Random.NextDouble Method

Definition

Returns a random floating-point number that is greater than or equal to 0.0, and less than 1.0.

public virtual double NextDouble ();

Returns

A double-precision floating point number that is greater than or equal to 0.0, and less than 1.0.

Examples

The following example uses the NextDouble method to generate sequences of random doubles.

// Example of the Random class constructors and Random.NextDouble()
// method.
using System;
using System.Threading;

public class RandomObjectDemo
{
    // Generate random numbers from the specified Random object.
    static void RunIntNDoubleRandoms(Random randObj)
    {
        // Generate the first six random integers.
        for(int j = 0; j < 6; j++)
            Console.Write(" {0,10} ", randObj.Next());
        Console.WriteLine();

        // Generate the first six random doubles.
        for(int j = 0; j < 6; j++)
            Console.Write(" {0:F8} ", randObj.NextDouble());
        Console.WriteLine();
    }

    // Create a Random object with the specified seed.
    static void FixedSeedRandoms(int seed)
    {
        Console.WriteLine(
            "\nRandom numbers from a Random object with " +
            "seed = {0}:", seed);
        Random fixRand = new Random(seed);

        RunIntNDoubleRandoms(fixRand);
    }

    // Create a random object with a timer-generated seed.
    static void AutoSeedRandoms()
    {
        // Wait to allow the timer to advance.
        Thread.Sleep(1);

        Console.WriteLine(
            "\nRandom numbers from a Random object " +
            "with an auto-generated seed:");
        Random autoRand = new Random();

        RunIntNDoubleRandoms(autoRand);
    }

    static void Main()
    {	
        Console.WriteLine(
            "This example of the Random class constructors and " +
            "Random.NextDouble() \n" +
            "generates the following output.\n");
        Console.WriteLine(
            "Create Random objects, and then generate and " +
            "display six integers and \nsix doubles from each.");

        FixedSeedRandoms(123);
        FixedSeedRandoms(123);

        FixedSeedRandoms(456);
        FixedSeedRandoms(456);

        AutoSeedRandoms();
        AutoSeedRandoms();
        AutoSeedRandoms();
    }
}

/*
This example of the Random class constructors and Random.NextDouble()
generates an output similar to the following:

Create Random objects, and then generate and display six integers and
six doubles from each.

Random numbers from a Random object with seed = 123:
 2114319875  1949518561  1596751841  1742987178  1586516133   103755708
 0.01700087  0.14935942  0.19470390  0.63008947  0.90976122  0.49519146

Random numbers from a Random object with seed = 123:
 2114319875  1949518561  1596751841  1742987178  1586516133   103755708
 0.01700087  0.14935942  0.19470390  0.63008947  0.90976122  0.49519146

Random numbers from a Random object with seed = 456:
 2044805024  1323311594  1087799997  1907260840   179380355   120870348
 0.21988117  0.21026556  0.39236514  0.42420498  0.24102703  0.47310170

Random numbers from a Random object with seed = 456:
 2044805024  1323311594  1087799997  1907260840   179380355   120870348
 0.21988117  0.21026556  0.39236514  0.42420498  0.24102703  0.47310170

Random numbers from a Random object with an auto-generated seed:
  380213349   127379247  1969091178  1983029819  1963098450  1648433124
 0.08824121  0.41249688  0.36445811  0.05637512  0.62702451  0.49595560

Random numbers from a Random object with an auto-generated seed:
  861793304  2133528783  1947358439   124230908   921262645  1087892791
 0.56880819  0.42934091  0.60162512  0.74388610  0.99432979  0.30310005

Random numbers from a Random object with an auto-generated seed:
 1343373259  1992194672  1925625700   412915644  2026910487   527352458
 0.04937517  0.44618494  0.83879212  0.43139707  0.36163507  0.11024451
*/

The following example calls the NextDouble method to generate 100 random numbers and displays their frequency distribution.

int[] frequency = new int[10];
double number;
Random rnd = new Random();

for (int ctr = 0; ctr <= 99; ctr++) {
   number = rnd.NextDouble();
   frequency[(int) Math.Floor(number*10)] ++;
}
Console.WriteLine("Distribution of Random Numbers:");
for (int ctr = frequency.GetLowerBound(0); ctr <= frequency.GetUpperBound(0); ctr++)
   Console.WriteLine("0.{0}0-0.{0}9       {1}", ctr, frequency[ctr]);

// The following example displays output similar to the following:
//       Distribution of Random Numbers:
//       0.00-0.09       16
//       0.10-0.19       8
//       0.20-0.29       8
//       0.30-0.39       11
//       0.40-0.49       9
//       0.50-0.59       6
//       0.60-0.69       13
//       0.70-0.79       6
//       0.80-0.89       9
//       0.90-0.99       14

Remarks

The actual upper bound of the random number returned by this method is 0.99999999999999978.

To retrieve random floating-point values within a range other than 0.0 and 1.0, see the "Retrieve floating-point values in a specified range" section of the Random class topic.

This method is the public version of the protected method, Sample.

Applies to

製品 バージョン
.NET Core 1.0, Core 1.1, Core 2.0, Core 2.1, Core 2.2, Core 3.0, Core 3.1, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9
.NET Framework 1.1, 2.0, 3.0, 3.5, 4.0, 4.5, 4.5.1, 4.5.2, 4.6, 4.6.1, 4.6.2, 4.7, 4.7.1, 4.7.2, 4.8, 4.8.1
.NET Standard 1.0, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.5, 1.6, 2.0, 2.1
UWP 10.0