BindingFlags Wyliczenie
Definicja
Ważne
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Określa flagi, które określają powiązanie sterujące i sposób, w jaki wyszukiwanie elementów członkowskich i typów jest przeprowadzane przez odbicie.
To wyliczenie obsługuje bitową kombinację jego wartości składowych.
public enum class BindingFlags[System.Flags]
public enum BindingFlags[System.Flags]
[System.Serializable]
public enum BindingFlags[System.Flags]
[System.Serializable]
[System.Runtime.InteropServices.ComVisible(true)]
public enum BindingFlags[<System.Flags>]
type BindingFlags = [<System.Flags>]
[<System.Serializable>]
type BindingFlags = [<System.Flags>]
[<System.Serializable>]
[<System.Runtime.InteropServices.ComVisible(true)>]
type BindingFlags = Public Enum BindingFlags- Dziedziczenie
- Atrybuty
Pola
| CreateInstance | 512 | Określa, że odbicie powinno utworzyć wystąpienie określonego typu. Wywołuje konstruktor, który pasuje do podanych argumentów. Podana nazwa elementu członkowskiego jest ignorowana. Jeśli nie określono typu odnośnika (wystąpienie | Zostaną zastosowane publiczne. Nie można wywołać inicjatora typu. Ta flaga jest przekazywana do |
| DeclaredOnly | 2 | Określa, że należy wziąć pod uwagę tylko elementy członkowskie zadeklarowane na poziomie hierarchii podanego typu. Dziedziczone elementy członkowskie nie są brane pod uwagę. |
| Default | 0 | Określa, że nie zdefiniowano flag powiązań. |
| DoNotWrapExceptions | 33554432 | |
| ExactBinding | 65536 | Określa, że typy podanych argumentów muszą dokładnie odpowiadać typom odpowiednich parametrów formalnych. Odbicie zgłasza wyjątek, jeśli obiekt wywołujący dostarcza obiekt inny niż null |
| FlattenHierarchy | 64 | Określa, że powinny zostać zwrócone publiczne i chronione statyczne elementy członkowskie hierarchii. Prywatne statyczne elementy członkowskie w klasach dziedziczonej nie są zwracane. Statyczne elementy członkowskie obejmują pola, metody, zdarzenia i właściwości. Typy zagnieżdżone nie są zwracane. |
| GetField | 1024 | Określa, że należy zwrócić wartość określonego pola. Ta flaga jest przekazywana do |
| GetProperty | 4096 | Określa, że należy zwrócić wartość określonej właściwości. Ta flaga jest przekazywana do |
| IgnoreCase | 1 | Określa, że przy powiązaniu nie należy uwzględniać wielkości liter nazwy elementu członkowskiego. |
| IgnoreReturn | 16777216 | Używany w międzyoperacyjności MODELU COM, aby określić, że wartość zwracana elementu członkowskiego może być ignorowana. |
| Instance | 4 | Określa, że członkowie wystąpień mają być uwzględnione w wyszukiwaniu. |
| InvokeMethod | 256 | Określa, że należy wywołać metodę. Nie może to być konstruktor ani inicjator typu. Ta flaga jest przekazywana do |
| NonPublic | 32 | Określa, że członkowie niepubliczni mają być uwzględnione w wyszukiwaniu. |
| OptionalParamBinding | 262144 | Zwraca zestaw elementów członkowskich, których liczba parametrów jest zgodna z liczbą podanych argumentów. Ta flaga powiązania jest używana dla metod z parametrami, które mają wartości domyślne i metody z argumentami zmiennych (varargs). Ta flaga powinna być używana tylko z InvokeMember(String, BindingFlags, Binder, Object, Object[], ParameterModifier[], CultureInfo, String[]). |
| Public | 16 | Określa, że publiczne elementy członkowskie mają być uwzględnione w wyszukiwaniu. |
| PutDispProperty | 16384 | Określa, że |
| PutRefDispProperty | 32768 | Określa, że |
| SetField | 2048 | Określa, że należy ustawić wartość określonego pola. Ta flaga jest przekazywana do |
| SetProperty | 8192 | Określa, że należy ustawić wartość określonej właściwości. W przypadku właściwości MODELU COM określenie tej flagi powiązania jest równoważne określeniu Ta flaga jest przekazywana do |
| Static | 8 | Określa, że statyczne elementy członkowskie mają być uwzględnione w wyszukiwaniu. |
| SuppressChangeType | 131072 | Nie zaimplementowano. |
Przykłady
W poniższym przykładzie pokazano wiele flag powiązań.
using namespace System;
using namespace System::Collections;
using namespace System::Reflection;
using namespace System::IO;
//namespace BindingFlagsSnippet {
public ref class TestClass
{
public:
String^ Name;
private:
array<Object^>^ values;
int methodCalled;
public:
property Object^ Item [int]
{
Object^ get( int index )
{
return values[ index ];
}
void set( int index, Object^ value )
{
values[ index ] = value;
}
}
property Object^ Value
{
Object^ get()
{
return "the value";
}
}
TestClass()
{
Name = "initialName";
values = gcnew array<Object^> {(int^)0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9};
methodCalled = 0;
}
TestClass(String^ initName)
{
Name = initName;
values = gcnew array<Object^> {(int^)0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9};
methodCalled = 0;
}
static void SayHello()
{
Console::WriteLine( "Hello" );
}
void AddUp()
{
methodCalled++;
Console::WriteLine( "AddUp Called {0} times", methodCalled );
}
static double ComputeSum( double d1, double d2 )
{
return d1 + d2;
}
static void PrintName( String^ firstName, String^ lastName )
{
Console::WriteLine( "{0},{1}", lastName, firstName );
}
void PrintTime()
{
Console::WriteLine( DateTime::Now );
}
void Swap( interior_ptr<int> a, interior_ptr<int> b )
{
int x = *a;
*a = *b;
*b = x;
}
};
[DefaultMemberAttribute("PrintTime")]
public ref class TestClass2
{
public:
void PrintTime()
{
Console::WriteLine( DateTime::Now );
}
};
public ref class Base
{
private:
static int BaseOnlyPrivate = 0;
protected:
static int BaseOnly = 0;
};
public ref class Derived : Base
{
public:
static int DerivedOnly = 0;
};
public ref class MostDerived : Derived {};
void main()
{
array<Object^>^ noArguments;
// BindingFlags::InvokeMethod
// Call a static method.
Type^ t = TestClass::typeid;
Console::WriteLine();
Console::WriteLine( "Invoking a static method." );
Console::WriteLine( "-------------------------" );
t->InvokeMember( "SayHello", BindingFlags::InvokeMethod | BindingFlags::Public | BindingFlags::Static,
nullptr, nullptr, noArguments );
// BindingFlags::InvokeMethod
// Call an instance method.
TestClass^ c = gcnew TestClass;
Console::WriteLine();
Console::WriteLine( "Invoking an instance method." );
Console::WriteLine( "----------------------------" );
c->GetType()->InvokeMember( "AddUp", BindingFlags::InvokeMethod, nullptr, c, noArguments );
c->GetType()->InvokeMember( "AddUp", BindingFlags::InvokeMethod, nullptr, c, noArguments );
// BindingFlags::InvokeMethod
// Call a method with parameters.
array<Object^>^args = {100.09,184.45};
Object^ result;
Console::WriteLine();
Console::WriteLine( "Invoking a method with parameters." );
Console::WriteLine( "---------------------------------" );
result = t->InvokeMember( "ComputeSum", BindingFlags::InvokeMethod, nullptr, nullptr, args );
Console::WriteLine( " {0} + {1} = {2}", args[ 0 ], args[ 1 ], result );
// BindingFlags::GetField, SetField
Console::WriteLine();
Console::WriteLine( "Invoking a field (getting and setting.)" );
Console::WriteLine( "--------------------------------------" );
// Get a field value.
result = t->InvokeMember( "Name", BindingFlags::GetField, nullptr, c, noArguments );
Console::WriteLine( "Name == {0}", result );
// Set a field.
array<Object^>^obj2 = {"NewName"};
t->InvokeMember( "Name", BindingFlags::SetField, nullptr, c, obj2 );
result = t->InvokeMember( "Name", BindingFlags::GetField, nullptr, c, noArguments );
Console::WriteLine( "Name == {0}", result );
Console::WriteLine();
Console::WriteLine( "Invoking an indexed property (getting and setting.)" );
Console::WriteLine( "--------------------------------------------------" );
// BindingFlags::GetProperty
// Get an indexed property value.
int index = 3;
array<Object^>^obj3 = {index};
result = t->InvokeMember( "Item", BindingFlags::GetProperty, nullptr, c, obj3 );
Console::WriteLine( "Item->Item[ {0}] == {1}", index, result );
// BindingFlags::SetProperty
// Set an indexed property value.
index = 3;
array<Object^>^obj4 = {index,"NewValue"};
t->InvokeMember( "Item", BindingFlags::SetProperty, nullptr, c, obj4 );
result = t->InvokeMember( "Item", BindingFlags::GetProperty, nullptr, c, obj3 );
Console::WriteLine( "Item->Item[ {0}] == {1}", index, result );
Console::WriteLine();
Console::WriteLine( "Getting a field or property." );
Console::WriteLine( "----------------------------" );
// BindingFlags::GetField
// Get a field or property.
result = t->InvokeMember( "Name", static_cast<BindingFlags>(BindingFlags::GetField |
BindingFlags::GetProperty), nullptr, c, noArguments );
Console::WriteLine( "Name == {0}", result );
// BindingFlags::GetProperty
result = t->InvokeMember( "Value", static_cast<BindingFlags>(BindingFlags::GetField |
BindingFlags::GetProperty), nullptr, c, noArguments );
Console::WriteLine( "Value == {0}", result );
Console::WriteLine();
Console::WriteLine( "Invoking a method with named parameters." );
Console::WriteLine( "---------------------------------------" );
// BindingFlags::InvokeMethod
// Call a method using named parameters.
array<Object^>^argValues = {"Mouse","Micky"};
array<String^>^argNames = {"lastName","firstName"};
t->InvokeMember( "PrintName", BindingFlags::InvokeMethod, nullptr, nullptr, argValues, nullptr,
nullptr, argNames );
Console::WriteLine();
Console::WriteLine( "Invoking a default member of a type." );
Console::WriteLine( "------------------------------------" );
// BindingFlags::Default
// Call the default member of a type.
Type^ t3 = TestClass2::typeid;
t3->InvokeMember( "", static_cast<BindingFlags>(BindingFlags::InvokeMethod | BindingFlags::Default),
nullptr, gcnew TestClass2, noArguments );
// BindingFlags::Static, NonPublic, and Public
// Invoking a member with ref parameters.
Console::WriteLine();
Console::WriteLine( "Invoking a method with ref parameters." );
Console::WriteLine( "--------------------------------------" );
MethodInfo^ m = t->GetMethod( "Swap" );
args = gcnew array<Object^>(2);
args[ 0 ] = 1;
args[ 1 ] = 2;
m->Invoke( gcnew TestClass, args );
Console::WriteLine( "{0}, {1}", args[ 0 ], args[ 1 ] );
// BindingFlags::CreateInstance
// Creating an instance with a parameterless constructor.
Console::WriteLine();
Console::WriteLine( "Creating an instance with a parameterless constructor." );
Console::WriteLine( "------------------------------------------------------" );
Object^ obj = t->InvokeMember( "TestClass", static_cast<BindingFlags>(BindingFlags::Public |
BindingFlags::Instance | BindingFlags::CreateInstance), nullptr, nullptr, noArguments );
Console::WriteLine("Instance of {0} created.", obj->GetType()->Name);
// Creating an instance with a constructor that has parameters.
Console::WriteLine();
Console::WriteLine( "Creating an instance with a constructor that has parameters." );
Console::WriteLine( "------------------------------------------------------------" );
obj = t->InvokeMember( "TestClass", static_cast<BindingFlags>(BindingFlags::Public |
BindingFlags::Instance | BindingFlags::CreateInstance), nullptr, nullptr,
gcnew array<Object^> { "Hello, World!" } );
Console::WriteLine("Instance of {0} created with initial value '{1}'.", obj->GetType()->Name,
obj->GetType()->InvokeMember("Name", BindingFlags::GetField, nullptr, obj, noArguments));
// BindingFlags::DeclaredOnly
Console::WriteLine();
Console::WriteLine( "DeclaredOnly instance members." );
Console::WriteLine( "------------------------------" );
array<System::Reflection::MemberInfo^>^memInfo = t->GetMembers( BindingFlags::DeclaredOnly |
BindingFlags::Instance | BindingFlags::Public);
for ( int i = 0; i < memInfo->Length; i++ )
{
Console::WriteLine( memInfo[ i ]->Name );
}
// BindingFlags::IgnoreCase
Console::WriteLine();
Console::WriteLine( "Using IgnoreCase and invoking the PrintName method." );
Console::WriteLine( "---------------------------------------------------" );
t->InvokeMember( "printname", static_cast<BindingFlags>(BindingFlags::IgnoreCase |
BindingFlags::Static | BindingFlags::Public | BindingFlags::InvokeMethod),
nullptr, nullptr, gcnew array<Object^> {"Brad","Smith"});
// BindingFlags::FlattenHierarchy
Console::WriteLine();
Console::WriteLine( "Using FlattenHierarchy to get inherited static protected and public members." );
Console::WriteLine( "----------------------------------------------------------------------------" );
array<FieldInfo^>^ finfos = MostDerived::typeid->GetFields(BindingFlags::NonPublic |
BindingFlags::Public | BindingFlags::Static | BindingFlags::FlattenHierarchy);
for each (FieldInfo^ finfo in finfos)
{
Console::WriteLine("{0} defined in {1}.", finfo->Name, finfo->DeclaringType->Name);
}
Console::WriteLine();
Console::WriteLine("Without FlattenHierarchy." );
Console::WriteLine("-------------------------");
finfos = MostDerived::typeid->GetFields(BindingFlags::NonPublic | BindingFlags::Public |
BindingFlags::Static);
for each (FieldInfo^ finfo in finfos)
{
Console::WriteLine("{0} defined in {1}.", finfo->Name, finfo->DeclaringType->Name);
}
};
/* This example produces output similar to the following:
Invoking a static method.
-------------------------
Hello
Invoking an instance method.
----------------------------
AddUp Called 1 times
AddUp Called 2 times
Invoking a method with parameters.
---------------------------------
100.09 + 184.45 = 284.54
Invoking a field (getting and setting.)
--------------------------------------
Name == initialName
Name == NewName
Invoking an indexed property (getting and setting.)
--------------------------------------------------
Item->Item[ 3] == 3
Item->Item[ 3] == NewValue
Getting a field or property.
----------------------------
Name == NewName
Value == the value
Invoking a method with named parameters.
---------------------------------------
Mouse,Micky
Invoking a default member of a type.
------------------------------------
12/23/2009 4:19:06 PM
Invoking a method with ref parameters.
--------------------------------------
2, 1
Creating an instance with a parameterless constructor.
------------------------------------------------------
Instance of TestClass created.
Creating an instance with a constructor that has parameters.
------------------------------------------------------------
Instance of TestClass created with initial value 'Hello, World!'.
DeclaredOnly instance members.
------------------------------
get_Item
set_Item
get_Value
AddUp
PrintTime
Swap
.ctor
.ctor
Value
Item
Name
methodCalled
Using IgnoreCase and invoking the PrintName method.
---------------------------------------------------
Smith,Brad
Using FlattenHierarchy to get inherited static protected and public members.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
DerivedOnly defined in Derived.
BaseOnly defined in Base.
Without FlattenHierarchy.
-------------------------
*/
using System;
using System.Reflection;
using System.IO;
namespace BindingFlagsSnippet
{
class Example
{
static void Main()
{
// BindingFlags.InvokeMethod
// Call a static method.
Type t = typeof (TestClass);
Console.WriteLine();
Console.WriteLine("Invoking a static method.");
Console.WriteLine("-------------------------");
t.InvokeMember ("SayHello", BindingFlags.InvokeMethod | BindingFlags.Public |
BindingFlags.Static, null, null, new object [] {});
// BindingFlags.InvokeMethod
// Call an instance method.
TestClass c = new TestClass ();
Console.WriteLine();
Console.WriteLine("Invoking an instance method.");
Console.WriteLine("----------------------------");
c.GetType().InvokeMember ("AddUp", BindingFlags.InvokeMethod, null, c, new object [] {});
c.GetType().InvokeMember ("AddUp", BindingFlags.InvokeMethod, null, c, new object [] {});
// BindingFlags.InvokeMethod
// Call a method with parameters.
object [] args = new object [] {100.09, 184.45};
object result;
Console.WriteLine();
Console.WriteLine("Invoking a method with parameters.");
Console.WriteLine("---------------------------------");
result = t.InvokeMember ("ComputeSum", BindingFlags.InvokeMethod, null, null, args);
Console.WriteLine ("{0} + {1} = {2}", args[0], args[1], result);
// BindingFlags.GetField, SetField
Console.WriteLine();
Console.WriteLine("Invoking a field (getting and setting.)");
Console.WriteLine("--------------------------------------");
// Get a field value.
result = t.InvokeMember ("Name", BindingFlags.GetField, null, c, new object [] {});
Console.WriteLine ("Name == {0}", result);
// Set a field.
t.InvokeMember ("Name", BindingFlags.SetField, null, c, new object [] {"NewName"});
result = t.InvokeMember ("Name", BindingFlags.GetField, null, c, new object [] {});
Console.WriteLine ("Name == {0}", result);
Console.WriteLine();
Console.WriteLine("Invoking an indexed property (getting and setting.)");
Console.WriteLine("--------------------------------------------------");
// BindingFlags.GetProperty
// Get an indexed property value.
int index = 3;
result = t.InvokeMember ("Item", BindingFlags.GetProperty, null, c, new object [] {index});
Console.WriteLine ("Item[{0}] == {1}", index, result);
// BindingFlags.SetProperty
// Set an indexed property value.
index = 3;
t.InvokeMember ("Item", BindingFlags.SetProperty, null, c, new object [] {index, "NewValue"});
result = t.InvokeMember ("Item", BindingFlags.GetProperty , null, c, new object [] {index});
Console.WriteLine ("Item[{0}] == {1}", index, result);
Console.WriteLine();
Console.WriteLine("Getting a field or property.");
Console.WriteLine("----------------------------");
// BindingFlags.GetField
// Get a field or property.
result = t.InvokeMember ("Name", BindingFlags.GetField | BindingFlags.GetProperty, null, c,
new object [] {});
Console.WriteLine ("Name == {0}", result);
// BindingFlags.GetProperty
result = t.InvokeMember ("Value", BindingFlags.GetField | BindingFlags.GetProperty, null, c,
new object [] {});
Console.WriteLine ("Value == {0}", result);
Console.WriteLine();
Console.WriteLine("Invoking a method with named parameters.");
Console.WriteLine("---------------------------------------");
// BindingFlags.InvokeMethod
// Call a method using named parameters.
object[] argValues = new object [] {"Mouse", "Micky"};
String [] argNames = new String [] {"lastName", "firstName"};
t.InvokeMember ("PrintName", BindingFlags.InvokeMethod, null, null, argValues, null, null,
argNames);
Console.WriteLine();
Console.WriteLine("Invoking a default member of a type.");
Console.WriteLine("------------------------------------");
// BindingFlags.Default
// Call the default member of a type.
Type t3 = typeof (TestClass2);
t3.InvokeMember ("", BindingFlags.InvokeMethod | BindingFlags.Default, null, new TestClass2(),
new object [] {});
// BindingFlags.Static, NonPublic, and Public
// Invoking a member with ref parameters.
Console.WriteLine();
Console.WriteLine("Invoking a method with ref parameters.");
Console.WriteLine("--------------------------------------");
MethodInfo m = t.GetMethod("Swap");
args = new object[2];
args[0] = 1;
args[1] = 2;
m.Invoke(new TestClass(),args);
Console.WriteLine ("{0}, {1}", args[0], args[1]);
// BindingFlags.CreateInstance
// Creating an instance with a parameterless constructor.
Console.WriteLine();
Console.WriteLine("Creating an instance with a parameterless constructor.");
Console.WriteLine("------------------------------------------------------");
object cobj = t.InvokeMember ("TestClass", BindingFlags.Public |
BindingFlags.Instance | BindingFlags.CreateInstance,
null, null, new object [] {});
Console.WriteLine("Instance of {0} created.", cobj.GetType().Name);
// Creating an instance with a constructor that has parameters.
Console.WriteLine();
Console.WriteLine("Creating an instance with a constructor that has parameters.");
Console.WriteLine("------------------------------------------------------------");
cobj = t.InvokeMember ("TestClass", BindingFlags.Public |
BindingFlags.Instance | BindingFlags.CreateInstance,
null, null, new object [] { "Hello, World!" });
Console.WriteLine("Instance of {0} created with initial value '{1}'.", cobj.GetType().Name,
cobj.GetType().InvokeMember("Name", BindingFlags.GetField, null, cobj, null));
// BindingFlags.DeclaredOnly
Console.WriteLine();
Console.WriteLine("DeclaredOnly instance members.");
Console.WriteLine("------------------------------");
System.Reflection.MemberInfo[] memInfo =
t.GetMembers(BindingFlags.DeclaredOnly | BindingFlags.Instance |
BindingFlags.Public);
for(int i=0;i<memInfo.Length;i++)
{
Console.WriteLine(memInfo[i].Name);
}
// BindingFlags.IgnoreCase
Console.WriteLine();
Console.WriteLine("Using IgnoreCase and invoking the PrintName method.");
Console.WriteLine("---------------------------------------------------");
t.InvokeMember("printname", BindingFlags.IgnoreCase | BindingFlags.Static |
BindingFlags.Public | BindingFlags.InvokeMethod, null, null, new object[]
{"Brad","Smith"});
// BindingFlags.FlattenHierarchy
Console.WriteLine();
Console.WriteLine("Using FlattenHierarchy to get inherited static protected and public members." );
Console.WriteLine("----------------------------------------------------------------------------");
FieldInfo[] finfos = typeof(MostDerived).GetFields(BindingFlags.NonPublic | BindingFlags.Public |
BindingFlags.Static | BindingFlags.FlattenHierarchy);
foreach (FieldInfo finfo in finfos)
{
Console.WriteLine("{0} defined in {1}.", finfo.Name, finfo.DeclaringType.Name);
}
Console.WriteLine();
Console.WriteLine("Without FlattenHierarchy." );
Console.WriteLine("-------------------------");
finfos = typeof(MostDerived).GetFields(BindingFlags.NonPublic | BindingFlags.Public |
BindingFlags.Static);
foreach (FieldInfo finfo in finfos)
{
Console.WriteLine("{0} defined in {1}.", finfo.Name, finfo.DeclaringType.Name);
}
}
}
public class TestClass
{
public String Name;
private Object [] values = new Object [] {0, 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9};
public Object this [int index]
{
get
{
return values[index];
}
set
{
values[index] = value;
}
}
public Object Value
{
get
{
return "the value";
}
}
public TestClass () : this("initialName") {}
public TestClass (string initName)
{
Name = initName;
}
int methodCalled = 0;
public static void SayHello ()
{
Console.WriteLine ("Hello");
}
public void AddUp ()
{
methodCalled++;
Console.WriteLine ("AddUp Called {0} times", methodCalled);
}
public static double ComputeSum (double d1, double d2)
{
return d1 + d2;
}
public static void PrintName (String firstName, String lastName)
{
Console.WriteLine ("{0},{1}", lastName,firstName);
}
public void PrintTime ()
{
Console.WriteLine (DateTime.Now);
}
public void Swap(ref int a, ref int b)
{
int x = a;
a = b;
b = x;
}
}
[DefaultMemberAttribute ("PrintTime")]
public class TestClass2
{
public void PrintTime ()
{
Console.WriteLine (DateTime.Now);
}
}
public class Base
{
static int BaseOnlyPrivate = 0;
protected static int BaseOnly = 0;
}
public class Derived : Base
{
public static int DerivedOnly = 0;
}
public class MostDerived : Derived {}
}
/* This example produces output similar to the following:
Invoking a static method.
-------------------------
Hello
Invoking an instance method.
----------------------------
AddUp Called 1 times
AddUp Called 2 times
Invoking a method with parameters.
---------------------------------
100.09 + 184.45 = 284.54
Invoking a field (getting and setting.)
--------------------------------------
Name == initialName
Name == NewName
Invoking an indexed property (getting and setting.)
--------------------------------------------------
Item[3] == 3
Item[3] == NewValue
Getting a field or property.
----------------------------
Name == NewName
Value == the value
Invoking a method with named parameters.
---------------------------------------
Mouse,Micky
Invoking a default member of a type.
------------------------------------
12/23/2009 4:29:21 PM
Invoking a method with ref parameters.
--------------------------------------
2, 1
Creating an instance with a parameterless constructor.
------------------------------------------------------
Instance of TestClass created.
Creating an instance with a constructor that has parameters.
------------------------------------------------------------
Instance of TestClass created with initial value 'Hello, World!'.
DeclaredOnly instance members.
------------------------------
get_Item
set_Item
get_Value
AddUp
PrintTime
Swap
.ctor
.ctor
Item
Value
Name
Using IgnoreCase and invoking the PrintName method.
---------------------------------------------------
Smith,Brad
Using FlattenHierarchy to get inherited static protected and public members.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
DerivedOnly defined in Derived.
BaseOnly defined in Base.
Without FlattenHierarchy.
-------------------------
*/
Imports System.Reflection
Imports System.IO
Class Invoke
Public Shared Sub Main()
' BindingFlags.InvokeMethod
' Call a static method.
Dim t As Type = GetType(TestClass)
Console.WriteLine()
Console.WriteLine("Invoking a static method.")
Console.WriteLine("-------------------------")
t.InvokeMember("SayHello", BindingFlags.InvokeMethod Or BindingFlags.Public _
Or BindingFlags.Static, Nothing, Nothing, New Object() {})
' BindingFlags.InvokeMethod
' Call an instance method.
Dim c As New TestClass()
Console.WriteLine()
Console.WriteLine("Invoking an instance method.")
Console.WriteLine("----------------------------")
c.GetType().InvokeMember("AddUp", BindingFlags.InvokeMethod, Nothing, c, New Object() {})
c.GetType().InvokeMember("AddUp", BindingFlags.InvokeMethod, Nothing, c, New Object() {})
' BindingFlags.InvokeMethod
' Call a method with parameters.
Dim args() As Object = {100.09, 184.45}
Dim result As Object
Console.WriteLine()
Console.WriteLine("Invoking a method with parameters.")
Console.WriteLine("---------------------------------")
result = t.InvokeMember("ComputeSum", BindingFlags.InvokeMethod, Nothing, Nothing, args)
Console.WriteLine("{0} + {1} = {2}", args(0), args(1), result)
' BindingFlags.GetField, SetField
Console.WriteLine()
Console.WriteLine("Invoking a field (getting and setting.)")
Console.WriteLine("--------------------------------------")
' Get a field value.
result = t.InvokeMember("Name", BindingFlags.GetField, Nothing, c, New Object() {})
Console.WriteLine("Name == {0}", result)
' Set a field.
t.InvokeMember("Name", BindingFlags.SetField, Nothing, c, New Object() {"NewName"})
result = t.InvokeMember("Name", BindingFlags.GetField, Nothing, c, New Object() {})
Console.WriteLine("Name == {0}", result)
Console.WriteLine()
Console.WriteLine("Invoking an indexed property (getting and setting.)")
Console.WriteLine("--------------------------------------------------")
' BindingFlags.GetProperty
' Get an indexed property value.
Dim index As Integer = 3
result = t.InvokeMember("Item", BindingFlags.GetProperty, Nothing, c, New Object() {index})
Console.WriteLine("Item[{0}] == {1}", index, result)
' BindingFlags.SetProperty
' Set an indexed property value.
index = 3
t.InvokeMember("Item", BindingFlags.SetProperty, Nothing, c, New Object() {index, "NewValue"})
result = t.InvokeMember("Item", BindingFlags.GetProperty, Nothing, c, New Object() {index})
Console.WriteLine("Item[{0}] == {1}", index, result)
Console.WriteLine()
Console.WriteLine("Getting a field or property.")
Console.WriteLine("----------------------------")
' BindingFlags.GetField
' Get a field or property.
result = t.InvokeMember("Name", BindingFlags.GetField Or BindingFlags.GetProperty, Nothing, _
c, New Object() {})
Console.WriteLine("Name == {0}", result)
' BindingFlags.GetProperty
result = t.InvokeMember("Value", BindingFlags.GetField Or BindingFlags.GetProperty, Nothing, _
c, New Object() {})
Console.WriteLine("Value == {0}", result)
Console.WriteLine()
Console.WriteLine("Invoking a method with named parameters.")
Console.WriteLine("---------------------------------------")
' BindingFlags.InvokeMethod
' Call a method using named parameters.
Dim argValues() As Object = {"Mouse", "Micky"}
Dim argNames() As [String] = {"lastName", "firstName"}
t.InvokeMember("PrintName", BindingFlags.InvokeMethod, Nothing, Nothing, argValues, Nothing, _
Nothing, argNames)
Console.WriteLine()
Console.WriteLine("Invoking a default member of a type.")
Console.WriteLine("------------------------------------")
' BindingFlags.Default
' Call the default member of a type.
Dim t3 As Type = GetType(TestClass2)
t3.InvokeMember("", BindingFlags.InvokeMethod Or BindingFlags.Default, Nothing, _
New TestClass2(), New Object() {})
Console.WriteLine()
Console.WriteLine("Invoking a method with ByRef parameters.")
Console.WriteLine("----------------------------------------")
' BindingFlags.Static, NonPublic, and Public
' Invoking a member by reference.
Dim m As MethodInfo = t.GetMethod("Swap")
args = New Object(1) {}
args(0) = 1
args(1) = 2
m.Invoke(New TestClass(), args)
Console.WriteLine("{0}, {1}", args(0), args(1))
' BindingFlags.CreateInstance
' Creating an instance.
Console.WriteLine()
Console.WriteLine("Creating an instance with parameterless constructor.")
Console.WriteLine("----------------------------------------------------")
Dim obj As Object = GetType(TestClass).InvokeMember("TestClass", BindingFlags.CreateInstance, _
Nothing, Nothing, New Object() {})
Console.WriteLine("Instance of {0} created.", obj.GetType().Name)
Console.WriteLine()
Console.WriteLine("Creating an instance with a constructor that has parameters.")
Console.WriteLine("------------------------------------------------------------")
obj = GetType(TestClass).InvokeMember("TestClass", BindingFlags.CreateInstance, Nothing, _
Nothing, New Object() { "Hello, World!" })
Console.WriteLine("Instance of {0} created with initial value '{1}'.", obj.GetType().Name, _
obj.GetType().InvokeMember("Name", BindingFlags.GetField, Nothing, obj, Nothing))
' BindingFlags.DeclaredOnly
Console.WriteLine()
Console.WriteLine("DeclaredOnly instance members.")
Console.WriteLine("------------------------------")
Dim memInfo As System.Reflection.MemberInfo() = t.GetMembers(BindingFlags.DeclaredOnly Or _
BindingFlags.Public Or BindingFlags.Instance)
Dim i As Integer
For i = 0 To memInfo.Length - 1
Console.WriteLine(memInfo(i).Name)
Next i
' BindingFlags.IgnoreCase
Console.WriteLine()
Console.WriteLine("Using IgnoreCase and invoking the PrintName method.")
Console.WriteLine("---------------------------------------------------")
t.InvokeMember("printname", BindingFlags.IgnoreCase Or BindingFlags.Public Or _
BindingFlags.Static Or BindingFlags.InvokeMethod, Nothing, Nothing, _
New Object() {"Brad", "Smith"})
' BindingFlags.FlattenHierarchy
Console.WriteLine()
Console.WriteLine("Using FlattenHierarchy to get inherited static protected and public members." )
Console.WriteLine("----------------------------------------------------------------------------")
Dim finfos() As FieldInfo = GetType(MostDerived).GetFields(BindingFlags.NonPublic Or _
BindingFlags.Public Or BindingFlags.Static Or BindingFlags.FlattenHierarchy)
For Each finfo As FieldInfo In finfos
Console.WriteLine("{0} defined in {1}.", finfo.Name, finfo.DeclaringType.Name)
Next
Console.WriteLine()
Console.WriteLine("Without FlattenHierarchy." )
Console.WriteLine("-------------------------")
finfos = GetType(MostDerived).GetFields(BindingFlags.NonPublic Or BindingFlags.Public Or _
BindingFlags.Static)
For Each finfo As FieldInfo In finfos
Console.WriteLine("{0} defined in {1}.", finfo.Name, finfo.DeclaringType.Name)
Next
End Sub
End Class
Public Class TestClass
Public Name As String
Private values() As [Object] = {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}
Default Public Property Item(ByVal index As Integer) As [Object]
Get
Return values(index)
End Get
Set(ByVal Value As [Object])
values(index) = Value
End Set
End Property
Public ReadOnly Property Value() As [Object]
Get
Return "the value"
End Get
End Property
Public Sub New(ByVal initName As String)
Name = initName
End Sub
Public Sub New()
MyClass.New("initialName")
End Sub
Private methodCalled As Integer = 0
Public Shared Sub SayHello()
Console.WriteLine("Hello")
End Sub
Public Sub AddUp()
methodCalled += 1
Console.WriteLine("AddUp Called {0} times", methodCalled)
End Sub
Public Shared Function ComputeSum(ByVal d1 As Double, ByVal d2 As Double) As Double
Return d1 + d2
End Function
Public Shared Sub PrintName(ByVal firstName As [String], ByVal lastName As [String])
Console.WriteLine("{0},{1}", lastName, firstName)
End Sub
Public Sub PrintTime()
Console.WriteLine(DateTime.Now)
End Sub
Public Sub Swap(ByRef a As Integer, ByRef b As Integer)
Dim x As Integer = a
a = b
b = x
End Sub
End Class
<DefaultMemberAttribute("PrintTime")> _
Public Class TestClass2
Public Sub PrintTime()
Console.WriteLine(DateTime.Now)
End Sub
End Class
Public Class Base
Shared BaseOnlyPrivate As Integer = 0
Protected Shared BaseOnly As Integer = 0
End Class
Public Class Derived
Inherits Base
Public Shared DerivedOnly As Integer = 0
End Class
Public Class MostDerived
Inherits Derived
End Class
' This example produces output similar to the following:
'
'Invoking a static method.
'-------------------------
'Hello
'
'Invoking an instance method.
'----------------------------
'AddUp Called 1 times
'AddUp Called 2 times
'
'Invoking a method with parameters.
'---------------------------------
'100.09 + 184.45 = 284.54
'
'Invoking a field (getting and setting.)
'--------------------------------------
'Name == initialName
'Name == NewName
'
'Invoking an indexed property (getting and setting.)
'--------------------------------------------------
'Item[3] == 3
'Item[3] == NewValue
'
'Getting a field or property.
'----------------------------
'Name == NewName
'Value == the value
'
'Invoking a method with named parameters.
'---------------------------------------
'Mouse,Micky
'
'Invoking a default member of a type.
'------------------------------------
'12/23/2009 4:34:22 PM
'
'Invoking a method with ByRef parameters.
'----------------------------------------
'2, 1
'
'Creating an instance with parameterless constructor.
'----------------------------------------------------
'Instance of TestClass created.
'
'Creating an instance with a constructor that has parameters.
'------------------------------------------------------------
'Instance of TestClass created with initial value 'Hello, World!'.
'
'DeclaredOnly instance members.
'------------------------------
'get_Item
'set_Item
'get_Value
'AddUp
'PrintTime
'Swap
'.ctor
'.ctor
'Item
'Value
'Name
'
'Using IgnoreCase and invoking the PrintName method.
'---------------------------------------------------
'Smith,Brad
'
'Using FlattenHierarchy to get inherited static protected and public members.
'----------------------------------------------------------------------------
'DerivedOnly defined in Derived.
'BaseOnly defined in Base.
'
'Without FlattenHierarchy.
'-------------------------
'
Uwagi
To BindingFlags powiązanie kontrolki dla wielu klas w Systemprzestrzeniach nazw , System.Reflectioni System.Runtime , które wywołują, tworzą, pobierają, ustawiają i znajdują elementy członkowskie i typy.
BindingFlags są używane w następujących Type metodach i innych miejscach, takich jak MethodBase.Invoke:
InvokeMember i GetMethod są szczególnie ważne.
Flagi powiązań można podzielić na kategorie, identyfikując element członkowski typu, zgodnie z opisem w poniższej tabeli.
| Zidentyfikowane przez ułatwienia dostępu | Zidentyfikowane przez argument powiązania | Zidentyfikowane przez operację |
|---|---|---|
| ZadeklarowaneOnly FlattenHierarchy IgnoreCase IgnorujWróć Wystąpienie Niepublicznych Publiczne Static |
ExactBinding OpcjonalnieParamBinding |
Createinstance GetField Setfield Getproperty SetProperty InvokeMethod PutDispProperty PutRefDispProperty |
Uwaga
Musisz określić Instance lub Static wraz z elementami Public lub NonPublic albo nie zostaną zwrócone żadne elementy członkowskie.
W poniższej tabeli wymieniono przymusy wykonywane domyślnie Binder.ChangeType. Ta tabela dotyczy szczególnie flagi BindingFlags.ExactBinding powiązania. Ogólna zasada polega na tym, że ChangeType powinny wykonywać tylko rozszerzające się przymusy, które nigdy nie tracą danych. Przykładem rozszerzenia przymusu jest wymuszanie wartości, która jest 32-bitową liczbą całkowitą podpisaną do wartości, która jest 64-bitową liczbą całkowitą ze znakiem. Różni się to od zawężającego przymusu, co może utracić dane. Przykładem zawężania przymusu jest wymuszanie 64-bitowej liczby całkowitej ze znakiem 32-bitowym.
| Typ źródła | Typ docelowy |
|---|---|
| Dowolny typ | Jego typ podstawowy. |
| Dowolny typ | Interfejs, który implementuje. |
Char |
UInt16, UInt32, Int32, UInt64, Int64, Single, Double |
Byte |
Char, UInt16, Int16, UInt32, Int32, UInt64, Int64, Single, Double |
SByte |
Int16, Int32, Int64, Single, Double |
UInt16 |
UInt32, Int32, UInt64, Int64, Single, Double |
Int16 |
Int32, Int64, Single, Double |
UInt32 |
UInt64, Int64, Single, Double |
Int32 |
Int64, Single, Double |
UInt64 |
Single, Double |
Int64 |
Single, Double |
Single |
Double |
| Brak odwołania | Według odwołania. |
Gdy jest używana flaga BindingFlags.ExactBinding powiązania, odbicia modeluje reguły ułatwień dostępu wspólnego systemu typów. Jeśli na przykład obiekt wywołujący znajduje się w tym samym zestawie, obiekt wywołujący nie potrzebuje specjalnych uprawnień dla wewnętrznych elementów członkowskich. W przeciwnym razie obiekt wywołujący musi .ReflectionPermission Jest to zgodne z wyszukiwaniem elementów członkowskich, które są chronione, prywatne itd.
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