Random.Next メソッド
定義
重要
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ランダムな整数を返します。
オーバーロード
| Next() |
0 以上のランダムな整数を返します。 |
| Next(Int32) |
指定した最大値より小さい 0 以上のランダムな整数を返します。 |
| Next(Int32, Int32) |
指定した範囲内のランダムな整数を返します。 |
Next()
0 以上のランダムな整数を返します。
public:
virtual int Next();public virtual int Next ();abstract member Next : unit -> int
override this.Next : unit -> intPublic Overridable Function Next () As Integer戻り値
0 以上 で Int32.MaxValue より小さい 32 ビット符号付き整数。
例
次の例では、 メソッドを Next 繰り返し呼び出して、ユーザーが要求した特定の数の乱数を生成します。 メソッドは Console.ReadLine 、顧客の入力を取得するために使用されます。
using namespace System;
void main()
{
Console::Write("Number of random numbers to generate: ");
String^ line = Console::ReadLine();
unsigned int numbers = 0;
Random^ rnd = gcnew Random();
if (! UInt32::TryParse(line, numbers))
numbers = 10;
for (unsigned int ctr = 1; ctr <= numbers; ctr++)
Console::WriteLine("{0,15:N0}", rnd->Next());
}
// The example displays output like the following when asked to generate
// 15 random numbers:
// Number of random numbers to generate: 15
// 1,733,189,596
// 566,518,090
// 1,166,108,546
// 1,931,426,514
// 1,341,108,291
// 1,012,698,049
// 890,578,409
// 1,377,589,722
// 2,108,384,181
// 1,532,939,448
// 762,207,767
// 815,074,920
// 1,521,208,785
// 1,950,436,671
// 1,266,596,666
Console.Write("Number of random numbers to generate: ");
string? line = Console.ReadLine();
Random rnd = new Random();
if (!int.TryParse(line, out int numbers) || numbers <= 0)
{
numbers = 10;
}
for (uint ctr = 1; ctr <= numbers; ctr++)
Console.WriteLine($"{rnd.Next(),15:N0}");
// The example displays output like the following when asked to generate
// 15 random numbers:
// Number of random numbers to generate: 15
// 367 920 603
// 1 143 790 667
// 1 360 963 275
// 1 851 697 775
// 248 956 796
// 1 009 615 458
// 1 617 743 155
// 1 821 609 652
// 1 661 761 949
// 477 300 794
// 288 418 129
// 425 371 492
// 1 558 147 880
// 1 473 704 017
// 777 507 489
let rnd = Random()
printfn "Generating 10 random numbers:"
for _ = 1 to 10 do
printfn $"{rnd.Next(),15:N0}"
// The example displays output like the following:
//
// Generating 10 random numbers:
// 1,733,189,596
// 566,518,090
// 1,166,108,546
// 1,931,426,514
// 1,532,939,448
// 762,207,767
// 815,074,920
// 1,521,208,785
// 1,950,436,671
// 1,266,596,666
Module Example
Public Sub Main()
Console.Write("Number of random numbers to generate: ")
Dim line As String = Console.ReadLine()
Dim numbers As UInteger = 0
Dim rnd As New Random()
If Not UInt32.TryParse(line, numbers) Then numbers = 10
For ctr As UInteger = 1 To numbers
Console.WriteLine("{0,15:N0}", rnd.Next())
Next
End Sub
End Module
' The example displays output like the following when asked to generate
' 15 random numbers:
' Number of random numbers to generate: 15
' 1,733,189,596
' 566,518,090
' 1,166,108,546
' 1,931,426,514
' 1,341,108,291
' 1,012,698,049
' 890,578,409
' 1,377,589,722
' 2,108,384,181
' 1,532,939,448
' 762,207,767
' 815,074,920
' 1,521,208,785
' 1,950,436,671
' 1,266,596,666
次の例では、 から クラスを派生させて、基底クラス Random の メソッドによって Sample 生成される均一分布と分布が異なる乱数のシーケンスを生成します。 乱数の分布を Sample 提供するために メソッドをオーバーライドし、一連の乱数を Random.Next 使用するように メソッドをオーバーライドします。
using namespace System;
// This derived class converts the uniformly distributed random
// numbers generated by base.Sample() to another distribution.
public ref class RandomProportional : Random
{
// The Sample method generates a distribution proportional to the value
// of the random numbers, in the range [0.0, 1.0].
protected:
virtual double Sample() override
{
return Math::Sqrt(Random::Sample());
}
public:
RandomProportional()
{}
virtual int Next() override
{
return (int) (Sample() * Int32::MaxValue);
}
};
int main(array<System::String ^> ^args)
{
const int rows = 4, cols = 6;
const int runCount = 1000000;
const int distGroupCount = 10;
const double intGroupSize =
((double) Int32::MaxValue + 1.0) / (double)distGroupCount;
RandomProportional ^randObj = gcnew RandomProportional();
array<int>^ intCounts = gcnew array<int>(distGroupCount);
array<int>^ realCounts = gcnew array<int>(distGroupCount);
Console::WriteLine(
"\nThe derived RandomProportional class overrides " +
"the Sample method to \ngenerate random numbers " +
"in the range [0.0, 1.0]. The distribution \nof " +
"the numbers is proportional to their numeric values. " +
"For example, \nnumbers are generated in the " +
"vicinity of 0.75 with three times the \n" +
"probability of those generated near 0.25.");
Console::WriteLine(
"\nRandom doubles generated with the NextDouble() " +
"method:\n");
// Generate and display [rows * cols] random doubles.
for (int i = 0; i < rows; i++)
{
for (int j = 0; j < cols; j++)
Console::Write("{0,12:F8}", randObj->NextDouble());
Console::WriteLine();
}
Console::WriteLine(
"\nRandom integers generated with the Next() " +
"method:\n");
// Generate and display [rows * cols] random integers.
for (int i = 0; i < rows; i++)
{
for (int j = 0; j < cols; j++)
Console::Write("{0,12}", randObj->Next());
Console::WriteLine();
}
Console::WriteLine(
"\nTo demonstrate the proportional distribution, " +
"{0:N0} random \nintegers and doubles are grouped " +
"into {1} equal value ranges. This \n" +
"is the count of values in each range:\n",
runCount, distGroupCount);
Console::WriteLine(
"{0,21}{1,10}{2,20}{3,10}", "Integer Range",
"Count", "Double Range", "Count");
Console::WriteLine(
"{0,21}{1,10}{2,20}{3,10}", "-------------",
"-----", "------------", "-----");
// Generate random integers and doubles, and then count
// them by group.
for (int i = 0; i < runCount; i++)
{
intCounts[ (int)((double)randObj->Next() /
intGroupSize) ]++;
realCounts[ (int)(randObj->NextDouble() *
(double)distGroupCount) ]++;
}
// Display the count of each group.
for (int i = 0; i < distGroupCount; i++)
Console::WriteLine(
"{0,10}-{1,10}{2,10:N0}{3,12:N5}-{4,7:N5}{5,10:N0}",
(int)((double)i * intGroupSize),
(int)((double)(i + 1) * intGroupSize - 1.0),
intCounts[ i ],
((double)i) / (double)distGroupCount,
((double)(i + 1)) / (double)distGroupCount,
realCounts[ i ]);
return 0;
}
/*
This example of Random.Sample() displays output similar to the following:
The derived RandomProportional class overrides the Sample method to
generate random numbers in the range [0.0, 1.0). The distribution
of the numbers is proportional to the number values. For example,
numbers are generated in the vicinity of 0.75 with three times the
probability of those generated near 0.25.
Random doubles generated with the NextDouble() method:
0.59455719 0.17589882 0.83134398 0.35795862 0.91467727 0.54022658
0.93716947 0.54817519 0.94685080 0.93705478 0.18582318 0.71272428
0.77708682 0.95386216 0.70412393 0.86099417 0.08275804 0.79108316
0.71019941 0.84205103 0.41685082 0.58186880 0.89492302 0.73067715
Random integers generated with the Next() method:
1570755704 1279192549 1747627711 1705700211 1372759203 1849655615
2046235980 1210843924 1554274149 1307936697 1480207570 1057595022
337854215 844109928 2028310798 1386669369 2073517658 1291729809
1537248240 1454198019 1934863511 1640004334 2032620207 534654791
To demonstrate the proportional distribution, 1,000,000 random
integers and doubles are grouped into 10 equal value ranges. This
is the count of values in each range:
Integer Range Count Double Range Count
------------- ----- ------------ -----
0- 214748363 10,079 0.00000-0.10000 10,148
214748364- 429496728 29,835 0.10000-0.20000 29,849
429496729- 644245093 49,753 0.20000-0.30000 49,948
644245094- 858993458 70,325 0.30000-0.40000 69,656
858993459-1073741823 89,906 0.40000-0.50000 90,337
1073741824-1288490187 109,868 0.50000-0.60000 110,225
1288490188-1503238552 130,388 0.60000-0.70000 129,986
1503238553-1717986917 149,231 0.70000-0.80000 150,428
1717986918-1932735282 170,234 0.80000-0.90000 169,610
1932735283-2147483647 190,381 0.90000-1.00000 189,813
*/
using System;
// This derived class converts the uniformly distributed random
// numbers generated by base.Sample() to another distribution.
public class RandomProportional : Random
{
// The Sample method generates a distribution proportional to the value
// of the random numbers, in the range [0.0, 1.0].
protected override double Sample()
{
return Math.Sqrt(base.Sample());
}
public override int Next()
{
return (int) (Sample() * int.MaxValue);
}
}
public class RandomSampleDemo
{
static void Main()
{
const int rows = 4, cols = 6;
const int runCount = 1000000;
const int distGroupCount = 10;
const double intGroupSize =
((double)int.MaxValue + 1.0) / (double)distGroupCount;
RandomProportional randObj = new RandomProportional();
int[ ] intCounts = new int[ distGroupCount ];
int[ ] realCounts = new int[ distGroupCount ];
Console.WriteLine(
"\nThe derived RandomProportional class overrides " +
"the Sample method to \ngenerate random numbers " +
"in the range [0.0, 1.0]. The distribution \nof " +
"the numbers is proportional to their numeric values. " +
"For example, \nnumbers are generated in the " +
"vicinity of 0.75 with three times the \n" +
"probability of those generated near 0.25.");
Console.WriteLine(
"\nRandom doubles generated with the NextDouble() " +
"method:\n");
// Generate and display [rows * cols] random doubles.
for (int i = 0; i < rows; i++)
{
for (int j = 0; j < cols; j++)
Console.Write("{0,12:F8}", randObj.NextDouble());
Console.WriteLine();
}
Console.WriteLine(
"\nRandom integers generated with the Next() " +
"method:\n");
// Generate and display [rows * cols] random integers.
for (int i = 0; i < rows; i++)
{
for (int j = 0; j < cols; j++)
Console.Write("{0,12}", randObj.Next());
Console.WriteLine();
}
Console.WriteLine(
"\nTo demonstrate the proportional distribution, " +
"{0:N0} random \nintegers and doubles are grouped " +
"into {1} equal value ranges. This \n" +
"is the count of values in each range:\n",
runCount, distGroupCount);
Console.WriteLine(
"{0,21}{1,10}{2,20}{3,10}", "Integer Range",
"Count", "Double Range", "Count");
Console.WriteLine(
"{0,21}{1,10}{2,20}{3,10}", "-------------",
"-----", "------------", "-----");
// Generate random integers and doubles, and then count
// them by group.
for (int i = 0; i < runCount; i++)
{
intCounts[ (int)((double)randObj.Next() /
intGroupSize) ]++;
realCounts[ (int)(randObj.NextDouble() *
(double)distGroupCount) ]++;
}
// Display the count of each group.
for (int i = 0; i < distGroupCount; i++)
Console.WriteLine(
"{0,10}-{1,10}{2,10:N0}{3,12:N5}-{4,7:N5}{5,10:N0}",
(int)((double)i * intGroupSize),
(int)((double)(i + 1) * intGroupSize - 1.0),
intCounts[ i ],
((double)i) / (double)distGroupCount,
((double)(i + 1)) / (double)distGroupCount,
realCounts[ i ]);
}
}
/*
This example of Random.Sample() displays output similar to the following:
The derived RandomProportional class overrides the Sample method to
generate random numbers in the range [0.0, 1.0). The distribution
of the numbers is proportional to the number values. For example,
numbers are generated in the vicinity of 0.75 with three times the
probability of those generated near 0.25.
Random doubles generated with the NextDouble() method:
0.59455719 0.17589882 0.83134398 0.35795862 0.91467727 0.54022658
0.93716947 0.54817519 0.94685080 0.93705478 0.18582318 0.71272428
0.77708682 0.95386216 0.70412393 0.86099417 0.08275804 0.79108316
0.71019941 0.84205103 0.41685082 0.58186880 0.89492302 0.73067715
Random integers generated with the Next() method:
1570755704 1279192549 1747627711 1705700211 1372759203 1849655615
2046235980 1210843924 1554274149 1307936697 1480207570 1057595022
337854215 844109928 2028310798 1386669369 2073517658 1291729809
1537248240 1454198019 1934863511 1640004334 2032620207 534654791
To demonstrate the proportional distribution, 1,000,000 random
integers and doubles are grouped into 10 equal value ranges. This
is the count of values in each range:
Integer Range Count Double Range Count
------------- ----- ------------ -----
0- 214748363 10,079 0.00000-0.10000 10,148
214748364- 429496728 29,835 0.10000-0.20000 29,849
429496729- 644245093 49,753 0.20000-0.30000 49,948
644245094- 858993458 70,325 0.30000-0.40000 69,656
858993459-1073741823 89,906 0.40000-0.50000 90,337
1073741824-1288490187 109,868 0.50000-0.60000 110,225
1288490188-1503238552 130,388 0.60000-0.70000 129,986
1503238553-1717986917 149,231 0.70000-0.80000 150,428
1717986918-1932735282 170,234 0.80000-0.90000 169,610
1932735283-2147483647 190,381 0.90000-1.00000 189,813
*/
' This derived class converts the uniformly distributed random
' numbers generated by base.Sample() to another distribution.
Public Class RandomProportional
Inherits Random
' The Sample method generates a distribution proportional to the value
' of the random numbers, in the range [0.0, 1.0].
Protected Overrides Function Sample() As Double
Return Math.Sqrt(MyBase.Sample())
End Function
Public Overrides Function [Next]() As Integer
Return Sample() * Integer.MaxValue
End Function
End Class
Module RandomSampleDemo
Sub Main()
Const rows As Integer = 4, cols As Integer = 6
Const runCount As Integer = 1000000
Const distGroupCount As Integer = 10
Const intGroupSize As Double = _
(CDbl(Integer.MaxValue) + 1.0) / _
CDbl(distGroupCount)
Dim randObj As New RandomProportional()
Dim intCounts(distGroupCount) As Integer
Dim realCounts(distGroupCount) As Integer
Dim i As Integer, j As Integer
Console.WriteLine(vbCrLf & _
"The derived RandomProportional class overrides " & _
"the Sample method to " & vbCrLf & _
"generate random numbers in the range " & _
"[0.0, 1.0]. The distribution " & vbCrLf & _
"of the numbers is proportional to their numeric " & _
"values. For example, " & vbCrLf & _
"numbers are generated in the vicinity of 0.75 " & _
"with three times " & vbCrLf & "the " & _
"probability of those generated near 0.25.")
Console.WriteLine(vbCrLf & _
"Random doubles generated with the NextDouble() " & _
"method:" & vbCrLf)
' Generate and display [rows * cols] random doubles.
For i = 0 To rows - 1
For j = 0 To cols - 1
Console.Write("{0,12:F8}", randObj.NextDouble())
Next j
Console.WriteLine()
Next i
Console.WriteLine(vbCrLf & _
"Random integers generated with the Next() " & _
"method:" & vbCrLf)
' Generate and display [rows * cols] random integers.
For i = 0 To rows - 1
For j = 0 To cols - 1
Console.Write("{0,12}", randObj.Next())
Next j
Console.WriteLine()
Next i
Console.WriteLine(vbCrLf & _
"To demonstrate the proportional distribution, " & _
"{0:N0} random " & vbCrLf & _
"integers and doubles are grouped into {1} " & _
"equal value ranges. This " & vbCrLf & _
"is the count of values in each range:" & vbCrLf, _
runCount, distGroupCount)
Console.WriteLine("{0,21}{1,10}{2,20}{3,10}", _
"Integer Range", "Count", "Double Range", "Count")
Console.WriteLine("{0,21}{1,10}{2,20}{3,10}", _
"-------------", "-----", "------------", "-----")
' Generate random integers and doubles, and then count
' them by group.
For i = 0 To runCount - 1
intCounts(Fix(CDbl(randObj.Next()) / _
intGroupSize)) += 1
realCounts(Fix(randObj.NextDouble() * _
CDbl(distGroupCount))) += 1
Next i
' Display the count of each group.
For i = 0 To distGroupCount - 1
Console.WriteLine( _
"{0,10}-{1,10}{2,10:N0}{3,12:N5}-{4,7:N5}{5,10:N0}", _
Fix(CDbl(i) * intGroupSize), _
Fix(CDbl(i + 1) * intGroupSize - 1.0), _
intCounts(i), _
CDbl(i) / CDbl(distGroupCount), _
CDbl(i + 1) / CDbl(distGroupCount), _
realCounts(i))
Next i
End Sub
End Module
' This example of Random.Sample() generates output similar to the following:
'
' The derived RandomProportional class overrides the Sample method to
' generate random numbers in the range [0.0, 1.0]. The distribution
' of the numbers is proportional to their numeric values. For example,
' numbers are generated in the vicinity of 0.75 with three times
' the probability of those generated near 0.25.
'
' Random doubles generated with the NextDouble() method:
'
' 0.28377004 0.75920598 0.33430371 0.66720626 0.97080243 0.27353772
' 0.17787962 0.54618410 0.08145080 0.56286100 0.99002910 0.64898614
' 0.27673277 0.99455281 0.93778966 0.76162002 0.70533771 0.44375798
' 0.55939883 0.87383136 0.66465779 0.77392566 0.42393411 0.82409159
'
' Random integers generated with the Next() method:
'
' 1364479914 1230312341 1657373812 1526222928 988564704 700078020
' 1801013705 1541517421 1146312560 338318389 1558995993 2027260859
' 884520932 1320070465 570200106 1027684711 943035246 2088689333
' 630809089 1705728475 2140787648 2097858166 1863010875 1386804198
'
' To demonstrate the proportional distribution, 1,000,000 random
' integers and doubles are grouped into 10 equal value ranges. This
' is the count of values in each range:
'
' Integer Range Count Double Range Count
' ------------- ----- ------------ -----
' 0- 214748363 9,892 0.00000-0.10000 9,928
' 214748364- 429496728 30,341 0.10000-0.20000 30,101
' 429496729- 644245093 49,958 0.20000-0.30000 49,964
' 644245094- 858993458 70,099 0.30000-0.40000 70,213
' 858993459-1073741823 90,801 0.40000-0.50000 89,553
' 1073741824-1288490187 109,699 0.50000-0.60000 109,427
' 1288490188-1503238552 129,438 0.60000-0.70000 130,339
' 1503238553-1717986917 149,886 0.70000-0.80000 150,000
' 1717986918-1932735282 170,338 0.80000-0.90000 170,128
' 1932735283-2147483647 189,548 0.90000-1.00000 190,347
注釈
Random.Next は、値の範囲が 0 から より Int32.MaxValue小さい乱数を生成します。 値の範囲が 0 から他の正の数の乱数を生成するには、 メソッド オーバーロードを使用します Random.Next(Int32) 。 異なる範囲内の乱数を生成するには、 メソッドオーバーロードを使用します Random.Next(Int32, Int32) 。
注意 (継承者)
.NET Framework バージョン 2.0 以降では、 メソッドからRandomクラスを派生させてオーバーライドSample()した場合、メソッドの派生クラス実装によって提供される分布は、 メソッドのSample()Next()基底クラス実装の呼び出しでは使用されません。 代わりに、基底 Random クラスによって返される均一分布が使用されます。 この動作により、 クラスの全体的なパフォーマンスが Random 向上します。 派生クラスの メソッドを Sample() 呼び出すようにこの動作を変更するには、 メソッドもオーバーライドする Next() 必要があります。
こちらもご覧ください
適用対象
Next(Int32)
指定した最大値より小さい 0 以上のランダムな整数を返します。
public:
virtual int Next(int maxValue);public virtual int Next (int maxValue);abstract member Next : int -> int
override this.Next : int -> intPublic Overridable Function Next (maxValue As Integer) As Integerパラメーター
- maxValue
- Int32
生成される乱数の排他的上限値。 maxValue は 0 以上にする必要があります。
戻り値
0 以上で maxValue 未満の 32 ビット符号付き整数。つまり、通常は戻り値の範囲に 0 は含まれますが、maxValue は含まれません。 ただし、0 と等しい場合 maxValue は、0 が返されます。
例外
maxValue が 0 未満です。
例
次の例では、 メソッドのさまざまなオーバーロードを使用してランダムな整数を Next 生成します。
// Example of the Random::Next() methods.
using namespace System;
// Generate random numbers with no bounds specified.
void NoBoundsRandoms(int seed)
{
Console::WriteLine("\nRandom object, seed = {0}, no bounds:", seed);
Random^ randObj = gcnew Random(seed);
// Generate six random integers from 0 to int.MaxValue.
for (int j = 0; j < 6; j++)
Console::Write("{0,11} ", randObj->Next());
Console::WriteLine();
}
// Generate random numbers with an upper bound specified.
void UpperBoundRandoms(int seed, int upper)
{
Console::WriteLine("\nRandom object, seed = {0}, upper bound = {1}:", seed, upper);
Random^ randObj = gcnew Random(seed);
// Generate six random integers from 0 to the upper bound.
for (int j = 0; j < 6; j++)
Console::Write("{0,11} ", randObj->Next(upper));
Console::WriteLine();
}
// Generate random numbers with both bounds specified.
void BothBoundsRandoms(int seed, int lower, int upper)
{
Console::WriteLine("\nRandom object, seed = {0}, lower = {1}, upper = {2}:", seed, lower, upper);
Random^ randObj = gcnew Random(seed);
// Generate six random integers from the lower to
// upper bounds.
for (int j = 0; j < 6; j++)
Console::Write("{0,11} ", randObj->Next(lower, upper));
Console::WriteLine();
}
int main()
{
Console::WriteLine("This example of the Random::Next() methods\n"
"generates the following output.\n");
Console::WriteLine("Create Random objects all with the same seed and "
"generate\nsequences of numbers with different "
"bounds. Note the effect\nthat the various "
"combinations of bounds have on the sequences.");
NoBoundsRandoms(234);
UpperBoundRandoms(234, Int32::MaxValue);
UpperBoundRandoms(234, 2000000000);
UpperBoundRandoms(234, 200000000);
BothBoundsRandoms(234, 0, Int32::MaxValue);
BothBoundsRandoms(234, Int32::MinValue, Int32::MaxValue);
BothBoundsRandoms(234, -2000000000, 2000000000);
BothBoundsRandoms(234, -200000000, 200000000);
BothBoundsRandoms(234, -2000, 2000);
}
/*
This example of the Random::Next() methods
generates the following output.
Create Random objects all with the same seed and generate
sequences of numbers with different bounds. Note the effect
that the various combinations of bounds have on the sequences.
Random object, seed = 234, no bounds:
2091148258 1024955023 711273344 1081917183 1833298756 109460588
Random object, seed = 234, upper bound = 2147483647:
2091148258 1024955023 711273344 1081917183 1833298756 109460588
Random object, seed = 234, upper bound = 2000000000:
1947533580 954563751 662424922 1007613896 1707392518 101943116
Random object, seed = 234, upper bound = 200000000:
194753358 95456375 66242492 100761389 170739251 10194311
Random object, seed = 234, lower = 0, upper = 2147483647:
2091148258 1024955023 711273344 1081917183 1833298756 109460588
Random object, seed = 234, lower = -2147483648, upper = 2147483647:
2034812868 -97573602 -724936960 16350718 1519113864 -1928562472
Random object, seed = 234, lower = -2000000000, upper = 2000000000:
1895067160 -90872498 -675150156 15227793 1414785036 -1796113767
Random object, seed = 234, lower = -200000000, upper = 200000000:
189506716 -9087250 -67515016 1522779 141478503 -179611377
Random object, seed = 234, lower = -2000, upper = 2000:
1895 -91 -676 15 1414 -1797
*/
Console.WriteLine(
"""
This example of the Random.Next() methods
generates the following output.
"""
);
Console.WriteLine(
"""
Create Random objects all with the same seed and
generate\nsequences of numbers with different
bounds. Note the effect\nthat the various
combinations of bounds have on the sequences.
"""
);
NoBoundsRandoms(234);
UpperBoundRandoms(234, int.MaxValue);
UpperBoundRandoms(234, 2000000000);
UpperBoundRandoms(234, 200000000);
BothBoundsRandoms(234, 0, int.MaxValue);
BothBoundsRandoms(234, int.MinValue, int.MaxValue);
BothBoundsRandoms(234, -2000000000, 2000000000);
BothBoundsRandoms(234, -200000000, 200000000);
BothBoundsRandoms(234, -2000, 2000);
// Generate random numbers with no bounds specified.
void NoBoundsRandoms(int seed)
{
Console.WriteLine(
$"\nRandom object, seed = {seed}, no bounds:"
);
Random randObj = new(seed);
// Generate six random integers from 0 to int.MaxValue.
for (int j = 0; j < 6; j++)
Console.Write($"{randObj.Next(),11} ");
Console.WriteLine();
}
// Generate random numbers with an upper bound specified.
void UpperBoundRandoms(int seed, int upper)
{
Console.WriteLine(
$"\nRandom object, seed = {seed}, upper bound = {upper}:"
);
Random randObj = new(seed);
// Generate six random integers from 0 to the upper bound.
for (int j = 0; j < 6; j++)
Console.Write($"{randObj.Next(upper),11} ");
Console.WriteLine();
}
// Generate random numbers with both bounds specified.
void BothBoundsRandoms(int seed, int lower, int upper)
{
Console.WriteLine(
"\nRandom object, seed = {0}, lower = {1}, " +
"upper = {2}:", seed, lower, upper);
Random randObj = new(seed);
// Generate six random integers from the lower to
// upper bounds.
for (int j = 0; j < 6; j++)
Console.Write($"{randObj.Next(lower, upper),11} ");
Console.WriteLine();
}
/*
This example of the Random.Next() methods
generates the following output.
Create Random objects all with the same seed and generate
sequences of numbers with different bounds. Note the effect
that the various combinations of bounds have on the sequences.
Random object, seed = 234, no bounds:
2091148258 1024955023 711273344 1081917183 1833298756 109460588
Random object, seed = 234, upper bound = 2147483647:
2091148258 1024955023 711273344 1081917183 1833298756 109460588
Random object, seed = 234, upper bound = 2000000000:
1947533580 954563751 662424922 1007613896 1707392518 101943116
Random object, seed = 234, upper bound = 200000000:
194753358 95456375 66242492 100761389 170739251 10194311
Random object, seed = 234, lower = 0, upper = 2147483647:
2091148258 1024955023 711273344 1081917183 1833298756 109460588
Random object, seed = 234, lower = -2147483648, upper = 2147483647:
2034812868 -97573602 -724936960 16350718 1519113864 -1928562472
Random object, seed = 234, lower = -2000000000, upper = 2000000000:
1895067160 -90872498 -675150156 15227793 1414785036 -1796113767
Random object, seed = 234, lower = -200000000, upper = 200000000:
189506716 -9087250 -67515016 1522779 141478503 -179611377
Random object, seed = 234, lower = -2000, upper = 2000:
1895 -91 -676 15 1414 -1797
*/
let noBoundsRandoms seed =
printfn "\nRandom object, seed = %i, no bounds:" seed
let randObj = Random seed
// Generate six random integers from 0 to int.MaxValue.
for _ = 1 to 6 do
printf $"%11i{randObj.Next()} "
printfn ""
// Generate random numbers with an upper bound specified.
let upperBoundRandoms seed upper =
printfn $"\nRandom object, seed = %i{seed}, upper bound = %i{upper}"
let randObj = Random seed
// Generate six random integers from 0 to the upper bound.
for _ = 1 to 6 do
printf $"%11i{randObj.Next upper} "
printfn ""
// Generate random numbers with both bounds specified.
let bothBoundRandoms seed lower upper =
printfn $"\nRandom object, seed = %i{seed}, lower = %i{lower}, upper = %i{upper}: "
let randObj = Random seed
// Generate six random integers from the lower to upper bounds.
for _ = 1 to 6 do
printf $"%11i{randObj.Next(lower,upper)} "
printfn ""
printfn "This example of the Random.Next() methods\ngenerates the following.\n"
printfn """Create Random objects all with the same seed and generate
sequences of numbers with different bounds. Note the effect
that the various combinations of bounds have on the sequences."""
noBoundsRandoms 234
upperBoundRandoms 234 Int32.MaxValue
upperBoundRandoms 234 2000000000
upperBoundRandoms 234 200000000
bothBoundRandoms 234 0 Int32.MaxValue
bothBoundRandoms 234 Int32.MinValue Int32.MaxValue
bothBoundRandoms 234 -2000000000 2000000000
bothBoundRandoms 234 -200000000 200000000
bothBoundRandoms 234 -2000 2000
(*
This example of the Random.Next() methods
generates the following output.
Create Random objects all with the same seed and generate
sequences of numbers with different bounds. Note the effect
that the various combinations of bounds have on the sequences.
Random object, seed = 234, no bounds:
2091148258 1024955023 711273344 1081917183 1833298756 109460588
Random object, seed = 234, upper bound = 2147483647:
2091148258 1024955023 711273344 1081917183 1833298756 109460588
Random object, seed = 234, upper bound = 2000000000:
1947533580 954563751 662424922 1007613896 1707392518 101943116
Random object, seed = 234, upper bound = 200000000:
194753358 95456375 66242492 100761389 170739251 10194311
Random object, seed = 234, lower = 0, upper = 2147483647:
2091148258 1024955023 711273344 1081917183 1833298756 109460588
Random object, seed = 234, lower = -2147483648, upper = 2147483647:
2034812868 -97573602 -724936960 16350718 1519113864 -1928562472
Random object, seed = 234, lower = -2000000000, upper = 2000000000:
1895067160 -90872498 -675150156 15227793 1414785036 -1796113767
Random object, seed = 234, lower = -200000000, upper = 200000000:
189506716 -9087250 -67515016 1522779 141478503 -179611377
Random object, seed = 234, lower = -2000, upper = 2000:
1895 -91 -676 15 1414 -1797
*)
' Example of the Random.Next() methods.
Module RandomNextDemo
' Generate random numbers with no bounds specified.
Sub NoBoundsRandoms(seed As Integer)
Console.WriteLine(vbCrLf &
"Random object, seed = {0}, no bounds:", seed)
Dim randObj As New Random(seed)
' Generate six random integers from 0 to int.MaxValue.
Dim j As Integer
For j = 0 To 5
Console.Write("{0,11} ", randObj.Next())
Next j
Console.WriteLine()
End Sub
' Generate random numbers with an upper bound specified.
Sub UpperBoundRandoms(seed As Integer, upper As Integer)
Console.WriteLine(vbCrLf &
"Random object, seed = {0}, upper bound = {1}:",
seed, upper)
Dim randObj As New Random(seed)
' Generate six random integers from 0 to the upper bound.
Dim j As Integer
For j = 0 To 5
Console.Write("{0,11} ", randObj.Next(upper))
Next j
Console.WriteLine()
End Sub
' Generate random numbers with both bounds specified.
Sub BothBoundsRandoms(seed As Integer, lower As Integer, upper As Integer)
Console.WriteLine(vbCrLf &
"Random object, seed = {0}, lower = {1}, " &
"upper = {2}:", seed, lower, upper)
Dim randObj As New Random(seed)
' Generate six random integers from the lower to
' upper bounds.
Dim j As Integer
For j = 0 To 5
Console.Write("{0,11} ",
randObj.Next(lower, upper))
Next j
Console.WriteLine()
End Sub
Sub Main()
Console.WriteLine(
"This example of the Random.Next() methods" &
vbCrLf & "generates the following output." & vbCrLf)
Console.WriteLine(
"Create Random objects all with the same seed " &
"and generate" & vbCrLf & "sequences of numbers " &
"with different bounds. Note the effect " & vbCrLf &
"that the various combinations " &
"of bounds have on the sequences.")
NoBoundsRandoms(234)
UpperBoundRandoms(234, Int32.MaxValue)
UpperBoundRandoms(234, 2000000000)
UpperBoundRandoms(234, 200000000)
BothBoundsRandoms(234, 0, Int32.MaxValue)
BothBoundsRandoms(234, Int32.MinValue, Int32.MaxValue)
BothBoundsRandoms(234, -2000000000, 2000000000)
BothBoundsRandoms(234, -200000000, 200000000)
BothBoundsRandoms(234, -2000, 2000)
End Sub
End Module
' This example of the Random.Next() methods
' generates the following output.
'
' Create Random objects all with the same seed and generate
' sequences of numbers with different bounds. Note the effect
' that the various combinations of bounds have on the sequences.
'
' Random object, seed = 234, no bounds:
' 2091148258 1024955023 711273344 1081917183 1833298756 109460588
'
' Random object, seed = 234, upper bound = 2147483647:
' 2091148258 1024955023 711273344 1081917183 1833298756 109460588
'
' Random object, seed = 234, upper bound = 2000000000:
' 1947533580 954563751 662424922 1007613896 1707392518 101943116
'
' Random object, seed = 234, upper bound = 200000000:
' 194753358 95456375 66242492 100761389 170739251 10194311
'
' Random object, seed = 234, lower = 0, upper = 2147483647:
' 2091148258 1024955023 711273344 1081917183 1833298756 109460588
'
' Random object, seed = 234, lower = -2147483648, upper = 2147483647:
' 2034812868 -97573602 -724936960 16350718 1519113864 -1928562472
'
' Random object, seed = 234, lower = -2000000000, upper = 2000000000:
' 1895067160 -90872498 -675150156 15227793 1414785036 -1796113767
'
' Random object, seed = 234, lower = -200000000, upper = 200000000:
' 189506716 -9087250 -67515016 1522779 141478503 -179611377
'
' Random object, seed = 234, lower = -2000, upper = 2000:
' 1895 -91 -676 15 1414 -1797
次の例では、配列から文字列値を取得するためのインデックスとして使用されるランダムな整数を生成します。 配列の最大インデックスは長さよりも 1 つ小さいため、 プロパティの Array.Length 値は パラメーターとして maxValue 指定されます。
using namespace System;
void main()
{
Random^ rnd = gcnew Random();
array<String^>^ malePetNames = { "Rufus", "Bear", "Dakota", "Fido",
"Vanya", "Samuel", "Koani", "Volodya",
"Prince", "Yiska" };
array<String^>^ femalePetNames = { "Maggie", "Penny", "Saya", "Princess",
"Abby", "Laila", "Sadie", "Olivia",
"Starlight", "Talla" };
// Generate random indexes for pet names.
int mIndex = rnd->Next(malePetNames->Length);
int fIndex = rnd->Next(femalePetNames->Length);
// Display the result.
Console::WriteLine("Suggested pet name of the day: ");
Console::WriteLine(" For a male: {0}", malePetNames[mIndex]);
Console::WriteLine(" For a female: {0}", femalePetNames[fIndex]);
}
// The example displays output similar to the following:
// Suggested pet name of the day:
// For a male: Koani
// For a female: Maggie
Random rnd = new();
string[] malePetNames = [ "Rufus", "Bear", "Dakota", "Fido",
"Vanya", "Samuel", "Koani", "Volodya",
"Prince", "Yiska" ];
string[] femalePetNames = [ "Maggie", "Penny", "Saya", "Princess",
"Abby", "Laila", "Sadie", "Olivia",
"Starlight", "Talla" ];
// Generate random indexes for pet names.
int mIndex = rnd.Next(malePetNames.Length);
int fIndex = rnd.Next(femalePetNames.Length);
// Display the result.
Console.WriteLine("Suggested pet name of the day: ");
Console.WriteLine($" For a male: {malePetNames[mIndex]}");
Console.WriteLine($" For a female: {femalePetNames[fIndex]}");
// The example displays output similar to the following:
// Suggested pet name of the day:
// For a male: Koani
// For a female: Maggie
let rnd = Random()
let malePetNames =
[| "Rufus"; "Bear"; "Dakota"; "Fido";
"Vanya"; "Samuel"; "Koani"; "Volodya";
"Prince"; "Yiska" |]
let femalePetNames =
[| "Maggie"; "Penny"; "Saya"; "Princess";
"Abby"; "Laila"; "Sadie"; "Olivia";
"Starlight"; "Talla" |]
// Generate random indexes for pet names.
let mIndex = rnd.Next malePetNames.Length
let fIndex = rnd.Next femalePetNames.Length
// Display the result.
printfn "Suggested pet name of the day: "
printfn " For a male: %s" malePetNames.[mIndex]
printfn " For a female: %s" femalePetNames.[fIndex]
// The example displays output similar to the following:
// Suggested pet name of the day:
// For a male: Koani
// For a female: Maggie
Module Example
Public Sub Main()
Dim rnd As New Random()
Dim malePetNames() As String = { "Rufus", "Bear", "Dakota", "Fido",
"Vanya", "Samuel", "Koani", "Volodya",
"Prince", "Yiska" }
Dim femalePetNames() As String = { "Maggie", "Penny", "Saya", "Princess",
"Abby", "Laila", "Sadie", "Olivia",
"Starlight", "Talla" }
' Generate random indexes for pet names.
Dim mIndex As Integer = rnd.Next(malePetNames.Length)
Dim fIndex As Integer = rnd.Next(femalePetNames.Length)
' Display the result.
Console.WriteLine("Suggested pet name of the day: ")
Console.WriteLine(" For a male: {0}", malePetNames(mIndex))
Console.WriteLine(" For a female: {0}", femalePetNames(fIndex))
End Sub
End Module
' The example displays output similar to the following:
' Suggested pet name of the day:
' For a male: Koani
' For a female: Maggie
注釈
オーバーロードは Next(Int32) 、0 から - 1 の範囲のランダムな整数を maxValue 返します。 ただし、 が 0 の場合 maxValue 、 メソッドは 0 を返します。
こちらもご覧ください
適用対象
Next(Int32, Int32)
指定した範囲内のランダムな整数を返します。
public:
virtual int Next(int minValue, int maxValue);public virtual int Next (int minValue, int maxValue);abstract member Next : int * int -> int
override this.Next : int * int -> intPublic Overridable Function Next (minValue As Integer, maxValue As Integer) As Integerパラメーター
- minValue
- Int32
返される乱数の包括的下限値。
- maxValue
- Int32
返される乱数の排他的上限値。 maxValue は minValue 以上である必要があります。
戻り値
minValue 以上で maxValue 未満の 32 ビット符号付整数。つまり、戻り値の範囲に minValue は含まれますが maxValue は含まれません。 minValue が maxValue と等しい場合は、minValue が返されます。
例外
minValue が maxValue より大きくなっています。
例
次の例では、 メソッドを Random.Next(Int32, Int32) 使用して、3 つの異なる範囲を持つランダムな整数を生成します。 この例からの正確な出力は、クラス コンストラクターに渡される Random システム指定のシード値によって異なります。
using namespace System;
void main()
{
Random^ rnd = gcnew Random();
Console::WriteLine("\n20 random integers from -100 to 100:");
for (int ctr = 1; ctr <= 20; ctr++)
{
Console::Write("{0,6}", rnd->Next(-100, 101));
if (ctr % 5 == 0) Console::WriteLine();
}
Console::WriteLine("\n20 random integers from 1000 to 10000:");
for (int ctr = 1; ctr <= 20; ctr++)
{
Console::Write("{0,8}", rnd->Next(1000, 10001));
if (ctr % 5 == 0) Console::WriteLine();
}
Console::WriteLine("\n20 random integers from 1 to 10:");
for (int ctr = 1; ctr <= 20; ctr++)
{
Console::Write("{0,6}", rnd->Next(1, 11));
if (ctr % 5 == 0) Console::WriteLine();
}
}
// The example displays output similar to the following:
// 20 random integers from -100 to 100:
// 65 -95 -10 90 -35
// -83 -16 -15 -19 41
// -67 -93 40 12 62
// -80 -95 67 -81 -21
//
// 20 random integers from 1000 to 10000:
// 4857 9897 4405 6606 1277
// 9238 9113 5151 8710 1187
// 2728 9746 1719 3837 3736
// 8191 6819 4923 2416 3028
//
// 20 random integers from 1 to 10:
// 9 8 5 9 9
// 9 1 2 3 8
// 1 4 8 10 5
// 9 7 9 10 5
Random rnd = new();
Console.WriteLine("\n20 random integers from -100 to 100:");
for (int ctr = 1; ctr <= 20; ctr++)
{
Console.Write("{0,6}", rnd.Next(-100, 101));
if (ctr % 5 == 0) Console.WriteLine();
}
Console.WriteLine("\n20 random integers from 1000 to 10000:");
for (int ctr = 1; ctr <= 20; ctr++)
{
Console.Write("{0,8}", rnd.Next(1000, 10001));
if (ctr % 5 == 0) Console.WriteLine();
}
Console.WriteLine("\n20 random integers from 1 to 10:");
for (int ctr = 1; ctr <= 20; ctr++)
{
Console.Write("{0,6}", rnd.Next(1, 11));
if (ctr % 5 == 0) Console.WriteLine();
}
// The example displays output similar to the following:
// 20 random integers from -100 to 100:
// 65 -95 -10 90 -35
// -83 -16 -15 -19 41
// -67 -93 40 12 62
// -80 -95 67 -81 -21
//
// 20 random integers from 1000 to 10000:
// 4857 9897 4405 6606 1277
// 9238 9113 5151 8710 1187
// 2728 9746 1719 3837 3736
// 8191 6819 4923 2416 3028
//
// 20 random integers from 1 to 10:
// 9 8 5 9 9
// 9 1 2 3 8
// 1 4 8 10 5
// 9 7 9 10 5
let rnd = Random()
printfn "\n20 random integers from -100 to 100:"
for i = 1 to 20 do
printf "%6i" (rnd.Next(-100,100))
if i % 5 = 0 then printfn ""
printfn "\n20 random integers from 1000 to 10000:"
for i = 1 to 20 do
printf "%8i" (rnd.Next(1000,10001))
if i % 5 = 0 then printfn ""
printfn "\n20 random integers from 1 to 10:"
for i = 1 to 20 do
printf "%6i" (rnd.Next(1,11))
if i % 5 = 0 then printfn ""
// The example displays output similar to the following:
// 20 random integers from -100 to 100:
// 65 -95 -10 90 -35
// -83 -16 -15 -19 41
// -67 -93 40 12 62
// -80 -95 67 -81 -21
//
// 20 random integers from 1000 to 10000:
// 4857 9897 4405 6606 1277
// 9238 9113 5151 8710 1187
// 2728 9746 1719 3837 3736
// 8191 6819 4923 2416 3028
//
// 20 random integers from 1 to 10:
// 9 8 5 9 9
// 9 1 2 3 8
// 1 4 8 10 5
// 9 7 9 10 5
Module Example
Public Sub Main()
Dim rnd As New Random()
Console.WriteLine("20 random integers from -100 to 100:")
For ctr As Integer = 1 To 20
Console.Write("{0,6}", rnd.Next(-100, 101))
If ctr Mod 5 = 0 Then Console.WriteLine()
Next
Console.WriteLine()
Console.WriteLine("20 random integers from 1000 to 10000:")
For ctr As Integer = 1 To 20
Console.Write("{0,8}", rnd.Next(1000, 10001))
If ctr Mod 5 = 0 Then Console.WriteLine()
Next
Console.WriteLine()
Console.WriteLine("20 random integers from 1 to 10:")
For ctr As Integer = 1 To 20
Console.Write("{0,6}", rnd.Next(1, 11))
If ctr Mod 5 = 0 Then Console.WriteLine()
Next
End Sub
End Module
' The example displays output similar to the following:
' 20 random integers from -100 to 100:
' 65 -95 -10 90 -35
' -83 -16 -15 -19 41
' -67 -93 40 12 62
' -80 -95 67 -81 -21
'
' 20 random integers from 1000 to 10000:
' 4857 9897 4405 6606 1277
' 9238 9113 5151 8710 1187
' 2728 9746 1719 3837 3736
' 8191 6819 4923 2416 3028
'
' 20 random integers from 1 to 10:
' 9 8 5 9 9
' 9 1 2 3 8
' 1 4 8 10 5
' 9 7 9 10 5
次の例では、配列から文字列値を取得するためのインデックスとして使用されるランダムな整数を生成します。 配列の最大インデックスは長さよりも 1 つ小さいため、 プロパティの Array.Length 値は パラメーターとして maxValue 指定されます。
using namespace System;
void main()
{
Random^ rnd = gcnew Random();
array<String^>^ malePetNames = { "Rufus", "Bear", "Dakota", "Fido",
"Vanya", "Samuel", "Koani", "Volodya",
"Prince", "Yiska" };
array<String^>^ femalePetNames = { "Maggie", "Penny", "Saya", "Princess",
"Abby", "Laila", "Sadie", "Olivia",
"Starlight", "Talla" };
// Generate random indexes for pet names.
int mIndex = rnd->Next(0, malePetNames->Length);
int fIndex = rnd->Next(0, femalePetNames->Length);
// Display the result.
Console::WriteLine("Suggested pet name of the day: ");
Console::WriteLine(" For a male: {0}", malePetNames[mIndex]);
Console::WriteLine(" For a female: {0}", femalePetNames[fIndex]);
}
// The example displays the following output:
// Suggested pet name of the day:
// For a male: Koani
// For a female: Maggie
Random rnd = new();
string[] malePetNames = [ "Rufus", "Bear", "Dakota", "Fido",
"Vanya", "Samuel", "Koani", "Volodya",
"Prince", "Yiska" ];
string[] femalePetNames = [ "Maggie", "Penny", "Saya", "Princess",
"Abby", "Laila", "Sadie", "Olivia",
"Starlight", "Talla" ];
// Generate random indexes for pet names.
int mIndex = rnd.Next(0, malePetNames.Length);
int fIndex = rnd.Next(0, femalePetNames.Length);
// Display the result.
Console.WriteLine("Suggested pet name of the day: ");
Console.WriteLine($" For a male: {malePetNames[mIndex]}");
Console.WriteLine($" For a female: {femalePetNames[fIndex]}");
// The example displays the following output:
// Suggested pet name of the day:
// For a male: Koani
// For a female: Maggie
let rnd = Random()
let malePetNames =
[| "Rufus"; "Bear"; "Dakota"; "Fido";
"Vanya"; "Samuel"; "Koani"; "Volodya";
"Prince"; "Yiska" |]
let femalePetNames =
[| "Maggie"; "Penny"; "Saya"; "Princess";
"Abby"; "Laila"; "Sadie"; "Olivia";
"Starlight"; "Talla" |]
// Generate random indexes for pet names.
let mIndex = rnd.Next(0, malePetNames.Length)
let fIndex = rnd.Next(0, femalePetNames.Length)
// Display the result.
printfn "Suggested pet name of the day: "
printfn " For a male: %s" malePetNames.[mIndex]
printfn " For a female: %s" femalePetNames.[fIndex]
// The example displays output similar to the following:
// Suggested pet name of the day:
// For a male: Koani
// For a female: Maggie
Module Example
Public Sub Main()
Dim rnd As New Random()
Dim malePetNames() As String = { "Rufus", "Bear", "Dakota", "Fido",
"Vanya", "Samuel", "Koani", "Volodya",
"Prince", "Yiska" }
Dim femalePetNames() As String = { "Maggie", "Penny", "Saya", "Princess",
"Abby", "Laila", "Sadie", "Olivia",
"Starlight", "Talla" }
' Generate random indexes for pet names.
Dim mIndex As Integer = rnd.Next(0, malePetNames.Length)
Dim fIndex As Integer = rnd.Next(0, femalePetNames.Length)
' Display the result.
Console.WriteLine("Suggested pet name of the day: ")
Console.WriteLine(" For a male: {0}", malePetNames(mIndex))
Console.WriteLine(" For a female: {0}", femalePetNames(fIndex))
End Sub
End Module
' The example displays output like the following:
' Suggested pet name of the day:
' For a male: Koani
' For a female: Maggie
注釈
オーバーロードは Next(Int32, Int32) 、 から minValue - 1 までの範囲のランダムな整数を maxValue 返します。 ただし、 が とminValue等しい場合maxValue、メソッドは を返しますminValue。
負以外の値のみを返す メソッドの Next 他のオーバーロードとは異なり、このメソッドは負のランダム整数を返すことができます。
注意 (継承者)
.NET Framework バージョン 2.0 以降では、 メソッドからRandomクラスを派生させてオーバーライドSample()した場合、メソッドのSample()派生クラス実装によって提供される分布は、 パラメーターと maxValue パラメーターの差minValueが Int32.MaxValue より大きい場合、メソッド オーバーロードのNext(Int32, Int32)基底クラス実装の呼び出しでは使用されません。 代わりに、基底 Random クラスによって返される均一分布が使用されます。 この動作により、 クラスの全体的なパフォーマンスが Random 向上します。 派生クラスの メソッドを Sample() 呼び出すようにこの動作を変更するには、メソッド のオーバーロードもオーバーライドする Next(Int32, Int32) 必要があります。
こちらもご覧ください
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