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Create and manage Azure Database for PostgreSQL - Flexible Server firewall rules using the Azure CLI

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APPLIES TO: Azure Database for PostgreSQL - Flexible Server

Azure Database for PostgreSQL flexible server supports two types of mutually exclusive network connectivity methods to connect to your Azure Database for PostgreSQL flexible server instance. The two options are:

  • Public access (allowed IP addresses). That method can be further secured by using Private Link based networking with Azure Database for PostgreSQL flexible server in Preview.
  • Private access (VNet Integration)

This article focuses on creation of an Azure Database for PostgreSQL flexible server instance with Public access (allowed IP addresses) using Azure CLI and provides an overview on Azure CLI commands you can use to create, update, delete, list, and show firewall rules after server creation. With Public access (allowed IP addresses), the connections to the Azure Database for PostgreSQL flexible server instance are restricted to allowed IP addresses only. The client IP addresses need to be allowed in firewall rules. To learn more about it, refer to Public access (allowed IP addresses). The firewall rules can be defined at the time of server creation (recommended) but can be added later as well.

Launch Azure Cloud Shell

The Azure Cloud Shell is a free interactive shell that you can use to run the steps in this article. It has common Azure tools preinstalled and configured to use with your account.

To open the Cloud Shell, just select Try it from the upper right corner of a code block. You can also open Cloud Shell in a separate browser tab by going to https://shell.azure.com/bash. Select Copy to copy the blocks of code, paste it into the Cloud Shell, and select Enter to run it.

If you prefer to install and use the CLI locally, this quickstart requires Azure CLI version 2.0 or later. Run az --version to find the version. If you need to install or upgrade, see Install Azure CLI.

Prerequisites

You need to sign in to your account using the az login command. Note the ID property, which refers to Subscription ID for your Azure account.

az login

Select the specific subscription under your account using az account set command. Make a note of the ID value from the az login output to use as the value for subscription argument in the command. If you have multiple subscriptions, choose the appropriate subscription in which the resource should be billed. To get all your subscription, use az account list.

az account set --subscription <subscription id>

Create firewall rule during Azure Database for PostgreSQL flexible server instance creation using Azure CLI

You can use the az postgres flexible-server --public access command to create the Azure Database for PostgreSQL flexible server instance with Public access (allowed IP addresses) and configure the firewall rules during creation of the Azure Database for PostgreSQL flexible server instance. You can use the --public-access switch to provide the allowed IP addresses that will be able to connect to the server. You can provide single or range of IP addresses to be included in the allowed list of IPs. IP address range must be dash separated and does not contain any spaces. There are various options to create an Azure Database for PostgreSQL flexible server instance using CLI as shown in the following examples.

Refer to the Azure CLI reference documentation for the complete list of configurable CLI parameters. For example, in the below commands you can optionally specify the resource group.

  • Create an Azure Database for PostgreSQL flexible server instance with public access and add client IP address to have access to the server:

    az postgres flexible-server create --public-access <my_client_ip>

  • Create an Azure Database for PostgreSQL flexible server instance with public access and add the range of IP address to have access to this server:

    az postgres flexible-server create --public-access <start_ip_address-end_ip_address>

  • Create an Azure Database for PostgreSQL flexible server instance with public access and allow applications from Azure IP addresses to connect to your Azure Database for PostgreSQL flexible server instance:

    az postgres flexible-server create --public-access 0.0.0.0

    Important

    This option configures the firewall to allow public access from Azure services and resources within Azure to this server including connections from the subscriptions of other customers. When selecting this option, make sure your login and user permissions limit access to only authorized users.

    • Create an Azure Database for PostgreSQL flexible server instance with public access and allow all IP address: 
      az postgres flexible-server create --public-access all

      Note

      The preceding command creates a firewall rule with start IP address=0.0.0.0, end IP address=255.255.255.255 and no IP addresses are blocked. Any host on the internet can access this server. It is strongly recommended to use this rule only temporarily and only on test servers that don't contain sensitive data.

  • Create an Azure Database for PostgreSQL flexible server instance with public access and with no IP address:

    az postgres flexible-server create --public-access none

    Note

    We don't recommend creating a server without any firewall rules. If you don't add any firewall rules then no client will be able to connect to the server.

Create and manage firewall rule after server create

The az postgres flexible-server firewall-rule command is used from the Azure CLI to create, delete, list, show, and update firewall rules.

Commands:

  • create: Create an Azure Database for PostgreSQL flexible server firewall rule.
  • list: List the Azure Database for PostgreSQL flexible server firewall rules.
  • update: Update an Azure Database for PostgreSQL flexible server firewall rule.
  • show: Show the details of an Azure Database for PostgreSQL flexible server firewall rule.
  • delete: Delete an Azure Database for PostgreSQL flexible server firewall rule.

Refer to the Azure CLI reference documentation for the complete list of configurable CLI parameters. For example, in the following commands you can optionally specify the resource group.

Create a firewall rule

Use the az postgres flexible-server firewall-rule create command to create new firewall rule on the server. To allow access to a range of IP addresses, provide the IP address as the Start IP address and End IP address, as in this example. This command also expects Azure resource group name where server is located as a parameter.

az postgres flexible-server firewall-rule create --name mydemoserver --resource-group testGroup --start-ip-address 13.83.152.0 --end-ip-address 13.83.152.15

To allow access for a single IP address, just provide single IP address, as in this example.

az postgres flexible-server firewall-rule create --name mydemoserver  --resource-group testGroup  --start-ip-address 1.1.1.1

To allow applications from Azure IP addresses to connect to your Azure Database for PostgreSQL flexible server instance, provide the IP address 0.0.0.0 as the Start IP, as in this example.

az postgres flexible-server firewall-rule create --name mydemoserver --resource-group testGroup --start-ip-address 0.0.0.0

Important

This option configures the firewall to allow public access from Azure services and resources within Azure to this server including connections from the subscriptions of other customers. When selecting this option, make sure your login and user permissions limit access to only authorized users.

Upon success, each create command output lists the details of the firewall rule you created, in JSON format (by default). If there is a failure, the output shows error message text instead.

List firewall rules

Use the az postgres flexible-server firewall-rule list command to list the existing server firewall rules on the server. Notice that the server name attribute is specified in the --name switch.

az postgres flexible-server firewall-rule list --name mydemoserver --resource-group testGroup

The output lists the rules, if any, in JSON format (by default). You can use the--output table** switch to output the results in a more readable table format.

az postgres flexible-server firewall-rule list --name mydemoserver --resource-group testGroup --output table

Update a firewall rule

Use the az postgres flexible-server firewall-rule update command to update an existing firewall rule on the server. Provide the name of the existing firewall rule as input, as well as the start IP address and end IP address attributes to update.

az postgres flexible-server firewall-rule update --name mydemoserver --rule-name FirewallRule1 --resource-group testGroup --start-ip-address 13.83.152.0 --end-ip-address 13.83.152.1

Upon success, the command output lists the details of the firewall rule you updated, in JSON format (by default). If there is a failure, the output shows error message text instead.

Note

If the firewall rule doesn't exist, the rule is created by the update command.

Show firewall rule details

Use the az postgres flexible-server firewall-rule show command to show the existing firewall rule details from the server. Provide the name of the existing firewall rule as input.

az postgres flexible-server firewall-rule show --name mydemoserver --rule-name FirewallRule1 --resource-group testGroup

Upon success, the command output lists the details of the firewall rule you have specified, in JSON format (by default). If there is a failure, the output shows error message text instead.

Delete a firewall rule

Use the az postgres flexible-server firewall-rule delete command to delete an existing firewall rule from the server. Provide the name of the existing firewall rule.

az postgres flexible-server firewall-rule delete --name mydemoserver --rule-name FirewallRule1 --resource-group testGroup

Upon success, there is no output. Upon failure, error message text displays.

Next steps