Instrukcje: Używanie osobnych certyfikatów X.509 do podpisywania i szyfrowania
W tym temacie przedstawiono sposób konfigurowania programu Windows Communication Foundation (WCF) pod kątem używania różnych certyfikatów do podpisywania i szyfrowania komunikatów zarówno na kliencie, jak i w usłudze.
Aby umożliwić użycie oddzielnych certyfikatów do podpisywania i szyfrowania, należy utworzyć niestandardowe poświadczenia klienta lub usługi (lub oba te elementy), ponieważ program WCF nie udostępnia interfejsu API do ustawiania wielu certyfikatów klienta lub usługi. Ponadto należy podać menedżera tokenów zabezpieczających, aby wykorzystać informacje o wielu certyfikatach i utworzyć odpowiedniego dostawcę tokenu zabezpieczającego dla określonego użycia klucza i kierunku komunikatu.
Na poniższym diagramie przedstawiono używane klasy główne, klasy dziedziczone z (pokazane przez strzałkę skierowaną w górę) oraz zwracane typy niektórych metod i właściwości.
MyClientCredentials
to niestandardowa implementacja .ClientCredentialsJego właściwości pokazane na diagramie wszystkie zwracane wystąpienia klasy X509Certificate2.
CreateSecurityTokenManager Metoda zwraca wystąpienie
MyClientCredentialsSecurityTokenManager
klasy .
MyClientCredentialsSecurityTokenManager
to niestandardowa implementacja .ClientCredentialsSecurityTokenManager- CreateSecurityTokenProvider Metoda zwraca wystąpienie X509SecurityTokenProviderklasy .
Aby uzyskać więcej informacji na temat poświadczeń niestandardowych, zobacz Przewodnik: tworzenie niestandardowych poświadczeń klienta i usługi.
Ponadto należy utworzyć niestandardowy weryfikator tożsamości i połączyć go z elementem powiązania zabezpieczeń w powiązaniu niestandardowym. Należy również użyć poświadczeń niestandardowych zamiast poświadczeń domyślnych.
Na poniższym diagramie przedstawiono klasy biorące udział w powiązaniu niestandardowym oraz sposób powiązania niestandardowego weryfikatora tożsamości. Istnieje kilka elementów powiązania, z których wszystkie dziedziczą z BindingElementklasy . Właściwość AsymmetricSecurityBindingElement ma LocalClientSecuritySettings właściwość , która zwraca wystąpienie IdentityVerifierklasy , z którego MyIdentityVerifier
jest dostosowywane.
Aby uzyskać więcej informacji na temat tworzenia niestandardowego weryfikatora tożsamości, zobacz Instrukcje: tworzenie niestandardowego weryfikatora tożsamości klienta.
Aby używać oddzielnych certyfikatów do podpisywania i szyfrowania
Zdefiniuj nową klasę poświadczeń klienta dziedziczą z ClientCredentials klasy . Zaimplementuj cztery nowe właściwości, aby zezwolić na wiele specyfikacji certyfikatów:
ClientSigningCertificate
, ,ClientEncryptingCertificate
ServiceSigningCertificate
iServiceEncryptingCertificate
. Należy również zastąpić metodę CreateSecurityTokenManager , aby zwrócić wystąpienie dostosowanej ClientCredentialsSecurityTokenManager klasy zdefiniowanej w następnym kroku.public class MyClientCredentials : ClientCredentials { X509Certificate2 clientSigningCert; X509Certificate2 clientEncryptingCert; X509Certificate2 serviceSigningCert; X509Certificate2 serviceEncryptingCert; public MyClientCredentials() { } protected MyClientCredentials(MyClientCredentials other) : base(other) { this.clientEncryptingCert = other.clientEncryptingCert; this.clientSigningCert = other.clientSigningCert; this.serviceEncryptingCert = other.serviceEncryptingCert; this.serviceSigningCert = other.serviceSigningCert; } public X509Certificate2 ClientSigningCertificate { get { return this.clientSigningCert; } set { this.clientSigningCert = value; } } public X509Certificate2 ClientEncryptingCertificate { get { return this.clientEncryptingCert; } set { this.clientEncryptingCert = value; } } public X509Certificate2 ServiceSigningCertificate { get { return this.serviceSigningCert; } set { this.serviceSigningCert = value; } } public X509Certificate2 ServiceEncryptingCertificate { get { return this.serviceEncryptingCert; } set { this.serviceEncryptingCert = value; } } public override SecurityTokenManager CreateSecurityTokenManager() { return new MyClientCredentialsSecurityTokenManager(this); } protected override ClientCredentials CloneCore() { return new MyClientCredentials(this); } }
Public Class MyClientCredentials Inherits ClientCredentials Private clientSigningCert As X509Certificate2 Private clientEncryptingCert As X509Certificate2 Private serviceSigningCert As X509Certificate2 Private serviceEncryptingCert As X509Certificate2 Public Sub New() End Sub Protected Sub New(ByVal other As MyClientCredentials) MyBase.New(other) Me.clientEncryptingCert = other.clientEncryptingCert Me.clientSigningCert = other.clientSigningCert Me.serviceEncryptingCert = other.serviceEncryptingCert Me.serviceSigningCert = other.serviceSigningCert End Sub Public Property ClientSigningCertificate() As X509Certificate2 Get Return Me.clientSigningCert End Get Set(ByVal value As X509Certificate2) Me.clientSigningCert = value End Set End Property Public Property ClientEncryptingCertificate() As X509Certificate2 Get Return Me.clientEncryptingCert End Get Set(ByVal value As X509Certificate2) Me.clientEncryptingCert = value End Set End Property Public Property ServiceSigningCertificate() As X509Certificate2 Get Return Me.serviceSigningCert End Get Set(ByVal value As X509Certificate2) Me.serviceSigningCert = value End Set End Property Public Property ServiceEncryptingCertificate() As X509Certificate2 Get Return Me.serviceEncryptingCert End Get Set(ByVal value As X509Certificate2) Me.serviceEncryptingCert = value End Set End Property Public Overrides Function CreateSecurityTokenManager() As SecurityTokenManager Return New MyClientCredentialsSecurityTokenManager(Me) End Function Protected Overrides Function CloneCore() As ClientCredentials Return New MyClientCredentials(Me) End Function End Class
Zdefiniuj nowego menedżera tokenów zabezpieczających klienta dziedziczonego ClientCredentialsSecurityTokenManager z klasy. Zastąp metodę CreateSecurityTokenProvider , aby utworzyć odpowiedniego dostawcę tokenu zabezpieczającego. Parametr
requirement
(a SecurityTokenRequirement) zapewnia kierunek komunikatu i użycie klucza.internal class MyClientCredentialsSecurityTokenManager : ClientCredentialsSecurityTokenManager { MyClientCredentials credentials; public MyClientCredentialsSecurityTokenManager( MyClientCredentials credentials): base(credentials) { this.credentials = credentials; } public override SecurityTokenProvider CreateSecurityTokenProvider( SecurityTokenRequirement requirement) { SecurityTokenProvider result = null; if (requirement.TokenType == SecurityTokenTypes.X509Certificate) { MessageDirection direction = requirement.GetProperty <MessageDirection>(ServiceModelSecurityTokenRequirement. MessageDirectionProperty); if (direction == MessageDirection.Output) { if (requirement.KeyUsage == SecurityKeyUsage.Signature) { result = new X509SecurityTokenProvider( this.credentials.ClientSigningCertificate); } else { result = new X509SecurityTokenProvider(this.credentials. ServiceEncryptingCertificate); } } else { if (requirement.KeyUsage == SecurityKeyUsage.Signature) { result = new X509SecurityTokenProvider(this. credentials.ServiceSigningCertificate); } else { result = new X509SecurityTokenProvider(credentials. ClientEncryptingCertificate); } } } else { result = base.CreateSecurityTokenProvider(requirement); } return result; } public override SecurityTokenAuthenticator CreateSecurityTokenAuthenticator(SecurityTokenRequirement tokenRequirement, out SecurityTokenResolver outOfBandTokenResolver) { return base.CreateSecurityTokenAuthenticator(tokenRequirement, out outOfBandTokenResolver); } }
Friend Class MyClientCredentialsSecurityTokenManager Inherits ClientCredentialsSecurityTokenManager Private credentials As MyClientCredentials Public Sub New(ByVal credentials As MyClientCredentials) MyBase.New(credentials) Me.credentials = credentials End Sub Public Overrides Function CreateSecurityTokenProvider(ByVal requirement As SecurityTokenRequirement) As SecurityTokenProvider Dim result As SecurityTokenProvider = Nothing If requirement.TokenType = SecurityTokenTypes.X509Certificate Then Dim direction = requirement.GetProperty(Of MessageDirection)(ServiceModelSecurityTokenRequirement.MessageDirectionProperty) If direction = MessageDirection.Output Then If requirement.KeyUsage = SecurityKeyUsage.Signature Then result = New X509SecurityTokenProvider(Me.credentials.ClientSigningCertificate) Else result = New X509SecurityTokenProvider(Me.credentials.ServiceEncryptingCertificate) End If Else If requirement.KeyUsage = SecurityKeyUsage.Signature Then result = New X509SecurityTokenProvider(Me.credentials.ServiceSigningCertificate) Else result = New X509SecurityTokenProvider(credentials.ClientEncryptingCertificate) End If End If Else result = MyBase.CreateSecurityTokenProvider(requirement) End If Return result End Function Public Overrides Function CreateSecurityTokenAuthenticator(ByVal tokenRequirement As SecurityTokenRequirement, _ <System.Runtime.InteropServices.Out()> ByRef outOfBandTokenResolver As SecurityTokenResolver) As SecurityTokenAuthenticator Return MyBase.CreateSecurityTokenAuthenticator(tokenRequirement, _ outOfBandTokenResolver) End Function End Class
Zdefiniuj nową klasę poświadczeń usługi dziedziczą z ServiceCredentials klasy . Zaimplementuj cztery nowe właściwości, aby zezwolić na wiele specyfikacji certyfikatów:
ClientSigningCertificate
, ,ClientEncryptingCertificate
ServiceSigningCertificate
iServiceEncryptingCertificate
. Należy również zastąpić metodę CreateSecurityTokenManager , aby zwrócić wystąpienie dostosowanej ServiceCredentialsSecurityTokenManager klasy zdefiniowanej w następnym kroku.public class MyServiceCredentials : ServiceCredentials { X509Certificate2 clientSigningCert; X509Certificate2 clientEncryptingCert; X509Certificate2 serviceSigningCert; X509Certificate2 serviceEncryptingCert; public MyServiceCredentials() { } protected MyServiceCredentials(MyServiceCredentials other) : base(other) { this.clientEncryptingCert = other.clientEncryptingCert; this.clientSigningCert = other.clientSigningCert; this.serviceEncryptingCert = other.serviceEncryptingCert; this.serviceSigningCert = other.serviceSigningCert; } public X509Certificate2 ClientSigningCertificate { get { return this.clientSigningCert; } set { this.clientSigningCert = value; } } public X509Certificate2 ClientEncryptingCertificate { get { return this.clientEncryptingCert; } set { this.clientEncryptingCert = value; } } public X509Certificate2 ServiceSigningCertificate { get { return this.serviceSigningCert; } set { this.serviceSigningCert = value; } } public X509Certificate2 ServiceEncryptingCertificate { get { return this.serviceEncryptingCert; } set { this.serviceEncryptingCert = value; } } public override SecurityTokenManager CreateSecurityTokenManager() { return new MyServiceCredentialsSecurityTokenManager(this); } protected override ServiceCredentials CloneCore() { return new MyServiceCredentials(this); } }
Public Class MyServiceCredentials Inherits ServiceCredentials Private clientSigningCert As X509Certificate2 Private clientEncryptingCert As X509Certificate2 Private serviceSigningCert As X509Certificate2 Private serviceEncryptingCert As X509Certificate2 Public Sub New() End Sub Protected Sub New(ByVal other As MyServiceCredentials) MyBase.New(other) Me.clientEncryptingCert = other.clientEncryptingCert Me.clientSigningCert = other.clientSigningCert Me.serviceEncryptingCert = other.serviceEncryptingCert Me.serviceSigningCert = other.serviceSigningCert End Sub Public Property ClientSigningCertificate() As X509Certificate2 Get Return Me.clientSigningCert End Get Set(ByVal value As X509Certificate2) Me.clientSigningCert = value End Set End Property Public Property ClientEncryptingCertificate() As X509Certificate2 Get Return Me.clientEncryptingCert End Get Set(ByVal value As X509Certificate2) Me.clientEncryptingCert = value End Set End Property Public Property ServiceSigningCertificate() As X509Certificate2 Get Return Me.serviceSigningCert End Get Set(ByVal value As X509Certificate2) Me.serviceSigningCert = value End Set End Property Public Property ServiceEncryptingCertificate() As X509Certificate2 Get Return Me.serviceEncryptingCert End Get Set(ByVal value As X509Certificate2) Me.serviceEncryptingCert = value End Set End Property Public Overrides Function CreateSecurityTokenManager() As SecurityTokenManager Return New MyServiceCredentialsSecurityTokenManager(Me) End Function Protected Overrides Function CloneCore() As ServiceCredentials Return New MyServiceCredentials(Me) End Function End Class
Zdefiniuj nowy menedżer tokenów zabezpieczających usługi, który dziedziczy z ServiceCredentialsSecurityTokenManager klasy. Zastąp metodę CreateSecurityTokenProvider , aby utworzyć odpowiedniego dostawcę tokenu zabezpieczającego, biorąc pod uwagę kierunek przekazywania komunikatów i użycie klucza.
internal class MyServiceCredentialsSecurityTokenManager : ServiceCredentialsSecurityTokenManager { MyServiceCredentials credentials; public MyServiceCredentialsSecurityTokenManager( MyServiceCredentials credentials) : base(credentials) { this.credentials = credentials; } public override SecurityTokenProvider CreateSecurityTokenProvider( SecurityTokenRequirement requirement) { SecurityTokenProvider result = null; if (requirement.TokenType == SecurityTokenTypes.X509Certificate) { MessageDirection direction = requirement. GetProperty<MessageDirection>( ServiceModelSecurityTokenRequirement. MessageDirectionProperty); if (direction == MessageDirection.Input) { if (requirement.KeyUsage == SecurityKeyUsage.Exchange) { result = new X509SecurityTokenProvider( credentials.ServiceEncryptingCertificate); } else { result = new X509SecurityTokenProvider( credentials.ClientSigningCertificate); } } else { if (requirement.KeyUsage == SecurityKeyUsage.Signature) { result = new X509SecurityTokenProvider( credentials.ServiceSigningCertificate); } else { result = new X509SecurityTokenProvider( credentials.ClientEncryptingCertificate); } } } else { result = base.CreateSecurityTokenProvider(requirement); } return result; } }
Friend Class MyServiceCredentialsSecurityTokenManager Inherits ServiceCredentialsSecurityTokenManager Private credentials As MyServiceCredentials Public Sub New(ByVal credentials As MyServiceCredentials) MyBase.New(credentials) Me.credentials = credentials End Sub Public Overrides Function CreateSecurityTokenProvider(ByVal requirement As SecurityTokenRequirement) As SecurityTokenProvider Dim result As SecurityTokenProvider = Nothing If requirement.TokenType = SecurityTokenTypes.X509Certificate Then Dim direction = requirement.GetProperty(Of MessageDirection)(ServiceModelSecurityTokenRequirement.MessageDirectionProperty) If direction = MessageDirection.Input Then If requirement.KeyUsage = SecurityKeyUsage.Exchange Then result = New X509SecurityTokenProvider(credentials.ServiceEncryptingCertificate) Else result = New X509SecurityTokenProvider(credentials.ClientSigningCertificate) End If Else If requirement.KeyUsage = SecurityKeyUsage.Signature Then result = New X509SecurityTokenProvider(credentials.ServiceSigningCertificate) Else result = New X509SecurityTokenProvider(credentials.ClientEncryptingCertificate) End If End If Else result = MyBase.CreateSecurityTokenProvider(requirement) End If Return result End Function End Class
Aby użyć wielu certyfikatów na kliencie
Utwórz powiązanie niestandardowe. Element powiązania zabezpieczeń musi działać w trybie dwukierunkowym, aby umożliwić różnym dostawcom tokenów zabezpieczających obecność żądań i odpowiedzi. Jednym ze sposobów jest użycie transportu dwukierunkowego lub użycie obiektu CompositeDuplexBindingElement , jak pokazano w poniższym kodzie. Połącz dostosowany IdentityVerifier element zdefiniowany w następnym kroku z elementem powiązania zabezpieczeń. Zastąp domyślne poświadczenia klienta utworzonymi wcześniej niestandardowymi poświadczeniami klienta.
EndpointAddress serviceEndpoint = new EndpointAddress(new Uri("http://localhost:6060/service")); CustomBinding binding = new CustomBinding(); AsymmetricSecurityBindingElement securityBE = SecurityBindingElement.CreateMutualCertificateDuplexBindingElement( MessageSecurityVersion. WSSecurity10WSTrustFebruary2005WSSecureConversationFebruary2005WSSecurityPolicy11BasicSecurityProfile10); // Add a custom IdentityVerifier because the service uses two certificates // (one for signing and one for encryption) and an endpoint identity that // contains a single identity claim. securityBE.LocalClientSettings.IdentityVerifier = new MyIdentityVerifier(); binding.Elements.Add(securityBE); CompositeDuplexBindingElement compositeDuplex = new CompositeDuplexBindingElement(); compositeDuplex.ClientBaseAddress = new Uri("http://localhost:6061/client"); binding.Elements.Add(compositeDuplex); binding.Elements.Add(new OneWayBindingElement()); binding.Elements.Add(new HttpTransportBindingElement()); using (ChannelFactory<IMyServiceChannel> factory = new ChannelFactory<IMyServiceChannel>(binding, serviceEndpoint)) { MyClientCredentials credentials = new MyClientCredentials(); SetupCertificates(credentials); factory.Endpoint.Behaviors.Remove(typeof(ClientCredentials)); factory.Endpoint.Behaviors.Add(credentials); IMyServiceChannel channel = factory.CreateChannel(); Console.WriteLine(channel.Hello("world")); channel.Close(); }
Dim serviceEndpoint As New EndpointAddress(New Uri("http://localhost:6060/service")) Dim binding As New CustomBinding() Dim securityBE = SecurityBindingElement.CreateMutualCertificateDuplexBindingElement(MessageSecurityVersion.WSSecurity10WSTrustFebruary2005WSSecureConversationFebruary2005WSSecurityPolicy11BasicSecurityProfile10) ' Add a custom IdentityVerifier because the service uses two certificates ' (one for signing and one for encryption) and an endpoint identity that ' contains a single identity claim. securityBE.LocalClientSettings.IdentityVerifier = New MyIdentityVerifier() binding.Elements.Add(securityBE) Dim compositeDuplex As New CompositeDuplexBindingElement() compositeDuplex.ClientBaseAddress = New Uri("http://localhost:6061/client") With binding.Elements .Add(compositeDuplex) .Add(New OneWayBindingElement()) .Add(New HttpTransportBindingElement()) End With Using factory As New ChannelFactory(Of IMyServiceChannel)(binding, serviceEndpoint) Dim credentials As New MyClientCredentials() SetupCertificates(credentials) With factory.Endpoint.Behaviors .Remove(GetType(ClientCredentials)) .Add(credentials) End With Dim channel = factory.CreateChannel() Console.WriteLine(channel.Hello("world")) channel.Close() End Using
Zdefiniuj niestandardowy IdentityVerifierelement . Usługa ma wiele tożsamości, ponieważ różne certyfikaty są używane do szyfrowania żądania i podpisywania odpowiedzi.
Uwaga
W poniższym przykładzie podany niestandardowy weryfikator tożsamości nie przeprowadza sprawdzania tożsamości punktu końcowego w celach demonstracyjnych. Nie jest to zalecane rozwiązanie w przypadku kodu produkcyjnego.
class MyIdentityVerifier : IdentityVerifier { IdentityVerifier defaultVerifier; public MyIdentityVerifier() { this.defaultVerifier = IdentityVerifier.CreateDefault(); } public override bool CheckAccess(EndpointIdentity identity, AuthorizationContext authContext) { // The following implementation is for demonstration only, and // does not perform any checks regarding EndpointIdentity. // Do not use this for production code. return true; } public override bool TryGetIdentity(EndpointAddress reference, out EndpointIdentity identity) { return this.defaultVerifier.TryGetIdentity(reference, out identity); } }
Friend Class MyIdentityVerifier Inherits IdentityVerifier Private defaultVerifier As IdentityVerifier Public Sub New() Me.defaultVerifier = IdentityVerifier.CreateDefault() End Sub Public Overrides Function CheckAccess(ByVal identity As EndpointIdentity, ByVal authContext As AuthorizationContext) As Boolean ' The following implementation is for demonstration only, and ' does not perform any checks regarding EndpointIdentity. ' Do not use this for production code. Return True End Function Public Overrides Function TryGetIdentity(ByVal reference As EndpointAddress, <System.Runtime.InteropServices.Out()> ByRef identity As EndpointIdentity) As Boolean Return Me.defaultVerifier.TryGetIdentity(reference, identity) End Function End Class
Aby użyć wielu certyfikatów w usłudze
Utwórz powiązanie niestandardowe. Element powiązania zabezpieczeń musi działać w trybie dwukierunkowym, aby umożliwić różnym dostawcom tokenów zabezpieczających obecność żądań i odpowiedzi. Podobnie jak w przypadku klienta, należy użyć transportu dwukierunkowego lub użyć CompositeDuplexBindingElement , jak pokazano w poniższym kodzie. Zastąp domyślne poświadczenia usługi utworzonymi wcześniej niestandardowymi poświadczeniami usługi.
Uri serviceEndpoint = new Uri("http://localhost:6060/service"); using (ServiceHost host = new ServiceHost(typeof(Service), serviceEndpoint)) { CustomBinding binding = new CustomBinding(); binding.Elements.Add(SecurityBindingElement. CreateMutualCertificateDuplexBindingElement( MessageSecurityVersion.WSSecurity10WSTrustFebruary2005WSSecureConversationFebruary2005WSSecurityPolicy11BasicSecurityProfile10)); binding.Elements.Add(new CompositeDuplexBindingElement()); binding.Elements.Add(new OneWayBindingElement()); binding.Elements.Add(new HttpTransportBindingElement()); MyServiceCredentials credentials = new MyServiceCredentials(); SetupCertificates(credentials); host.Description.Behaviors.Remove(typeof(ServiceCredentials)); host.Description.Behaviors.Add(credentials); ServiceEndpoint endpoint = host.AddServiceEndpoint( typeof(IMyService), binding, ""); host.Open(); Console.WriteLine("Service started, press ENTER to stop..."); Console.ReadLine(); }
Dim serviceEndpoint As New Uri("http://localhost:6060/service") Using host As New ServiceHost(GetType(Service), serviceEndpoint) Dim binding As New CustomBinding() With binding.Elements .Add(SecurityBindingElement.CreateMutualCertificateDuplexBindingElement(MessageSecurityVersion.WSSecurity10WSTrustFebruary2005WSSecureConversationFebruary2005WSSecurityPolicy11BasicSecurityProfile10)) .Add(New CompositeDuplexBindingElement()) .Add(New OneWayBindingElement()) .Add(New HttpTransportBindingElement()) End With Dim credentials As New MyServiceCredentials() SetupCertificates(credentials) With host.Description.Behaviors .Remove(GetType(ServiceCredentials)) .Add(credentials) End With Dim endpoint = host.AddServiceEndpoint(GetType(IMyService), binding, "") host.Open() Console.WriteLine("Service started, press ENTER to stop...") Console.ReadLine() End Using