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Create an app to access Microsoft Defender XDR without a user

  • Raksts

Applies to:

  • Microsoft Defender XDR

Important

Some information relates to prereleased product which may be substantially modified before it's commercially released. Microsoft makes no warranties, express or implied, with respect to the information provided here.

This page describes how to create an application to get programmatic access to Microsoft Defender XDR without a defined user—for example, if you're creating a daemon or background service.

If you need programmatic access to Microsoft Defender XDR on behalf of one or more users, see Create an app to access Microsoft Defender XDR APIs on behalf of a user and Create an app with partner access to Microsoft Defender XDR APIs. If you're not sure which kind of access you need, see Get started.

Microsoft Defender XDR exposes much of its data and actions through a set of programmatic APIs. Those APIs help you automate workflows and make use of Microsoft Defender XDR's capabilities. This API access requires OAuth2.0 authentication. For more information, see OAuth 2.0 Authorization Code Flow.

In general, you'll need to take the following steps to use these APIs:

  • Create a Microsoft Entra application.
  • Get an access token using this application.
  • Use the token to access Microsoft Defender XDR API.

This article explains how to:

  • Create a Microsoft Entra application
  • Get an access token to Microsoft Defender XDR
  • Validate the token.

Create an app

  1. Sign in to Azure.

  2. Navigate to Microsoft Entra ID > App registrations > New registration.

    The New registration tab in the Microsoft Defender portal

  3. In the form, choose a name for your application, then select Register.

  4. On your application page, select API Permissions > Add permission > APIs my organization uses >, type Microsoft Threat Protection, and select Microsoft Threat Protection. Your app can now access Microsoft Defender XDR.

    Tip

    Microsoft Threat Protection is a former name for Microsoft Defender XDR, and will not appear in the original list. You need to start writing its name in the text box to see it appear.

    The organization's APIs usage tab in the Microsoft Defender portal

  5. Select Application permissions. Choose the relevant permissions for your scenario (for example, Incident.Read.All), and then select Add permissions.

    The application permission pane in the Microsoft Defender portal

    Note

    You need to select the relevant permissions for your scenario. Read all incidents is just an example. To determine which permission you need, please look at the Permissions section in the API you want to call.

    For instance, to run advanced queries, select the 'Run advanced queries' permission; to isolate a device, select the 'Isolate machine' permission.

  6. Select Grant admin consent. Every time you add a permission, you must select Grant admin consent for it to take effect.

    The consent grant-related pane in the Microsoft Defender portal

  7. To add a secret to the application, select Certificates & secrets, add a description to the secret, then select Add.

    Tip

    After you select Add, select copy the generated secret value. You won't be able to retrieve the secret value after you leave.

    The create app pane in the Microsoft Defender portal

  8. Record your application ID and your tenant ID somewhere safe. They're listed under Overview on your application page.

    The Overview pane in the Microsoft Defender portal

  9. For Microsoft Defender XDR Partners only: Follow these instructions for partner access through the Microsoft Defender XDR APIs, set your app to be multi-tenant, so it can be available in all tenants once you receive admin consent. Partner access is required for third-party apps—for example, if you create an app that is intended to run in multiple customers' tenants. It is not required if you create a service that you want to run in your tenant only, such as an application for your own usage that will only interact with your own data. To set your app to be multi-tenant:

    • Go to Authentication, and add https://portal.azure.com as the Redirect URI.

    • On the bottom of the page, under Supported account types, select the Accounts in any organizational directory application consent for your multi-tenant app.

    Since your application interacts with Microsoft Defender XDR on behalf of your users, it needs be approved for every tenant on which you intend to use it.

    The Active Directory administrator for each tenant needs to select the consent link and approve your app.

    The consent link has the following structure:

    https://login.microsoftonline.com/common/oauth2/authorize?prompt=consent&client_id=<00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000>&response_type=code&sso_reload=true

    The digits 00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000 should be replaced with your Application ID.

Done! You've successfully registered an application! See examples below for token acquisition and validation.

Get an access token

For more information on Microsoft Entra tokens, see the Microsoft Entra tutorial.

Important

Although the examples in this section encourage you to paste in secret values for testing purposes, you should never hardcode secrets into an application running in production. A third party could use your secret to access resources. You can help keep your app's secrets secure by using Azure Key Vault. For a practical example of how you can protect your app, see Manage secrets in your server apps with Azure Key Vault.

Get an access token using PowerShell

# This code gets the application context token and saves it to a file named "Latest-token.txt" under the current directory.

$tenantId = '' # Paste your directory (tenant) ID here
$clientId = '' # Paste your application (client) ID here
$appSecret = '' # Paste your own app secret here to test, then store it in a safe place, such as the Azure Key Vault!

$resourceAppIdUri = 'https://api.security.microsoft.com'
$oAuthUri = "https://login.windows.net/$tenantId/oauth2/token"

$authBody = [Ordered] @{
    resource = $resourceAppIdUri
    client_id = $clientId
    client_secret = $appSecret
    grant_type = 'client_credentials'
}

$authResponse = Invoke-RestMethod -Method Post -Uri $oAuthUri -Body $authBody -ErrorAction Stop
$token = $authResponse.access_token

Out-File -FilePath "./Latest-token.txt" -InputObject $token

return $token

Get an access token using C#

Note

The following code was tested with Nuget Microsoft.Identity.Client 3.19.8.

Important

The Microsoft.IdentityModel.Clients.ActiveDirectory NuGet package and Azure AD Authentication Library (ADAL) have been deprecated. No new features have been added since June 30, 2020. We strongly encourage you to upgrade, see the migration guide for more details.

  1. Create a new console application.

  2. Install NuGet Microsoft.Identity.Client.

  3. Add the following line:

    using Microsoft.Identity.Client;

  4. Copy and paste the following code into your app (don't forget to update the three variables: tenantId, clientId, appSecret):

    csharp
string tenantId = "00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000"; // Paste your own tenant ID here
string appId = "11111111-1111-1111-1111-111111111111"; // Paste your own app ID here
string appSecret = "22222222-2222-2222-2222-222222222222"; // Paste your own app secret here for a test, and then store it in a safe place! 
const string authority = https://login.microsoftonline.com;
const string audience = https://api.securitycenter.microsoft.com;

IConfidentialClientApplication myApp = ConfidentialClientApplicationBuilder.Create(appId).WithClientSecret(appSecret).WithAuthority($"{authority}/{tenantId}").Build();

List<string> scopes = new List<string>() { $"{audience}/.default" };

AuthenticationResult authResult = myApp.AcquireTokenForClient(scopes).ExecuteAsync().GetAwaiter().GetResult();

string token = authResult.AccessToken;

Get an access token using Python

import json
import urllib.request
import urllib.parse

tenantId = '' # Paste your directory (tenant) ID here
clientId = '' # Paste your application (client) ID here
appSecret = '' # Paste your own app secret here to test, then store it in a safe place, such as the Azure Key Vault!

url = "https://login.windows.net/%s/oauth2/token" % (tenantId)

resourceAppIdUri = 'https://api.security.microsoft.com'

body = {
    'resource' : resourceAppIdUri,
    'client_id' : clientId,
    'client_secret' : appSecret,
    'grant_type' : 'client_credentials'
}

data = urllib.parse.urlencode(body).encode("utf-8")

req = urllib.request.Request(url, data)
response = urllib.request.urlopen(req)
jsonResponse = json.loads(response.read())
aadToken = jsonResponse["access_token"]

Get an access token using curl

Note

Curl is pre-installed on Windows 10, versions 1803 and later. For other versions of Windows, download and install the tool directly from the official curl website.

  1. Open a command prompt, and set CLIENT_ID to your Azure application ID.

  2. Set CLIENT_SECRET to your Azure application secret.

  3. Set TENANT_ID to the Azure tenant ID of the customer that wants to use your app to access Microsoft Defender XDR.

  4. Run the following command:

    curl -i -X POST -H "Content-Type:application/x-www-form-urlencoded" -d "grant_type=client_credentials" -d "client_id=%CLIENT_ID%" -d "scope=https://api.security.microsoft.com/.default" -d "client_secret=%CLIENT_SECRET%" "https://login.microsoftonline.com/%TENANT_ID%/oauth2/v2.0/token" -k

    A successful response will look like this:

    {"token_type":"Bearer","expires_in":3599,"ext_expires_in":0,"access_token":"eyJ0eXAiOiJKV1QiLCJhbGciOiJSUzI1NiIsIn <truncated> aWReH7P0s0tjTBX8wGWqJUdDA"}

Validate the token

  1. Copy and paste the token into the JSON web token validator website, JWT, to decode it.

  2. Make sure that the roles claim within the decoded token contains the desired permissions.

    In the following image, you can see a decoded token acquired from an app, with Incidents.Read.All, Incidents.ReadWrite.All, and AdvancedHunting.Read.All permissions:

    The Decoded token pane in the Microsoft Defender portal

Use the token to access the Microsoft Defender XDR API

  1. Choose the API you want to use (incidents, or advanced hunting). For more information, see Supported Microsoft Defender XDR APIs.

  2. In the http request you are about to send, set the authorization header to "Bearer" <token>, Bearer being the authorization scheme, and token being your validated token.

  3. The token will expire within one hour. You can send more than one request during this time with the same token.

The following example shows how to send a request to get a list of incidents using C#.

    var httpClient = new HttpClient();
    var request = new HttpRequestMessage(HttpMethod.Get, "https://api.security.microsoft.com/api/incidents");

    request.Headers.Authorization = new AuthenticationHeaderValue("Bearer", token);

    var response = httpClient.SendAsync(request).GetAwaiter().GetResult();

Tip

Do you want to learn more? Engage with the Microsoft Security community in our Tech Community: Microsoft Defender XDR Tech Community.