Deploy a Data-tier Application
You can deploy a data-tier application (DAC) from a DAC package to an existing instance of the Database Engine or SQL Database by using a wizard or a PowerShell script. The deployment process registers a DAC instance by storing the DAC definition in the msdb system database (master in SQL Database), creates a database, and then populates the database with all the database objects defined in the DAC.
Before you begin: SQL Server Utility, Database Options and Settings, Limitations and Restrictions, Prerequisites, Security, Permissions
To deploy a DAC, using: The Deploy Data-tier Application Wizard, PowerShell
Before You Begin
The same DAC package can be deployed to a single instance of the Database Engine multiple times, however the deployments must be run one at a time. The DAC instance name specified for each deployment must be unique within the instance of the Database Engine.
For more information about creating a DAC package, see Understanding Data-tier Applications.
SQL Server Utility
If you deploy a DAC to a managed instance of the Database Engine, the deployed DAC is incorporated into the SQL Server Utility the next time the utility collection set is sent from the instance to the utility control point. The DAC will then be present in the Deployed Data-tier Applications node of the Management Studio Utility Explorer and reported in the Deployed Data-tier Applications details page.
Database Options and Settings
By default, the database created during the deployment will have all of the default settings from the CREATE DATABASE statement, except:
The database collation and compatibility level are set to the values defined in the DAC package. A DAC package built from a database project in the SQL Server Developer Tools uses the values set in the database project. A package extracted from an existing database uses the values from the original database.
You can adjust some of the database settings, such as database name and file paths, in the Update Configuration page. You cannot set the file paths when deploying to SQL Database.
Some database options, such as TRUSTWORTHY, DB_CHAINING, and HONOR_BROKER_PRIORITY, cannot be adjusted as part of the deployment process. Physical properties, such as the number of filegroups, or the numbers and sizes of files cannot be altered as part of the deployment process. After the deployment completes, you can use the ALTER DATABASE statement, SQL Server Management Studio, or SQL Server PowerShell to tailor the database. For more information, see Modifying a Database.
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Limitations and Restrictions
A DAC can be deployed to SQL Database, or an instance of the Database Engine running SQL Server 2005 Service Pack 4 (SP4) or later. If you create a DAC using SQL Server 2012 or SQL Server 2008 R2, the DAC may contain objects not supported by SQL Server 2005. You cannot deploy those DACs to instances of SQL Server 2005.
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Prerequisites
We recommend that you do not deploy a DAC package from unknown or untrusted sources. Such packages could contain malicious code that might execute unintended Transact-SQL code or cause errors by modifying the schema. Before you use a package from an unknown or untrusted source, unpack the DAC and examine the code, such as stored procedures or other user-defined code. For more information about how to perform these checks, see Validate a DAC Package.
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Security
To improve security, SQL Server Authentication logins are stored in a DAC package without a password. When the package is deployed or upgraded, the login is created as a disabled login with a generated password. To enable the logins, log in using a login that has ALTER ANY LOGIN permission and use ALTER LOGIN to enable the login and assign a new password that can be communicated to the user. This is not needed for Windows Authentication logins because their passwords are not managed by SQL Server.
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Permissions
A DAC can only be deployed by members of the sysadmin or serveradmin fixed server roles, or by logins that are in the dbcreator fixed server role and have ALTER ANY LOGIN permissions. The built-in SQL Server system administrator account named sa can also deploy a DAC. Deploying a DAC with logins to SQL Database requires membership in the loginmanager or serveradmin roles. Deploying a DAC without logins to SQL Database requires membership in the dbmanager or serveradmin roles.
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Using the Deploy Data-tier Application Wizard
To Deploy a DAC Using a Wizard
In Object Explorer, expand the node for the instance to which you want to deploy the DAC.
Right-click the Databases node, then select Deploy Data-tier Application…
Complete the wizard dialogs:
Introduction Page
Select DAC Package Page
Review Policy Page
Update Configuration Page
Summary Page
Deploy Page
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Introduction Page
This page describes the steps for deploying a data-tier application.
Do not show this page again. - Click the check box to stop the page from being displayed in the future.
Next > - Proceeds to the Select DAC Package page.
Cancel - Terminates the wizard without deploying a DAC.
[Deploy Wizard]
Select DAC Package Page
Use this page to specify the DAC package that contains the data-tier application to be deployed. The page transitions through three states.
[Deploy Wizard]
Select the DAC Package
Use the initial state of the page to choose the DAC package to deploy. The DAC package must be a valid DAC package file and must have a .dacpac extension.
DAC Package - Specify the path and file name of the DAC package that contains the data-tier application to be deployed. You can select the Browse button at the right of the box to browse to the location of the DAC package.
Application Name - A read-only box that displays the DAC name assigned when the DAC was authored or extracted from a database.
Version - A read-only box that displays the version assigned when the DAC was authored or extracted from a database.
Description - A read-only box that displays the description written when the DAC was authored or extracted from a database.
< Previous - Returns to the Introduction page.
Next > - Displays a progress bar as the wizard confirms that the selected file is a valid DAC package.
Cancel - Terminates the wizard without deploying the DAC.
[Deploy Wizard]
Validating the DAC Package
Displays a progress bar as the wizard confirms that the selected file is a valid DAC package. If the DAC package is validated, the wizard proceeds to the final version of the Select Package page where you can review the results of the validation. If the file is not a valid DAC package, the wizard remains on the Select DAC Package. Either select another valid DAC package or cancel the wizard and generate a new DAC package.
Validating the contents of the DAC - The progress bar that reports the current status of the validation process.
< Previous - Returns to the initial state of the Select Package page.
Next > - Proceeds to the final version of the Select Package page.
Cancel - Terminates the wizard without deploying the DAC.
[Deploy Wizard]
Review Policy Page
Use this page to review the results of evaluating the DAC server selection policy, if the DAC has a policy. The DAC server selection policy is optional, and is assigned to the DAC when it is created in Visual Studio. The policy uses the server selection policy facets to specify conditions an instance of the Database Engine should meet to host the DAC.
Evaluation results of policy conditions - A read-only report showing whether the conditions of the DAC deployment policy succeeded. The results of evaluating each condition are reported on a separate line.
The following server selection policies always evaluate to false when deploying a DAC to SQL Database: operating system version, language, named pipes enabled, platform, and tcp enabled.
Ignore policy violations - Use this check box to proceed with the deployment if one or more of the policy conditions failed. Only select this option if you are sure that all of the conditions which failed will not prevent the successful operation of the DAC.
< Previous - Returns to the Select Package page.
Next > - Proceeds to the Update Configureation page.
Cancel - Terminates the wizard without deploying the DAC.
[Deploy Wizard]
Update Configuration Page
Use this page to specify the names of the deployed DAC instance and the database created by the deployment, and to set database options.
Database Name: - Specify the name of the database to be created by the deployment. The default is the name of the source database the DAC was extracted from. The name must be unique within the instance of the Database Engine and comply with the rules for Database Engine identifiers.
If you change the database name, the names of the data file and log files will change to match the new value.
The database name is also used as the name of the DAC instance. The instance name is displayed on the node for the DAC under the Data-tier Applications node in Object Explorer, or the Deployed Data-tier Applications node in the Utility Explorer.
The following options do not apply to SQL Database, and are not displayed when deploying to SQL Database.
Use the default database location - Select this option to create the database data and log files in the default location for the instance of the Database Engine. The file names will be built using the database name.
Specify database files - Select this option to specify a different location or name for the data and log files.
Data file path and name: - Specify the full path and file name for the data file. The box is populated with the default path and file name. Edit the string in the box to change the default, or use the Browse button to navigate to the folder where the data file is to be placed.
Log file path and name: - Specify the full path and file name for the log file. The box is populated with the default path and file name. Edit the string in the box to change the default, or use the Browse button to navigate to the folder where the log file is to be placed.
< Previous - Returns to the Select DAC Package page.
Next > - Proceeds to the Summary page.
Cancel - Terminates the wizard without deploying the DAC.
[Deploy Wizard]
Summary Page
Use this page to review the actions the wizard will take when deploying the DAC.
The following settings will be used to deploy your DAC. - Review the information displayed to ensure the actions taken will be correct. The window displays the DAC package you selected, and the name you selected for the deployed DAC instance. The window also displays the settings that will be used when creating the database associated with the DAC.
< Previous - Returns you to the Update Configuration page to change your selections.
Next > - Deploys the DAC and displays the results in the Deploy DAC page.
Cancel - Terminates the wizard without deploying the DAC.
[Deploy Wizard]
Deploy Page
This page reports the success or failure of the deploy operation.
Deploying the DAC - Reports the success or failure of each action taken to deploy the DAC. Review the information to determine the success or failure of each action. Any action that encountered an error will have a link in the Result column. Select the link to view a report of the error for that action.
Save Report - Select this button to save the deployment report to an HTML file. The file reports the status of each action, including all errors generated by any of the actions. The default folder is the SQL Server Management Studio\DAC Packages folder in the Documents folder of your Windows account.
Finish - Terminates the wizard.
[Deploy Wizard]
Using PowerShell
To deploy a DAC using the Install() method in a PowerShell script
Create a SMO Server object and set it to the instance to which you want to deploy the DAC.
Open a ServerConnection object and connect to the same instance.
Use System.IO.File to load the DAC package file.
Use add_DacActionStarted and add_DacActionFinished to subscribe to the DAC deployment events.
Set the DatabaseDeploymentProperties.
Use the DacStore.Install method to deploy the DAC.
Close the file stream used to read the DAC package file.
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Example (PowerShell)
The following example deploys a DAC named MyApplication on a default instance of the Database Engine, using a DAC definition from a MyApplication.dacpac package.
## Set a SMO Server object to the default instance on the local computer.
CD SQLSERVER:\SQL\localhost\DEFAULT
$srv = get-item .
## Open a Common.ServerConnection to the same instance.
$serverconnection = New-Object Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.Common.ServerConnection($srv.ConnectionContext.SqlConnectionObject)
$serverconnection.Connect()
$dacstore = New-Object Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.Dac.DacStore($serverconnection)
## Load the DAC package file.
$dacpacPath = "C:\MyDACs\MyApplication.dacpac"
$fileStream = [System.IO.File]::Open($dacpacPath,[System.IO.FileMode]::OpenOrCreate)
$dacType = [Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.Dac.DacType]::Load($fileStream)
## Subscribe to the DAC deployment events.
$dacstore.add_DacActionStarted({Write-Host `n`nStarting at $(get-date) :: $_.Description})
$dacstore.add_DacActionFinished({Write-Host Completed at $(get-date) :: $_.Description})
## Deploy the DAC and create the database.
$dacName = "MyApplication"
$evaluateTSPolicy = $true
$deployProperties = New-Object Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.Dac.DatabaseDeploymentProperties($serverconnection,$dacName)
$dacstore.Install($dacType, $deployProperties, $evaluateTSPolicy)
$fileStream.Close()
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