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How to analyze activity logs with Microsoft Graph

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The Microsoft Entra reporting APIs provide you with programmatic access to the data through a set of REST APIs. You can call these APIs from many programming languages and tools.

This article describes how to analyze Microsoft Entra activity logs with Microsoft Graph Explorer and Microsoft Graph PowerShell.

Prerequisites

  • A working Microsoft Entra tenant with a Microsoft Entra ID P1 or P2 license associated with it.
  • To consent to the required permissions, you need the Privileged Role Administrator.

Access reports using Microsoft Graph Explorer

With all the prerequisites configured, you can run activity log queries in Microsoft Graph. The Microsoft Graph API isn't designed for pulling large amounts of activity data. Pulling large amounts of activity data using the API might lead to issues with pagination and performance. For more information on Microsoft Graph queries for activity logs, see Activity reports API overview.

  1. Start Microsoft Graph Explorer tool.

  2. Select your profile and then select Modify permissions.

  3. Consent to the following required permissions:

    • AuditLog.Read.All
    • Directory.Read.All

  4. Use one of the following queries to start using Microsoft Graph for accessing activity logs:

    • GET https://graph.microsoft.com/v1.0/auditLogs/directoryAudits
    • GET https://graph.microsoft.com/v1.0/auditLogs/signIns
    • GET https://graph.microsoft.com/v1.0/auditLogs/provisioning

    Screenshot of an activity log GET query in Microsoft Graph.

Fine-tune your queries

To search for specific activity log entries, use the $filter and createdDateTime query parameters with one of the available properties. Some of the following queries use the beta endpoint. The beta endpoint is subject to change and isn't recommended for production use.

Try using the following queries:

  • For sign-in attempts where Conditional Access failed:

    • GET https://graph.microsoft.com/v1.0/auditLogs/signIns?&$filter=conditionalAccessStatus eq 'failure'

  • To find sign-ins to a specific application:

    • GET https://graph.microsoft.com/v1.0/auditLogs/signIns?&$filter=(createdDateTime ge 2024-01-13T14:13:32Z and createdDateTime le 2024-01-14T17:43:26Z) and appId eq 'APP ID'

  • For non-interactive sign-ins:

    • GET https://graph.microsoft.com/beta/auditLogs/signIns?&$filter=(createdDateTime ge 2024-01-13T14:13:32Z and createdDateTime le 2024-01-14T17:43:26Z) and signInEventTypes/any(t: t eq 'nonInteractiveUser')

  • For service principal sign-ins:

    • GET https://graph.microsoft.com/beta/auditLogs/signIns?&$filter=(createdDateTime ge 2024-01-13T14:13:32Z and createdDateTime le 2024-01-14T17:43:26Z) and signInEventTypes/any(t: t eq 'servicePrincipal')

  • For managed identity sign-ins:

    • GET https://graph.microsoft.com/beta/auditLogs/signIns?&$filter=(createdDateTime ge 2024-01-13T14:13:32Z and createdDateTime le 2024-01-14T17:43:26Z) and signInEventTypes/any(t: t eq 'managedIdentity')

  • To get the authentication method of a user:

    • GET https://graph.microsoft.com/beta/users/{userObjectId}/authentication/methods
    • Requires UserAuthenticationMethod.Read.All permission

  • To see the user registration details report:

    • GET https://graph.microsoft.com/beta/reports/authenticationMethods/userRegistrationDetails
    • Requires UserAuthenticationMethod.Read.All permission

  • For the registration details of specific user:

    • GET https://graph.microsoft.com/beta/reports/authenticationMethods/userRegistrationDetails/{userId}
    • Requires UserAuthenticationMethod.Read.All permission

Once you're familiar with the standard sign-in and audit logs, try exploring these other APIs:

Access reports using Microsoft Graph PowerShell

You can use PowerShell to access the Microsoft Entra reporting API. For more information, see Microsoft Graph PowerShell overview.

Microsoft Graph PowerShell cmdlets:

Common errors

Error: Neither tenant is B2C or tenant doesn't have premium license: Accessing sign-in reports requires a Microsoft Entra ID P1 or P2 license. If you see this error message while accessing sign-ins, make sure that your tenant is licensed with a Microsoft Entra ID P1 license.

Error: User isn't in the allowed roles: If you see this error message while trying to access audit logs or sign-ins using the API, make sure that your account is part of the Security Reader or Reports Reader role in your Microsoft Entra tenant.

Error: Application missing Microsoft Entra ID 'Read directory data' or 'Read all audit log data' permission: The application must have either the AuditLog.Read.All or Directory.Read.All permission to access the activity logs with Microsoft Graph.

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