore.
if(hSystemStore = CertOpenStore(
CERT_STORE_PROV_SYSTEM, // System store will be a
// virtual store
0, // Encoding type not needed
// with this PROV
NULL, // Accept the default HCRYPTPROV
CERT_SYSTEM_STORE_CURRENT_USER,
// Set the system store location in the
// registry
L"MY")) // Could have used other predefined
// system stores
// including Trust, CA, or Root
{
printf("Opened the MY system store. \n");
}
else
{
MyHandleError( "Could not open the MY system store.");
}
//-------------------------------------------------------------------
// Create a duplicate of the My store.
if(hDuplicateStore = CertDuplicateStore(hSystemStore))
{
printf("The MY store is duplicated.\n");
}
else
{
printf("Duplication of the MY store failed.\n.");
}
//-------------------------------------------------------------------
// Close the duplicate store.
if(hDuplicateStore)
CertCloseStore(
hDuplicateStore,
CERT_CLOSE_STORE_CHECK_FLAG);
//-------------------------------------------------------------------
// Get a certificate that has the string "Insert_cert_subject_name1"
// in its subject.
if(pDesiredCert=CertFindCertificateInStore(
hSystemStore,
MY_ENCODING_TYPE, // Use X509_ASN_ENCODING
0, // No dwFlags needed
CERT_FIND_SUBJECT_STR, // Find a certificate with a
// subject that matches the
// string in the next parameter
L"Insert_cert_subject_name1", // The Unicode string to be found
// in a certificate's subject
NULL)) // NULL for the first call to the
// function
// In all subsequent
// calls, it is the last pointer
// returned by the function
{
printf("The desired certificate was found. \n");
}
else
{
MyHandleError("Could not find the desired certificate.");
}
//-------------------------------------------------------------------
// pDesiredCert is a pointer to a certificate with a subject that
// includes the string "Insert_cert_subject_name1", the string is
// passed as parameter #5 to the function.
//------------------------------------------------------------------
// Create a new certificate from the encoded part of
// an available certificate.
if(pCertContext = CertCreateCertificateContext(
MY_ENCODING_TYPE , // Encoding type
pDesiredCert->pbCertEncoded, // Encoded data from
// the certificate retrieved
pDesiredCert->cbCertEncoded)) // Length of the encoded data
{
printf("A new certificate has been created.\n");
}
else
{
MyHandleError("A new certificate could not be created.");
}
//-------------------------------------------------------------------
// Add the certificate from the My store to the new memory store.
if(CertAddCertificateContextToStore(
hMemoryStore, // Store handle
pDesiredCert, // Pointer to a certificate
CERT_STORE_ADD_USE_EXISTING,
NULL))
{
printf("Certificate added to the memory store. \n");
}
else
{
MyHandleError("Could not add the certificate "
"to the memory store.");
}
//-------------------------------------------------------------------
// Find a different certificate in the My store, and add to it a link
// to the memory store.
//-------------------------------------------------------------------
// Find the certificate context just added to the memory store.
if(pDesiredCert)
CertFreeCertificateContext(pDesiredCert);
if(pDesiredCert=CertFindCertificateInStore(
hSystemStore,
MY_ENCODING_TYPE, // Use X509_ASN_ENCODING
0, // no dwFlags needed
CERT_FIND_SUBJECT_STR, // Find a certificate with a
// subject that matches the
// string in the next parameter
L"Insert_cert_subject_name2",// The Unicode string to be found
// in a certificate's subject
NULL)) // NULL for the first call to the
// function
// In all subsequent
// calls, it is the last pointer
// returned by the function
{
printf("The second certificate was found. \n");
}
else
{
MyHandleError("Could not find the second certificate.");
}
//-------------------------------------------------------------------
// Add a link to the second certificate from the My store to
// the new memory store.
if(CertAddCertificateLinkToStore(
hMemoryStore, // Store handle
pDesiredCert, // Pointer to a certificate
CERT_STORE_ADD_USE_EXISTING,
NULL))
{
printf("Certificate link added to the memory store. \n");
}
else
{
MyHandleError("Could not add the certificate link to the "
"memory store.");
}
//--------------------------------------------------------------------
// Find the first certificate in the memory store.
if(pDesiredCert)
CertFreeCertificateContext(pDesiredCert);
if(pDesiredCert=CertFindCertificateInStore(
hMemoryStore,
MY_ENCODING_TYPE, // Use X509_ASN_ENCODING
0, // No dwFlags needed
CERT_FIND_SUBJECT_STR, // Find a certificate with a
// subject that matches the string
// in the next parameter
L"Insert_cert_subject_name1",// The Unicode string to be found
// in a certificate's subject
NULL)) // NULL for the first call to the
// function
// In all subsequent
// calls, it is the last pointer
// returned by the function
{
printf("The desired certificate was found in the "
"memory store. \n");
}
else
{
printf("Certificate not in the memory store.\n");
}
//-------------------------------------------------------------------
// Find the certificate link in the memory store.
if(pDesiredCert)
CertFreeCertificateContext(pDesiredCert);
if(pDesiredCert=CertFindCertificateInStore(
hMemoryStore,
MY_ENCODING_TYPE, // Use X509_ASN_ENCODING
0, // No dwFlags needed
CERT_FIND_SUBJECT_STR, // Find a certificate with a
// subject that matches the
// string in the next parameter
L"Insert_cert_subject_name1",// The Unicode string to be found
// in a certificate's subject
NULL)) // NULL for the first call to the
// function
// In all subsequent
// calls, it is the last pointer
// returned by the function
{
printf("The certificate link was found in the memory store. \n");
}
else
{
printf("The certificate link was not in the memory store.\n");
}
//-------------------------------------------------------------------
// Create a file in which to save the new store and certificate.
// Create a DACL for the file.
sa.nLength = sizeof(SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES);
sa.bInheritHandle = FALSE;
// Call the function to set the DACL. The DACL
// is set in the SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES
// lpSecurityDescriptor member.
// if !CreateMyDACL(&sa), call MyHandleError("CreateMyDACL failed.");
if(hStoreFileHandle = CreateFile(
pszFileName, // File path
GENERIC_WRITE, // Access mode
0, // Share mode
&sa, // Security
CREATE_ALWAYS, // How to create the file
FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL,
// File attributes
NULL)) // Template
{
printf("Created a new file on disk. \n");
}
else
{
MyHandleError("Could not create a file on disk.");
}
//-------------------------------------------------------------------
// hStoreFileHandle is the output file handle.
// Save the memory store and its certificate to the output file.
if( CertSaveStore(
hMemoryStore, // Store handle
0, // Encoding type not needed here
CERT_STORE_SAVE_AS_STORE,
CERT_STORE_SAVE_TO_FILE,
hStoreFileHandle, // This is the handle of an open disk file
0)) // dwFlags
// No flags needed here
{
printf("Saved the memory store to disk. \n");
}
else
{
MyHandleError("Could not save the memory store to disk.");
}
//-------------------------------------------------------------------
// Close the stores and the file. Reopen the file store,
// and check its contents.
if(hMemoryStore)
CertCloseStore(
hMemoryStore,
CERT_CLOSE_STORE_CHECK_FLAG);
if(hSystemStore)
CertCloseStore(
hSystemStore,
CERT_CLOSE_STORE_CHECK_FLAG);
if(hStoreFileHandle)
CloseHandle(hStoreFileHandle);
printf("All of the stores and files are closed. \n");
//-------------------------------------------------------------------
// Reopen the file store.
if(hMemoryStore = CertOpenStore(
CERT_STORE_PROV_FILENAME, // Store provider type
MY_ENCODING_TYPE, // If needed, use the usual
// encoding types
NULL, // Use the default HCRYPTPROV
0, // Accept the default for all
// dwFlags
L"TestStor.sto" )) // The name of an existing file
// as a Unicode string
{
printf("The file store has been reopened. \n");
}
else
{
printf("The file store could not be reopened. \n");
}
//-------------------------------------------------------------------
// Find the certificate link in the reopened file store.
if(pDesiredCert)
CertFreeCertificateContext(pDesiredCert);
if(pDesiredCert=CertFindCertificateInStore(
hMemoryStore,
MY_ENCODING_TYPE, // Use X509_ASN_ENCODING
0, // No dwFlags needed
CERT_FIND_SUBJECT_STR, // Find a certificate with a
// subject that matches the string
// in the next parameter
L"Insert_cert_subject_name1",// The Unicode string to be found
// in a certificate's subject
NULL)) // NULL for the first call to the
// function
// In all subsequent
// calls, it is the last pointer
// returned by the function
{
printf("The certificate link was found in the file store. \n");
}
else
{
printf("The certificate link was not in the file store.\n");
}
//-------------------------------------------------------------------
// Clean up memory and end.
if(pDesiredCert)
CertFreeCertificateContext(pDesiredCert);
if(hMemoryStore)
CertCloseStore(
hMemoryStore,
CERT_CLOSE_STORE_CHECK_FLAG);
if(hSystemStore)
CertCloseStore(
hSystemStore,
CERT_CLOSE_STORE_CHECK_FLAG);
if(hStoreFileHandle)
CloseHandle(hStoreFileHandle);
printf("All of the stores and files are closed. \n");
return;
} // end main
//-------------------------------------------------------------------
// This example uses the function MyHandleError, a simple error
// handling function, to print an error message and exit
// the program.
// For most applications, replace this function with one
// that does more extensive error reporting.
void MyHandleError(char *s)
{
fprintf(stderr,"An error occurred in running the program. \n");
fprintf(stderr,"%s\n",s);
fprintf(stderr, "Error number %x.\n", GetLastError());
fprintf(stderr, "Program terminating. \n");
exit(1);
} // end MyHandleError
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