System.Runtime.InteropServices Namespace

Reference

Important

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Provides a wide variety of members that support COM interop and platform invoke services. If you are unfamiliar with these services, see Interoperating with Unmanaged Code.

Classes

AllowReversePInvokeCallsAttribute	Allows an unmanaged method to call a managed method.
AutomationProxyAttribute	Specifies whether the type should be marshaled using the Automation marshaler or a custom proxy and stub.
BestFitMappingAttribute	Controls whether Unicode characters are converted to the closest matching ANSI characters.
BStrWrapper	Marshals data of type `VT_BSTR` from managed to unmanaged code. This class cannot be inherited.
ClassInterfaceAttribute	Indicates the type of class interface to be generated for a class exposed to COM, if an interface is generated at all.
CoClassAttribute	Specifies the class identifier of a coclass imported from a type library.
CollectionsMarshal	An unsafe class that provides a set of methods to access the underlying data representations of collections.
ComAliasNameAttribute	Indicates the COM alias for a parameter or field type.
ComAwareEventInfo	Permits late-bound registration of an event handler.
ComCompatibleVersionAttribute	Indicates to a COM client that all classes in the current version of an assembly are compatible with classes in an earlier version of the assembly.
ComConversionLossAttribute	Indicates that information was lost about a class or interface when it was imported from a type library to an assembly.
ComDefaultInterfaceAttribute	Specifies a default interface to expose to COM. This class cannot be inherited.
ComEventInterfaceAttribute	Identifies the source interface and the class that implements the methods of the event interface that is generated when a coclass is imported from a COM type library.
ComEventsHelper	Provides methods that enable .NET delegates that handle events to be added and removed from COM objects.
COMException	The exception that is thrown when an unrecognized HRESULT is returned from a COM method call.
ComImportAttribute	Indicates that the attributed type was previously defined in COM.
ComRegisterFunctionAttribute	Specifies the method to call when you register an assembly for use from COM; this enables the execution of user-written code during the registration process.
ComSourceInterfacesAttribute	Identifies a list of interfaces that are exposed as COM event sources for the attributed class.
ComUnregisterFunctionAttribute	Specifies the method to call when you unregister an assembly for use from COM; this allows for the execution of user-written code during the unregistration process.
ComVisibleAttribute	Controls accessibility of an individual managed type or member, or of all types within an assembly, to COM.
ComWrappers	Class for managing wrappers of COM IUnknown types.
CriticalHandle	Represents a wrapper class for handle resources.
CurrencyWrapper	Wraps objects the marshaler should marshal as a `VT_CY`.
DefaultCharSetAttribute	Specifies the value of the CharSet enumeration. This class cannot be inherited.
DefaultDllImportSearchPathsAttribute	Specifies the paths that are used to search for DLLs that provide functions for platform invokes.
DefaultParameterValueAttribute	Sets the default value of a parameter when called from a language that supports default parameters. This class cannot be inherited.
DispatchWrapper	Wraps objects the marshaler should marshal as a `VT_DISPATCH`.
DispIdAttribute	Specifies the COM dispatch identifier (DISPID) of a method, field, or property.
DllImportAttribute	Indicates that the attributed method is exposed by an unmanaged dynamic-link library (DLL) as a static entry point.
DynamicInterfaceCastableImplementationAttribute	Attribute required by any type that is returned by GetInterfaceImplementation(RuntimeTypeHandle).
ErrorWrapper	Wraps objects the marshaler should marshal as a `VT_ERROR`.
ExtensibleClassFactory	Enables customization of managed objects that extend from unmanaged objects during creation.
ExternalException	The base exception type for all COM interop exceptions and structured exception handling (SEH) exceptions.
FieldOffsetAttribute	Indicates the physical position of fields within the unmanaged representation of a class or structure.
GuidAttribute	Supplies an explicit Guid when an automatic GUID is undesirable.
HandleCollector	Tracks outstanding handles and forces a garbage collection when the specified threshold is reached.
IDispatchImplAttribute	Indicates which `IDispatch` implementation the common language runtime uses when exposing dual interfaces and dispinterfaces to COM.
ImmutableCollectionsMarshal	An unsafe class that provides a set of methods to access the underlying data representations of immutable collections.
ImportedFromTypeLibAttribute	Indicates that the types defined within an assembly were originally defined in a type library.
InAttribute	Indicates that data should be marshaled from the caller to the callee, but not back to the caller.
InterfaceTypeAttribute	Indicates whether a managed interface is dual, dispatch-only, or `IUnknown` -only when exposed to COM.
InvalidComObjectException	The exception thrown when an invalid COM object is used.
InvalidOleVariantTypeException	The exception thrown by the marshaler when it encounters an argument of a variant type that can not be marshaled to managed code.
JsonMarshal
LCIDConversionAttribute	Indicates that a method's unmanaged signature expects a locale identifier (LCID) parameter.
LibraryImportAttribute	Indicates that a source generator should create a function for marshalling arguments instead of relying on the runtime to generate an equivalent marshalling function at run time.
ManagedToNativeComInteropStubAttribute	Provides support for user customization of interop stubs in managed-to-COM interop scenarios.
Marshal	Provides a collection of methods for allocating unmanaged memory, copying unmanaged memory blocks, and converting managed to unmanaged types, as well as other miscellaneous methods used when interacting with unmanaged code.
MarshalAsAttribute	Indicates how to marshal the data between managed and unmanaged code.
MarshalDirectiveException	The exception that is thrown by the marshaler when it encounters a MarshalAsAttribute it does not support.
MemoryMarshal	Provides methods to interoperate with Memory<T>, ReadOnlyMemory<T>, Span<T>, and ReadOnlySpan<T>.
NativeLibrary	Provides APIs for managing native libraries.
NativeMemory	This class contains methods that are mainly used to manage native memory.
OptionalAttribute	Indicates that a parameter is optional.
OutAttribute	Indicates that data should be marshaled from callee back to caller.
PosixSignalContext	Provides data for a PosixSignalRegistration event.
PosixSignalRegistration	Handles a PosixSignal.
PreserveSigAttribute	Indicates that the HRESULT signature transformation that takes place during COM interop calls should be suppressed.
PrimaryInteropAssemblyAttribute	Indicates that the attributed assembly is a primary interop assembly.
ProgIdAttribute	Allows the user to specify the ProgID of a class.
RegistrationServices	Provides a set of services for registering and unregistering managed assemblies for use from COM.
RuntimeEnvironment	Provides a collection of `static` methods that return information about the common language runtime environment.
RuntimeInformation	Provides information about the .NET runtime installation.
SafeArrayRankMismatchException	The exception thrown when the rank of an incoming `SAFEARRAY` does not match the rank specified in the managed signature.
SafeArrayTypeMismatchException	The exception thrown when the type of the incoming `SAFEARRAY` does not match the type specified in the managed signature.
SafeBuffer	Provides a controlled memory buffer that can be used for reading and writing. Attempts to access memory outside the controlled buffer (underruns and overruns) raise exceptions.
SafeHandle	Represents a wrapper class for operating system handles. This class must be inherited.
SEHException	Represents structured exception handling (SEH) errors.
SequenceMarshal	Provides a collection of methods for interoperating with ReadOnlySequence<T>.
SetWin32ContextInIDispatchAttribute	This attribute has been deprecated.
StandardOleMarshalObject	Replaces the standard common language runtime (CLR) free-threaded marshaler with the standard OLE STA marshaler.
StructLayoutAttribute	Lets you control the physical layout of the data fields of a class or structure in memory.
SuppressGCTransitionAttribute	Indicates that a garbage collection transition should be skipped when an unmanaged function call is made.
TypeIdentifierAttribute	Provides support for type equivalence.
TypeLibConverter	Provides a set of services that convert a managed assembly to a COM type library and vice versa.
TypeLibFuncAttribute	Contains the FUNCFLAGS that were originally imported for this method from the COM type library.
TypeLibImportClassAttribute	Specifies which Type exclusively uses an interface. This class cannot be inherited.
TypeLibTypeAttribute	Contains the TYPEFLAGS that were originally imported for this type from the COM type library.
TypeLibVarAttribute	Contains the VARFLAGS that were originally imported for this field from the COM type library.
TypeLibVersionAttribute	Specifies the version number of an exported type library.
UnknownWrapper	Wraps objects the marshaler should marshal as a `VT_UNKNOWN`.
UnmanagedCallConvAttribute	Specifies the calling convention required to call P/Invoke methods implemented in unmanaged code.
UnmanagedCallersOnlyAttribute	Any method marked with UnmanagedCallersOnlyAttribute can be directly called from native code. The function token can be loaded to a local variable using the address-of operator in C# and passed as a callback to a native method.
UnmanagedFunctionPointerAttribute	Controls the marshaling behavior of a delegate signature passed as an unmanaged function pointer to or from unmanaged code. This class cannot be inherited.
VariantWrapper	Marshals data of type `VT_VARIANT \| VT_BYREF` from managed to unmanaged code. This class cannot be inherited.
WasmImportLinkageAttribute	Specifies that the P/Invoke marked with this attribute should be linked in as a WASM import.

Structs

ArrayWithOffset	Encapsulates an array and an offset within the specified array.
BIND_OPTS	Use BIND_OPTS instead.
BINDPTR	Use BINDPTR instead.
CLong	CLong is an immutable value type that represents the `long` type in C and C++. It is meant to be used as an exchange type at the managed/unmanaged boundary to accurately represent in managed code unmanaged APIs that use the `long` type. This type has 32-bits of storage on all Windows platforms and 32-bit Unix-based platforms. It has 64-bits of storage on 64-bit Unix platforms.
ComWrappers.ComInterfaceDispatch	An application binary interface for function dispatch of a COM interface.
ComWrappers.ComInterfaceEntry	Interface type and pointer to targeted VTable.
CONNECTDATA	Use CONNECTDATA instead.
CULong	CULong is an immutable value type that represents the `unsigned long` type in C and C++. It is meant to be used as an exchange type at the managed/unmanaged boundary to accurately represent in managed code unmanaged APIs that use the `unsigned long` type. This type has 32-bits of storage on all Windows platforms and 32-bit Unix-based platforms. It has 64-bits of storage on 64-bit Unix platforms.
DISPPARAMS	Use DISPPARAMS instead.
ELEMDESC	Use ELEMDESC instead.
ELEMDESC.DESCUNION	Use ELEMDESC.DESCUNION instead.
EXCEPINFO	Use EXCEPINFO instead.
FILETIME	Use FILETIME instead.
FUNCDESC	Use FUNCDESC instead.
GCHandle	Provides a way to access a managed object from unmanaged memory.
HandleRef	Wraps a managed object holding a handle to a resource that is passed to unmanaged code using platform invoke.
IDLDESC	Use IDLDESC instead.
NFloat	NFloat is an immutable value type that represents a floating type that has the same size as the native integer size. It is meant to be used as an exchange type at the managed/unmanaged boundary to accurately represent in managed code unmanaged APIs that use a type alias for C or C++'s `float` on 32-bit platforms or `double` on 64-bit platforms, such as the CGFloat type in libraries provided by Apple.
OSPlatform	Represents an operating system platform.
PARAMDESC	Use PARAMDESC instead.
STATSTG	Use STATSTG instead.
TYPEATTR	Use TYPEATTR instead.
TYPEDESC	Use TYPEDESC instead.
TYPELIBATTR	Use TYPELIBATTR instead.
VARDESC	Use VARDESC instead.
VARDESC.DESCUNION	Use VARDESC.DESCUNION instead.

Interfaces

_Activator	Exposes the Activator class to unmanaged code.
_Assembly	Exposes the public members of the Assembly class to unmanaged code.
_AssemblyBuilder	Exposes the AssemblyBuilder class to unmanaged code.
_AssemblyName	Exposes the AssemblyName class to unmanaged code.
_Attribute	Exposes the Attribute class to unmanaged code.
_ConstructorBuilder	Exposes the ConstructorBuilder class to unmanaged code.
_ConstructorInfo	Exposes the public members of the ConstructorInfo class to unmanaged code.
_CustomAttributeBuilder	Exposes the CustomAttributeBuilder class to unmanaged code.
_EnumBuilder	Exposes the EnumBuilder class to unmanaged code.
_EventBuilder	Exposes the EventBuilder class to unmanaged code.
_EventInfo	Exposes the public members of the EventInfo class to unmanaged code.
_Exception	Exposes the public members of the Exception class to unmanaged code.
_FieldBuilder	Exposes the FieldBuilder class to unmanaged code.
_FieldInfo	Exposes the public members of the FieldInfo class to unmanaged code.
_ILGenerator	Exposes the ILGenerator class to unmanaged code.
_LocalBuilder	Exposes the LocalBuilder class to unmanaged code.
_MemberInfo	Exposes the public members of the MemberInfo class to unmanaged code.
_MethodBase	Exposes the public members of the MethodBase class to unmanaged code.
_MethodBuilder	Exposes the MethodBuilder class to unmanaged code.
_MethodInfo	Exposes the public members of the MethodInfo class to unmanaged code.
_MethodRental	Exposes the MethodRental class to unmanaged code.
_Module	Exposes the Module class to unmanaged code.
_ModuleBuilder	Exposes the ModuleBuilder class to unmanaged code.
_ParameterBuilder	Exposes the ParameterBuilder class to unmanaged code.
_ParameterInfo	Exposes the ParameterInfo class to unmanaged code.
_PropertyBuilder	Exposes the PropertyBuilder class to unmanaged code.
_PropertyInfo	Exposes the public members of the PropertyInfo class to unmanaged code.
_SignatureHelper	Exposes the SignatureHelper class to unmanaged code.
_Thread	Exposes the Thread class to unmanaged code.
_Type	Exposes the public members of the Type class to the unmanaged code.
_TypeBuilder	Exposes the TypeBuilder class to unmanaged code.
ICustomAdapter	Provides a way for clients to access the actual object, rather than the adapter object handed out by a custom marshaler.
ICustomFactory	Enables users to write activation code for managed objects that extend MarshalByRefObject.
ICustomMarshaler	Provides custom wrappers for handling method calls.
ICustomQueryInterface	Enables developers to provide a custom, managed implementation of the IUnknown::QueryInterface(REFIID riid, void **ppvObject) method.
IDynamicInterfaceCastable	Interface used to participate in a type cast failure.
IRegistrationServices	Provides a set of services for registering and unregistering managed assemblies for use from COM.
ITypeLibConverter	Provides a set of services that convert a managed assembly to a COM type library and vice versa.
ITypeLibExporterNameProvider	Provides control over the casing of names when exported to a type library.
ITypeLibExporterNotifySink	Provides a callback mechanism for the assembly converter to inform the caller of the status of the conversion, and involve the caller in the conversion process itself.
ITypeLibImporterNotifySink	Provides a callback mechanism for the type library converter to inform the caller of the status of the conversion, and involve the caller in the conversion process itself.
UCOMIBindCtx	Use BIND_OPTS instead.
UCOMIConnectionPoint	Use IConnectionPoint instead.
UCOMIConnectionPointContainer	Use IConnectionPointContainer instead.
UCOMIEnumConnectionPoints	Use IEnumConnectionPoints instead.
UCOMIEnumConnections	Use IEnumConnections instead.
UCOMIEnumMoniker	Use IEnumMoniker instead.
UCOMIEnumString	Use IEnumString instead.
UCOMIEnumVARIANT	Use IEnumVARIANT instead.
UCOMIMoniker	Use IMoniker instead.
UCOMIPersistFile	Use IPersistFile instead.
UCOMIRunningObjectTable	Use IRunningObjectTable instead.
UCOMIStream	Use IStream instead.
UCOMITypeComp	Use ITypeComp instead.
UCOMITypeInfo	Use ITypeInfo instead.
UCOMITypeLib	Use ITypeLib instead.

Enums

Architecture	Indicates the processor architecture.
AssemblyRegistrationFlags	Defines a set of flags used when registering assemblies.
CALLCONV	Use CALLCONV instead.
CallingConvention	Specifies the calling convention required to call methods implemented in unmanaged code.
CharSet	Dictates which character set marshaled strings should use.
ClassInterfaceType	Identifies the type of class interface that is generated for a class.
ComInterfaceType	Identifies how to expose an interface to COM.
ComMemberType	Describes the type of a COM member.
CreateComInterfaceFlags	Specifies flags for the GetOrCreateComInterfaceForObject(Object, CreateComInterfaceFlags) method.
CreateObjectFlags	Specifies flags for the GetOrCreateObjectForComInstance(IntPtr, CreateObjectFlags) method.
CustomQueryInterfaceMode	Indicates whether the GetComInterfaceForObject(Object, Type, CustomQueryInterfaceMode) method's IUnknown::QueryInterface calls can use the ICustomQueryInterface interface.
CustomQueryInterfaceResult	Provides return values for the GetInterface(Guid, IntPtr) method.
DESCKIND	Use DESCKIND instead.
DllImportSearchPath	Specifies the paths that are used to search for DLLs that provide functions for platform invokes.
ExporterEventKind	Describes the callbacks that the type library exporter makes when exporting a type library.
FUNCFLAGS	Use FUNCFLAGS instead.
FUNCKIND	Use FUNCKIND instead.
GCHandleType	Represents the types of handles the GCHandle type can allocate.
IDispatchImplType	Indicates which `IDispatch` implementation to use for a particular class.
IDLFLAG	Use IDLFLAG instead.
IMPLTYPEFLAGS	Use IMPLTYPEFLAGS instead.
ImporterEventKind	Describes the callbacks that the type library importer makes when importing a type library.
INVOKEKIND	Use INVOKEKIND instead.
LayoutKind	Controls the layout of an object when exported to unmanaged code.
LIBFLAGS	Use LIBFLAGS instead.
PARAMFLAG	Use PARAMFLAG instead.
PosixSignal	Specifies a POSIX signal number.
RegistrationClassContext	Specifies the set of execution contexts in which a class object will be made available for requests to construct instances.
RegistrationConnectionType	Defines the types of connections to a class object.
StringMarshalling	Specifies how strings should be marshalled for generated p/invokes
SYSKIND	Use SYSKIND instead.
TYPEFLAGS	Use TYPEFLAGS instead.
TYPEKIND	Use TYPEKIND instead.
TypeLibExporterFlags	Indicates how a type library should be produced.
TypeLibFuncFlags	Describes the original settings of the `FUNCFLAGS` in the COM type library from where this method was imported.
TypeLibImporterFlags	Indicates how an assembly should be produced.
TypeLibTypeFlags	Describes the original settings of the TYPEFLAGS in the COM type library from which the type was imported.
TypeLibVarFlags	Describes the original settings of the VARFLAGS in the COM type library from which the variable was imported.
UnmanagedType	Identifies how to marshal parameters or fields to unmanaged code.
VarEnum	Indicates how to marshal the array elements when an array is marshaled from managed to unmanaged code as a SafeArray.
VARFLAGS	Use VARFLAGS instead.

Delegates

DllImportResolver	Provides a delegate used to resolve native libraries via callback.
ObjectCreationDelegate	Creates a COM object.

Remarks

Members of this namespace provide several categories of functionality, as shown in the following table. Attributes control marshaling behavior, such as how to arrange structures or how to represent strings. The most important attributes are DllImportAttribute, which you use to define platform invoke methods for accessing unmanaged APIs, and MarshalAsAttribute, which you use to specify how data is marshaled between managed and unmanaged memory.

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