MessageQueue.BeginReceive Method

Reference

Definition

Namespace:: System.Messaging

Assembly:: System.Messaging.dll

Important

Some information relates to prerelease product that may be substantially modified before it’s released. Microsoft makes no warranties, express or implied, with respect to the information provided here.

Initiates an asynchronous receive operation by telling Message Queuing to begin receiving a message and notify the event handler when finished.

Overloads

BeginReceive()	Initiates an asynchronous receive operation that has no time-out. The operation is not complete until a message becomes available in the queue.
BeginReceive(TimeSpan)	Initiates an asynchronous receive operation that has a specified time-out. The operation is not complete until either a message becomes available in the queue or the time-out occurs.
BeginReceive(TimeSpan, Object)	Initiates an asynchronous receive operation that has a specified time-out and a specified state object, which provides associated information throughout the operation's lifetime. The operation is not complete until either a message becomes available in the queue or the time-out occurs.
BeginReceive(TimeSpan, Object, AsyncCallback)	Initiates an asynchronous receive operation that has a specified time-out and a specified state object, which provides associated information throughout the operation's lifetime. This overload receives notification, through a callback, of the identity of the event handler for the operation. The operation is not complete until either a message becomes available in the queue or the time-out occurs.
BeginReceive(TimeSpan, Cursor, Object, AsyncCallback)	Initiates an asynchronous receive operation that has a specified time-out and uses a specified cursor and a specified state object. The state object provides associated information throughout the lifetime of the operation. This overload receives notification, through a callback, of the identity of the event handler for the operation. The operation is not complete until either a message becomes available in the queue or the time-out occurs.

BeginReceive()

Initiates an asynchronous receive operation that has no time-out. The operation is not complete until a message becomes available in the queue.

public:
 IAsyncResult ^ BeginReceive();

public IAsyncResult BeginReceive ();

member this.BeginReceive : unit -> IAsyncResult

Public Function BeginReceive () As IAsyncResult

Returns

IAsyncResult

The IAsyncResult that identifies the posted asynchronous request.

Exceptions

MessageQueueException

An error occurred when accessing a Message Queuing method.

Examples

The following code example chains asynchronous requests. It assumes there is a queue on the local computer called "myQueue". The Main function begins the asynchronous operation that is handled by the MyReceiveCompleted routine. MyReceiveCompleted processes the current message and begins a new asynchronous receive operation.

#using <system.dll>
#using <system.messaging.dll>

using namespace System;
using namespace System::Messaging;
using namespace System::Threading;

ref class MyNewQueue
{
public:

   // Define static class members.
   static ManualResetEvent^ signal = gcnew ManualResetEvent( false );
   static int count = 0;

   // Provides an event handler for the ReceiveCompleted
   // event.
   static void MyReceiveCompleted( Object^ source, ReceiveCompletedEventArgs^ asyncResult )
   {
      try
      {
         // Connect to the queue.
         MessageQueue^ mq = dynamic_cast<MessageQueue^>(source);

         // End the asynchronous receive operation.
         mq->EndReceive( asyncResult->AsyncResult );
         count += 1;
         if ( count == 10 )
         {
            signal->Set();
         }

         // Restart the asynchronous receive operation.
         mq->BeginReceive();
      }
      catch ( MessageQueueException^ ) 
      {
         // Handle sources of MessageQueueException.
      }

      // Handle other exceptions.
      return;
   }
};

// Provides an entry point into the application.
//         
// This example performs asynchronous receive
// operation processing.
int main()
{
   // Create an instance of MessageQueue. Set its formatter.
   MessageQueue^ myQueue = gcnew MessageQueue( ".\\myQueue" );
   array<Type^>^p = gcnew array<Type^>(1);
   p[ 0 ] = String::typeid;
   myQueue->Formatter = gcnew XmlMessageFormatter( p );

   // Add an event handler for the ReceiveCompleted event.
   myQueue->ReceiveCompleted += gcnew ReceiveCompletedEventHandler( MyNewQueue::MyReceiveCompleted );

   // Begin the asynchronous receive operation.
   myQueue->BeginReceive();
   MyNewQueue::signal->WaitOne();

   // Do other work on the current thread.
   return 0;
}

using System;
using System.Messaging;
using System.Threading;

namespace MyProject
{
    /// <summary>
    /// Provides a container class for the example.
    /// </summary>
    public class MyNewQueue
    {
        // Define static class members.
        static ManualResetEvent signal = new ManualResetEvent(false);
        static int count = 0;

        //**************************************************
        // Provides an entry point into the application.
        //		
        // This example performs asynchronous receive
        // operation processing.
        //**************************************************

        public static void Main()
        {
            // Create an instance of MessageQueue. Set its formatter.
            MessageQueue myQueue = new MessageQueue(".\\myQueue");
            myQueue.Formatter = new XmlMessageFormatter(new Type[]
                {typeof(String)});

            // Add an event handler for the ReceiveCompleted event.
            myQueue.ReceiveCompleted +=
                new ReceiveCompletedEventHandler(MyReceiveCompleted);
            
            // Begin the asynchronous receive operation.
            myQueue.BeginReceive();

            signal.WaitOne();
            
            // Do other work on the current thread.

            return;
        }

        //***************************************************
        // Provides an event handler for the ReceiveCompleted
        // event.
        //***************************************************
        
        private static void MyReceiveCompleted(Object source,
            ReceiveCompletedEventArgs asyncResult)
        {
            try
            {
                // Connect to the queue.
                MessageQueue mq = (MessageQueue)source;

                // End the asynchronous receive operation.
                Message m = mq.EndReceive(asyncResult.AsyncResult);
                
                count += 1;
                if (count == 10)
                {
                    signal.Set();
                }

                // Restart the asynchronous receive operation.
                mq.BeginReceive();
            }
            catch(MessageQueueException)
            {
                // Handle sources of MessageQueueException.
            }
            
            // Handle other exceptions.
            
            return;
        }
    }
}

Imports System.Messaging
Imports System.Threading




' Provides a container class for the example.

Public Class MyNewQueue

        ' Define static class members.
        Private Shared signal As New ManualResetEvent(False)
        Private Shared count As Integer = 0



        ' Provides an entry point into the application.
        '		 
        ' This example performs asynchronous receive
        ' operation processing.


        Public Shared Sub Main()
            ' Create an instance of MessageQueue. Set its formatter.
            Dim myQueue As New MessageQueue(".\myQueue")
            myQueue.Formatter = New XmlMessageFormatter(New Type() _
                {GetType([String])})

            ' Add an event handler for the ReceiveCompleted event.
            AddHandler myQueue.ReceiveCompleted, AddressOf _
                MyReceiveCompleted

            ' Begin the asynchronous receive operation.
            myQueue.BeginReceive()

            signal.WaitOne()

            ' Do other work on the current thread.

            Return

        End Sub



        ' Provides an event handler for the ReceiveCompleted
        ' event.


        Private Shared Sub MyReceiveCompleted(ByVal [source] As _
            [Object], ByVal asyncResult As ReceiveCompletedEventArgs)

            Try
                ' Connect to the queue.
                Dim mq As MessageQueue = CType([source], MessageQueue)

                ' End the asynchronous receive operation.
                Dim m As Message = _
                    mq.EndReceive(asyncResult.AsyncResult)

                count += 1
                If count = 10 Then
                    signal.Set()
                End If

                ' Restart the asynchronous receive operation.
                mq.BeginReceive()

            Catch
                ' Handle sources of MessageQueueException.

                ' Handle other exceptions.

            End Try

            Return

        End Sub

End Class

The following code example queues asynchronous requests. The call to BeginReceive uses the AsyncWaitHandle in its return value. The Main routine waits for all asynchronous operations to be completed before exiting.

#using <system.dll>
#using <system.messaging.dll>

using namespace System;
using namespace System::Messaging;
using namespace System::Threading;

ref class MyNewQueue
{
public:

   // Provides an event handler for the ReceiveCompleted
   // event.
   static void MyReceiveCompleted( Object^ source, ReceiveCompletedEventArgs^ asyncResult )
   {
      try
      {
         // Connect to the queue.
         MessageQueue^ mq = dynamic_cast<MessageQueue^>(source);

         // End the asynchronous receive operation.
         mq->EndReceive( asyncResult->AsyncResult );

         // Process the message here.
         Console::WriteLine( "Message received." );
      }
      catch ( MessageQueueException^ ) 
      {
         // Handle sources of MessageQueueException.
      }
      // Handle other exceptions.
      return;
   }
};

// Provides an entry point into the application.
//         
// This example performs asynchronous receive
// operation processing.
int main()
{
   // Create an instance of MessageQueue. Set its formatter.
   MessageQueue^ myQueue = gcnew MessageQueue( ".\\myQueue" );
   array<Type^>^p = gcnew array<Type^>(1);
   p[ 0 ] = String::typeid;
   myQueue->Formatter = gcnew XmlMessageFormatter( p );

   // Add an event handler for the ReceiveCompleted event.
   myQueue->ReceiveCompleted += gcnew ReceiveCompletedEventHandler( MyNewQueue::MyReceiveCompleted );

   // Define wait handles for multiple operations.
   array<WaitHandle^>^waitHandleArray = gcnew array<WaitHandle^>(10);
   for ( int i = 0; i < 10; i++ )
   {
      // Begin asynchronous operations.
      waitHandleArray[ i ] = myQueue->BeginReceive()->AsyncWaitHandle;
   }

   // Specify to wait for all operations to return.
   WaitHandle::WaitAll( waitHandleArray );
   return 0;
}

using System;
using System.Messaging;
using System.Threading;

namespace MyProject
{
    /// <summary>
    /// Provides a container class for the example.
    /// </summary>
    public class MyNewQueue
    {

        //**************************************************
        // Provides an entry point into the application.
        //		
        // This example performs asynchronous receive
        // operation processing.
        //**************************************************

        public static void Main()
        {
            // Create an instance of MessageQueue. Set its formatter.
            MessageQueue myQueue = new MessageQueue(".\\myQueue");
            myQueue.Formatter = new XmlMessageFormatter(new Type[]
                {typeof(String)});

            // Add an event handler for the ReceiveCompleted event.
            myQueue.ReceiveCompleted +=
                new ReceiveCompletedEventHandler(MyReceiveCompleted);
            
            // Define wait handles for multiple operations.
            WaitHandle[] waitHandleArray = new WaitHandle[10];
            for(int i=0; i<10; i++)
            {
                // Begin asynchronous operations.
                waitHandleArray[i] =
                    myQueue.BeginReceive().AsyncWaitHandle;
            }

            // Specify to wait for all operations to return.
            WaitHandle.WaitAll(waitHandleArray);

            return;
        }

        //***************************************************
        // Provides an event handler for the ReceiveCompleted
        // event.
        //***************************************************
        
        private static void MyReceiveCompleted(Object source,
            ReceiveCompletedEventArgs asyncResult)
        {
            try
            {
                // Connect to the queue.
                MessageQueue mq = (MessageQueue)source;

                // End the asynchronous receive operation.
                Message m = mq.EndReceive(asyncResult.AsyncResult);
        
                // Process the message here.
                Console.WriteLine("Message received.");
            }
            catch(MessageQueueException)
            {
                // Handle sources of MessageQueueException.
            }
            
            // Handle other exceptions.
            
            return;
        }
    }
}

Imports System.Messaging
Imports System.Threading


' Provides a container class for the example.

Public Class MyNewQueue


        ' Provides an entry point into the application.
        '		 
        ' This example performs asynchronous receive
        ' operation processing.


        Public Shared Sub Main()

            ' Create an instance of MessageQueue. Set its formatter.
            Dim myQueue As New MessageQueue(".\myQueue")
            myQueue.Formatter = New XmlMessageFormatter(New Type() _
                {GetType([String])})

            ' Add an event handler for the ReceiveCompleted event.
            AddHandler myQueue.ReceiveCompleted, AddressOf _
                MyReceiveCompleted

            ' Define wait handles for multiple operations.
            Dim waitHandleArray(10) As WaitHandle

            Dim i As Integer
            For i = 0 To 9
                ' Begin asynchronous operations.
                waitHandleArray(i) = _
                    myQueue.BeginReceive().AsyncWaitHandle
            Next i

            ' Specify to wait for all operations to return.
            WaitHandle.WaitAll(waitHandleArray)

            Return

        End Sub



        ' Provides an event handler for the ReceiveCompleted
        ' event.


        Private Shared Sub MyReceiveCompleted(ByVal [source] As _
            [Object], ByVal asyncResult As ReceiveCompletedEventArgs)

            Try
                ' Connect to the queue.
                Dim mq As MessageQueue = CType([source], MessageQueue)

                ' End the asynchronous receive operation.
                Dim m As Message = _
                    mq.EndReceive(asyncResult.AsyncResult)

                ' Process the message here.
                Console.WriteLine("Message received.")

            Catch

                ' Handle sources of MessageQueueException.

                ' Handle other exceptions.

            End Try

            Return

        End Sub

End Class

Remarks

In asynchronous processing, you use BeginReceive to raise the ReceiveCompleted event when a message has been removed from the queue.

ReceiveCompleted is also raised if a message already exists in the queue.

To use BeginReceive, create an event handler that processes the results of the asynchronous operation and associate it with your event delegate. BeginReceive initiates an asynchronous receive operation; the MessageQueue is notified, through the raising of the ReceiveCompleted event, when a message arrives in the queue. The MessageQueue can then access the message by calling EndReceive(IAsyncResult).

The BeginReceive method returns immediately, but the asynchronous operation is not completed until the event handler is called.

Because BeginReceive is asynchronous, you can call it to receive a message from the queue without blocking the current thread of execution. To synchronously receive a message, use the Receive method.

Once an asynchronous operation completes, you can call BeginPeek or BeginReceive again in the event handler to keep receiving notifications.

The IAsyncResult that BeginReceive returns identifies the asynchronous operation that the method started. You can use this IAsyncResult throughout the lifetime of the operation, although you generally do not use it until EndReceive(IAsyncResult) is called. However, if you start several asynchronous operations, you can place their IAsyncResult values in an array and specify whether to wait for all operations or any operation to complete. In this case, you use the AsyncWaitHandle property of the IAsyncResult to identify the completed operation.

If CanRead is false, the completion event is raised, but an exception will be thrown when calling EndReceive(IAsyncResult).

Do not use the asynchronous call BeginReceive with transactions. If you want to perform a transactional asynchronous operation, call BeginPeek, and put the transaction and the (synchronous) Receive method within the event handler you create for the peek operation. Your event handler might contain functionality as shown in the following C# code.

myMessageQueue.BeginTransaction();
 myMessageQueue.Receive();
 myMessageQueue.CommitTransaction();

The following table shows whether this method is available in various Workgroup modes.

Workgroup mode	Available
Local computer	Yes
Local computer and direct format name	Yes
Remote computer	No
Remote computer and direct format name	Yes

Applies to

BeginReceive(TimeSpan)

Initiates an asynchronous receive operation that has a specified time-out. The operation is not complete until either a message becomes available in the queue or the time-out occurs.

public:
 IAsyncResult ^ BeginReceive(TimeSpan timeout);

public IAsyncResult BeginReceive (TimeSpan timeout);

member this.BeginReceive : TimeSpan -> IAsyncResult

Public Function BeginReceive (timeout As TimeSpan) As IAsyncResult

Parameters

timeout: TimeSpan

A TimeSpan that indicates the interval of time to wait for a message to become available.

Returns

IAsyncResult

The IAsyncResult that identifies the posted asynchronous request.

Exceptions

ArgumentException

The value specified for the timeout parameter is not valid, possibly because it represents a negative number.

MessageQueueException

An error occurred when accessing a Message Queuing method.

Examples

The following code example creates an asynchronous receive operation. The code example creates an event handler, MyReceiveCompleted, and attaches it to the ReceiveCompleted event handler delegate. The code example sends a message to a local message queue, then calls BeginReceive(TimeSpan), passing in a time-out value of ten seconds. When a ReceiveCompleted event is raised, the event handler receives the message and writes the message body to the screen.

#using <System.Messaging.dll>
#using <System.dll>

using namespace System;
using namespace System::Messaging;

// Creates a new queue.
void CreateQueue(String^ queuePath, bool transactional)
{
    if(!MessageQueue::Exists(queuePath))
    {
        MessageQueue^ queue = MessageQueue::Create(queuePath, transactional);
        queue->Close();       
    }
    else
    {
        Console::WriteLine("{0} already exists.", queuePath);
    }
}

// Provides an event handler for the ReceiveCompleted event.
void HandleReceiveCompleted(Object^ source, ReceiveCompletedEventArgs^ e)
{
    // Connect to the queue.
    MessageQueue^ queue = (MessageQueue^)source;

    // End the asynchronous receive operation.
    Message^ msg = queue->EndReceive(e->AsyncResult);

    // Display the message information on the screen.
    Console::WriteLine("Message body: {0}", msg->Body);
    
    queue->Close();
}

int main()
{
    // Create a non-transactional queue on the local computer.
    // Note that the queue might not be immediately accessible, and
    // therefore this example might throw an exception of type
    // System.Messaging.MessageQueueException when trying to send a
    // message to the newly created queue.
    MessageQueue^ queue = nullptr;
    try
    {
        CreateQueue(".\\exampleQueue", false);

        // Connect to a queue on the local computer.
        queue = gcnew MessageQueue(".\\exampleQueue");

        // Add an event handler for the ReceiveCompleted event.
        queue->ReceiveCompleted += gcnew
            ReceiveCompletedEventHandler(HandleReceiveCompleted);

        // Send a message to the queue.
        queue->Send("Example Message");

        // Begin the asynchronous receive operation.
        queue->BeginReceive(TimeSpan::FromSeconds(10.0));

        // Simulate doing other work on the current thread.
        System::Threading::Thread::Sleep(TimeSpan::FromSeconds(10.0));
    }

    catch (InvalidOperationException^)
    {
        Console::WriteLine("Please install Message Queuing.");
    }

    catch (MessageQueueException^ ex)
    {
        Console::WriteLine(ex->Message);
    }

    finally
    {   
        queue->Close();
    }

}


using System;
using System.Messaging;

public class QueueExample
{
    public static void Main()
    {
        // Create a non-transactional queue on the local computer.
        // Note that the queue might not be immediately accessible, and
        // therefore this example might throw an exception of type
        // System.Messaging.MessageQueueException when trying to send a
        // message to the newly created queue.
        CreateQueue(".\\exampleQueue", false);

        // Connect to a queue on the local computer.
        MessageQueue queue = new MessageQueue(".\\exampleQueue");

        // Add an event handler for the ReceiveCompleted event.
        queue.ReceiveCompleted += new
                ReceiveCompletedEventHandler(MyReceiveCompleted);

        // Send a message to the queue.
        queue.Send("Example Message");

        // Begin the asynchronous receive operation.
        queue.BeginReceive(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(10.0));

        // Simulate doing other work on the current thread.
        System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(10.0));

        return;
    }

    // Creates a new queue.
    public static void CreateQueue(string queuePath, bool transactional)
    {
        if(!MessageQueue.Exists(queuePath))
        {
            MessageQueue.Create(queuePath, transactional);
        }
        else
        {
            Console.WriteLine(queuePath + " already exists.");
        }
    }

    // Provides an event handler for the ReceiveCompleted event.
    private static void MyReceiveCompleted(Object source,
        ReceiveCompletedEventArgs asyncResult)
    {
        // Connect to the queue.
        MessageQueue queue = (MessageQueue)source;

        // End the asynchronous receive operation.
        Message msg = queue.EndReceive(asyncResult.AsyncResult);

        // Display the message information on the screen.
        Console.WriteLine("Message body: {0}", (string)msg.Body);
    }
}

Remarks

In asynchronous processing, you use BeginReceive to raise the ReceiveCompleted event when a message becomes available in the queue or when the specified interval of time has expired.

ReceiveCompleted is also raised if a message already exists in the queue.

The BeginReceive method returns immediately, but the asynchronous operation is not completed until the event handler is called.

Because BeginReceive is asynchronous, you can call it to receive a message from the queue without blocking the current thread of execution. To synchronously receive a message, use the Receive method.

Once an asynchronous operation completes, you can call BeginPeek or BeginReceive again in the event handler to keep receiving notifications.

If CanRead is false, the completion event is raised, but an exception will be thrown when calling EndReceive(IAsyncResult).

This overload specifies a time-out. If the interval specified by the timeout parameter expires, this component raises the ReceiveCompleted event. Because no message exists, a subsequent call to EndReceive(IAsyncResult) will throw an exception.

myMessageQueue.BeginTransaction();
 myMessageQueue.Receive();
 myMessageQueue.CommitTransaction();

The following table shows whether this method is available in various Workgroup modes.

Workgroup mode	Available
Local computer	Yes
Local computer and direct format name	Yes
Remote computer	No
Remote computer and direct format name	Yes

Applies to

BeginReceive(TimeSpan, Object)

Initiates an asynchronous receive operation that has a specified time-out and a specified state object, which provides associated information throughout the operation's lifetime. The operation is not complete until either a message becomes available in the queue or the time-out occurs.

public:
 IAsyncResult ^ BeginReceive(TimeSpan timeout, System::Object ^ stateObject);

public IAsyncResult BeginReceive (TimeSpan timeout, object stateObject);

member this.BeginReceive : TimeSpan * obj -> IAsyncResult

Public Function BeginReceive (timeout As TimeSpan, stateObject As Object) As IAsyncResult

Parameters

timeout: TimeSpan

A TimeSpan that indicates the interval of time to wait for a message to become available.

stateObject: Object

A state object, specified by the application, that contains information associated with the asynchronous operation.

Returns

IAsyncResult

The IAsyncResult that identifies the posted asynchronous request.

Exceptions

ArgumentException

The value specified for the timeout parameter is not valid.

MessageQueueException

An error occurred when accessing a Message Queuing method.

Examples

The following code example creates an asynchronous receive operation. The code example creates an event handler, MyReceiveCompleted, and attaches it to the ReceiveCompleted event handler delegate. The code example sends a message to a local message queue, then calls BeginReceive(TimeSpan, Object), passing in a time-out value of ten seconds and a unique integer that identifies that particular message. When a ReceiveCompleted event is raised, the event handler receives the message and writes the message body and the integer message identifier to the screen.

#using <System.Messaging.dll>
#using <System.dll>

using namespace System;
using namespace System::Messaging;

// Creates a new queue.
void CreateQueue(String^ queuePath, bool transactional)
{
    if(!MessageQueue::Exists(queuePath))
    {
        MessageQueue^ queue = MessageQueue::Create(queuePath, transactional);
        queue->Close();       
    }
    else
    {
        Console::WriteLine("{0} already exists.", queuePath);
    }
}

// Provides an event handler for the ReceiveCompleted event.
void HandleReceiveCompleted(Object^ source, ReceiveCompletedEventArgs^ e)
{
    // Connect to the queue.
    MessageQueue^ queue = (MessageQueue^)source;

    // End the asynchronous receive operation.
    Message^ msg = queue->EndReceive(e->AsyncResult);

    // Display the message information on the screen.
    Console::WriteLine("Message number: {0}", e->AsyncResult->AsyncState);
    Console::WriteLine("Message body: {0}", msg->Body);

    queue->Close();
}

int main()
{
    // Create a non-transactional queue on the local computer.
    // Note that the queue might not be immediately accessible, and
    // therefore this example might throw an exception of type
    // System.Messaging.MessageQueueException when trying to send a
    // message to the newly created queue.
    MessageQueue^ queue = nullptr;

    // Represents a state object associated with each message.
    int messageNumber = 0;

    try
    {
        CreateQueue(".\\exampleQueue", false);

        // Connect to a queue on the local computer.
        queue = gcnew MessageQueue(".\\exampleQueue");

        // Add an event handler for the ReceiveCompleted event.
        queue->ReceiveCompleted += gcnew
            ReceiveCompletedEventHandler(HandleReceiveCompleted);

        // Send a message to the queue.
        queue->Send("Example Message");

        // Begin the asynchronous receive operation.
        queue->BeginReceive(TimeSpan::FromSeconds(10.0), messageNumber++);

        // Simulate doing other work on the current thread.
        System::Threading::Thread::Sleep(TimeSpan::FromSeconds(10.0));
    }
    catch (InvalidOperationException^)
    {
        Console::WriteLine("Please install Message Queuing.");
    }

    catch (MessageQueueException^ ex)
    {
        Console::WriteLine(ex->Message);
    }

    finally
    {   
        queue->Close();
    }
}


using System;
using System.Messaging;

public class QueueExample
{
    // Represents a state object associated with each message.
    static int messageNumber = 0;

    public static void Main()
    {
        // Create a non-transactional queue on the local computer.
        // Note that the queue might not be immediately accessible, and
        // therefore this example might throw an exception of type
        // System.Messaging.MessageQueueException when trying to send a
        // message to the newly created queue.
        CreateQueue(".\\exampleQueue", false);

        // Connect to a queue on the local computer.
        MessageQueue queue = new MessageQueue(".\\exampleQueue");

        // Add an event handler for the ReceiveCompleted event.
        queue.ReceiveCompleted += new
            ReceiveCompletedEventHandler(MyReceiveCompleted);

        // Send a message to the queue.
        queue.Send("Example Message");

        // Begin the asynchronous receive operation.
        queue.BeginReceive(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(10.0), messageNumber++);

        // Simulate doing other work on the current thread.
        System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(10.0));

        return;
    }

    // Creates a new queue.
    public static void CreateQueue(string queuePath, bool transactional)
    {
        if(!MessageQueue.Exists(queuePath))
        {
            MessageQueue.Create(queuePath, transactional);
        }
        else
        {
            Console.WriteLine(queuePath + " already exists.");
        }
    }

    // Provides an event handler for the ReceiveCompleted event.
    private static void MyReceiveCompleted(Object source,
        ReceiveCompletedEventArgs asyncResult)
    {
        // Connect to the queue.
        MessageQueue queue = (MessageQueue)source;

        // End the asynchronous receive operation.
        Message msg = queue.EndReceive(asyncResult.AsyncResult);

        // Display the message information on the screen.
        Console.WriteLine("Message number: {0}",
            (int)asyncResult.AsyncResult.AsyncState);
        Console.WriteLine("Message body: {0}", (string)msg.Body);
    }
}

Remarks

In asynchronous processing, you use BeginReceive to raise the ReceiveCompleted event when a message becomes available in the queue or when the specified interval of time has expired.

ReceiveCompleted is also raised if a message already exists in the queue.

Use this overload to associate information with the operation that will be preserved throughout the operation's lifetime. The event handler can detect this information by looking at the AsyncState property of the IAsyncResult that is associated with the operation.

The BeginReceive method returns immediately, but the asynchronous operation is not completed until the event handler is called.

Because BeginReceive is asynchronous, you can call it to receive a message from the queue without blocking the current thread of execution. To synchronously receive a message, use the Receive method.

Once an asynchronous operation completes, you can call BeginPeek or BeginReceive again in the event handler to keep receiving notifications.

This overload specifies a time-out and a state object. If the interval specified by the timeout parameter expires, this component raises the ReceiveCompleted event. Because no message exists, a subsequent call to EndReceive(IAsyncResult) will throw an exception.

The state object associates state information with the operation. For example, if you call BeginReceive multiple times to initiate multiple operations, you can identify each operation through a separate state object that you define.

You can also use the state object to pass information across process threads. If a thread is started but the callback is on a different thread in an asynchronous scenario, the state object is marshaled and passed back along with information from the event.

myMessageQueue.BeginTransaction();
 myMessageQueue.Receive();
 myMessageQueue.CommitTransaction();

The following table shows whether this method is available in various Workgroup modes.

Workgroup mode	Available
Local computer	Yes
Local computer and direct format name	Yes
Remote computer	No
Remote computer and direct format name	Yes

Applies to

BeginReceive(TimeSpan, Object, AsyncCallback)

Initiates an asynchronous receive operation that has a specified time-out and a specified state object, which provides associated information throughout the operation's lifetime. This overload receives notification, through a callback, of the identity of the event handler for the operation. The operation is not complete until either a message becomes available in the queue or the time-out occurs.

public:
 IAsyncResult ^ BeginReceive(TimeSpan timeout, System::Object ^ stateObject, AsyncCallback ^ callback);

public IAsyncResult BeginReceive (TimeSpan timeout, object stateObject, AsyncCallback callback);

member this.BeginReceive : TimeSpan * obj * AsyncCallback -> IAsyncResult

Public Function BeginReceive (timeout As TimeSpan, stateObject As Object, callback As AsyncCallback) As IAsyncResult

Parameters

timeout: TimeSpan

A TimeSpan that indicates the interval of time to wait for a message to become available.

stateObject: Object

A state object, specified by the application, that contains information associated with the asynchronous operation.

callback: AsyncCallback

The AsyncCallback that will receive the notification of the asynchronous operation completion.

Returns

IAsyncResult

The IAsyncResult that identifies the posted asynchronous request.

Exceptions

ArgumentException

The value specified for the timeout parameter is not valid.

MessageQueueException

An error occurred when accessing a Message Queuing method.

Examples

The following code example creates an asynchronous receive operation. The code example sends a message to a local message queue, then calls BeginReceive(TimeSpan, Object, AsyncCallback), passing in: a time-out value of ten seconds; a unique integer that identifies that particular message; and a new instance of AsyncCallback that identifies the event handler, MyReceiveCompleted. When a ReceiveCompleted event is raised, the event handler receives the message and writes the message body and the integer message identifier to the screen.

#using <System.Messaging.dll>
#using <System.dll>

using namespace System;
using namespace System::Messaging;

// Creates a new queue.
void CreateQueue(String^ queuePath, bool transactional)
{
    if (!MessageQueue::Exists(queuePath))
    {
        MessageQueue^ queue = MessageQueue::Create(queuePath, transactional);
        queue->Close();       
    }
    else
    {
        Console::WriteLine("{0} already exists.", queuePath);
    }
}

// Provides an event handler for the ReceiveCompleted event.
void HandleReceiveCompleted(IAsyncResult^ asyncResult)
{
    // Connect to the queue.
    MessageQueue^ queue = gcnew MessageQueue(".\\exampleQueue");

    // End the asynchronous receive operation.
    Message^ msg = queue->EndReceive(asyncResult);

    // Display the message information on the screen.
    Console::WriteLine("Message number: {0}", asyncResult->AsyncState);
    Console::WriteLine("Message body: {0}", msg->Body);

    queue->Close();
}

int main()
{
    // Represents a state object associated with each message.
    int messageNumber = 0;

    // Create a non-transactional queue on the local computer.
    // Note that the queue might not be immediately accessible, and
    // therefore this example might throw an exception of type
    // System.Messaging.MessageQueueException when trying to send a
    // message to the newly created queue.
    MessageQueue^ queue = nullptr;
    try
    {
        CreateQueue(".\\exampleQueue", false);

        // Connect to a queue on the local computer.
        queue = gcnew MessageQueue(".\\exampleQueue");

        // Send a message to the queue.
        queue->Send("Example Message");

        // Begin the asynchronous receive operation.
        queue->BeginReceive(TimeSpan::FromSeconds(10.0), messageNumber++,
            gcnew AsyncCallback(HandleReceiveCompleted));

        // Simulate doing other work on the current thread.
        System::Threading::Thread::Sleep(TimeSpan::FromSeconds(10.0));
    }
    catch (InvalidOperationException^)
    {
        Console::WriteLine("Please install Message Queuing.");
    }

    catch (MessageQueueException^ ex)
    {
        Console::WriteLine(ex->Message);
    }

    finally
    {   
        queue->Close();
    }
}


using System;
using System.Messaging;

public class QueueExample
{
    // Represents a state object associated with each message.
    static int messageNumber = 0;

    public static void Main()
    {
        // Create a non-transactional queue on the local computer.
        // Note that the queue might not be immediately accessible, and
        // therefore this example might throw an exception of type
        // System.Messaging.MessageQueueException when trying to send a
        // message to the newly created queue.
        CreateQueue(".\\exampleQueue", false);

        // Connect to a queue on the local computer.
        MessageQueue queue = new MessageQueue(".\\exampleQueue");

        // Send a message to the queue.
        queue.Send("Example Message");

        // Begin the asynchronous receive operation.
        queue.BeginReceive(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(10.0), messageNumber++,
            new AsyncCallback(MyReceiveCompleted));
            
        // Simulate doing other work on the current thread.
        System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(10.0));

        return;
    }

    // Creates a new queue.
    public static void CreateQueue(string queuePath, bool transactional)
    {
        if(!MessageQueue.Exists(queuePath))
        {
            MessageQueue.Create(queuePath, transactional);
        }
        else
        {
            Console.WriteLine(queuePath + " already exists.");
        }
    }

    // Provides an event handler for the ReceiveCompleted event.
    private static void MyReceiveCompleted(IAsyncResult asyncResult)
    {
        // Connect to the queue.
        MessageQueue queue = new MessageQueue(".\\exampleQueue");

        // End the asynchronous receive operation.
        Message msg = queue.EndReceive(asyncResult);

        // Display the message information on the screen.
        Console.WriteLine("Message number: {0}", (int)asyncResult.AsyncState);
        Console.WriteLine("Message body: {0}", (string)msg.Body);
    }
}

Remarks

When you use this overload, the callback specified in the callback parameter is invoked directly when a message becomes available in the queue or when the specified interval of time has expired; the ReceiveCompleted event is not raised. The other overloads of BeginReceive rely on this component to raise the ReceiveCompleted event.

ReceiveCompleted is also raised if a message already exists in the queue.

The BeginReceive method returns immediately, but the asynchronous operation is not completed until the event handler is called.

Because BeginReceive is asynchronous, you can call it to receive a message from the queue without blocking the current thread of execution. To synchronously receive a message, use the Receive method.

Once an asynchronous operation completes, you can call BeginPeek or BeginReceive again in the event handler to keep receiving notifications.

myMessageQueue.BeginTransaction();
 myMessageQueue.Receive();
 myMessageQueue.CommitTransaction();

The following table shows whether this method is available in various Workgroup modes.

Workgroup mode	Available
Local computer	Yes
Local computer and direct format name	Yes
Remote computer	No
Remote computer and direct format name	Yes

Applies to

BeginReceive(TimeSpan, Cursor, Object, AsyncCallback)

Initiates an asynchronous receive operation that has a specified time-out and uses a specified cursor and a specified state object. The state object provides associated information throughout the lifetime of the operation. This overload receives notification, through a callback, of the identity of the event handler for the operation. The operation is not complete until either a message becomes available in the queue or the time-out occurs.

public:
 IAsyncResult ^ BeginReceive(TimeSpan timeout, System::Messaging::Cursor ^ cursor, System::Object ^ state, AsyncCallback ^ callback);

public IAsyncResult BeginReceive (TimeSpan timeout, System.Messaging.Cursor cursor, object state, AsyncCallback callback);

member this.BeginReceive : TimeSpan * System.Messaging.Cursor * obj * AsyncCallback -> IAsyncResult

Public Function BeginReceive (timeout As TimeSpan, cursor As Cursor, state As Object, callback As AsyncCallback) As IAsyncResult

Parameters

timeout: TimeSpan

A TimeSpan that indicates the interval of time to wait for a message to become available.

cursor: Cursor

A Cursor that maintains a specific position in the message queue.

state: Object

A state object, specified by the application, that contains information associated with the asynchronous operation.

callback: AsyncCallback

The AsyncCallback that receives the notification of the asynchronous operation completion.

Returns

IAsyncResult

The IAsyncResult that identifies the posted asynchronous request.

Exceptions

ArgumentNullException

The cursor parameter is null.

ArgumentException

The value specified for the timeout parameter is not valid.

MessageQueueException

An error occurred when accessing a Message Queuing method.

Remarks

ReceiveCompleted is also raised if a message already exists in the queue.

The BeginReceive method returns immediately, but the asynchronous operation is not completed until the event handler is called.

Because BeginReceive is asynchronous, you can call it to receive a message from the queue without blocking the current thread of execution. To synchronously receive a message, use the Receive method.

Once an asynchronous operation completes, you can call BeginPeek or BeginReceive again in the event handler to keep receiving notifications.

The IAsyncResult that BeginReceive returns identifies the asynchronous operation that the method started. You can use this IAsyncResult throughout the lifetime of the operation, although you generally do not use it until EndReceive(IAsyncResult) is called. However, if you start several asynchronous operations, you can place their IAsyncResult values in an array and specify whether to wait for all operations or any operation to complete. In this case, use the AsyncWaitHandle property of the IAsyncResult to identify the completed operation.

myMessageQueue.BeginTransaction();
 myMessageQueue.Receive();
 myMessageQueue.CommitTransaction();

The following table shows whether this method is available in various Workgroup modes.

Workgroup mode	Available
Local computer	Yes
Local computer and direct format name	Yes
Remote computer	No
Remote computer and direct format name	Yes

Applies to

Thread Safety

The method is not thread safe.

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MessageQueue.BeginReceive Method

Definition

Overloads

BeginReceive()

Returns

Exceptions

Examples

Remarks

See also

Applies to

BeginReceive(TimeSpan)

Parameters

Returns

Exceptions

Examples

Remarks

See also

Applies to

BeginReceive(TimeSpan, Object)

Parameters

Returns

Exceptions

Examples

Remarks

See also

Applies to

BeginReceive(TimeSpan, Object, AsyncCallback)

Parameters

Returns

Exceptions

Examples

Remarks

See also

Applies to

BeginReceive(TimeSpan, Cursor, Object, AsyncCallback)

Parameters

Returns

Exceptions

Remarks

See also

Applies to

Thread Safety

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