MessageQueue.Formatter プロパティ

[アーティクル]
03/28/2008

キューから読み取られるメッセージまたはキューに書き込まれるメッセージの本文とオブジェクトとの間でシリアル化または逆シリアル化を行うために使用する書式指定子を取得または設定します。

Public Property Formatter As IMessageFormatter
[C#]
public IMessageFormatter Formatter {get; set;}
[C++]
public: __property IMessageFormatter* get_Formatter();public: __property void set_Formatter(IMessageFormatter*);
[JScript]
public function get Formatter() : IMessageFormatter;public function set Formatter(IMessageFormatter);

プロパティ値

メッセージ本文に書き込むストリーム、またはメッセージ本文から読み取るストリームを生成する IMessageFormatter 。既定値は XmlMessageFormatter です。

解説

アプリケーションがキューに対して読み取りまたは書き込みを実行するときにメッセージを変換する書式指定子オブジェクトのインスタンスを格納する Formatter プロパティ。

アプリケーションがメッセージをキューに送信するときに、書式指定子はオブジェクトをストリームにシリアル化し、メッセージ本文に挿入します。キューから読み取るときは、フォーマッタがメッセージデータを Message の Body プロパティに逆シリアル化します。

XmlMessageFormatter は疎結合であるため、この形式を使用する場合に、送信側と受信側のオブジェクト型が同じである必要はありません。 ActiveXMessageFormatter と BinaryMessageFormatter は、データをシリアル化してバイナリ表現にします。 ActiveXMessageFormatter は COM コンポーネントを送受信するときに使用されます。

BinaryMessageFormatter と ActiveXMessageFormatter のスループットは、 XmlMessageFormatter のスループットよりも高速です。 ActiveXMessageFormatter を使用すると、Visual Basic 6.0 のメッセージキューアプリケーションと相互運用できます。

アプリケーションがメッセージをキューに送信するときに MessageQueue.Formatter が適用されるのは、既定のメッセージプロパティ DefaultPropertiesToSend を使用するメッセージだけです。 Message をキューに送信する場合、メッセージキューは Message.Formatter プロパティで定義されたフォーマッタを使用して、本文をシリアル化します。

メモ MessageQueue クラスは、常に Message を使用してメッセージをキューから受信またはピークします。メッセージは、 MessageQueue.Formatter プロパティを使用して逆シリアル化されます。

このプロパティが各種のワークグループモードで使用できるかどうかを次の表に示します。

ワークグループモード	使用可否
ローカルコンピュータ	はい
ローカルコンピュータ + 直接書式名	はい
リモートコンピュータ	いいえ
リモートコンピュータ + 直接書式名	はい

使用例

[Visual Basic, C#, C++] BinaryMessageFormatter を使用してメッセージの本文を書式設定する例を次に示します。

 
Imports System
Imports System.Messaging
Imports System.Drawing
Imports System.IO


Namespace MyProject
    _
   
   
   '/ <summary>
   '/ Provides a container class for the example.
   '/ </summary>
   Public Class MyNewQueue
      
      
      '**************************************************
      ' Provides an entry point into the application.
      '         
      ' This example sends and receives a message from
      ' a queue.
      '**************************************************
      Public Shared Sub Main()
         ' Create a new instance of the class.
         Dim myNewQueue As New MyNewQueue()
         
         ' Create a queue on the local computer.
         CreateQueue(".\myQueue")
         
         ' Send a message to a queue.
         myNewQueue.SendMessage()
         
         ' Receive a message from a queue.
         myNewQueue.ReceiveMessage()
         
         Return
      End Sub 'Main
      
      
      '**************************************************
      ' Creates a new queue.
      '**************************************************
      Public Shared Sub CreateQueue(queuePath As String)
         Try
            If Not MessageQueue.Exists(queuePath) Then
               MessageQueue.Create(queuePath)
            Else
               Console.WriteLine((queuePath + " already exists."))
            End If
         Catch e As MessageQueueException
            Console.WriteLine(e.Message)
         End Try
      End Sub 'CreateQueue
       
      
      '**************************************************
      ' Sends an image to a queue, using the BinaryMessageFormatter.
      '**************************************************
      Public Sub SendMessage()
         Try
            
            ' Create a new bitmap.
            ' The file must be in the \bin\debug or \bin\retail folder, or
            ' you must give a full path to its location.
            Dim myImage As Image = Bitmap.FromFile("SentImage.bmp")
            
            ' Connect to a queue on the local computer.
            Dim myQueue As New MessageQueue(".\myQueue")
            
            Dim myMessage As New Message(myImage, New BinaryMessageFormatter())
            
            ' Send the image to the queue.
            myQueue.Send(myMessage)
         Catch e As ArgumentException
            Console.WriteLine(e.Message)
         End Try 
         
         Return
      End Sub 'SendMessage
      
      
      
      '**************************************************
      ' Receives a message containing an image.
      '**************************************************
      Public Sub ReceiveMessage()
         
         Try
            
            ' Connect to the a queue on the local computer.
            Dim myQueue As New MessageQueue(".\myQueue")
            
            ' Set the formatter to indicate body contains an Order.
            myQueue.Formatter = New BinaryMessageFormatter()
            
            ' Receive and format the message. 
            Dim myMessage As System.Messaging.Message = myQueue.Receive()
            Dim myImage As Bitmap = CType(myMessage.Body, Bitmap)
            
            ' This will be saved in the \bin\debug or \bin\retail folder.
            myImage.Save("ReceivedImage.bmp", System.Drawing.Imaging.ImageFormat.Bmp)
         
         
         
         Catch
         ' Handle Message Queuing exceptions.
         
         ' Handle invalid serialization format.
         Catch e As InvalidOperationException
            Console.WriteLine(e.Message)
         
         Catch e As IOException
         End Try
         ' Handle file access exceptions.
         
         ' Catch other exceptions as necessary.
         Return
      End Sub 'ReceiveMessage
   End Class 'MyNewQueue
End Namespace 'MyProject

[C#] 
using System;
using System.Messaging;
using System.Drawing;
using System.IO;

namespace MyProject
{
    

    /// <summary>
    /// Provides a container class for the example.
    /// </summary>
    public class MyNewQueue
    {

        //**************************************************
        // Provides an entry point into the application.
        //         
        // This example sends and receives a message from
        // a queue.
        //**************************************************

        public static void Main()
        {
            // Create a new instance of the class.
            MyNewQueue myNewQueue = new MyNewQueue();

            // Create a queue on the local computer.
            CreateQueue(".\\myQueue");
            
            // Send a message to a queue.
            myNewQueue.SendMessage();

            // Receive a message from a queue.
            myNewQueue.ReceiveMessage();

            return;
        }

        //**************************************************
        // Creates a new queue.
        //**************************************************

        public static void CreateQueue(string queuePath)
        {
            try    
                {
                if(!MessageQueue.Exists(queuePath))
                {
                    MessageQueue.Create(queuePath);
                }
                else
                {
                    Console.WriteLine(queuePath + " already exists.");
                }
            }
            catch (MessageQueueException e)
            {
                Console.WriteLine(e.Message);
            }
            
        }

        //**************************************************
        // Sends an image to a queue, using the BinaryMessageFormatter.
        //**************************************************
        
        public void SendMessage()
        {
            try{

                // Create a new bitmap.
                // The file must be in the \bin\debug or \bin\retail folder, or
                // you must give a full path to its location.
                Image myImage = Bitmap.FromFile("SentImage.bmp");

                // Connect to a queue on the local computer.
                MessageQueue myQueue = new MessageQueue(".\\myQueue");
                
                Message myMessage = new Message(myImage, new BinaryMessageFormatter());

                // Send the image to the queue.
                myQueue.Send(myMessage);
            }
            catch(ArgumentException e)
            {
                Console.WriteLine(e.Message);
            
            }

            return;
        }


        //**************************************************
        // Receives a message containing an image.
        //**************************************************
        
        public  void ReceiveMessage()
        {
                        
            try
            {

                // Connect to the a queue on the local computer.
                MessageQueue myQueue = new MessageQueue(".\\myQueue");

                // Set the formatter to indicate body contains an Order.
                myQueue.Formatter = new BinaryMessageFormatter();

                // Receive and format the message. 
                System.Messaging.Message myMessage = myQueue.Receive(); 
                Bitmap myImage = (Bitmap)myMessage.Body;
                
                // This will be saved in the \bin\debug or \bin\retail folder.
                myImage.Save("ReceivedImage.bmp",System.Drawing.Imaging.ImageFormat.Bmp);
                
                
            }
            
            catch (MessageQueueException)
            {
                // Handle Message Queuing exceptions.
            }

            // Handle invalid serialization format.
            catch (InvalidOperationException e)
            {
                Console.WriteLine(e.Message);
            }

            catch (IOException e)
            {
                // Handle file access exceptions.
            }
            
            // Catch other exceptions as necessary.

            return;
        }
    }
}

[C++] 
#using <mscorlib.dll>
#using <system.dll>
#using <system.messaging.dll>
#using <system.drawing.dll>

using namespace System;
using namespace System::Messaging;
using namespace System::Drawing;
using namespace System::IO;

/// <summary>
/// Provides a container class for the example.
/// </summary>
__gc class MyNewQueue 
{
    //*************************************************
    // Creates a new queue.
    //*************************************************
public:
    static void CreateQueue(String* queuePath) 
    {
        try 
        {
            if (!MessageQueue::Exists(queuePath)) 
            {
                MessageQueue::Create(queuePath);
            }
            else 
            {
                Console::WriteLine("{0} already exists.", queuePath);
            }
        } 
        catch (MessageQueueException* e) 
        {
            Console::WriteLine(e->Message);
        }

    }

    //*************************************************
    // Sends an image to a queue, using the BinaryMessageFormatter.
    //*************************************************
public:
    void SendMessage() 
    {
        try 
        {
            // Create a new bitmap.
            // The file must be in the \bin\debug or \bin\retail folder, or
            // you must give a full path to its location.
            Image* myImage = Bitmap::FromFile(S"SentImage::bmp");

            // Connect to a queue on the local computer.
            MessageQueue* myQueue = new MessageQueue(S".\\myQueue");

            Message* myMessage = new Message(myImage, new BinaryMessageFormatter());

            // Send the image to the queue.
            myQueue->Send(myMessage);
        } 
        catch (ArgumentException* e) 
        {
            Console::WriteLine(e->Message);
        }

        return;
    }

    //*************************************************
    // Receives a message containing an image.
    //*************************************************
public:
    void ReceiveMessage() 
    {
        try 
        {
            // Connect to the a queue on the local computer.
            MessageQueue* myQueue = new MessageQueue(S".\\myQueue");

            // Set the formatter to indicate body contains an Order.
            myQueue->Formatter = new BinaryMessageFormatter();

            // Receive and format the message. 
            Message* myMessage = myQueue->Receive(); 
            Bitmap* myImage = static_cast<Bitmap*>(myMessage->Body);

            // This will be saved in the \bin\debug or \bin\retail folder.
            myImage->Save(S"ReceivedImage::bmp", System::Drawing::Imaging::ImageFormat::Bmp);
        } 
        catch (MessageQueueException*) 
        {
            // Handle Message Queuing exceptions.
        }

        // Handle invalid serialization format.
        catch (InvalidOperationException* e) 
        {
            Console::WriteLine(e->Message);
        }
        catch (IOException* e) 
        {
            // Handle file access exceptions.
        }

        // Catch other exceptions as necessary.
        return;
    }
};

//*************************************************
// Provides an entry point into the application.
//         
// This example sends and receives a message from
// a queue.
//*************************************************
int main() 
{
    // Create a new instance of the class.
    MyNewQueue* myNewQueue = new MyNewQueue();

    // Create a queue on the local computer.
    MyNewQueue::CreateQueue(S".\\myQueue");

    // Send a message to a queue.
    myNewQueue->SendMessage();

    // Receive a message from a queue.
    myNewQueue->ReceiveMessage();

    return 0;
}

[Visual Basic, C#, C++] XmlMessageFormatter を使用してメッセージの本文を書式設定する例を次に示します。

 
Imports System
Imports System.Messaging
Imports System.Drawing
Imports System.IO


Namespace MyProject
    _
   
   ' The following example 
   ' sends to a queue and receives from a queue.
   Public Class Order
      Public orderId As Integer
      Public orderTime As DateTime
   End Class 'Order
    _
   
   '/ <summary>
   '/ Provides a container class for the example.
   '/ </summary>
   Public Class MyNewQueue
      
      
      '**************************************************
      ' Provides an entry point into the application.
      '         
      ' This example sends and receives a message from
      ' a queue.
      '**************************************************
      Public Shared Sub Main()
         ' Create a new instance of the class.
         Dim myNewQueue As New MyNewQueue()
         
         ' Create a queue on the local computer.
         CreateQueue(".\myQueue")
         
         ' Send a message to a queue.
         myNewQueue.SendMessage()
         
         ' Receive a message from a queue.
         myNewQueue.ReceiveMessage()
         
         Return
      End Sub 'Main
      
      
      '**************************************************
      ' Creates a new queue.
      '**************************************************
      Public Shared Sub CreateQueue(queuePath As String)
         Try
            If Not MessageQueue.Exists(queuePath) Then
               MessageQueue.Create(queuePath)
            Else
               Console.WriteLine((queuePath + " already exists."))
            End If
         Catch e As MessageQueueException
            Console.WriteLine(e.Message)
         End Try
      End Sub 'CreateQueue
       
      
      '**************************************************
      ' Sends an Order to a queue.
      '**************************************************
      Public Sub SendMessage()
         Try
            
            ' Create a new order and set values.
            Dim sentOrder As New Order()
            sentOrder.orderId = 3
            sentOrder.orderTime = DateTime.Now
            
            ' Connect to a queue on the local computer.
            Dim myQueue As New MessageQueue(".\myQueue")
            
            
            
            ' Create the new order.
            Dim myMessage As New Message(sentOrder)
            
            ' Send the order to the queue.
            myQueue.Send(myMessage)
         Catch e As ArgumentException
            Console.WriteLine(e.Message)
         End Try 
         
         Return
      End Sub 'SendMessage
      
      
      
      '**************************************************
      ' Receives a message containing an order.
      '**************************************************
      Public Sub ReceiveMessage()
         ' Connect to the a queue on the local computer.
         Dim myQueue As New MessageQueue(".\myQueue")
         
         ' Set the formatter to indicate body contains an Order.
         myQueue.Formatter = New XmlMessageFormatter(New Type() {GetType(MyProject.Order)})
         
         Try
            ' Receive and format the message. 
            Dim myMessage As Message = myQueue.Receive()
            Dim myOrder As Order = CType(myMessage.Body, Order)
            
            ' Display message information.
            Console.WriteLine(("Order ID: " + myOrder.orderId.ToString()))
            Console.WriteLine(("Sent: " + myOrder.orderTime.ToString()))
         
         Catch
         ' Handle Message Queuing exceptions.
         
         ' Handle invalid serialization format.
         Catch e As InvalidOperationException
            Console.WriteLine(e.Message)
         End Try
         
         ' Catch other exceptions as necessary.
         Return
      End Sub 'ReceiveMessage
   End Class 'MyNewQueue
End Namespace 'MyProject

[C#] 
using System;
using System.Messaging;
using System.Drawing;
using System.IO;

namespace MyProject
{

    // The following example 
    // sends to a queue and receives from a queue.
    public class Order
    {
        public int orderId;
        public DateTime orderTime;
    };    

    /// <summary>
    /// Provides a container class for the example.
    /// </summary>
    public class MyNewQueue
    {

        //**************************************************
        // Provides an entry point into the application.
        //         
        // This example sends and receives a message from
        // a queue.
        //**************************************************

        public static void Main()
        {
            // Create a new instance of the class.
            MyNewQueue myNewQueue = new MyNewQueue();

            // Create a queue on the local computer.
            CreateQueue(".\\myQueue");
            
            // Send a message to a queue.
            myNewQueue.SendMessage();

            // Receive a message from a queue.
            myNewQueue.ReceiveMessage();

            return;
        }

        //**************************************************
        // Creates a new queue.
        //**************************************************

        public static void CreateQueue(string queuePath)
        {
            try    
            {
                if(!MessageQueue.Exists(queuePath))
                {
                    MessageQueue.Create(queuePath);
                }
                else
                {
                    Console.WriteLine(queuePath + " already exists.");
                }
            }
            catch (MessageQueueException e)
            {
                Console.WriteLine(e.Message);
            }
            
        }

        //**************************************************
        // Sends an Order to a queue.
        //**************************************************
        
        public void SendMessage()
        {
            try
            {

                // Create a new order and set values.
                Order sentOrder = new Order();
                sentOrder.orderId = 3;
                sentOrder.orderTime = DateTime.Now;

                // Connect to a queue on the local computer.
                MessageQueue myQueue = new MessageQueue(".\\myQueue");


                
                // Create the new order.
                Message myMessage = new Message(sentOrder);

                // Send the order to the queue.
                myQueue.Send(myMessage);
            }
            catch(ArgumentException e)
            {
                Console.WriteLine(e.Message);
            
            }

            return;
        }


        //**************************************************
        // Receives a message containing an order.
        //**************************************************
        
        public  void ReceiveMessage()
        {
            // Connect to the a queue on the local computer.
            MessageQueue myQueue = new MessageQueue(".\\myQueue");

            // Set the formatter to indicate body contains an Order.
            myQueue.Formatter = new XmlMessageFormatter(new Type[]
                {typeof(MyProject.Order)});
            
            try
            {
                // Receive and format the message. 
                Message myMessage =    myQueue.Receive(); 
                Order myOrder = (Order)myMessage.Body;

                // Display message information.
                Console.WriteLine("Order ID: " + 
                    myOrder.orderId.ToString());
                Console.WriteLine("Sent: " + 
                    myOrder.orderTime.ToString());
            }
            
            catch (MessageQueueException)
            {
                // Handle Message Queuing exceptions.
            }

                // Handle invalid serialization format.
            catch (InvalidOperationException e)
            {
                Console.WriteLine(e.Message);
            }
            
            // Catch other exceptions as necessary.

            return;
        }
    }
}

[C++] 
#using <mscorlib.dll>
#using <system.dll>
#using <system.messaging.dll>
#using <system.drawing.dll>

using namespace System;
using namespace System::Messaging;
using namespace System::Drawing;
using namespace System::IO;


__gc class Order 
{
public:
    int orderId;
public:
    DateTime orderTime;
};    

__gc class MyNewQueue 
{
public:
    static void CreateQueue(String* queuePath) 
    {
        try 
        {
            if (!MessageQueue::Exists(queuePath)) 
            {
                MessageQueue::Create(queuePath);
            }
            else 
            {
                Console::WriteLine("{0} already exists.", queuePath );
            }
        } 
        catch (MessageQueueException* e) 
        {
            Console::WriteLine(e->Message);
        }
    }

public:
    void SendMessage() 
    {
        try 
        {
            // Create a new order and set values.
            Order* sentOrder = new Order();
            sentOrder->orderId = 3;
            sentOrder->orderTime = DateTime::Now;

            // Connect to a queue on the local computer.
            MessageQueue* myQueue = new MessageQueue(S".\\myQueue");

            // Create the new order.
            Message* myMessage = new Message(sentOrder);

            // Send the order to the queue.
            myQueue->Send(myMessage);
        } 
        catch (ArgumentException* e) 
        {
            Console::WriteLine(e->Message);

        }
        return;
    }

public:
    void ReceiveMessage() 
    {
        // Connect to the a queue on the local computer.
        MessageQueue* myQueue = new MessageQueue(S".\\myQueue");

        // Set the formatter to indicate body contains an Order.
        Type* p __gc[] = new Type*[1];
        p[0] = __typeof(Order);
        myQueue->Formatter = new XmlMessageFormatter( p );

        try 
        {
            // Receive and format the message. 
            Message* myMessage = myQueue->Receive(); 
            Order* myOrder = dynamic_cast<Order*>(myMessage->Body);

            // Display message information.
            Console::WriteLine(S"Order ID: {0}", __box(myOrder->orderId));
            Console::WriteLine(S"Sent: {0}", __box(myOrder->orderTime));
        }
        catch (MessageQueueException*) 
        {
            // Handle Message Queuing exceptions.
        }
        // Handle invalid serialization format.
        catch (InvalidOperationException* e) 
        {
            Console::WriteLine(e->Message);
        }
        // Catch other exceptions as necessary.

        return;
    }
};

int main() 
{
    // Create a new instance of the class.
    MyNewQueue* myNewQueue = new MyNewQueue();

    // Create a queue on the local computer.
    MyNewQueue::CreateQueue(S".\\myQueue");

    // Send a message to a queue.
    myNewQueue->SendMessage();

    // Receive a message from a queue.
    myNewQueue->ReceiveMessage();

    return 0;
}

[JScript] JScript のサンプルはありません。Visual Basic、C#、および C++ のサンプルを表示するには、このページの左上隅にある言語のフィルタボタンをクリックします。

必要条件

プラットフォーム: Windows 98, Windows NT 4.0, Windows Millennium Edition, Windows 2000, Windows XP Home Edition, Windows XP Professional, Windows Server 2003 ファミリ

.NET Framework セキュリティ:

直前の呼び出し元の完全信頼。このメンバは、部分的に信頼されているコードから使用することはできません。詳細の参照先 : 部分信頼コードからのライブラリの使用

参照

次の方法で共有

MessageQueue.Formatter プロパティ

プロパティ値

解説

使用例

必要条件

参照

その他のリソース