Contoh Pemicu Pendaftaran (C++)
Contoh C++ ini menunjukkan cara membuat tugas yang dijadwalkan untuk menjalankan Notepad saat tugas terdaftar. Tugas ini berisi pemicu pendaftaran yang menentukan batas awal dan batas akhir untuk tugas dan juga penundaan untuk tugas tersebut. Batas awal menentukan kapan pemicu diaktifkan, dan penundaan mengatur jumlah waktu antara ketika tugas didaftarkan dan ketika tugas dimulai. Tugas ini juga berisi tindakan yang menentukan tugas untuk menjalankan Notepad.
Catatan
Ketika tugas dengan pemicu pendaftaran diperbarui, tugas akan dijalankan setelah pembaruan terjadi.
Prosedur berikut menjelaskan cara menjadwalkan tugas untuk memulai tugas yang dapat dieksekusi saat tugas didaftarkan.
Untuk menjadwalkan Notepad untuk memulai saat tugas didaftarkan
- Inisialisasi COM dan atur keamanan COM umum.
- Buat objek ITaskService . Objek ini memungkinkan Anda membuat tugas dalam folder tertentu.
- Dapatkan folder tugas untuk membuat tugas. Gunakan metode ITaskService::GetFolder untuk mendapatkan folder, dan metode ITaskService::NewTask untuk membuat objek ITaskDefinition .
- Tentukan informasi tentang tugas menggunakan objek ITaskDefinition , seperti informasi pendaftaran untuk tugas tersebut. Gunakan properti RegistrationInfo dari ITaskDefinition dan properti lain dari antarmuka ITaskDefinition untuk menentukan informasi tugas.
- Buat pemicu pendaftaran menggunakan properti Pemicu ITaskDefinition untuk mengakses ITriggerCollection untuk tugas tersebut. Gunakan metode ITriggerCollection::Create (menentukan jenis pemicu yang ingin Anda buat) untuk membuat pemicu pendaftaran.
- Buat tindakan untuk tugas yang akan dijalankan dengan menggunakan properti Tindakan ITaskDefinition untuk mengakses antarmuka IActionCollection untuk tugas tersebut. Gunakan metode IActionCollection::Create untuk menentukan jenis tindakan yang ingin Anda buat. Contoh ini menggunakan objek IExecAction , yang mewakili tindakan yang menjalankan operasi baris perintah.
- Daftarkan tugas menggunakan metode ITaskFolder::RegisterTaskDefinition .
Contoh C++ berikut menunjukkan cara menjadwalkan tugas untuk menjalankan Notepad 30 detik setelah tugas didaftarkan.
/********************************************************************
This sample schedules a task to start notepad.exe 30 seconds after
the task is registered.
********************************************************************/
#define _WIN32_DCOM
#include <windows.h>
#include <iostream>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <comdef.h>
#include <wincred.h>
// Include the task header file.
#include <taskschd.h>
#pragma comment(lib, "taskschd.lib")
#pragma comment(lib, "comsupp.lib")
#pragma comment(lib, "credui.lib")
using namespace std;
int __cdecl wmain()
{
// ------------------------------------------------------
// Initialize COM.
HRESULT hr = CoInitializeEx(NULL, COINIT_MULTITHREADED);
if( FAILED(hr) )
{
printf("\nCoInitializeEx failed: %x", hr );
return 1;
}
// Set general COM security levels.
hr = CoInitializeSecurity(
NULL,
-1,
NULL,
NULL,
RPC_C_AUTHN_LEVEL_PKT_PRIVACY,
RPC_C_IMP_LEVEL_IMPERSONATE,
NULL,
0,
NULL);
if( FAILED(hr) )
{
printf("\nCoInitializeSecurity failed: %x", hr );
CoUninitialize();
return 1;
}
// ------------------------------------------------------
// Create a name for the task.
LPCWSTR wszTaskName = L"Registration Trigger Test Task";
// Get the windows directory and set the path to notepad.exe.
wstring wstrExecutablePath = _wgetenv( L"WINDIR");
wstrExecutablePath += L"\\SYSTEM32\\NOTEPAD.EXE";
// ------------------------------------------------------
// Create an instance of the Task Service.
ITaskService *pService = NULL;
hr = CoCreateInstance( CLSID_TaskScheduler,
NULL,
CLSCTX_INPROC_SERVER,
IID_ITaskService,
(void**)&pService );
if (FAILED(hr))
{
printf("Failed to create an instance of ITaskService: %x", hr);
CoUninitialize();
return 1;
}
// Connect to the task service.
hr = pService->Connect(_variant_t(), _variant_t(),
_variant_t(), _variant_t());
if( FAILED(hr) )
{
printf("ITaskService::Connect failed: %x", hr );
pService->Release();
CoUninitialize();
return 1;
}
// ------------------------------------------------------
// Get the pointer to the root task folder. This folder will hold the
// new task that is registered.
ITaskFolder *pRootFolder = NULL;
hr = pService->GetFolder( _bstr_t( L"\\") , &pRootFolder );
if( FAILED(hr) )
{
printf("Cannot get Root Folder pointer: %x", hr );
pService->Release();
CoUninitialize();
return 1;
}
// If the same task exists, remove it.
hr = pRootFolder->DeleteTask( _bstr_t( wszTaskName), 0 );
// Create the task builder object to create the task.
ITaskDefinition *pTask = NULL;
hr = pService->NewTask( 0, &pTask );
pService->Release(); // COM clean up. Pointer is no longer used.
if (FAILED(hr))
{
printf("Failed to create a task definition: %x", hr);
pRootFolder->Release();
CoUninitialize();
return 1;
}
// ------------------------------------------------------
// Get the registration info for setting the identification.
IRegistrationInfo *pRegInfo= NULL;
hr = pTask->get_RegistrationInfo( &pRegInfo );
if( FAILED(hr) )
{
printf("\nCannot get identification pointer: %x", hr );
pRootFolder->Release();
pTask->Release();
CoUninitialize();
return 1;
}
hr = pRegInfo->put_Author( L"Author Name" );
pRegInfo->Release();
if( FAILED(hr) )
{
printf("\nCannot put identification info: %x", hr );
pRootFolder->Release();
pTask->Release();
CoUninitialize();
return 1;
}
// ------------------------------------------------------
// Create the principal for the task
IPrincipal *pPrincipal = NULL;
hr = pTask->get_Principal( &pPrincipal );
if( FAILED(hr) )
{
printf("\nCannot get principal pointer: %x", hr );
pRootFolder->Release();
pTask->Release();
CoUninitialize();
return 1;
}
// Set up principal information:
hr = pPrincipal->put_Id( _bstr_t(L"Principal1") );
if( FAILED(hr) )
printf("\nCannot put the principal ID: %x", hr);
hr = pPrincipal->put_LogonType( TASK_LOGON_INTERACTIVE_TOKEN );
if( FAILED(hr) )
printf("\nCannot put principal logon type: %x", hr);
// Run the task with the least privileges (LUA)
hr = pPrincipal->put_RunLevel( TASK_RUNLEVEL_LUA );
pPrincipal->Release();
if( FAILED(hr) )
{
printf("\nCannot put principal run level: %x", hr );
pRootFolder->Release();
pTask->Release();
CoUninitialize();
return 1;
}
// ------------------------------------------------------
// Create the settings for the task
ITaskSettings *pSettings = NULL;
hr = pTask->get_Settings( &pSettings );
if( FAILED(hr) )
{
printf("\nCannot get settings pointer: %x", hr );
pRootFolder->Release();
pTask->Release();
CoUninitialize();
return 1;
}
// Set setting values for the task.
hr = pSettings->put_StartWhenAvailable(VARIANT_TRUE);
pSettings->Release();
if( FAILED(hr) )
{
printf("\nCannot put setting info: %x", hr );
pRootFolder->Release();
pTask->Release();
CoUninitialize();
return 1;
}
// ------------------------------------------------------
// Get the trigger collection to insert the registration trigger.
ITriggerCollection *pTriggerCollection = NULL;
hr = pTask->get_Triggers( &pTriggerCollection );
if( FAILED(hr) )
{
printf("\nCannot get trigger collection: %x", hr );
pRootFolder->Release();
pTask->Release();
CoUninitialize();
return 1;
}
// Add the registration trigger to the task.
ITrigger *pTrigger = NULL;
hr = pTriggerCollection->Create( TASK_TRIGGER_REGISTRATION, &pTrigger );
pTriggerCollection->Release();
if( FAILED(hr) )
{
printf("\nCannot create a registration trigger: %x", hr );
pRootFolder->Release();
pTask->Release();
CoUninitialize();
return 1;
}
IRegistrationTrigger *pRegistrationTrigger = NULL;
hr = pTrigger->QueryInterface(
IID_IRegistrationTrigger, (void**) &pRegistrationTrigger );
pTrigger->Release();
if( FAILED(hr) )
{
printf("\nQueryInterface call failed on IRegistrationTrigger: %x", hr );
pRootFolder->Release();
pTask->Release();
CoUninitialize();
return 1;
}
hr = pRegistrationTrigger->put_Id( _bstr_t( L"Trigger1" ) );
if( FAILED(hr) )
printf("\nCannot put trigger ID: %x", hr);
// Define the delay for the registration trigger.
hr = pRegistrationTrigger->put_Delay( L"PT30S" );
pRegistrationTrigger->Release();
if( FAILED(hr) )
{
printf("\nCannot put registration trigger delay: %x", hr );
pRootFolder->Release();
pTask->Release();
CoUninitialize();
return 1;
}
// ------------------------------------------------------
// Add an Action to the task. This task will execute notepad.exe.
IActionCollection *pActionCollection = NULL;
// Get the task action collection pointer.
hr = pTask->get_Actions( &pActionCollection );
if( FAILED(hr) )
{
printf("\nCannot get Task collection pointer: %x", hr );
pRootFolder->Release();
pTask->Release();
CoUninitialize();
return 1;
}
// Create the action, specifying that it is an executable action.
IAction *pAction = NULL;
hr = pActionCollection->Create( TASK_ACTION_EXEC, &pAction );
pActionCollection->Release();
if( FAILED(hr) )
{
printf("\nCannot create action: %x", hr );
pRootFolder->Release();
pTask->Release();
CoUninitialize();
return 1;
}
IExecAction *pExecAction = NULL;
// QI for the executable task pointer.
hr = pAction->QueryInterface(
IID_IExecAction, (void**) &pExecAction );
pAction->Release();
if( FAILED(hr) )
{
printf("\nQueryInterface call failed for IExecAction: %x", hr );
pRootFolder->Release();
pTask->Release();
CoUninitialize();
return 1;
}
// Set the path of the executable to notepad.exe.
hr = pExecAction->put_Path( _bstr_t( wstrExecutablePath.c_str() ) );
pExecAction->Release();
if( FAILED(hr) )
{
printf("\nCannot put the action executable path: %x", hr );
pRootFolder->Release();
pTask->Release();
CoUninitialize();
return 1;
}
// ------------------------------------------------------
// Save the task in the root folder.
IRegisteredTask *pRegisteredTask = NULL;
hr = pRootFolder->RegisterTaskDefinition(
_bstr_t( wszTaskName ),
pTask,
TASK_CREATE_OR_UPDATE,
_variant_t(),
_variant_t(),
TASK_LOGON_INTERACTIVE_TOKEN,
_variant_t(L""),
&pRegisteredTask);
if( FAILED(hr) )
{
printf("\nError saving the Task : %x", hr );
pRootFolder->Release();
pTask->Release();
CoUninitialize();
return 1;
}
printf("\n Success! Task successfully registered. " );
// Clean up.
pRootFolder->Release();
pTask->Release();
pRegisteredTask->Release();
CoUninitialize();
return 0;
}
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