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Configure Logging in IIS

  • Artykuł

by Keith Newman and Robert McMurray

You can configure logging on your web server or website that records information about HTTP requests and errors. The information in your log can help you troubleshoot or optimize your website.

Prerequisites

To get the most from this tutorial, you must have access to a computer that is running one of the following operating systems:

  • Windows Server® 2012
  • Windows® 8

Configure Logging at the Site Level

You can perform this procedure by using the user interface (UI), or by editing configuration files directly.

To configure logging at the site level by using the UI

  1. Open IIS Manager.

    • For Windows Server 2012, on the Start page click the Server Manager tile, and then click OK. In Server Manager, click the Tools menu, and then click Internet Information Services (IIS) Manager.
    • For Windows 8, on the Start page type Control Panel, and then click the Control Panel icon in the search results. On the Control Panel screen, click System and Security, click Administrative Tools, and then click Internet Information Services (IIS) Manager.

  2. In the Connections tree view, select your website.

  3. In Features View, double-click Logging.

  4. On the Logging page, in the Log file section under Format, select one of the following log file formats:

    • IIS: to use the Microsoft IIS log file format to log information about a site. This format is handled by HTTP.sys, and is a fixed ASCII text-based format, which means that you cannot customize the fields that are logged. Fields are separated by commas, and time is recorded as local time. For more information about the IIS log file format, see IIS Log File Format (IIS 6.0).
    • NCSA: to use the National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) Common log file format to log information about a site. This format is handled by HTTP.sys, and is a fixed ASCII text-based format, which means that you cannot customize the fields that are logged. Fields are separated by spaces, and time is recorded as local time with the Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) offset. For more information about the NCSA log file format, see NCSA Common Log File Format (IIS 6.0).
    • W3C: to use the centralized W3C log file format to log information about all sites on the server. This format is handled by HTTP.sys, and is a customizable ASCII text-based format, which means that you specify the fields that are logged. Specify the fields that are logged on the W3C Logging Fields dialog box by clicking Select Fields on the Logging page. Fields are separated by spaces, and time is recorded in Coordinated Universal Time (UTC). For more information about the W3C log file format, see W3C Extended Log File Format (IIS 6.0).
    • Custom: to use a custom format for a custom logging module. When you select this option, the Logging page becomes disabled, because custom logging cannot be configured in IIS Manager. For more information about how to use custom log file formats, see Custom Logging Modules (IIS 6.0).

  5. Under Directory, specify the path where the log file should be stored. The default is %SystemDrive%\inetpub\logs\LogFiles.

    Note

    As a best practice, store log files, such as failed request trace logs, in a directory other than %systemroot%.

  6. In the Log File Rollover section, select one of the following options:

    • Schedule: to create new log file that is based on one of the following values:

      • Hourly: a new log file is created each hour.
      • Daily: a new log file is created each day.
      • Weekly: a new log file is created each week.
      • Monthly: a new log file is created each month.

    • Maximum file size (in bytes): to create a log file when the file reaches a certain size (in bytes).The minimum file size is 1048576 bytes. If this attribute is set to a value less than 1048576 bytes, the default value is implicitly assumed as 1048576 bytes.

    • Do not create a new log file: there is a single log file that continues to grow as information is logged.

  7. Select Use local time for file naming and rollover to specify that log file naming and time for log file rollover uses the local server time. When this option is not selected, Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) is used.

    Note

    Regardless of this setting, timestamps in the actual log file will use the time format for the log format that you select from the Format list. For example, NCSA and W3C log file formats use UTC time format for timestamps.

  8. Click Apply in the Actions pane.

Configure Per-site Logging at the Server Level

You can perform this procedure by using the user interface (UI), or by editing configuration files directly.

To configure per-site logging at the server level by using the UI

  1. In the Connections tree view of IIS Manager, select your web server.

  2. In Features View, double-click Logging.

  3. On the Logging page under One log file per site, select Site from the drop-down list. By default, Site is selected.

  4. On the Logging page, in the Log file section under Format, select one of the following log file formats:

    • IIS: to use the Microsoft IIS log file format to log information about a site. This format is handled by HTTP.sys, and is a fixed ASCII text-based format, which means that you cannot customize the fields that are logged. Fields are separated by commas, and time is recorded as local time. For more information about the IIS log file format, see IIS Log File Format (IIS 6.0).
    • NCSA: to use the National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) Common log file format to log information about a site. This format is handled by HTTP.sys, and is a fixed ASCII text-based format, which means that you cannot customize the fields that are logged. Fields are separated by spaces, and time is recorded as local time with the Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) offset. For more information about the NCSA log file format, see NCSA Common Log File Format (IIS 6.0).
    • W3C: to use the centralized W3C log file format to log information about all sites on the server. This format is handled by HTTP.sys, and is a customizable ASCII text-based format, which means that you specify the fields that are logged. Specify the fields that are logged on the W3C Logging Fields dialog box by clicking Select Fields on the Logging page. Fields are separated by spaces, and time is recorded in Coordinated Universal Time (UTC). For more information about the W3C log file format, see W3C Extended Log File Format (IIS 6.0).
    • Custom: to use a custom format for a custom logging module. When you select this option, the Logging page becomes disabled, because custom logging cannot be configured in IIS Manager. For more information about how to use custom log file formats, see Custom Logging Modules (IIS 6.0).

  5. Under Directory, specify the path where the log file should be stored. The default is %SystemDrive%\inetpub\logs\LogFiles.

    Note

    As a best practice, store log files, such as failed request trace logs, in a directory other than %systemroot%.

  6. In the Log File Rollover section, select one of the following options:

    • Schedule: to create new log file that is based on one of the following values:

      • Hourly: a new log file is created each hour.
      • Daily: a new log file is created each day.
      • Weekly: a new log file is created each week.
      • Monthly: a new log file is created each month.

    • Maximum file size (in bytes): to create a log file when the file reaches a certain size (in bytes).The minimum file size is 1048576 bytes. If this attribute is set to a value less than 1048576 bytes, the default value is implicitly assumed as 1048576 bytes.

    • Do not create a new log file: there is a single log file that continues to grow as information is logged.

  7. Select Use local time for file naming and rollover to specify that log file naming and time for log file rollover uses the local server time. When this option is not selected, Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) is used.

    Note

    Regardless of this setting, timestamps in the actual log file will use the time format for the log format that you select from the Format list. For example, NCSA and W3C log file formats use UTC time format for timestamps.

  8. Click Apply in the Actions pane.

Configure Per-server Logging at the Server Level

You can perform this procedure by using the user interface (UI), or by editing configuration files directly.

To configure per-server logging at the server level by using the UI

  1. In the Connections tree view of IIS Manager, select your web server.

  2. In Features View, double-click Logging.

  3. On the Logging page, under One log file per site, select Server from the drop-down list. By default, Site is selected.

  4. On the Logging page, in the Log file section under Format, select one of the following log file formats:

    • IIS: to use the Microsoft IIS log file format to log information about a site. This format is handled by HTTP.sys, and is a fixed ASCII text-based format, which means that you cannot customize the fields that are logged. Fields are separated by commas, and time is recorded as local time. For more information about the IIS log file format, see IIS Log File Format (IIS 6.0).
    • NCSA: to use the National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) Common log file format to log information about a site. This format is handled by HTTP.sys, and is a fixed ASCII text-based format, which means that you cannot customize the fields that are logged. Fields are separated by spaces, and time is recorded as local time with the Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) offset. For more information about the NCSA log file format, see NCSA Common Log File Format (IIS 6.0).
    • W3C: to use the centralized W3C log file format to log information about all sites on the server. This format is handled by HTTP.sys, and is a customizable ASCII text-based format, which means that you specify the fields that are logged. Specify the fields that are logged on the W3C Logging Fields dialog box by clicking Select Fields on the Logging page. Fields are separated by spaces, and time is recorded in Coordinated Universal Time (UTC). For more information about the W3C log file format, see W3C Extended Log File Format (IIS 6.0).
    • Custom: to use a custom format for a custom logging module. When you select this option, the Logging page becomes disabled, because custom logging cannot be configured in IIS Manager. For more information about how to use custom log file formats, see Custom Logging Modules (IIS 6.0).

  5. Under Directory, specify the path where the log file should be stored. The default is %SystemDrive%\inetpub\logs\LogFiles.

    Note

    As a best practice, store log files, such as failed request trace logs, in a directory other than %systemroot%.

  6. In the Log File Rollover section, select one of the following options:

    • Schedule: to create new log file that is based on one of the following values:

      • Hourly: a new log file is created each hour.
      • Daily: a new log file is created each day.
      • Weekly: a new log file is created each week.
      • Monthly: a new log file is created each month.

    • Maximum file size (in bytes): to create a log file when the file reaches a certain size (in bytes).The minimum file size is 1048576 bytes. If this attribute is set to a value less than 1048576 bytes, the default value is implicitly assumed as 1048576 bytes.

    • Do not create a new log file: there is a single log file that continues to grow as information is logged.

  7. Select Use local time for file naming and rollover to specify that log file naming and time for log file rollover uses the local server time. When this option is not selected, Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) is used.

    Note

    Regardless of this setting, timestamps in the actual log file will use the time format for the log format that you select from the Format list. For example, NCSA and W3C log file formats use UTC time format for timestamps.

  8. Click Apply in the Actions pane.

Select W3C Fields to Log

You can perform this procedure by using the user interface (UI), or by editing configuration files directly.

To select W3C fields to log by using the UI

  1. In Features View of IIS Manager, double-click Logging.

  2. On the Logging page, in the Log file section under Format, click Select Fields.

  3. In the W3C Logging Fields dialog box, select one or more of the following options:

    • Date (date): the date on which the request occurred.
    • Time (time): the time, in Coordinated Universal Time (UTC), at which the request occurred.
    • Client IP Address (c-ip): the IP address of the client that made the request.
    • User Name (cs-username): the name of the authenticated user who accessed your server. Anonymous users are indicated by a hyphen.
    • Service Name (s-sitename): the site instance number that fulfilled the request.
    • Server Name (s-computername): the name of the server on which the log file entry was generated.
    • Server IP Address (s-ip): the IP address of the server on which the log file entry was generated.
    • Server Port (s-port): the server port number that is configured for the service.
    • Method (cs-method): the requested action, for example, a GET method.
    • URI Stem (cs-uri-stem): the Universal Resource Identifier, or target, of the action.
    • URI Query (cs-uri-query): the query, if any, that the client was trying to perform. A Universal Resource Identifier (URI) query is necessary only for dynamic pages.
    • Protocol Status (sc-status): the HTTP or FTP status code.
    • Protocol Sub-status (sc-substatus): the HTTP or FTP substatus code.
    • Win32 Status (sc-win32-status): the Windows status code.
    • Bytes Sent (sc-bytes): the number of bytes that the server sent.
    • Bytes Received (cs-bytes): the number of bytes that the server received.
    • Time Taken (time-taken): the length of time that the action took in milliseconds.
    • Protocol Version (cs-version): the protocol version that the client used.
    • Host (cs-host): the host name, if any.
    • User Agent (cs(UserAgent)): the browser type that the client used.
    • Cookie (cs(Cookie)): the content of the cookie sent or received, if any.
    • Referrer (cs(Referrer)): the site that the user last visited. This site provided a link to the current site.

  4. Click Apply in the Actions pane.

Configure Log File Rollover Options

You can perform this procedure by using the user interface (UI), or by editing configuration files directly.

To configure log file rollover options by using the UI

  1. In Features View of IIS Manager, double-click Logging.

  2. On the Logging page, in the Log File Rollover section, select one of the following options:

    • Schedule: to create new log file that is based on one of the following values:

      • Hourly: a new log file is created each hour.
      • Daily: a new log file is created each day.
      • Weekly: a new log file is created each week.
      • Monthly: a new log file is created each month.

    • Maximum file size (in bytes): to create a log file when the file reaches a certain size (in bytes).The minimum file size is 1048576 bytes. If this attribute is set to a value less than 1048576 bytes, the default value is implicitly assumed as 1048576 bytes.

    • Do not create a new log file: This option means that there is a single log file that continues to grow as information is logged. If you use a single log file for your site, it is helpful when you use log parsing utilities, but it also creates larger log files that could affect the overall performance of the server.

  3. Select Use local time for file naming and rollover to specify that log file naming and time for log file rollover uses the local server time. When this option is not selected, Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) is used.

    Note

    Regardless of this setting, timestamps in the actual log file will use the time format for the log format that you select from the Format list. For example, NCSA and W3C log file formats use UTC time format for timestamps.

  4. Click Apply in the Actions pane.

See Also