Microsoft Purview glossary

This glossary provides a brief description of important terms and concepts for Microsoft Purview solutions and experiences.

A

Term	Description
Advanced resource sets	A set of features activated at the Microsoft Purview instance level that, when enabled, enrich resource set assets by computing extra aggregations on the metadata to provide information such as partition counts, total size, and schema counts. Resource set pattern rules are also included.
Annotation	Information that is associated with data assets in the Microsoft Purview Data Map, for example, glossary terms and classifications. After they're applied, annotations can be used within Search to aid in the discovery of the data assets.
Approved	The state given to any request that has been accepted as satisfactory by the designated individual or group who has authority to change the state of the request.
Asset	Any single object that is stored within a Microsoft Purview Data Catalog. Note: A single object in the catalog could potentially represent many objects in storage, for example, a resource set is an asset but it's made up of many partition files in storage.
Azure Information Protection	A cloud solution that supports labeling of documents and emails to classify and protect information. Labeled items can be protected by encryption, marked with a watermark, or restricted to specific actions or users, and is bound to the item. This cloud-based solution relies on Azure Rights Management Service (RMS) for enforcing restrictions.

B

Term	Description
Business glossary	A searchable list of specialized terms that an organization uses to describe key business words and their definitions. Using a business glossary can provide consistent data usage across the organization.

C

Term	Description
Capacity unit	A measure of data map usage. All Microsoft Purview Data Maps include one capacity unit by default, which provides up to 10 GB of metadata storage and has a throughput of 25 data map operations per second.
Classification report	A report that shows key classification details about the scanned data.
Classification rule	A set of conditions that determine how scanned data should be classified when content matches the specified pattern.
Classified asset	An asset where Microsoft Purview extracts schema and applies classifications during an automated scan. The scan rule set determines which assets get classified. If the asset is considered a candidate for classification and no classifications are applied during scan time, an asset is still considered a classified asset.
Classifier	The technology used to identify, categorize, classify, and label data. Microsoft Purview offers several classifiers, including sensitive info types, trainable classifiers, and exact data match (EDM) classifiers.
Collection	An organization-defined grouping of assets, terms, annotations, and sources. Collections allow for easier fine-grained access control and discoverability of assets within a data catalog.
Collection admin	A role that can assign roles in the Microsoft Purview governance portal. Collection admins can add users to roles on collections where they're admins. They can also edit collections, their details, and add subcollections.
Column pattern	A regular expression included in a classification rule that represents the column names that you want to match.
Contact	An individual who is associated with an entity in the data catalog.
Control plane operation	An operation that manages resources in your subscription, such as role-based access control and Azure policy that are sent to the Azure Resource Manager end point. Control plane operations can also apply to resources outside of Azure across on-premises, multicloud, and SaaS sources.
Credential	A verification of identity or tool used in an access control system. Credentials can be used to authenticate an individual or group to grant access to a data asset.

D

Term	Description
Data Catalog	A searchable inventory of assets and their associated metadata that allows users to find and curate data across a data estate. The Data Catalog also includes a business glossary where subject matter experts can provide terms and definitions to add a business context to an item.
Data curator	A role that provides access to the data catalog to manage assets, configure custom classifications, set up glossary terms, and view insights. Data curators can create, read, modify, move, and delete assets. They can also apply annotations to assets.
Data dictionary	A list of canonical names of database columns and their corresponding data types. Often used to describe the format and structure of a database, and the relationship between its elements.
Data Estate Insights	An area of the Microsoft Purview governance portal that provides up-to-date reports and actionable insights about the data estate.
Data Map	A metadata repository that is the foundation of the Microsoft Purview governance portal. The data map is a graph that describes assets across a data estate and is populated through scans and other data ingestion processes. This graph helps organizations understand and govern their data by providing rich descriptions of assets, representing data lineage, classifying assets, storing relationships between assets, and housing information at both the technical and semantic layers. The data map is an open platform that can be interacted with and accessed through Apache Atlas APIs or the Microsoft Purview governance portal.
Data Map operation	A create, read, update, or delete action performed on an entity in the data map. For example, creating an asset in the data map is considered a data map operation.
Data owner	An individual or group responsible for managing a data asset.
Data pattern	A regular expression that represents the data that is stored in a data field. For example, a data pattern for employee ID could be Employee{GUID}.
Data plane operation	An operation within a specific Microsoft Purview instance, such as editing an asset or creating a glossary term. Each instance has predefined roles, such as "data reader" and "data curator" that control which data plane operations a user can perform.
Data reader	A role that provides read-only access to data assets, classifications, classification rules, collections, glossary terms, and insights.
Data Share contributor	A role that can share data within an organization and with other organizations using data share capabilities in Microsoft Purview. Data share contributors can view, create, update, and delete sent and received shares.
Data Sharing	Microsoft Purview Data Sharing is a set of features in Microsoft Purview that enables you to securely share data across organizations.
Data source admin	A role that can manage data sources and scans. A user in the Data source admin role doesn't have access to Microsoft Purview governance portal. Combining this role with the Data reader or Data curator roles at any collection scope provides Microsoft Purview governance portal access.
Data steward	An individual or group responsible for maintaining nomenclature, data quality standards, security controls, compliance requirements, and rules for the associated object.
Discovered asset	An asset that the Microsoft Purview Data Map identifies in a data source during the scanning process. The number of discovered assets includes all files or tables before resource set grouping.
Distinct match threshold	The total number of distinct data values that need to be found in a column before the scanner runs the data pattern on it. For example, a distinct match threshold of eight for employee ID requires that there are at least eight unique data values among the sampled values in the column that match the data pattern set for employee ID.

E

Term	Description
Expert	An individual within an organization who understands the full context of a data asset or glossary term.

F

Term	Description
Full scan	A scan that processes all assets within a selected scope of a data source.
Fully Qualified Name (FQN)	A path that defines the location of an asset within its data source.

G

Term	Description
Glossary term	An entry in the Business glossary that defines a concept specific to an organization. Glossary terms can contain information on synonyms, acronyms, and related terms.

I

Term	Description
Incremental scan	A scan that detects and processes assets that have been created, modified, or deleted since the previous successful scan. To run an incremental scan, at least one full scan must be completed on the source.
Ingested asset	An asset that has been scanned, classified (when applicable), and added to the Microsoft Purview Data Map. Ingested assets are discoverable and consumable within the data catalog through automated scanning or external connections, such as Azure Data Factory and Azure Synapse.
Insight reader	A role that provides read-only access to Data Estate Insights reports. Insight readers must have at least data reader role access to a collection to view reports about that specific collection.
Integration runtime	The compute infrastructure used to scan in a data source.
Item	Any single object that's stored within the Microsoft Purview Data Map.

L

Term	Description
Lineage	How data transforms and flows as it moves from its origin to its destination. Understanding this flow across the data estate helps organizations see the history of their data, and aid in troubleshooting or impact analysis.

M

Term	Description
Management	An area within the Microsoft Purview Governance Portal where you can manage connections, users, roles, and credentials. Also referred to as "Management center."
Microsoft Fabric	Microsoft’s unified analytics solution that delivers an integrated and simplified experience for all analytics workloads and users on an enterprise grade data foundation with pervasive data governance.
Microsoft Purview instance	A single Microsoft Purview (formerly Azure Purview) account.
Minimum match threshold	The minimum percentage of matches among the distinct data values in a column that must be found by the scanner for a classification to be applied. For example, a minimum match threshold of 60% for employee ID requires that 60% of all distinct values among the sampled data in a column match the data pattern set for employee ID. If the scanner samples 128 values in a column and finds 60 distinct values in that column, then at least 36 of the distinct values (60%) must match the employee ID data pattern for the classification to be applied.

O

Term	Description
Object type	A categorization of assets based upon common data structures. For example, an Azure SQL Server table and Oracle database table both have an object type of table.
On-premises data	Data that is in a data center controlled by a customer, for example, not in the cloud or software as a service (SaaS).
Owner	An individual or group in charge of managing a data asset.

P

Term	Description
Pattern rule	A configuration that overrides how the Microsoft Purview Data Map groups assets as resource sets and displays them within the catalog.
Physical asset	An asset that represents a physical data object. Physical assets are different from business assets because they represent real data. For example, a database is a physical asset.
Policy	A statement or collection of statements that controls how access to data and data sources should be authorized.

R

Term	Description
Registered source	A source that has been added to a Microsoft Purview instance and is now managed as a part of the Data catalog.
Related terms	Glossary terms that are linked to other terms within the organization.
Resource set	A single asset that represents many partitioned files or objects in storage. For example, the Microsoft Purview Data Map stores partitioned Apache Spark output as a single resource set instead of unique assets for each individual file.
Role	Permissions assigned to a user within a Microsoft Purview instance. Roles, such as Microsoft Purview Data Curator or Microsoft Purview Data Reader, determine what can be done within the product.
Root collection	A system-generated collection that has the same friendly name as the Microsoft Purview account. All assets belong to the root collection by default.

S

Term	Description
Scan	A Microsoft Purview Data Map process that discovers and examines metadata in a source or set of sources to populate the data map. A scan automatically connects to a source, extracts metadata, captures lineage, and applies classifications. Scans can be run manually or on a schedule.
Scan rule set	A set of rules that define which data types and classifications a scan ingests into a catalog.
Scan trigger	A schedule that determines the recurrence of when a scan runs.
Schema classification	A classification applied to one of the columns in an asset schema.
Search	A feature that allows users to find items in the data catalog by entering in a set of keywords.
Search relevance	The scoring of data assets that determine the order search results are returned. Multiple factors determine an asset's relevance score.
Self-hosted integration runtime	An integration runtime installed on an on-premises machine or virtual machine inside a private network that is used to connect to data on-premises or in a private network.
Sensitive info type (SIT)	A pattern-based classifier that helps detect sensitive information, such as credit card numbers, in items.
Sensitivity label	A label managed in the Microsoft Purview portal that defines how confidential an item is. Sensitivity labels can be configured to apply associated protection settings, helping users to remain compliant with organizational information protection policies.
Sensitivity label report	A summary that describes which sensitivity labels are applied across the data estate.
Service	A product that provides standalone functionality and is available to customers by subscription or license.
Share	A group of assets that are shared as a single entity.
Source	A system where data is stored. Sources can be hosted in various places such as a cloud or on-premises. You register and scan sources so that you can manage them in the Microsoft Purview governance portal.
Source type	A categorization of the registered sources used in Microsoft Purview; for example, Microsoft 365, Azure SQL Database, Azure Blob Storage, Amazon S3, Google Cloud, or SAP ECC.
Steward	An individual who defines the standards for a glossary term. They're responsible for maintaining quality standards, nomenclature, and rules for the assigned entity.

T

Term	Description
Term template	A definition of attributes included in a glossary term. Users can either use the system-defined term template or create their own to include custom attributes.
Trainable classifier	A type of classifier that helps identify and categorize content that isn't easily identified by manual or automated pattern-matching methods. Unlike a sensitive info type, this method of categorization identifies an item based on what the item is (for example, a resume), not solely by elements included in the item (pattern matching). Trainable classifiers can be included in several Microsoft Purview solutions to detect, protect, and govern sensitive data.

W

Term	Description
Workflow	An automated process that coordinates the creation and modification of catalog entities, including validation and approval. Workflows define repeatable business processes to achieve high quality data, policy compliance, and user collaboration across an organization.