Pelacakan kode QR (C# dan C++)

Sebelum memulai di sini, kami sarankan Anda melihat artikel ringkasan pelacakan kode QR kami yang berisi gambaran umum, tabel dukungan perangkat, dan praktik terbaik.

Mendapatkan paket QR

Anda dapat mengunduh paket NuGet untuk deteksi kode QR di sini.

Mendeteksi kode QR

Menambahkan kemampuan webcam

Anda harus menambahkan kemampuan webcam ke manifes Anda untuk mendeteksi kode QR. Kemampuan ini diperlukan karena data dalam kode yang terdeteksi di lingkungan pengguna mungkin berisi informasi sensitif.

Izin dapat diminta dengan memanggil QRCodeWatcher.RequestAccessAsync():

C#:

await QRCodeWatcher.RequestAccessAsync();

C++:

co_await QRCodeWatcher.RequestAccessAsync();

Izin harus diminta sebelum Anda membuat objek QRCodeWatcher.

Meskipun deteksi kode QR memerlukan webcam kemampuan, deteksi terjadi menggunakan kamera pelacakan perangkat. Ini memberikan FOV deteksi yang lebih luas dan masa pakai baterai yang lebih baik dibandingkan dengan deteksi dengan kamera foto/video (PV) perangkat.

Mendeteksi kode QR di C++

using namespace winrt::Windows::Foundation;
using namespace winrt::Microsoft::MixedReality::QR;

class QRListHelper
{
public:
    QRListHelper(MyApplication& app) :
        m_app(app)
    {}

    IAsyncAction SetUpQRCodes()
    {
        if (QRCodeWatcher::IsSupported())
        {
            QRCodeWatcherAccessStatus status = co_await QRCodeWatcher::RequestAccessAsync();
            InitializeQR(status);
        }
    }

private:
    void OnAddedQRCode(const IInspectable&, const QRCodeAddedEventArgs& args)
    {
        m_app.OnAddedQRCode(args);
    }

    void OnUpdatedQRCode(const IInspectable&, const QRCodeUpdatedEventArgs& args)
    {
        m_app.OnUpdatedQRCode(args);
    }

    void OnEnumerationComplete(const IInspectable&, const IInspectable&)
    {
        m_app.OnEnumerationComplete();
    }

    MyApplication& m_app;
    QRCodeWatcher m_qrWatcher{ nullptr };

    void InitializeQR(QRCodeWatcherAccessStatus status)
    {
        if (status == QRCodeWatcherAccessStatus::Allowed)
        {
            m_qrWatcher = QRCodeWatcher();
            m_qrWatcher.Added({ this, &QRListHelper::OnAddedQRCode });
            m_qrWatcher.Updated({ this, &QRListHelper::OnUpdatedQRCode });
            m_qrWatcher.EnumerationCompleted({ this, &QRListHelper::OnEnumerationComplete });
            m_qrWatcher.Start();
        }
        else
        {
            // Permission denied by system or user
            // Handle the failures
        }
    }
};

Mendapatkan sistem koordinat untuk kode QR

Setiap kode QR yang terdeteksi mengekspos sistem koordinat spasial yang selaras dengan kode QR di sudut kiri atas persegi deteksi cepat di kiri atas:

Saat langsung menggunakan QR SDK, sumbu Z menunjuk ke kertas (tidak ditampilkan).

SpatialCoordinateSystem kode QR selaras seperti yang ditunjukkan. Anda bisa mendapatkan sistem koordinat dari platform dengan memanggil SpatialGraphInteropPreview::CreateCoordinateSystemForNode dan meneruskan SpatialGraphNodeId kode.

Kode C++ di bawah ini menunjukkan cara membuat persegi panjang dan menempatkannya menggunakan sistem koordinat kode QR:

// Creates a 2D rectangle in the x-y plane, with the specified properties.
std::vector<float3> MyApplication::CreateRectangle(float width, float height)
{
    std::vector<float3> vertices(4);

    vertices[0] = { 0, 0, 0 };
    vertices[1] = { width, 0, 0 };
    vertices[2] = { width, height, 0 };
    vertices[3] = { 0, height, 0 };

    return vertices;
}

Anda dapat menggunakan ukuran fisik untuk membuat persegi QR:

std::vector<float3> qrVertices = CreateRectangle(code.PhysicalSideLength(), code.PhysicalSideLength()); 

Sistem koordinat dapat digunakan untuk menggambar kode QR atau melampirkan hologram ke lokasi:

using namespace winrt::Windows::Perception::Spatial;
using namespace winrt::Windows::Perception::Spatial::Preview;
SpatialCoordinateSystem qrCoordinateSystem = SpatialGraphInteropPreview::CreateCoordinateSystemForNode(code.SpatialGraphNodeId());

Sekali lagi, QRCodeAddedHandler Anda mungkin terlihat seperti ini:

void MyApplication::OnAddedQRCode(const QRCodeAddedEventArgs& args)
{
    QRCode code = args.Code();
    std::vector<float3> qrVertices = CreateRectangle(code.PhysicalSideLength(), code.PhysicalSideLength());
    std::vector<unsigned short> qrCodeIndices = TriangulatePoints(qrVertices);
    XMFLOAT3 qrAreaColor = XMFLOAT3(DirectX::Colors::Aqua);

    SpatialCoordinateSystem qrCoordinateSystem = SpatialGraphInteropPreview::CreateCoordinateSystemForNode(code.SpatialGraphNodeId());
    std::shared_ptr<SceneObject> m_qrShape =
        std::make_shared<SceneObject>(
            m_deviceResources,
            qrVertices,
            qrCodeIndices,
            qrAreaColor,
            qrCoordinateSystem);

    m_sceneController->AddSceneObject(m_qrShape);
}

Referensi QR Code tracking API

namespace Microsoft.MixedReality.QR
{
    /// <summary>
    /// Represents a detected QR code.
    /// </remarks>
    public class QRCode
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// Unique id that identifies this QR code for this session.
        /// </summary>
        public Guid Id { get; }

        /// <summary>
        /// Spatial graph node id for this QR code to create a coordinate system.
        /// </summary>
        public Guid SpatialGraphNodeId { get; }

        /// <summary>
        /// Version of this QR code. Version 1-40 are regular QR codes and M1 to M4 are Micro QR code formats 1-4.
        /// </summary>
        public QRVersion Version { get; }

        /// <summary>
        /// Physical width and height of this QR code in meters.
        /// </summary>
        public float PhysicalSideLength { get; }

        /// <summary>
        /// Decoded QR code data.
        /// </summary>
        public String Data { get; }

        /// <summary>
        /// Size of the RawData of this QR code.
        /// </summary>
        public UInt32 RawDataSize { get; }

        /// <summary>
        /// Gets the error-corrected raw data bytes.
        /// Used when the platform is unable to decode the code's format,
        /// allowing your app to decode as needed.
        /// </summary>
        public void GetRawData(byte[] buffer);

        /// <summary>
        /// The last detected time in 100ns QPC ticks.
        /// </summary>
        public System.TimeSpan SystemRelativeLastDetectedTime { get; }

        /// <summary>
        /// The last detected time.
        /// </summary>
        public System.DateTimeOffset LastDetectedTime { get; }
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Event arguments for a QRCodeWatcher's Added event.
    /// </summary>
    public class QRCodeAddedEventArgs
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// Gets the QR Code that was added
        /// </summary>
        public QRCode Code { get; }
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Event arguments for a QRCodeWatcher's Removed event.
    /// </summary>
    public class QRCodeRemovedEventArgs
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// Gets the QR Code that was removed.
        /// </summary>
        public QRCode Code { get; }
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Event arguments for a QRCodeWatcher's Updated event.
    /// </summary>
    public class QRCodeUpdatedEventArgs
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// Gets the QR Code that was updated.
        /// </summary>
        public QRCode Code { get; }
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Represents the status of an access request for QR code detection.
    /// </summary>
    public enum QRCodeWatcherAccessStatus
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// The system has denied permission for the app to detect QR codes.
        /// </summary>
        DeniedBySystem = 0,
        /// <summary>
        /// The app has not declared the webcam capability in its manifest.
        /// </summary>
        NotDeclaredByApp = 1,
        /// <summary>
        /// The user has denied permission for the app to detect QR codes.
        /// </summary>
        DeniedByUser = 2,
        /// <summary>
        /// A user prompt is required to get permission to detect QR codes.
        /// </summary>
        UserPromptRequired = 3,
        /// <summary>
        /// The user has given permission to detect QR codes.
        /// </summary>
        Allowed = 4,
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Detects QR codes in the user's environment.
    /// </summary>
    public class QRCodeWatcher
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// Gets whether QR code detection is supported on the current device.
        /// </summary>
        public static bool IsSupported();

        /// <summary>
        /// Request user consent before using QR code detection.
        /// </summary>
        public static IAsyncOperation<QRCodeWatcherAccessStatus> RequestAccessAsync();

        /// <summary>
        /// Constructs a new QRCodeWatcher.
        /// </summary>
        public QRCodeWatcher();

        /// <summary>
        /// Starts detecting QR codes.
        /// </summary>
        /// <remarks>
        /// Start should only be called once RequestAccessAsync has succeeded.
        /// Start should not be called if QR code detection is not supported.
        /// Check that IsSupported returns true before calling Start.
        /// </remarks>
        public void Start();

        /// <summary>
        /// Stops detecting QR codes.
        /// </summary>
        public void Stop();

        /// <summary>
        /// Get the list of QR codes detected.
        /// </summary>
        /// <remarks>
        /// </remarks>
        public IList<QRCode> GetList();

        /// <summary>
        /// Event representing the addition of a QR Code.
        /// </summary>
        public event EventHandler<QRCodeAddedEventArgs> Added;

        /// <summary>
        /// Event representing the removal of a QR Code.
        /// </summary>
        public event EventHandler<QRCodeRemovedEventArgs> Removed;

        /// <summary>
        /// Event representing the update of a QR Code.
        /// </summary>
        public event EventHandler<QRCodeUpdatedEventArgs> Updated;

        /// <summary>
        /// Event representing the enumeration of QR Codes completing after a Start call.
        /// </summary>
        public event EventHandler<Object> EnumerationCompleted;
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Version info for QR codes, including Micro QR codes.
    /// </summary>
    public enum QRVersion
    {
        QR1 = 1,
        QR2 = 2,
        QR3 = 3,
        QR4 = 4,
        QR5 = 5,
        QR6 = 6,
        QR7 = 7,
        QR8 = 8,
        QR9 = 9,
        QR10 = 10,
        QR11 = 11,
        QR12 = 12,
        QR13 = 13,
        QR14 = 14,
        QR15 = 15,
        QR16 = 16,
        QR17 = 17,
        QR18 = 18,
        QR19 = 19,
        QR20 = 20,
        QR21 = 21,
        QR22 = 22,
        QR23 = 23,
        QR24 = 24,
        QR25 = 25,
        QR26 = 26,
        QR27 = 27,
        QR28 = 28,
        QR29 = 29,
        QR30 = 30,
        QR31 = 31,
        QR32 = 32,
        QR33 = 33,
        QR34 = 34,
        QR35 = 35,
        QR36 = 36,
        QR37 = 37,
        QR38 = 38,
        QR39 = 39,
        QR40 = 40,
        MicroQRM1 = 41,
        MicroQRM2 = 42,
        MicroQRM3 = 43,
        MicroQRM4 = 44,
    }
}

Lihat juga

• Gambaran umum pelacakan kode QR
• Pelacakan kode QR di Unity
• Sistem koordinat