Reference Class
Definition
Important
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Represents the <reference> element of an XML signature.
public ref class Referencepublic class Referencetype Reference = classPublic Class Reference- Inheritance
-
Reference
Examples
The following code example demonstrates how to generate and verify an enveloped XML signature using the Reference object.
//
// This example signs an XML file using an
// envelope signature. It then verifies the
// signed XML.
//
#using <System.Security.dll>
#using <System.Xml.dll>
using namespace System;
using namespace System::Security::Cryptography;
using namespace System::Security::Cryptography::X509Certificates;
using namespace System::Security::Cryptography::Xml;
using namespace System::Text;
using namespace System::Xml;
// Sign an XML file and save the signature in a new file.
void SignXmlFile( String^ FileName, String^ SignedFileName, RSA^ Key )
{
// Create a new XML document.
XmlDocument^ doc = gcnew XmlDocument;
// Format the document to ignore white spaces.
doc->PreserveWhitespace = false;
// Load the passed XML file using its name.
doc->Load( gcnew XmlTextReader( FileName ) );
// Create a SignedXml object.
SignedXml^ signedXml = gcnew SignedXml( doc );
// Add the key to the SignedXml document.
signedXml->SigningKey = Key;
// Create a reference to be signed.
Reference^ reference = gcnew Reference;
reference->Uri = "";
// Add an enveloped transformation to the reference.
XmlDsigEnvelopedSignatureTransform^ env = gcnew XmlDsigEnvelopedSignatureTransform;
reference->AddTransform( env );
// Add the reference to the SignedXml object.
signedXml->AddReference( reference );
// Add an RSAKeyValue KeyInfo (optional; helps recipient find key to validate).
KeyInfo^ keyInfo = gcnew KeyInfo;
keyInfo->AddClause( gcnew RSAKeyValue( safe_cast<RSA^>(Key) ) );
signedXml->KeyInfo = keyInfo;
// Compute the signature.
signedXml->ComputeSignature();
// Get the XML representation of the signature and save
// it to an XmlElement object.
XmlElement^ xmlDigitalSignature = signedXml->GetXml();
// Append the element to the XML document.
doc->DocumentElement->AppendChild( doc->ImportNode( xmlDigitalSignature, true ) );
if ( (doc->FirstChild)->GetType() == XmlDeclaration::typeid )
{
doc->RemoveChild( doc->FirstChild );
}
// Save the signed XML document to a file specified
// using the passed string.
XmlTextWriter^ xmltw = gcnew XmlTextWriter( SignedFileName,gcnew UTF8Encoding( false ) );
doc->WriteTo( xmltw );
xmltw->Close();
}
// Verify the signature of an XML file and return the result.
Boolean VerifyXmlFile( String^ Name )
{
// Create a new XML document.
XmlDocument^ xmlDocument = gcnew XmlDocument;
// Format using white spaces.
xmlDocument->PreserveWhitespace = true;
// Load the passed XML file into the document.
xmlDocument->Load( Name );
// Create a new SignedXml object and pass it
// the XML document class.
SignedXml^ signedXml = gcnew SignedXml( xmlDocument );
// Find the "Signature" node and create a new
// XmlNodeList object.
XmlNodeList^ nodeList = xmlDocument->GetElementsByTagName( "Signature" );
// Load the signature node.
signedXml->LoadXml( safe_cast<XmlElement^>(nodeList->Item( 0 )) );
// Check the signature and return the result.
return signedXml->CheckSignature();
}
// Create example data to sign.
void CreateSomeXml( String^ FileName )
{
// Create a new XmlDocument object.
XmlDocument^ document = gcnew XmlDocument;
// Create a new XmlNode object.
XmlNode^ node = document->CreateNode( XmlNodeType::Element, "", "MyElement", "samples" );
// Add some text to the node.
node->InnerText = "Example text to be signed.";
// Append the node to the document.
document->AppendChild( node );
// Save the XML document to the file name specified.
XmlTextWriter^ xmltw = gcnew XmlTextWriter( FileName,gcnew UTF8Encoding( false ) );
document->WriteTo( xmltw );
xmltw->Close();
}
int main()
{
try
{
// Generate a signing key.
RSA^ Key = RSA::Create();
// Create an XML file to sign.
CreateSomeXml( "Example.xml" );
Console::WriteLine( "New XML file created." );
// Sign the XML that was just created and save it in a
// new file.
SignXmlFile( "Example.xml", "SignedExample.xml", Key );
Console::WriteLine( "XML file signed." );
// Verify the signature of the signed XML.
Console::WriteLine( "Verifying signature..." );
bool result = VerifyXmlFile( "SignedExample.xml" );
// Display the results of the signature verification to
// the console.
if ( result )
{
Console::WriteLine( "The XML signature is valid." );
}
else
{
Console::WriteLine( "The XML signature is not valid." );
}
}
catch ( CryptographicException^ e )
{
Console::WriteLine( e->Message );
}
}
//
// This example signs an XML file using an
// envelope signature. It then verifies the
// signed XML.
//
using System;
using System.Security.Cryptography;
using System.Security.Cryptography.X509Certificates;
using System.Security.Cryptography.Xml;
using System.Text;
using System.Xml;
public class SignVerifyEnvelope
{
public static void Main(String[] args)
{
try
{
// Generate a signing key.
RSA Key = RSA.Create();
// Create an XML file to sign.
CreateSomeXml("Example.xml");
Console.WriteLine("New XML file created.");
// Sign the XML that was just created and save it in a
// new file.
SignXmlFile("Example.xml", "SignedExample.xml", Key);
Console.WriteLine("XML file signed.");
// Verify the signature of the signed XML.
Console.WriteLine("Verifying signature...");
bool result = VerifyXmlFile("SignedExample.xml");
// Display the results of the signature verification to \
// the console.
if(result)
{
Console.WriteLine("The XML signature is valid.");
}
else
{
Console.WriteLine("The XML signature is not valid.");
}
}
catch(CryptographicException e)
{
Console.WriteLine(e.Message);
}
}
// Sign an XML file and save the signature in a new file.
public static void SignXmlFile(string FileName, string SignedFileName, RSA Key)
{
// Create a new XML document.
XmlDocument doc = new XmlDocument();
// Format the document to ignore white spaces.
doc.PreserveWhitespace = false;
// Load the passed XML file using it's name.
doc.Load(new XmlTextReader(FileName));
// Create a SignedXml object.
SignedXml signedXml = new SignedXml(doc);
// Add the key to the SignedXml document.
signedXml.SigningKey = Key;
// Create a reference to be signed.
Reference reference = new Reference();
reference.Uri = "";
// Add an enveloped transformation to the reference.
XmlDsigEnvelopedSignatureTransform env = new XmlDsigEnvelopedSignatureTransform();
reference.AddTransform(env);
// Add the reference to the SignedXml object.
signedXml.AddReference(reference);
// Add an RSAKeyValue KeyInfo (optional; helps recipient find key to validate).
KeyInfo keyInfo = new KeyInfo();
keyInfo.AddClause(new RSAKeyValue((RSA)Key));
signedXml.KeyInfo = keyInfo;
// Compute the signature.
signedXml.ComputeSignature();
// Get the XML representation of the signature and save
// it to an XmlElement object.
XmlElement xmlDigitalSignature = signedXml.GetXml();
// Append the element to the XML document.
doc.DocumentElement.AppendChild(doc.ImportNode(xmlDigitalSignature, true));
if (doc.FirstChild is XmlDeclaration)
{
doc.RemoveChild(doc.FirstChild);
}
// Save the signed XML document to a file specified
// using the passed string.
XmlTextWriter xmltw = new XmlTextWriter(SignedFileName, new UTF8Encoding(false));
doc.WriteTo(xmltw);
xmltw.Close();
}
// Verify the signature of an XML file and return the result.
public static Boolean VerifyXmlFile(String Name)
{
// Create a new XML document.
XmlDocument xmlDocument = new XmlDocument();
// Format using white spaces.
xmlDocument.PreserveWhitespace = true;
// Load the passed XML file into the document.
xmlDocument.Load(Name);
// Create a new SignedXml object and pass it
// the XML document class.
SignedXml signedXml = new SignedXml(xmlDocument);
// Find the "Signature" node and create a new
// XmlNodeList object.
XmlNodeList nodeList = xmlDocument.GetElementsByTagName("Signature");
// Load the signature node.
signedXml.LoadXml((XmlElement)nodeList[0]);
// Check the signature and return the result.
return signedXml.CheckSignature();
}
// Create example data to sign.
public static void CreateSomeXml(string FileName)
{
// Create a new XmlDocument object.
XmlDocument document = new XmlDocument();
// Create a new XmlNode object.
XmlNode node = document.CreateNode(XmlNodeType.Element, "", "MyElement", "samples");
// Add some text to the node.
node.InnerText = "Example text to be signed.";
// Append the node to the document.
document.AppendChild(node);
// Save the XML document to the file name specified.
XmlTextWriter xmltw = new XmlTextWriter(FileName, new UTF8Encoding(false));
document.WriteTo(xmltw);
xmltw.Close();
}
}
'
' This example signs an XML file using an
' envelope signature. It then verifies the
' signed XML.
'
Imports System.Security.Cryptography
Imports System.Security.Cryptography.X509Certificates
Imports System.Security.Cryptography.Xml
Imports System.Text
Imports System.Xml
Public Class SignVerifyEnvelope
Overloads Public Shared Sub Main(args() As [String])
Try
' Generate a signing key.
Dim Key As RSA = RSA.Create()
' Create an XML file to sign.
CreateSomeXml("Example.xml")
Console.WriteLine("New XML file created.")
' Sign the XML that was just created and save it in a
' new file.
SignXmlFile("Example.xml", "SignedExample.xml", Key)
Console.WriteLine("XML file signed.")
' Verify the signature of the signed XML.
Console.WriteLine("Verifying signature...")
Dim result As Boolean = VerifyXmlFile("SignedExample.xml")
' Display the results of the signature verification to \
' the console.
If result Then
Console.WriteLine("The XML signature is valid.")
Else
Console.WriteLine("The XML signature is not valid.")
End If
Catch e As CryptographicException
Console.WriteLine(e.Message)
End Try
End Sub
' Sign an XML file and save the signature in a new file.
Public Shared Sub SignXmlFile(FileName As String, SignedFileName As String, Key As RSA)
' Create a new XML document.
Dim doc As New XmlDocument()
' Format the document to ignore white spaces.
doc.PreserveWhitespace = False
' Load the passed XML file using it's name.
doc.Load(New XmlTextReader(FileName))
' Create a SignedXml object.
Dim signedXml As New SignedXml(doc)
' Add the key to the SignedXml document.
signedXml.SigningKey = Key
' Create a reference to be signed.
Dim reference As New Reference()
reference.Uri = ""
' Add an enveloped transformation to the reference.
Dim env As New XmlDsigEnvelopedSignatureTransform()
reference.AddTransform(env)
' Add the reference to the SignedXml object.
signedXml.AddReference(reference)
' Add an RSAKeyValue KeyInfo (optional; helps recipient find key to validate).
Dim keyInfo As New KeyInfo()
keyInfo.AddClause(New RSAKeyValue(CType(Key, RSA)))
signedXml.KeyInfo = keyInfo
' Compute the signature.
signedXml.ComputeSignature()
' Get the XML representation of the signature and save
' it to an XmlElement object.
Dim xmlDigitalSignature As XmlElement = signedXml.GetXml()
' Append the element to the XML document.
doc.DocumentElement.AppendChild(doc.ImportNode(xmlDigitalSignature, True))
If TypeOf doc.FirstChild Is XmlDeclaration Then
doc.RemoveChild(doc.FirstChild)
End If
' Save the signed XML document to a file specified
' using the passed string.
Dim xmltw As New XmlTextWriter(SignedFileName, New UTF8Encoding(False))
doc.WriteTo(xmltw)
xmltw.Close()
End Sub
' Verify the signature of an XML file and return the result.
Public Shared Function VerifyXmlFile(Name As [String]) As [Boolean]
' Create a new XML document.
Dim xmlDocument As New XmlDocument()
' Format using white spaces.
xmlDocument.PreserveWhitespace = True
' Load the passed XML file into the document.
xmlDocument.Load(Name)
' Create a new SignedXml object and pass it
' the XML document class.
Dim signedXml As New SignedXml(xmlDocument)
' Find the "Signature" node and create a new
' XmlNodeList object.
Dim nodeList As XmlNodeList = xmlDocument.GetElementsByTagName("Signature")
' Load the signature node.
signedXml.LoadXml(CType(nodeList(0), XmlElement))
' Check the signature and return the result.
Return signedXml.CheckSignature()
End Function
' Create example data to sign.
Public Shared Sub CreateSomeXml(FileName As String)
' Create a new XmlDocument object.
Dim document As New XmlDocument()
' Create a new XmlNode object.
Dim node As XmlNode = document.CreateNode(XmlNodeType.Element, "", "MyElement", "samples")
' Add some text to the node.
node.InnerText = "Example text to be signed."
' Append the node to the document.
document.AppendChild(node)
' Save the XML document to the file name specified.
Dim xmltw As New XmlTextWriter(FileName, New UTF8Encoding(False))
document.WriteTo(xmltw)
xmltw.Close()
End Sub
End Class
Remarks
The Reference object represents the <reference> element of an XML digital signature defined by the XML digital signature specification.
Use the Reference object to specify the following information:
The digest algorithm used to sign of the data object. This value is required.
The Uniform Resource Identifier (URI) of the data object to sign. The URI can specify a file path or specific elements within an XML document. This value is required.
A chain of transforms to apply before generating the digest. This value is optional.
The type of object to sign. This value is optional.
A unique identifier used to reference the current
<reference>element. This value is optional.
For more information about the <reference> element, see the W3C specification.
Constructors
| Reference() |
Initializes a new instance of the Reference class with default properties. |
| Reference(Stream) |
Initializes a new instance of the Reference class with a hash value of the specified Stream. |
| Reference(String) |
Initializes a new instance of the Reference class with the specified Uri. |
Properties
| DigestMethod |
Gets or sets the digest method Uniform Resource Identifier (URI) of the current Reference. |
| DigestValue |
Gets or sets the digest value of the current Reference. |
| Id |
Gets or sets the ID of the current Reference. |
| TransformChain |
Gets the transform chain of the current Reference. |
| Type |
Gets or sets the type of the object being signed. |
| Uri |
Methods
| AddTransform(Transform) |
Adds a Transform object to the list of transforms to be performed on the data before passing it to the digest algorithm. |
| Equals(Object) |
Determines whether the specified object is equal to the current object. (Inherited from Object) |
| GetHashCode() |
Serves as the default hash function. (Inherited from Object) |
| GetType() |
Gets the Type of the current instance. (Inherited from Object) |
| GetXml() |
Returns the XML representation of the Reference. |
| LoadXml(XmlElement) |
Loads a Reference state from an XML element. |
| MemberwiseClone() |
Creates a shallow copy of the current Object. (Inherited from Object) |
| ToString() |
Returns a string that represents the current object. (Inherited from Object) |
Applies to
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