Encoding.ASCII Property
Definition
Important
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Gets an encoding for the ASCII (7-bit) character set.
public:
static property System::Text::Encoding ^ ASCII { System::Text::Encoding ^ get(); };public static System.Text.Encoding ASCII { get; }static member ASCII : System.Text.EncodingPublic Shared ReadOnly Property ASCII As EncodingProperty Value
An encoding for the ASCII (7-bit) character set.
Examples
The following example demonstrates the effect of the ASCII encoding on characters that are outside the ASCII range.
using namespace System;
using namespace System::Text;
using namespace System::Collections;
int main()
{
// Create an ASCII encoding.
Encoding^ ascii = Encoding::ASCII;
// A Unicode String* with two characters outside the ASCII code range.
String^ unicodeString = L"This unicode string contains two characters with codes outside the ASCII code range, Pi (\u03a0) and Sigma (\u03a3).";
Console::WriteLine( "Original string:" );
Console::WriteLine( unicodeString );
// Save the positions of the special characters for later reference.
int indexOfPi = unicodeString->IndexOf( L'\u03a0' );
int indexOfSigma = unicodeString->IndexOf( L'\u03a3' );
// Encode the String*.
array<Byte>^encodedBytes = ascii->GetBytes( unicodeString );
Console::WriteLine();
Console::WriteLine( "Encoded bytes:" );
IEnumerator^ myEnum = encodedBytes->GetEnumerator();
while ( myEnum->MoveNext() )
{
Byte b = safe_cast<Byte>(myEnum->Current);
Console::Write( "[{0}]", b );
}
Console::WriteLine();
// Notice that the special characters have been replaced with
// the value 63, which is the ASCII character code for '?'.
Console::WriteLine();
Console::WriteLine( "Value at position of Pi character: {0}", encodedBytes[ indexOfPi ] );
Console::WriteLine( "Value at position of Sigma character: {0}", encodedBytes[ indexOfSigma ] );
// Decode bytes back to String*.
// Notice the missing Pi and Sigma characters.
String^ decodedString = ascii->GetString( encodedBytes );
Console::WriteLine();
Console::WriteLine( "Decoded bytes:" );
Console::WriteLine( decodedString );
}
/*
This code produces the following output.
Original string:
This unicode string contains two characters with codes outside the ASCII code range, Pi (Π) and Sigma (Σ).
Encoded bytes:
[84][104][105][115][32][117][110][105][99][111][100][101][32][115][116][114][105][110][103][32][99][111][110][116][97][105][110][115][32][116][119][111][32][99][104][97][114][97][99][116][101][114][115][32][119][105][116][104][32][99][111][100][101][115][32][111][117][116][115][105][100][101][32][116][104][101][32][65][83][67][73][73][32][99][111][100][101][32][114][97][110][103][101][44][32][80][105][32][40][63][41][32][97][110][100][32][83][105][103][109][97][32][40][63][41][46]
Value at position of Pi character: 63
Value at position of Sigma character: 63
Decoded bytes:
This unicode string contains two characters with codes outside the ASCII code range, Pi (?) and Sigma (?).
*/
using System;
using System.Text;
class EncodingExample
{
public static void Main()
{
// Create an ASCII encoding.
Encoding ascii = Encoding.ASCII;
// A Unicode string with two characters outside the ASCII code range.
String unicodeString =
"This unicode string contains two characters " +
"with codes outside the ASCII code range, " +
"Pi (\u03a0) and Sigma (\u03a3).";
Console.WriteLine("Original string:");
Console.WriteLine(unicodeString);
// Save the positions of the special characters for later reference.
int indexOfPi = unicodeString.IndexOf('\u03a0');
int indexOfSigma = unicodeString.IndexOf('\u03a3');
// Encode the string.
Byte[] encodedBytes = ascii.GetBytes(unicodeString);
Console.WriteLine();
Console.WriteLine("Encoded bytes:");
foreach (Byte b in encodedBytes)
{
Console.Write("[{0}]", b);
}
Console.WriteLine();
// Notice that the special characters have been replaced with
// the value 63, which is the ASCII character code for '?'.
Console.WriteLine();
Console.WriteLine(
"Value at position of Pi character: {0}",
encodedBytes[indexOfPi]
);
Console.WriteLine(
"Value at position of Sigma character: {0}",
encodedBytes[indexOfSigma]
);
// Decode bytes back to a string.
// Notice missing the Pi and Sigma characters.
String decodedString = ascii.GetString(encodedBytes);
Console.WriteLine();
Console.WriteLine("Decoded bytes:");
Console.WriteLine(decodedString);
}
}
/*
This code produces the following output.
Original string:
This unicode string contains two characters with codes outside the ASCII code range, Pi (Π) and Sigma (Σ).
Encoded bytes:
[84][104][105][115][32][117][110][105][99][111][100][101][32][115][116][114][105][110][103][32][99][111][110][116][97][105][110][115][32][116][119][111][32][99][104][97][114][97][99][116][101][114][115][32][119][105][116][104][32][99][111][100][101][115][32][111][117][116][115][105][100][101][32][116][104][101][32][65][83][67][73][73][32][99][111][100][101][32][114][97][110][103][101][44][32][80][105][32][40][63][41][32][97][110][100][32][83][105][103][109][97][32][40][63][41][46]
Value at position of Pi character: 63
Value at position of Sigma character: 63
Decoded bytes:
This unicode string contains two characters with codes outside the ASCII code range, Pi (?) and Sigma (?).
*/
Imports System.Text
Class EncodingExample
Public Shared Sub Main()
' Create and ASCII encoding.
Dim ascii As Encoding = Encoding.ASCII
' A Unicode string with two characters outside the ASCII code range.
Dim unicodeString As String = "This unicode string contains two characters " + "with codes outside the ASCII code range, " + "Pi (" & ChrW(&H03A0) & ") and Sigma (" & ChrW(&H03A3) & ")."
Console.WriteLine("Original string:")
Console.WriteLine(unicodeString)
' Save the positions of the special characters for later reference.
Dim indexOfPi As Integer = unicodeString.IndexOf(ChrW(&H03A0))
Dim indexOfSigma As Integer = unicodeString.IndexOf(ChrW(&H03A3))
' Encode the string.
Dim encodedBytes As Byte() = ascii.GetBytes(unicodeString)
Console.WriteLine()
Console.WriteLine("Encoded bytes:")
For Each b In encodedBytes
Console.Write("[{0}]", b)
Next b
Console.WriteLine()
' Notice that the special characters have been replaced with
' the value 63, which is the ASCII character code for '?'.
Console.WriteLine()
Console.WriteLine("Value at position of Pi character: {0}", encodedBytes(indexOfPi))
Console.WriteLine("Value at position of Sigma character: {0}", encodedBytes(indexOfSigma))
' Decode bytes back to a string.
' Notice missing Pi and Sigma characters.
Dim decodedString As String = ascii.GetString(encodedBytes)
Console.WriteLine()
Console.WriteLine("Decoded bytes:")
Console.WriteLine(decodedString)
End Sub
End Class
'This code produces the following output.
'Original string:
'This unicode string contains two characters with codes outside the ASCII code range, Pi (Π) and Sigma (Σ).
'
'Encoded bytes:
'[84][104][105][115][32][117][110][105][99][111][100][101][32]'[115][116][114][105][110][103][32][99][111][110][116][97]'[105][110][115][32][116][119][111][32][99][104][97][114][97]'[99][116][101][114][115][32][119][105][116][104][32][99][111]'[100][101][115][32][111][117][116][115][105][100][101][32]'[116][104][101][32][65][83][67][73][73][32][99][111][100]'[101][32][114][97][110][103][101][44][32][80][105][32][40]'[63][41][32][97][110][100][32][83][105][103][109][97][32][40]'[63][41][46]
'
'Value at position of Pi character: 63
'Value at position of Sigma character: 63
'
'Decoded bytes:
'This unicode string contains two characters with codes outside 'the ASCII code range, Pi (?) and Sigma (?).
'
Remarks
ASCII characters are limited to the lowest 128 Unicode characters, from U+0000 to U+007F.
When selecting the ASCII encoding for your app, consider the following:
The ASCII encoding is usually appropriate for protocols that require ASCII.
If you require 8-bit encoding (which is sometimes incorrectly referred to as "ASCII"), the UTF-8 encoding is recommended over the ASCII encoding. For the characters 0-7F, the results are identical, but use of UTF-8 avoids data loss by allowing representation of all Unicode characters that are representable. Note that the ASCII encoding has an 8th bit ambiguity that can allow malicious use, but the UTF-8 encoding removes ambiguity about the 8th bit.
Prior to .NET Framework version 2.0, .NET Framework allowed spoofing by ignoring the 8th bit. Beginning with .NET Framework 2.0, non-ASCII code points fall back during decoding.
The ASCIIEncoding object that is returned by this property might not have the appropriate behavior for your app. It uses replacement fallback to replace each string that it cannot encode and each byte that it cannot decode with a question mark ("?") character. Instead, you can call the GetEncoding(String, EncoderFallback, DecoderFallback) method to instantiate an ASCIIEncoding object whose fallback is either an EncoderFallbackException or a DecoderFallbackException, as the following example illustrates.
using System;
using System.Text;
public class Example
{
public static void Main()
{
Encoding enc = Encoding.GetEncoding("us-ascii",
new EncoderExceptionFallback(),
new DecoderExceptionFallback());
string value = "\u00C4 \u00F6 \u00AE";
try {
byte[] bytes= enc.GetBytes(value);
foreach (var byt in bytes)
Console.Write("{0:X2} ", byt);
Console.WriteLine();
string value2 = enc.GetString(bytes);
Console.WriteLine(value2);
}
catch (EncoderFallbackException e) {
Console.WriteLine("Unable to encode {0} at index {1}",
e.IsUnknownSurrogate() ?
String.Format("U+{0:X4} U+{1:X4}",
Convert.ToUInt16(e.CharUnknownHigh),
Convert.ToUInt16(e.CharUnknownLow)) :
String.Format("U+{0:X4}",
Convert.ToUInt16(e.CharUnknown)),
e.Index);
}
}
}
// The example displays the following output:
// Unable to encode U+00C4 at index 0
Imports System.Text
Module Example
Public Sub Main()
Dim enc As Encoding = Encoding.GetEncoding("us-ascii",
New EncoderExceptionFallback(),
New DecoderExceptionFallback())
Dim value As String = String.Format("{0} {1} {2}",
ChrW(&h00C4), ChrW(&h00F6), ChrW(&h00AE))
Try
Dim bytes() As Byte = enc.GetBytes(value)
For Each byt As Byte In bytes
Console.Write("{0:X2} ", byt)
Next
Console.WriteLine()
Dim value2 As String = enc.GetString(bytes)
Console.WriteLine(value2)
Catch e As EncoderFallbackException
Console.WriteLine("Unable to encode {0} at index {1}",
If(e.IsUnknownSurrogate(),
String.Format("U+{0:X4} U+{1:X4}",
Convert.ToUInt16(e.CharUnknownHigh),
Convert.ToUInt16(e.CharUnknownLow)),
String.Format("U+{0:X4}",
Convert.ToUInt16(e.CharUnknown))),
e.Index)
End Try
End Sub
End Module
' The example displays the following output:
' Unable to encode U+00C4 at index 0
Applies to
See also
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