Mengambil Nama Penghitung dan Teks Bantuan
Data performa berisi nilai indeks yang Anda gunakan untuk menemukan nama dan teks bantuan untuk setiap objek dan penghitung terdaftar. Anggota ObjectNameTitleIndex dan ObjectHelpTitleIndex dari struktur PERF_OBJECT_TYPE berisi nilai indeks ke nama objek dan teks bantuan, masing-masing, dan anggota CounterNameTitleIndex dan CounterHelpTitleIndex dari struktur PERF_COUNTER_DEFINITION berisi nilai indeks ke nama penghitung dan teks bantuan.
Untuk mengambil nama atau teks bantuan, panggil fungsi RegQueryValueEx . Atur parameter hKey ke salah satu kunci yang telah ditentukan sebelumnya berikut. Biasanya, Anda akan menggunakan kunci HKEY_PERFORMANCE_NLSTEXT , jadi Anda tidak perlu menentukan pengidentifikasi bahasa pengguna.
Kunci | Deskripsi |
---|---|
HKEY_PERFORMANCE_DATA | String kueri berdasarkan nilai pengidentifikasi bahasa yang Anda tentukan dalam parameter lpValueName . Atur parameter lpValueName ke "Counter <langid>" atau "Help <langid>" untuk mengambil nama atau teks bantuan, masing-masing, di mana "<langid>" adalah pengidentifikasi bahasa sistem yang diformat sebagai angka heksa 3 digit nol-padded. Pengidentifikasi bahasa bersifat opsional. Jika Anda tidak menentukan pengidentifikasi bahasa, fungsi mengembalikan string bahasa Inggris. Periksa kunci HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\Perflib registri untuk daftar bahasa yang tersedia di sistem Anda.Untuk mengambil teks dalam sebagian besar bahasa, tentukan pengidentifikasi bahasa utama saja. Misalnya, untuk mengambil string bahasa Inggris, tentukan pengidentifikasi bahasa sebagai 009, bukan 1033 untuk Bahasa Inggris-AS. Untuk mengambil teks Bahasa Tionghoa dan Portugis, tentukan pengidentifikasi primer dan sublanguage. Windows Server 2003 dan Windows XP: Tentukan hanya pengidentifikasi bahasa utama untuk bahasa Portugis. Windows 10: Teks "Bantuan <langid>" dengan pengidentifikasi bahasa kustom selalu mengembalikan string dalam bahasa Inggris, meskipun nilai yang dilokalkan masih dapat diambil dari registri menggunakan kunci yang disebutkan di atas. |
HKEY_PERFORMANCE_NLSTEXT | String kueri berdasarkan bahasa UI default pengguna saat ini. Atur parameter lpValueName ke "Penghitung" atau "Bantuan" untuk mengambil nama atau teks bantuan. |
HKEY_PERFORMANCE_TEXT | Mengkueri string bahasa Inggris. Atur parameter lpValueName ke "Penghitung" atau "Bantuan" untuk mengambil nama atau teks bantuan. |
Fungsi mengembalikan data sebagai daftar string. Setiap string dihentikan null. String terakhir diikuti oleh terminator null tambahan. String dicantumkan berpasangan. String pertama dari setiap pasangan adalah indeks, dan string kedua adalah teks yang terkait dengan indeks. Data penghitung hanya menggunakan indeks bernomor genap, sementara data bantuan menggunakan indeks bernomor ganjil. Pasangan dikembalikan dalam meningkatkan urutan indeks.
Daftar berikut menunjukkan contoh penghitung dan data bantuan. Menambah nilai indeks penghitung tertentu satu per satu memberi Anda indeks ke teks bantuan penghitung. Misalnya, 7 adalah indeks bantuan yang terkait dengan indeks penghitung 6.
Pasangan data penghitung.
- 2 Sistem 4 Memori 6 % Waktu Prosesor
Membantu pasangan data.
- 3 Jenis objek Sistem mencakup penghitung yang ... 5 Jenis objek Memori mencakup penghitung yang ... 7 Waktu Prosesor dinyatakan sebagai persentase dari ...
Perhatikan bahwa sepasang string pertama dalam data penghitung tidak mengidentifikasi nama penghitung dan dapat diabaikan. Jumlah indeks pasangan pertama adalah 1 dan string adalah string numerik yang mewakili nilai indeks maksimum untuk penghitung sistem.
Untuk informasi tentang cara penyedia memuat nama dan teks bantuan, lihat Menambahkan Nama penghitung dan Deskripsi ke Registri.
Tidak ada informasi dalam teks yang menunjukkan apakah teks mengidentifikasi penghitung atau objek performa. Satu-satunya cara untuk menentukan ini, atau hubungan antara penghitung dan objek, adalah dengan mengkueri data performa itu sendiri. Misalnya, jika Anda ingin menampilkan daftar objek dan penghitungnya di antarmuka pengguna, Anda harus mengambil data performa, lalu menggunakan nilai indeks untuk mengurai data teks untuk string. Untuk contoh yang melakukan ini, lihat Menampilkan Objek, Instans, dan Nama Penghitung.
Contoh berikut menunjukkan cara menggunakan HKEY_PERFORMANCE_NLSTEXT untuk mengambil penghitung dan membantu teks dan membangun tabel untuk akses berikutnya.
#include <windows.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#pragma comment(lib, "advapi32.lib")
LPWSTR GetText(LPWSTR pwszSource);
BOOL BuildTextTable(LPWSTR pCounterHead, LPWSTR pHelpHead, LPDWORD* pOffsetsHead, LPDWORD pNumberOfOffsets);
DWORD GetNumberOfTextEntries(LPWSTR pwszSource);
void PrintCounterAndHelpText(LPWSTR pCounterTextHead, LPWSTR pHelpTextHead, LPDWORD pTextOffsets, DWORD dwNumberOfOffsets);
void wmain(void)
{
LPWSTR pCounterTextHead = NULL; // Head of the MULTI_SZ buffer that contains the Counter text.
LPWSTR pHelpTextHead = NULL; // Head of the MULTI_SZ buffer that contains the Help text.
LPDWORD pTextOffsets = NULL; // Array of DWORDS that contain the offsets to the text in
// pCounterTextHead and pHelpTextHead. The text index
// values mirror the array index.
DWORD dwNumberOfOffsets = 0; // Number of elements in the pTextOffsets array.
pCounterTextHead = GetText(L"Counter");
if (NULL == pCounterTextHead)
{
wprintf(L"GetText(L\"Counter\") failed.\n");
goto cleanup;
}
pHelpTextHead = GetText(L"Help");
if (NULL == pHelpTextHead)
{
wprintf(L"GetText(L\"Help\") failed.\n");
goto cleanup;
}
if (BuildTextTable(pCounterTextHead, pHelpTextHead, &pTextOffsets, &dwNumberOfOffsets))
{
PrintCounterAndHelpText(pCounterTextHead, pHelpTextHead, pTextOffsets, dwNumberOfOffsets);
}
else
{
wprintf(L"BuildTextTable failed.\n");
}
cleanup:
if (pCounterTextHead)
free(pCounterTextHead);
if (pHelpTextHead)
free(pHelpTextHead);
if (pTextOffsets)
free(pTextOffsets);
// You do not need to call RegCloseKey if you are only
// retrieving names and help text.
}
// Get the text based on the source value. This function uses the
// HKEY_PERFORMANCE_NLSTEXT key to get the strings.
LPWSTR GetText(LPWSTR pwszSource)
{
LPWSTR pBuffer = NULL;
DWORD dwBufferSize = 0;
LONG status = ERROR_SUCCESS;
// Query the size of the text data so you can allocate the buffer.
status = RegQueryValueEx(HKEY_PERFORMANCE_NLSTEXT, pwszSource, NULL, NULL, NULL, &dwBufferSize);
if (ERROR_SUCCESS != status)
{
wprintf(L"RegQueryValueEx failed getting required buffer size. Error is 0x%x.\n", status);
goto cleanup;
}
// Allocate the text buffer and query the text.
pBuffer = (LPWSTR)malloc(dwBufferSize);
if (pBuffer)
{
status = RegQueryValueEx(HKEY_PERFORMANCE_NLSTEXT, pwszSource, NULL, NULL, (LPBYTE)pBuffer, &dwBufferSize);
if (ERROR_SUCCESS != status)
{
wprintf(L"RegQueryValueEx failed with 0x%x.\n", status);
free(pBuffer);
pBuffer = NULL;
goto cleanup;
}
}
else
{
wprintf(L"malloc failed to allocate memory.\n");
}
cleanup:
return pBuffer;
}
// Build a table of offsets into the counter and help text buffers. Use the index
// values from the performance data queries to access the offsets.
BOOL BuildTextTable(LPWSTR pCounterHead, LPWSTR pHelpHead, LPDWORD* pOffsetsHead, LPDWORD pNumberOfOffsets)
{
BOOL fSuccess = FALSE;
LPWSTR pwszCounterText = NULL; // Used to cycle through the Counter text
LPWSTR pwszHelpText = NULL; // Used to cycle through the Help text
LPDWORD pOffsets = NULL;
DWORD dwCounterIndex = 0; // Index value of the Counter text
DWORD dwHelpIndex = 0; // Index value of the Help text
DWORD dwSize = 0; // Size of the block of memory that holds the offset array
pwszCounterText = pCounterHead;
pwszHelpText = pHelpHead;
*pNumberOfOffsets = GetNumberOfTextEntries(L"Last Help");
if (0 == *pNumberOfOffsets)
{
wprintf(L"GetNumberOfTextEntries failed; returned 0 for number of entries.\n");
goto cleanup;
}
dwSize = sizeof(DWORD) * (*pNumberOfOffsets + 1); // Add one to make the array one-based
pOffsets = (LPDWORD)malloc(dwSize);
if (pOffsets)
{
ZeroMemory(pOffsets, dwSize);
*pOffsetsHead = pOffsets;
// Bypass first record (pair) of the counter data - contains upper bounds of system counter index.
pwszCounterText += (wcslen(pwszCounterText)+1);
pwszCounterText += (wcslen(pwszCounterText)+1);
for (; *pwszCounterText; pwszCounterText += (wcslen(pwszCounterText)+1))
{
dwCounterIndex = _wtoi(pwszCounterText);
dwHelpIndex = _wtoi(pwszHelpText);
// Use the counter's index value as an indexer into the pOffsets array.
// Store the offset to the counter text in the array element.
pwszCounterText += (wcslen(pwszCounterText)+1); //Skip past index value
pOffsets[dwCounterIndex] = (DWORD)(pwszCounterText - pCounterHead);
// Some help indexes for system counters do not have a matching counter, so loop
// until you find the matching help index or the index is greater than the corresponding
// counter index. For example, if the indexes were as follows, you would loop
// until the help index was 11.
//
// Counter index Help Index
// 2 3
// 4 5
// 6 7
// 9 (skip because there is no matching Counter index)
// 10 11
while (*pwszHelpText && dwHelpIndex < dwCounterIndex)
{
pwszHelpText += (wcslen(pwszHelpText)+1); // Skip past index value
pwszHelpText += (wcslen(pwszHelpText)+1); // Skip past help text to the next index value
dwHelpIndex = _wtoi(pwszHelpText);
}
// Use the Help index value as an indexer into the pOffsets array.
// Store the offset to the help text in the array element.
if (dwHelpIndex == (dwCounterIndex + 1))
{
pwszHelpText += (wcslen(pwszHelpText)+1); //Skip past index value
pOffsets[dwHelpIndex] = (DWORD)(pwszHelpText - pHelpHead);
pwszHelpText += (wcslen(pwszHelpText)+1); //Skip past help text to next index value
}
}
fSuccess = TRUE;
}
cleanup:
return fSuccess;
}
// Retrieve the last help index used from the registry. Use this number
// to allocate an array of DWORDs. Note that index values are not contiguous.
DWORD GetNumberOfTextEntries(LPWSTR pwszSource)
{
DWORD dwEntries = 0;
LONG status = ERROR_SUCCESS;
HKEY hkey = NULL;
DWORD dwSize = sizeof(DWORD);
LPWSTR pwszMessage = NULL;
status = RegOpenKeyEx(HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE,
L"SOFTWARE\\Microsoft\\Windows NT\\CurrentVersion\\Perflib",
0,
KEY_READ,
&hkey);
if (ERROR_SUCCESS != status)
{
wprintf(L"RegOpenKeyEx failed with 0x%x.\n", status);
goto cleanup;
}
status = RegQueryValueEx(hkey, pwszSource, NULL, 0, (LPBYTE)&dwEntries, &dwSize);
if (ERROR_SUCCESS != status)
{
wprintf(L"RegQueryValueEx failed with 0x%x.\n", status);
}
cleanup:
if (hkey)
RegCloseKey(hkey);
return dwEntries;
}
// Print the pairs of counter and help text.
void PrintCounterAndHelpText(LPWSTR pCounterTextHead, LPWSTR pHelpTextHead, LPDWORD pTextOffsets, DWORD dwNumberOfOffsets)
{ UNREFERENCED_PARAMETER(dwNumberOfOffsets);
// Counter index values are even numbers that start at 2 so begin with
// the second element of the array of offsets. Many array elements will
// not contain offset values (index values are not contiguous).
// There is typically a large number of counters, so this example prints
// the first 10 counters and help text.
//for (DWORD i = 2; i < (dwNumberOfOffsets+1); i++)
for (DWORD i = 2; i < 22; i++)
{
if (pTextOffsets[i]) // If index offset is not zero
{
if (0 == (i % 2)) // Counter text index (even number)
wprintf(L"%d %s\n", i, pCounterTextHead+pTextOffsets[i]);
else
wprintf(L"%d %s\n\n", i, pHelpTextHead+pTextOffsets[i]);
}
}
}
Contoh berikut menunjukkan cara menggunakan HKEY_PERFORMANCE_DATA untuk mengambil teks penghitung.
#include <windows.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <strsafe.h>
#pragma comment(lib, "advapi32.lib")
LPWSTR GetText(LPWSTR pwszSource);
BOOL BuildTextTable(LPWSTR pCounterHead, LPWSTR pHelpHead, LPDWORD* pOffsetsHead, LPDWORD pNumberOfOffsets);
DWORD GetNumberOfTextEntries(LPWSTR pwszSource);
void PrintCounterAndHelpText(LPWSTR pCounterTextHead, LPWSTR pHelpTextHead, LPDWORD pTextOffsets, DWORD dwNumberOfOffsets);
LANGID GetLanguageId();
void wmain(void)
{
LPWSTR pCounterTextHead = NULL; // Head of the MULTI_SZ buffer that contains the Counter text.
LPWSTR pHelpTextHead = NULL; // Head of the MULTI_SZ buffer that contains the Help text.
LPDWORD pTextOffsets = NULL; // Array of DWORDS that contain the offsets to the text in
// pCounterTextHead and pHelpTextHead. The text index
// values mirror the array index.
DWORD dwNumberOfOffsets = 0; // Number of elements in the pTextOffsets array.
pCounterTextHead = GetText(L"Counter");
if (NULL == pCounterTextHead)
{
wprintf(L"GetText(L\"Counter\") failed.\n");
goto cleanup;
}
pHelpTextHead = GetText(L"Help");
if (NULL == pHelpTextHead)
{
wprintf(L"GetText(L\"Help\") failed.\n");
goto cleanup;
}
if (BuildTextTable(pCounterTextHead, pHelpTextHead, &pTextOffsets, &dwNumberOfOffsets))
{
PrintCounterAndHelpText(pCounterTextHead, pHelpTextHead, pTextOffsets, dwNumberOfOffsets);
}
else
{
wprintf(L"BuildTextTable failed.\n");
}
cleanup:
if (pCounterTextHead)
free(pCounterTextHead);
if (pHelpTextHead)
free(pHelpTextHead);
if (pTextOffsets)
free(pTextOffsets);
// You do not need to call RegCloseKey if you are only
// retrieving names and help text.
}
// Get the text based on the source value. This function uses the
// HKEY_PERFORMANCE_DATA key to get the strings.
LPWSTR GetText(LPWSTR pwszSource)
{
LPWSTR pBuffer = NULL;
DWORD dwBufferSize = 0;
LONG status = ERROR_SUCCESS;
LANGID langid = 0;
WCHAR wszSourceAndLangId[15]; // Identifies the source of the text; either
// "Counter <langid>" or "Help <langid>"
// Create the lpValueName string for the registry query.
langid = GetLanguageId();
if (0 == langid)
{
wprintf(L"GetLanguageId failed to get the default language identifier.\n");
goto cleanup;
}
StringCchPrintf(wszSourceAndLangId, 15, L"%s %03x", pwszSource, langid);
// Query the size of the text data so you can allocate the buffer.
status = RegQueryValueEx(HKEY_PERFORMANCE_DATA, wszSourceAndLangId, NULL, NULL, NULL, &dwBufferSize);
if (ERROR_SUCCESS != status)
{
wprintf(L"RegQueryValueEx failed getting required buffer size. Error is 0x%x.\n", status);
goto cleanup;
}
// Allocate the text buffer and query the text.
pBuffer = (LPWSTR)malloc(dwBufferSize);
if (pBuffer)
{
status = RegQueryValueEx(HKEY_PERFORMANCE_DATA, wszSourceAndLangId, NULL, NULL, (LPBYTE)pBuffer, &dwBufferSize);
if (ERROR_SUCCESS != status)
{
wprintf(L"RegQueryValueEx failed with 0x%x.\n", status);
free(pBuffer);
pBuffer = NULL;
goto cleanup;
}
}
else
{
wprintf(L"malloc failed to allocate memory.\n");
}
cleanup:
return pBuffer;
}
// Retrieve the default language identifier of the current user. For most languages,
// you use the primary language identifier only to retrieve the text. In Windows XP and
// Windows Server 2003, you use the complete language identifier to retrieve Chinese
// text. In Windows Vista, you use the complete language identifier to retrieve Portuguese
// text.
LANGID GetLanguageId()
{
LANGID langid = 0; // Complete language identifier.
WORD primary = 0; // Primary language identifier.
OSVERSIONINFO osvi;
ZeroMemory(&osvi, sizeof(OSVERSIONINFO));
osvi.dwOSVersionInfoSize = sizeof(OSVERSIONINFO);
if (GetVersionEx(&osvi))
{
langid = GetUserDefaultUILanguage();
primary = PRIMARYLANGID(langid);
if ( (LANG_PORTUGUESE == primary && osvi.dwBuildNumber > 5) || // Windows Vista and later
(LANG_CHINESE == primary && (osvi.dwMajorVersion == 5 && osvi.dwMinorVersion >= 1)) ) // XP and Windows Server 2003
{
; //Use the complete language identifier.
}
else
{
langid = primary;
}
}
else
{
wprintf(L"GetVersionEx failed with 0x%x.\n", GetLastError());
}
return langid;
}
// Build a table of offsets into the counter and help text buffers. Use the index
// values from the performance data queries to access the offsets.
BOOL BuildTextTable(LPWSTR pCounterHead, LPWSTR pHelpHead, LPDWORD* pOffsetsHead, LPDWORD pNumberOfOffsets)
{
BOOL fSuccess = FALSE;
LPWSTR pwszCounterText = NULL; // Used to cycle through the Counter text
LPWSTR pwszHelpText = NULL; // Used to cycle through the Help text
LPDWORD pOffsets = NULL;
DWORD dwCounterIndex = 0; // Index value of the Counter text
DWORD dwHelpIndex = 0; // Index value of the Help text
DWORD dwSize = 0; // Size of the block of memory that holds the offset array
pwszCounterText = pCounterHead;
pwszHelpText = pHelpHead;
*pNumberOfOffsets = GetNumberOfTextEntries(L"Last Help");
if (0 == *pNumberOfOffsets)
{
wprintf(L"GetNumberOfTextEntries failed; returned 0 for number of entries.\n");
goto cleanup;
}
dwSize = sizeof(DWORD) * (*pNumberOfOffsets + 1); // Add one to make the array one-based
pOffsets = (LPDWORD)malloc(dwSize);
if (pOffsets)
{
ZeroMemory(pOffsets, dwSize);
*pOffsetsHead = pOffsets;
// Bypass first record (pair) of the counter data - contains upper bounds of system counter index.
pwszCounterText += (wcslen(pwszCounterText)+1);
pwszCounterText += (wcslen(pwszCounterText)+1);
for (; *pwszCounterText; pwszCounterText += (wcslen(pwszCounterText)+1))
{
dwCounterIndex = _wtoi(pwszCounterText);
dwHelpIndex = _wtoi(pwszHelpText);
// Use the counter's index value as an indexer into the pOffsets array.
// Store the offset to the counter text in the array element.
pwszCounterText += (wcslen(pwszCounterText)+1); //Skip past index value
pOffsets[dwCounterIndex] = (DWORD)(pwszCounterText - pCounterHead);
// Some help indexes for system counters do not have a matching counter, so loop
// until you find the matching help index or the index is greater than the corresponding
// counter index. For example, if the indexes were as follows, you would loop
// until the help index was 11.
//
// Counter index Help Index
// 2 3
// 4 5
// 6 7
// 9 (skip because there is no matching Counter index)
// 10 11
while (*pwszHelpText && dwHelpIndex < dwCounterIndex)
{
pwszHelpText += (wcslen(pwszHelpText)+1); // Skip past index value
pwszHelpText += (wcslen(pwszHelpText)+1); // Skip past help text to the next index value
dwHelpIndex = _wtoi(pwszHelpText);
}
// Use the Help index value as an indexer into the pOffsets array.
// Store the offset to the help text in the array element.
if (dwHelpIndex == (dwCounterIndex + 1))
{
pwszHelpText += (wcslen(pwszHelpText)+1); //Skip past index value
pOffsets[dwHelpIndex] = (DWORD)(pwszHelpText - pHelpHead);
pwszHelpText += (wcslen(pwszHelpText)+1); //Skip past help text to next index value
}
}
fSuccess = TRUE;
}
cleanup:
return fSuccess;
}
// Retrieve the last help index used from the registry. Use this number
// to allocate an array of DWORDs. Note that index values are not contiguous.
DWORD GetNumberOfTextEntries(LPWSTR pwszSource)
{
DWORD dwEntries = 0;
LONG status = ERROR_SUCCESS;
HKEY hkey = NULL;
DWORD dwSize = sizeof(DWORD);
LPWSTR pwszMessage = NULL;
status = RegOpenKeyEx(HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE,
L"SOFTWARE\\Microsoft\\Windows NT\\CurrentVersion\\Perflib",
0,
KEY_READ,
&hkey);
if (ERROR_SUCCESS != status)
{
wprintf(L"RegOpenKeyEx failed with 0x%x.\n", status);
goto cleanup;
}
status = RegQueryValueEx(hkey, pwszSource, NULL, 0, (LPBYTE)&dwEntries, &dwSize);
if (ERROR_SUCCESS != status)
{
wprintf(L"RegQueryValueEx failed with 0x%x.\n", status);
}
cleanup:
if (hkey)
RegCloseKey(hkey);
return dwEntries;
}
// Print the pairs of counter and help text.
void PrintCounterAndHelpText(LPWSTR pCounterTextHead, LPWSTR pHelpTextHead, LPDWORD pTextOffsets, DWORD dwNumberOfOffsets)
{ UNREFERENCED_PARAMETER(dwNumberOfOffsets);
// Counter index values are even numbers that start at 2 so begin with
// the second element of the array of offsets. Many array elements will
// not contain offset values (index values are not contiguous).
// There is typically a large number of counters, so this example prints
// the first 10 counters and help text.
//for (DWORD i = 2; i < (dwNumberOfOffsets+1); i++)
for (DWORD i = 2; i < 22; i++)
{
if (pTextOffsets[i]) // If index offset is not zero
{
if (0 == (i % 2)) // Counter text index (even number)
wprintf(L"%d %s\n", i, pCounterTextHead+pTextOffsets[i]);
else
wprintf(L"%d %s\n\n", i, pHelpTextHead+pTextOffsets[i]);
}
}
}