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Exemplo de ControlTemplate de Slider

  • Artigo

Controles em Windows Presentation Foundation (WPF) têm um ControlTemplate que contém a árvore visual daquele controle. Você pode mudar a estrutura e a aparência de um controle modificando o ControlTemplate daquele controle. Não há forma de substituir apenas parte da árvore visual de um controle; para alterar a árvore visual de um controle você precisa definir a propriedade Template do controle como sua nova e completa ControlTemplate.

Esse tópico mostra o ControlTemplate do controle Slider WPF.

Este tópico contém as seguintes seções.

  • Pré-requisitos
  • Exemplo de ControlTemplate de Slider
  • Tópicos relacionados

Pré-requisitos

Para rodar os exemplos deste tópico, você deve entender como escrever aplicações WPF. Para obter mais informações, consulte Getting Started with Windows Presentation Foundation. Você também deve entender como estilos são utilizados em WPF. Para obter mais informações, consulte Styling and Templating.

Exemplo de ControlTemplate de Slider

Although this example contains all of the elements that are defined in the ControlTemplate of a Slider by default, the specific values should be thought of as examples.

<Style x:Key="SliderButtonStyle" TargetType="{x:Type RepeatButton}">
  <Setter Property="SnapsToDevicePixels" Value="true"/>
  <Setter Property="OverridesDefaultStyle" Value="true"/>
  <Setter Property="IsTabStop" Value="false"/>
  <Setter Property="Focusable" Value="false"/>
  <Setter Property="Template">
    <Setter.Value>
      <ControlTemplate TargetType="{x:Type RepeatButton}">
        <Border Background="Transparent" />
      </ControlTemplate>
    </Setter.Value>
  </Setter>
</Style>

<Style x:Key="SliderThumbStyle" TargetType="{x:Type Thumb}">
  <Setter Property="SnapsToDevicePixels" Value="true"/>
  <Setter Property="OverridesDefaultStyle" Value="true"/>
  <Setter Property="Height" Value="14"/>
  <Setter Property="Width" Value="14"/>
  <Setter Property="Template">
    <Setter.Value>
      <ControlTemplate TargetType="{x:Type Thumb}">
        <Ellipse 
          Name="Ellipse" 
          Fill="{StaticResource NormalBrush}"
          Stroke="{StaticResource NormalBorderBrush}"
          StrokeThickness="1" />
        <ControlTemplate.Triggers>
          <Trigger Property="IsMouseOver" Value="True">
            <Setter TargetName="Ellipse" Property="Fill" Value="{StaticResource DarkBrush}"/>
          </Trigger>
          <Trigger Property="IsEnabled" Value="false">
            <Setter TargetName="Ellipse" Property="Fill" Value="{StaticResource DisabledBackgroundBrush}"/>
          </Trigger>
        </ControlTemplate.Triggers>
      </ControlTemplate>
    </Setter.Value>
  </Setter>
</Style>

<ControlTemplate x:Key="HorizontalSlider" TargetType="{x:Type Slider}">
  <Grid>
    <Grid.RowDefinitions>
      <RowDefinition Height="Auto"/>
      <RowDefinition Height="Auto" MinHeight="{TemplateBinding Slider.MinHeight}"/>
      <RowDefinition Height="Auto"/>
    </Grid.RowDefinitions>
    <TickBar 
      Name="TopTick"
      SnapsToDevicePixels="True" 
      Placement="Top"
      Fill="{StaticResource GlyphBrush}"
      Height="4"
      Visibility="Collapsed" />
    <Border 
      Name="TrackBackground"
      Margin="0"
      CornerRadius="2" 
      Height="4"
      Grid.Row="1"
      Background="{StaticResource LightBrush}" 
      BorderBrush="{StaticResource NormalBorderBrush}"
      BorderThickness="1" />
    <Track Grid.Row="1" Name="PART_Track">
      <Track.DecreaseRepeatButton>
        <RepeatButton 
          Style="{StaticResource SliderButtonStyle}"
          Command="Slider.DecreaseLarge" />
      </Track.DecreaseRepeatButton>
      <Track.Thumb>
        <Thumb Style="{StaticResource SliderThumbStyle}" />
      </Track.Thumb>
      <Track.IncreaseRepeatButton>
        <RepeatButton 
          Style="{StaticResource SliderButtonStyle}"
          Command="Slider.IncreaseLarge" />
      </Track.IncreaseRepeatButton>
    </Track>
    <TickBar 
      Name="BottomTick"
      SnapsToDevicePixels="True" 
      Grid.Row="2"
      Fill="{TemplateBinding Foreground}"
      Placement="Bottom"
      Height="4"
      Visibility="Collapsed" />
  </Grid>
  <ControlTemplate.Triggers>
    <Trigger Property="TickPlacement" Value="TopLeft">
      <Setter TargetName="TopTick" Property="Visibility" Value="Visible"/>
    </Trigger>
    <Trigger Property="TickPlacement" Value="BottomRight">
      <Setter TargetName="BottomTick" Property="Visibility" Value="Visible"/>
    </Trigger>
    <Trigger Property="TickPlacement" Value="Both">
      <Setter TargetName="TopTick" Property="Visibility" Value="Visible"/>
      <Setter TargetName="BottomTick" Property="Visibility" Value="Visible"/>
    </Trigger>
  </ControlTemplate.Triggers>
</ControlTemplate>

<ControlTemplate x:Key="VerticalSlider" TargetType="{x:Type Slider}">
  <Grid>
    <Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
      <ColumnDefinition Width="Auto"/>
      <ColumnDefinition Width="Auto" MinWidth="{TemplateBinding Slider.MinWidth}"/>
      <ColumnDefinition Width="Auto"/>
    </Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
    <TickBar 
      Name="TopTick"
      SnapsToDevicePixels="True" 
      Placement="Left"
      Fill="{StaticResource GlyphBrush}"
      Width="4"
      Visibility="Collapsed" />
    <Border 
      Name="TrackBackground"
      Margin="0"
      CornerRadius="2" 
      Width="4"
      Grid.Column="1"
      Background="{StaticResource HorizontalLightBrush}" 
      BorderBrush="{StaticResource HorizontalNormalBorderBrush}"
      BorderThickness="1" />
    <Track Grid.Column="1" Name="PART_Track">
      <Track.DecreaseRepeatButton>
        <RepeatButton 
          Style="{StaticResource SliderButtonStyle}"
          Command="Slider.DecreaseLarge" />
      </Track.DecreaseRepeatButton>
      <Track.Thumb>
        <Thumb Style="{StaticResource SliderThumbStyle}" />
      </Track.Thumb>
      <Track.IncreaseRepeatButton>
        <RepeatButton 
          Style="{StaticResource SliderButtonStyle}"
          Command="Slider.IncreaseLarge" />
      </Track.IncreaseRepeatButton>
    </Track>
    <TickBar 
      Name="BottomTick"
      SnapsToDevicePixels="True" 
      Grid.Column="2"
      Fill="{TemplateBinding Foreground}"
      Placement="Right"
      Width="4"
      Visibility="Collapsed" />
  </Grid>
  <ControlTemplate.Triggers>
    <Trigger Property="TickPlacement" Value="TopLeft">
      <Setter TargetName="TopTick" Property="Visibility" Value="Visible"/>
    </Trigger>
    <Trigger Property="TickPlacement" Value="BottomRight">
      <Setter TargetName="BottomTick" Property="Visibility" Value="Visible"/>
    </Trigger>
    <Trigger Property="TickPlacement" Value="Both">
      <Setter TargetName="TopTick" Property="Visibility" Value="Visible"/>
      <Setter TargetName="BottomTick" Property="Visibility" Value="Visible"/>
    </Trigger>
  </ControlTemplate.Triggers>
</ControlTemplate>

<Style TargetType="{x:Type Slider}">
  <Setter Property="SnapsToDevicePixels" Value="true"/>
  <Setter Property="OverridesDefaultStyle" Value="true"/>
  <Style.Triggers>
    <Trigger Property="Orientation" Value="Horizontal">
      <Setter Property="MinWidth" Value="104" />
      <Setter Property="MinHeight" Value="21" />
      <Setter Property="Template" Value="{StaticResource HorizontalSlider}" />
    </Trigger>
    <Trigger Property="Orientation" Value="Vertical">
      <Setter Property="MinWidth" Value="21" />
      <Setter Property="MinHeight" Value="104" />
      <Setter Property="Template" Value="{StaticResource VerticalSlider}" />
    </Trigger>
  </Style.Triggers>
</Style>

O exemplo anterior utiliza um ou mais dos seguintes recursos:

<!-- Fill Brushes -->

<LinearGradientBrush x:Key="NormalBrush" StartPoint="0,0" EndPoint="0,1">
  <GradientBrush.GradientStops>
    <GradientStopCollection>
      <GradientStop Color="#FFF" Offset="0.0"/>
      <GradientStop Color="#CCC" Offset="1.0"/>
    </GradientStopCollection>
  </GradientBrush.GradientStops>
</LinearGradientBrush>

<LinearGradientBrush x:Key="HorizontalNormalBrush" StartPoint="0,0" EndPoint="1,0">
  <GradientBrush.GradientStops>
    <GradientStopCollection>
      <GradientStop Color="#FFF" Offset="0.0"/>
      <GradientStop Color="#CCC" Offset="1.0"/>
    </GradientStopCollection>
  </GradientBrush.GradientStops>
</LinearGradientBrush>

<LinearGradientBrush x:Key="LightBrush" StartPoint="0,0" EndPoint="0,1">
  <GradientBrush.GradientStops>
    <GradientStopCollection>
      <GradientStop Color="#FFF" Offset="0.0"/>
      <GradientStop Color="#EEE" Offset="1.0"/>
    </GradientStopCollection>
  </GradientBrush.GradientStops>
</LinearGradientBrush>

<LinearGradientBrush x:Key="HorizontalLightBrush" StartPoint="0,0" EndPoint="1,0">
  <GradientBrush.GradientStops>
    <GradientStopCollection>
      <GradientStop Color="#FFF" Offset="0.0"/>
      <GradientStop Color="#EEE" Offset="1.0"/>
    </GradientStopCollection>
  </GradientBrush.GradientStops>
</LinearGradientBrush>

<LinearGradientBrush x:Key="DarkBrush" StartPoint="0,0" EndPoint="0,1">
  <GradientBrush.GradientStops>
    <GradientStopCollection>
      <GradientStop Color="#FFF" Offset="0.0"/>
      <GradientStop Color="#AAA" Offset="1.0"/>
    </GradientStopCollection>
  </GradientBrush.GradientStops>
</LinearGradientBrush>

<LinearGradientBrush x:Key="PressedBrush" StartPoint="0,0" EndPoint="0,1">
  <GradientBrush.GradientStops>
    <GradientStopCollection>
      <GradientStop Color="#BBB" Offset="0.0"/>
      <GradientStop Color="#EEE" Offset="0.1"/>
      <GradientStop Color="#EEE" Offset="0.9"/>
      <GradientStop Color="#FFF" Offset="1.0"/>
    </GradientStopCollection>
  </GradientBrush.GradientStops>
</LinearGradientBrush>

<SolidColorBrush x:Key="DisabledForegroundBrush" Color="#888" />

<SolidColorBrush x:Key="DisabledBackgroundBrush" Color="#EEE" />

<SolidColorBrush x:Key="WindowBackgroundBrush" Color="#FFF" />

<SolidColorBrush x:Key="SelectedBackgroundBrush" Color="#DDD" />

<!-- Border Brushes -->

<LinearGradientBrush x:Key="NormalBorderBrush" StartPoint="0,0" EndPoint="0,1">
  <GradientBrush.GradientStops>
    <GradientStopCollection>
      <GradientStop Color="#CCC" Offset="0.0"/>
      <GradientStop Color="#444" Offset="1.0"/>
    </GradientStopCollection>
  </GradientBrush.GradientStops>
</LinearGradientBrush>

<LinearGradientBrush x:Key="HorizontalNormalBorderBrush" StartPoint="0,0" EndPoint="1,0">
  <GradientBrush.GradientStops>
    <GradientStopCollection>
      <GradientStop Color="#CCC" Offset="0.0"/>
      <GradientStop Color="#444" Offset="1.0"/>
    </GradientStopCollection>
  </GradientBrush.GradientStops>
</LinearGradientBrush>

<LinearGradientBrush x:Key="DefaultedBorderBrush" StartPoint="0,0" EndPoint="0,1">
  <GradientBrush.GradientStops>
    <GradientStopCollection>
      <GradientStop Color="#777" Offset="0.0"/>
      <GradientStop Color="#000" Offset="1.0"/>
    </GradientStopCollection>
  </GradientBrush.GradientStops>
</LinearGradientBrush>

<LinearGradientBrush x:Key="PressedBorderBrush" StartPoint="0,0" EndPoint="0,1">
  <GradientBrush.GradientStops>
    <GradientStopCollection>
      <GradientStop Color="#444" Offset="0.0"/>
      <GradientStop Color="#888" Offset="1.0"/>
    </GradientStopCollection>
  </GradientBrush.GradientStops>
</LinearGradientBrush>

<SolidColorBrush x:Key="DisabledBorderBrush" Color="#AAA" />

<SolidColorBrush x:Key="SolidBorderBrush" Color="#888" />

<SolidColorBrush x:Key="LightBorderBrush" Color="#AAA" />

<!-- Miscellaneous Brushes -->
<SolidColorBrush x:Key="GlyphBrush" Color="#444" />

<SolidColorBrush x:Key="LightColorBrush" Color="#DDD" />

For the complete sample, see Estilo com ControlTemplates exemplo.

Consulte também

Conceitos

Diretrizes para criação de controles estilizados

Outros recursos

Exemplos de ControlTemplate