Gramática BNF do Microsoft Macro Assembler
Esta página contém uma descrição BNF da gramática MASM. Ela é fornecida como um suplemento para a referência e não tem a garantia de estar completa. Consulte a referência para obter informações completas sobre palavras-chave, parâmetros, operações e assim por diante.
Para ilustrar o uso do BNF, o diagrama a seguir mostra a definição da diretiva TYPEDEF
, começando com o não terminal typedefDir
.
As entradas em cada chave horizontal são terminais, como NEAR16
, NEAR32
, FAR16
e FAR32
. Ou elas não são terminais, como qualifier
, qualifiedType
, distance
e protoSpec
que podem ser definidas posteriormente. Cada não terminal em itálico na definição typedefDir
é também uma entrada no BNF. Três pontos verticais indicam uma definição de ramificação para um não terminal que, para simplificar, esta figura não ilustra.
A gramática BNF permite definições recursivas. Por exemplo, a gramática usa qualifiedType
como uma definição possível para qualifiedType
, que também é um componente da definição para qualifier
. O símbolo "|" especifica uma opção entre expressões alternativas, por exemplo endOfLine
| comment
. Chaves duplas especificam um parâmetro opcional, por exemplo ⟦ macroParmList
⟧. Os colchetes não aparecem no código-fonte.
Não terminais MASM
;;
endOfLine
| comment
=Dir
id
=
immExpr
;;
addOp
+
| -
aExpr
term
| aExpr
&&
term
altId
id
alpha
Qualquer letra maiúscula ou minúscula (A-Z) ou um destes quatro caracteres: @ _ $ ?
arbitraryText
charList
asmInstruction
mnemonic
exprList
⟦ ⟧
assumeDir
ASSUME
assumeList
;;
| ASSUME NOTHING
;;
assumeList
assumeRegister
| assumeList
,
assumeRegister
assumeReg
register
:
assumeVal
assumeRegister
assumeSegReg
| assumeReg
assumeSegReg
segmentRegister
:
assumeSegVal
assumeSegVal
frameExpr
| NOTHING
| ERROR
assumeVal
qualifiedType
| NOTHING
| ERROR
bcdConst
sign
⟦ ⟧decNumber
binaryOp
==
| !=
| >=
| <=
| >
| <
| &
bitDef
bitFieldId
:
bitFieldSize
=
constExpr
⟦ ⟧
bitDefList
bitDef
| bitDefList
,
;;
⟦ ⟧bitDef
bitFieldId
id
bitFieldSize
constExpr
blockStatements
directiveList
| .CONTINUE
.IF
cExpr
⟦ ⟧
| .BREAK
.IF
cExpr
⟦ ⟧
bool
TRUE
| FALSE
byteRegister
AL
| AH
| CL
| CH
| DL
| DH
| BL
| BH
| R8B
| R9B
| R10B
| R11B
| R12B
| R13B
| R14B
| R15B
cExpr
aExpr
| cExpr
||
aExpr
character
Qualquer caractere com ordinal no intervalo de 0 a 255, exceto avanço de linha (10).
charList
character
| charList
character
className
string
commDecl
nearfar
⟦ ⟧ ⟦ langType
⟧ id
:
commType
:
constExpr
⟦ ⟧
commDir
COMM
commList
;;
comment
;
text
;;
commentDir
COMMENT
delimiter
text
text
delimiter
text
;;
commList
commDecl
| commList
,
commDecl
commType
type
| constExpr
constant
digits
radixOverride
⟦ ⟧
constExpr
expr
contextDir
PUSHCONTEXT
contextItemList
;;
| POPCONTEXT
contextItemList
;;
contextItem
ASSUMES
| RADIX
| LISTING
| CPU
| ALL
contextItemList
contextItem
| contextItemList
,
contextItem
controlBlock
whileBlock
| repeatBlock
controlDir
controlIf
| controlBlock
controlElseif
.ELSEIF
cExpr
;;
directiveList
controlElseif
⟦ ⟧
controlIf
.IF
cExpr
;;
directiveList
controlElseif
⟦ ⟧
.ELSE
⟦ ;;
directiveList
⟧
.ENDIF
;;
coprocessor
.8087
| .287
| .387
| .NO87
crefDir
crefOption
;;
crefOption
.CREF
| .XCREF
idList
⟦ ⟧
| .NOCREF
idList
⟦ ⟧
cxzExpr
expr
| !
expr
| expr
==
expr
| expr
!=
expr
dataDecl
DB
| DW
| DD
| DF
| DQ
| DT
| dataType
| typeId
dataDir
id
⟦ ⟧ dataItem
;;
dataItem
dataDecl
scalarInstList
| structTag
structInstList
| typeId
structInstList
| unionTag
structInstList
| recordTag
recordInstList
dataType
BYTE
| SBYTE
| WORD
| SWORD
| DWORD
| SDWORD
| FWORD
| QWORD
| SQWORD
| TBYTE
| OWORD
| REAL4
| REAL8
| REAL10
| MMWORD
| XMMWORD
| YMMWORD
decdigit
0
| 1
| 2
| 3
| 4
| 5
| 6
| 7
| 8
| 9
decNumber
decdigit
| decNumber
decdigit
delimiter
Qualquer caractere exceto whiteSpaceCharacter
digits
decdigit
| digits
decdigit
| digits
hexdigit
directive
generalDir
| segmentDef
directiveList
directive
| directiveList
directive
distance
nearfar
| NEAR16
| NEAR32
| FAR16
| FAR32
e01
e01
orOp
e02
| e02
e02
e02
AND
e03
| e03
e03
NOT
e04
| e04
e04
e04
relOp
e05
| e05
e05
e05
addOp
e06
| e06
e06
e06
mulOp
e07
| e06
shiftOp
e07
| e07
e07
e07
addOp
e08
| e08
e08
HIGH
e09
| LOW
e09
| HIGHWORD
e09
| LOWWORD
e09
| e09
e09
OFFSET
e10
| SEG
e10
| LROFFSET
e10
| TYPE
e10
| THIS
e10
| e09
PTR
e10
| e09
:
e10
| e10
e10
e10
.
e11
| e10
expr
⟦ ⟧
| e11
e11
(
expr
)
| expr
⟦ ⟧
| WIDTH
id
| MASK
id
| SIZE
sizeArg
| SIZEOF
sizeArg
| LENGTH
id
| LENGTHOF
id
| recordConst
| string
| constant
| type
| id
| $
| segmentRegister
| register
| ST
| ST
(
expr
)
echoDir
ECHO
arbitraryText
;;
%OUT
arbitraryText
;;
elseifBlock
elseifStatement
;;
directiveList
elseifBlock
⟦ ⟧
elseifStatement
ELSEIF
constExpr
| ELSEIFE
constExpr
| ELSEIFB
textItem
| ELSEIFNB
textItem
| ELSEIFDEF
id
| ELSEIFNDEF
id
| ELSEIFDIF
textItem
,
textItem
| ELSEIFDIFI
textItem
,
textItem
| ELSEIFIDN
textItem
,
textItem
| ELSEIFIDNI
textItem
,
textItem
| ELSEIF1
| ELSEIF2
endDir
END
immExpr
⟦ ⟧;;
endpDir
procId
ENDP
;;
endsDir
id
ENDS
;;
equDir
textMacroId
EQU
equType
;;
equType
immExpr
| textLiteral
errorDir
errorOpt
;;
errorOpt
.ERR
textItem
⟦ ⟧
| .ERRE
constExpr
optText
⟦ ⟧
| .ERRNZ
constExpr
optText
⟦ ⟧
| .ERRB
textItem
optText
⟦ ⟧
| .ERRNB
textItem
optText
⟦ ⟧
| .ERRDEF
id
optText
⟦ ⟧
| .ERRNDEF
id
optText
⟦ ⟧
| .ERRDIF
textItem
,
textItem
optText
⟦ ⟧
| .ERRDIFI
textItem
,
textItem
optText
⟦ ⟧
| .ERRIDN
textItem
,
textItem
optText
⟦ ⟧
| .ERRIDNI
textItem
,
textItem
optText
⟦ ⟧
| .ERR1
textItem
⟦ ⟧
| .ERR2
textItem
⟦ ⟧
exitDir
.EXIT
expr
⟦ ⟧;;
exitmDir
:
EXITM
| EXITM
textItem
exponent
E
sign
⟦ ⟧decNumber
expr
SHORT
e05
| .TYPE
e01
| OPATTR
e01
| e01
exprList
expr
| exprList
,
expr
externDef
langType
⟦ ⟧ id
⟦ (
altId
)
⟧ :
externType
externDir
externKey
externList
;;
externKey
EXTRN
| EXTERN
| EXTERNDEF
externList
externDef
| externList
,
;;
⟦ ⟧externDef
externType
ABS
| qualifiedType
fieldAlign
constExpr
fieldInit
initValue
⟦ ⟧ |structInstance
fieldInitList
fieldInit
| fieldInitList
,
;;
⟦ ⟧fieldInit
fileChar
delimiter
fileCharList
fileChar
| fileCharList
fileChar
fileSpec
fileCharList
| textLiteral
flagName
ZERO?
| CARRY?
| OVERFLOW?
| SIGN?
| PARITY?
floatNumber
sign
⟦ ⟧ decNumber
.
⟦ decNumber
⟧ ⟦ exponent
⟧
| digits
R
| digits
r
forcDir
FORC
| IRPC
forDir
FOR
| IRP
forParm
id
:
forParmType
⟦ ⟧
forParmType
REQ
| =
textLiteral
fpuRegister
ST
expr
frameExpr
SEG
id
| DGROUP
:
id
| segmentRegister
:
id
| id
generalDir
modelDir
| segOrderDir
| nameDir
| includeLibDir
| commentDir
| groupDir
| assumeDir
| structDir
| recordDir
| typedefDir
| externDir
| publicDir
| commDir
| protoTypeDir
| equDir
| =Dir
| textDir
| contextDir
| optionDir
| processorDir
| radixDir
| titleDir
| pageDir
| listDir
| crefDir
| echoDir
| ifDir
| errorDir
| includeDir
| macroDir
| macroCall
| macroRepeat
| purgeDir
| macroWhile
| macroFor
| macroForc
| aliasDir
gpRegister
AX
| EAX
| CX
| ECX
| DX
| EDX
| BX
| EBX
| DI
| EDI
| SI
| ESI
| BP
| EBP
| SP
| ESP
| R8W
| R8D
| R9W
| R9D
| R12D
| R13W
| R13D
| R14W
| R14D
groupDir
groupId
GROUP
segIdList
groupId
id
hexdigit
a
| b
| c
| d
| e
| f
| A
| B
| C
| D
| E
| F
id
alpha
| id
alpha
| id
decdigit
O tamanho máximo é de 247 caracteres.
idList
id
| idList
,
id
ifDir
ifStatement
;;
directiveList
elseifBlock
⟦ ⟧
ELSE
⟦ ;;
directiveList
⟧ ;;
ifStatement
IF
constExpr
| IFE
constExpr
| IFB
textItem
| IFNB
textItem
| IFDEF
id
| IFNDEF
id
| IFDIF
textItem
,
textItem
| IFDIFI
textItem
,
textItem
| IFIDN
textItem
,
textItem
| IFIDNI
textItem
,
textItem
| IF1
| IF2
immExpr
expr
includeDir
INCLUDE
fileSpec
;;
includeLibDir
INCLUDELIB
fileSpec
;;
initValue
immExpr
| string
| ?
| constExpr
DUP
(
scalarInstList
)
| floatNumber
| bcdConst
inSegDir
labelDef
⟦ ⟧inSegmentDir
inSegDirList
inSegDir
| inSegDirList
inSegDir
inSegmentDir
instruction
| dataDir
| controlDir
| startupDir
| exitDir
| offsetDir
| labelDir
| procDir
localDirList
⟦ ⟧ ⟦ inSegDirList
⟧endpDir
| invokeDir
| generalDir
instrPrefix
REP
| REPE
| REPZ
| REPNE
| REPNZ
| LOCK
instruction
instrPrefix
⟦ ⟧asmInstruction
invokeArg
register
::
register
| expr
| ADDR
expr
invokeDir
INVOKE
expr
,
⟦ ⟦ ;;
⟧ invokeList
⟧;;
invokeList
invokeArg
| invokeList
,
;;
⟦ ⟧invokeArg
keyword
Qualquer palavra reservada.
keywordList
keyword
| keyword
keywordList
labelDef
id
:
| id
::
| @@:
labelDir
id
LABEL
qualifiedType
;;
langType
C
| PASCAL
| FORTRAN
| BASIC
| SYSCALL
| STDCALL
listDir
listOption
;;
listOption
.LIST
| .NOLIST
| .XLIST
| .LISTALL
| .LISTIF
| .LFCOND
| .NOLISTIF
| .SFCOND
| .TFCOND
| .LISTMACROALL
| .LALL
| .NOLISTMACRO
| .SALL
| .LISTMACRO
| .XALL
localDef
LOCAL
idList
;;
localDir
LOCAL
parmList
;;
localDirList
localDir
| localDirList
localDir
localList
localDef
| localList
localDef
macroArg
%
constExpr
| %
textMacroId
| %
macroFuncId
(
macroArgList
)
| string
| arbitraryText
| <
arbitraryText
>
macroArgList
macroArg
| macroArgList
,
macroArg
macroBody
localList
⟦ ⟧macroStmtList
macroCall
id
macroArgList
;;
| id
(
macroArgList
)
macroDir
id
MACRO
macroParmList
⟦ ⟧;;
macroBody
ENDM
;;
macroFor
forDir
forParm
,
<
macroArgList
>
;;
macroBody
ENDM
;;
macroForc
forcDir
id
,
textLiteral
;;
macroBody
ENDM
;;
macroFuncId
id
macroId
macroProcId
| macroFuncId
macroIdList
macroId
| macroIdList
,
macroId
macroLabel
id
macroParm
id
:
parmType
⟦ ⟧
macroParmList
macroParm
| macroParmList
,
;;
⟦ ⟧macroParm
macroProcId
id
macroRepeat
repeatDir
constExpr
;;
macroBody
ENDM
;;
macroStmt
directive
| exitmDir
| :
macroLabel
| GOTO
macroLabel
macroStmtList
macroStmt
;;
| macroStmtList
macroStmt
;;
macroWhile
WHILE
constExpr
;;
macroBody
ENDM
;;
mapType
ALL
| NONE
| NOTPUBLIC
memOption
TINY
| SMALL
| MEDIUM
| COMPACT
| LARGE
| HUGE
| FLAT
mnemonic
Nome da instrução.
modelDir
.MODEL
memOption
,
modelOptlist
⟦ ⟧;;
modelOpt
langType
| stackOption
modelOptlist
modelOpt
| modelOptlist
,
modelOpt
module
directiveList
⟦ ⟧endDir
mulOp
*
| /
| MOD
nameDir
NAME
id
;;
nearfar
NEAR
| FAR
nestedStruct
structHdr
id
⟦ ⟧;;
structBody
ENDS
;;
offsetDir
offsetDirType
;;
offsetDirType
EVEN
| ORG
immExpr
| ALIGN
constExpr
⟦ ⟧
offsetType
GROUP
| SEGMENT
| FLAT
oldRecordFieldList
constExpr
⟦ ⟧ | oldRecordFieldList
,
⟦ constExpr
⟧
optionDir
OPTION
optionList
;;
optionItem
CASEMAP
:
mapType
| DOTNAME
| NODOTNAME
| EMULATOR
| NOEMULATOR
| EPILOGUE
:
macroId
| EXPR16
| EXPR32
| LANGUAGE
:
langType
| LJMP
| NOLJMP
| M510
| NOM510
| NOKEYWORD
:
<
keywordList
>
| NOSIGNEXTEND
| OFFSET
:
offsetType
| OLDMACROS
| NOOLDMACROS
| OLDSTRUCTS
| NOOLDSTRUCTS
| PROC
:
oVisibility
| PROLOGUE
:
macroId
| READONLY
| NOREADONLY
| SCOPED
| NOSCOPED
| SEGMENT
:
segSize
| SETIF2
:
bool
optionList
optionItem
| optionList
,
;;
⟦ ⟧optionItem
optText
,
textItem
orOp
OR
| XOR
oVisibility
PUBLIC
| PRIVATE
| EXPORT
pageDir
PAGE
pageExpr
⟦ ⟧;;
pageExpr
+
| pageLength
⟦ ⟧ ⟦ ,
pageWidth
⟧
pageLength
constExpr
pageWidth
constExpr
parm
parmId
:
qualifiedType
⟦ ⟧
| parmId
constExpr
⟦ ⟧ ⟦ :
qualifiedType
⟧
parmId
id
parmList
parm
| parmList
,
;;
⟦ ⟧parm
parmType
REQ
| =
textLiteral
| VARARG
pOptions
distance
⟦ ⟧ ⟦ langType
⟧ ⟦ oVisibility
⟧
primary
expr
binaryOp
expr
| flagName
| expr
procDir
procId
PROC
pOptions
⟦ ⟧ ⟦ <
macroArgList
>
⟧
usesRegs
⟦ ⟧ ⟦ procParmList
⟧
processor
| .386
| .386p
| .486
| .486P
| .586
| .586P
| .686
| .686P
| .387
processorDir
processor
;;
| coprocessor
;;
procId
id
procItem
instrPrefix
| dataDir
| labelDir
| offsetDir
| generalDir
procParmList
,
⟦ ⟦ ;;
⟧ parmList
⟧
,
⟦ ⟦ ;;
⟧ parmId
:VARARG
⟧
protoArg
id
⟦ ⟧ :
qualifiedType
protoArgList
,
⟦ ⟦ ;;
⟧ protoList
⟧
,
⟦ ⟦ ;;
⟧ ⟦ id
⟧ :VARARG
⟧
protoList
protoArg
| protoList
,
;;
⟦ ⟧protoArg
protoSpec
distance
⟦ ⟧ ⟦ langType
⟧ ⟦ protoArgList
⟧
| typeId
protoTypeDir
id
PROTO
protoSpec
pubDef
langType
⟦ ⟧id
publicDir
PUBLIC
pubList
;;
pubList
pubDef
| pubList
,
;;
⟦ ⟧pubDef
purgeDir
PURGE
macroIdList
qualifiedType
type
| distance
⟦ ⟧ PTR
⟦ qualifiedType
⟧
qualifier
qualifiedType
| PROTO
protoSpec
quote
"
| '
qwordRegister
RAX
| RCX
| RDX
| RBX
| RSP
| RBP
| RSI
| RDI
| R8
| R9
| R10
| R11
| R12
| R13
| R14
| R15
radixDir
.RADIX
constExpr
;;
radixOverride
h
| o
| q
| t
| y
| H
| O
| Q
| T
| Y
recordConst
recordTag
{
oldRecordFieldList
}
| recordTag
<
oldRecordFieldList
>
recordDir
recordTag
RECORD
bitDefList
;;
recordFieldList
constExpr
⟦ ⟧ | recordFieldList
,
⟦ ;;
⟧ ⟦ constExpr
⟧
recordInstance
{
;;
⟦ ⟧ recordFieldList
⟦ ;;
⟧}
| <
oldRecordFieldList
>
| constExpr
DUP
(
recordInstance
)
recordInstList
recordInstance
| recordInstList
,
;;
⟦ ⟧recordInstance
recordTag
id
register
specialRegister
| gpRegister
| byteRegister
| qwordRegister
| fpuRegister
| SIMDRegister
| segmentRegister
regList
register
| regList
register
relOp
EQ
| NE
| LT
| LE
| GT
| GE
repeatBlock
.REPEAT
;;
blockStatements
;;
untilDir
;;
repeatDir
REPEAT
| REPT
scalarInstList
initValue
| scalarInstList
,
;;
⟦ ⟧initValue
segAlign
BYTE
| WORD
| DWORD
| PARA
| PAGE
segAttrib
PUBLIC
| STACK
| COMMON
| MEMORY
| AT
constExpr
| PRIVATE
segDir
.CODE
segId
⟦ ⟧
| .DATA
| .DATA?
| .CONST
| .FARDATA
segId
⟦ ⟧
| .FARDATA?
segId
⟦ ⟧
| .STACK
constExpr
⟦ ⟧
segId
id
segIdList
segId
| segIdList
,
segId
segmentDef
segmentDir
inSegDirList
⟦ ⟧ endsDir
simpleSegDir
| ⟦ inSegDirList
⟧ ⟦ ⟧ endsDir
segmentDir
segId
SEGMENT
segOptionList
⟦ ⟧;;
segmentRegister
CS
| DS
| ES
| FS
| GS
| SS
segOption
segAlign
| segRO
| segAttrib
| segSize
| className
segOptionList
segOption
| segOptionList
segOption
segOrderDir
.ALPHA
| .SEQ
| .DOSSEG
| DOSSEG
segRO
READONLY
segSize
USE16
| USE32
| FLAT
shiftOp
SHR
| SHL
sign
+
| -
simdRegister
MM0
| MM1
| MM2
| MM3
| MM4
| MM5
| MM6
| MM7
| xmmRegister
| YMM0
| YMM1
| YMM2
| YMM3
| YMM4
| YMM5
| YMM6
| YMM7
| YMM8
| YMM9
| YMM10
| YMM11
| YMM12
| YMM13
| YMM14
| YMM15
simpleExpr
(
cExpr
)
| primary
simpleSegDir
segDir
;;
sizeArg
id
| type
| e10
specialChars
:
| .
| [
| ]
| (
| )
| <
| >
| {
| }
| +
| -
| /
| *
| &
| %
| !
| '
| \
| =
| ;
| ,
| "
| whiteSpaceCharacter
| endOfLine
specialRegister
CR0
| CR2
| CR3
| DR0
| DR1
| DR2
| DR3
| DR6
| DR7
| TR3
| TR4
| TR5
| TR6
| TR7
stackOption
NEARSTACK
| FARSTACK
startupDir
.STARTUP
;;
stext
stringChar
| stext
stringChar
string
quote
stext
⟦ ⟧quote
stringChar
quote
quote
| Qualquer caractere, exceto aspas.
structBody
structItem
;;
| structBody
structItem
;;
structDir
structTag
structHdr
fieldAlign
⟦ ⟧
,
NONUNIQUE
⟦ ⟧;;
structBody
structTag
ENDS
;;
structHdr
STRUC
| STRUCT
| UNION
structInstance
<
fieldInitList
⟦ ⟧>
| {
;;
⟦ ⟧ ⟦ fieldInitList
⟧ ⟦ ;;
⟧}
| constExpr
DUP
structInstList
( )
structInstList
structInstance
| structInstList
,
;;
⟦ ⟧structInstance
structItem
dataDir
| generalDir
| offsetDir
| nestedStruct
structTag
id
term
simpleExpr
| !
simpleExpr
text
textLiteral
| text
character
| !
character
text
| character
| !
character
textDir
id
textMacroDir
;;
textItem
textLiteral
| textMacroId
| %
constExpr
textLen
constExpr
textList
textItem
| textList
,
;;
⟦ ⟧textItem
textLiteral
<
text
>
;;
textMacroDir
CATSTR
textList
⟦ ⟧
| TEXTEQU
textList
⟦ ⟧
| SIZESTR
textItem
| SUBSTR
textItem
,
textStart
,
textLen
⟦ ⟧
| INSTR
textStart
,
⟦ ⟧ textItem
,
textItem
textMacroId
id
textStart
constExpr
titleDir
titleType
arbitraryText
;;
titleType
TITLE
| SUBTITLE
| SUBTTL
type
structTag
| unionTag
| recordTag
| distance
| dataType
| typeId
typedefDir
typeId
TYPEDEF
qualifier
typeId
id
unionTag
id
untilDir
.UNTIL
cExpr
;;
.UNTILCXZ
cxzExpr
⟦ ⟧;;
usesRegs
USES
regList
whileBlock
.WHILE
cExpr
;;
blockStatements
;;
.ENDW
whiteSpaceCharacter
ASCII 8, 9, 11–13, 26, 32
xmmRegister
XMM0
| XMM1
| XMM2
| XMM3
| XMM4
| XMM5
| XMM6
| XMM7
| XMM8
| XMM9
| XMM10
| XMM11
| XMM12
| XMM13
| XMM14
| XMM15