Como: Ligar a um delegado usando reflexão

Artigo
08/01/2011

Quando você usa reflexão para carregar e executar os assemblies, você não pode usar os recursos de idioma, como C# += operador ou a Visual Basic instrução AddHandler para ligar a eventos. Os procedimentos a seguir mostram como ligar um método existente para um evento obtendo todos os tipos necessários através de reflexão e como criar um método dinâmico usando a reflexão, emitir e vinculá-lo um evento.

Observação

De outra maneira de ligar a um delegado de manipulação de eventos, consulte o exemplo de código para o AddEventHandler método o EventInfo classe.

Para ligar a um delegado usando reflexão

Carregar um assembly que contém um tipo que gera eventos. Assemblies são normalmente carregados com o Assembly.Load método. Para manter esse exemplo simples, um formulário derivado do assembly atual é usado, assim, a GetExecutingAssembly método é usado para carregar o assembly atual.
```
Dim assem As [Assembly] = [Assembly].GetExecutingAssembly()
```
```
Assembly assem = Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly();
```
```
Assembly^ assem = Assembly::GetExecutingAssembly();
```
Obtenha um Type que representa o tipo de objeto e criar uma instância do tipo. O CreateInstance(Type) método é usado no código a seguir, porque o formulário tem um construtor padrão. Há várias outras sobrecargas da CreateInstance método que você pode usar se não tiver o tipo que você está criando um construtor padrão. A nova instância é armazenada como um tipo de Object para manter a ficção que nada é conhecido sobre o assembly. (Reflexão permite obter os tipos em um assembly sem saber antecipadamente o seus nomes.)
```
Dim tExForm As Type = assem.GetType("ExampleForm")
Dim exFormAsObj As Object = _
    Activator.CreateInstance(tExForm)
```
```
Type tExForm = assem.GetType("ExampleForm");
Object exFormAsObj = Activator.CreateInstance(tExForm);
```
```
Type^ tExForm = assem->GetType("ExampleForm");
Object^ exFormAsObj = Activator::CreateInstance(tExForm);
```

Obtenha um EventInfo objeto que representa o evento e, em seguida, use o EventHandlerType propriedade para obter o tipo de delegado usado para manipular o evento. No código a seguir, um EventInfo para o Click evento é obtido.

Dim evClick As EventInfo = tExForm.GetEvent("Click")
Dim tDelegate As Type = evClick.EventHandlerType

EventInfo evClick = tExForm.GetEvent("Click");
Type tDelegate = evClick.EventHandlerType;

EventInfo^ evClick = tExForm->GetEvent("Click");
Type^ tDelegate = evClick->EventHandlerType;

Obtenha um MethodInfo objeto que representa o método que manipula o evento. O código de programa completo a exemplo seção mais adiante neste tópico contém um método que corresponde à assinatura da EventHandler delegar, quais alças a Click evento, mas você também pode gerar métodos dinâmicos em tempo de execução. Para obter detalhes, consulte o procedimento de acompanhamento para gerar um manipulador de eventos em tempo de execução usando um método dinâmico.
```
Dim miHandler As MethodInfo = _
    GetType(Example).GetMethod("LuckyHandler", _
        BindingFlags.NonPublic Or BindingFlags.Instance)
```
```
MethodInfo miHandler = 
    typeof(Example).GetMethod("LuckyHandler", 
        BindingFlags.NonPublic | BindingFlags.Instance);
```
```
MethodInfo^ miHandler =
    Type::GetType("Example")->GetMethod("LuckyHandler",
        BindingFlags::NonPublic | BindingFlags::Instance);
```
Criar uma instância do delegado, usando o CreateDelegate método. Esse método é estático (Shared em Visual Basic), portanto, deve ser fornecido no tipo delegate. Usando os métodos sobrecarregados de CreateDelegate que o levam um MethodInfo é recomendado.
```
Dim d As [Delegate] = _
    [Delegate].CreateDelegate(tDelegate, Me, miHandler)
```
```
Delegate d = Delegate.CreateDelegate(tDelegate, this, miHandler);
```
```
Delegate^ d = Delegate::CreateDelegate(tDelegate, this, miHandler);
```
Obter o add método do acessador e invocá-lo para ligar o evento. Todos os eventos possuem um add acessador e um remove acessador, que estão ocultos pela sintaxe das linguagens de alto nível. Por exemplo, C# usa o += operador para ligar a eventos e os usos de Visual Basic a instrução AddHandler. O código a seguir obtém o add acessador da Click evento e a invoca de ligação tardia, passando a instância do delegado. Os argumentos devem ser passados como uma matriz.
```
Dim miAddHandler As MethodInfo = evClick.GetAddMethod()
Dim addHandlerArgs() As Object = { d }
miAddHandler.Invoke(exFormAsObj, addHandlerArgs)
```
```
MethodInfo addHandler = evClick.GetAddMethod();
Object[] addHandlerArgs = { d };
addHandler.Invoke(exFormAsObj, addHandlerArgs);
```
```
MethodInfo^ addHandler = evClick->GetAddMethod();
array<Object^>^ addHandlerArgs = { d };
addHandler->Invoke(exFormAsObj, addHandlerArgs);
```
Teste o evento. O código a seguir mostra o formulário definidos no exemplo de código. Clicando no formulário chama o manipulador de eventos.
```
Application.Run(CType(exFormAsObj, Form))
```
```
Application.Run((Form) exFormAsObj);
```
```
Application::Run((Form^) exFormAsObj);
```

Para gerar um manipulador de eventos em tempo de execução usando um método dinâmico

Métodos de manipulador de eventos podem ser gerados em tempo de execução usando os métodos dinâmicos leves e emissão de reflexão. Para criar um manipulador de eventos, você precisa do tipo de retorno e os tipos de parâmetro do delegado. Esses podem ser obtidos, examinando o delegado Invoke método. O código a seguir usa a GetDelegateReturnType e GetDelegateParameterTypes métodos para obter informações. O código para esses métodos pode ser encontrado na exemplo seção mais adiante neste tópico.

Não é necessário nomear um DynamicMethod, portanto, a seqüência de caracteres vazia pode ser usada. No código a seguir, o último argumento associa o método dinâmico com o tipo atual, dando o delegado acesso a todo o público e membros privados da Example classe.

Dim returnType As Type = GetDelegateReturnType(tDelegate)
If returnType IsNot GetType(Void) Then
    Throw New ApplicationException("Delegate has a return type.")
End If

Dim handler As New DynamicMethod( _
    "", _
    Nothing, _
    GetDelegateParameterTypes(tDelegate), _
    GetType(Example) _
)

Type returnType = GetDelegateReturnType(tDelegate);
if (returnType != typeof(void))
    throw new ApplicationException("Delegate has a return type.");

DynamicMethod handler = 
    new DynamicMethod("", 
                      null,
                      GetDelegateParameterTypes(tDelegate),
                      typeof(Example));

Type^ returnType = GetDelegateReturnType(tDelegate);
if (returnType != void::typeid)
    throw gcnew ApplicationException("Delegate has a return type.");

DynamicMethod^ handler =
    gcnew DynamicMethod("",
                      nullptr,
                      GetDelegateParameterTypes(tDelegate),
                      Example::typeid);

Gere um corpo de método. Esse método carrega uma seqüência de caracteres, que chama a sobrecarga da MessageBox.Show método leva uma seqüência de caracteres pops o valor de retorno na pilha (porque o manipulador não tem nenhum tipo de retorno) e retorna. Para saber mais sobre emitindo métodos dinâmicos, consulte Como: Definir e executar métodos dinâmicos.

Dim ilgen As ILGenerator = handler.GetILGenerator()

Dim showParameters As Type() = { GetType(String) }
Dim simpleShow As MethodInfo = _
    GetType(MessageBox).GetMethod("Show", showParameters)

ilgen.Emit(OpCodes.Ldstr, _
    "This event handler was constructed at run time.")
ilgen.Emit(OpCodes.Call, simpleShow)
ilgen.Emit(OpCodes.Pop)
ilgen.Emit(OpCodes.Ret)

ILGenerator ilgen = handler.GetILGenerator();

Type[] showParameters = { typeof(String) };
MethodInfo simpleShow = 
    typeof(MessageBox).GetMethod("Show", showParameters);

ilgen.Emit(OpCodes.Ldstr, 
    "This event handler was constructed at run time.");
ilgen.Emit(OpCodes.Call, simpleShow);
ilgen.Emit(OpCodes.Pop);
ilgen.Emit(OpCodes.Ret);

ILGenerator^ ilgen = handler->GetILGenerator();

array<Type^>^ showParameters = { String::typeid };
MethodInfo^ simpleShow =
    MessageBox::typeid->GetMethod("Show", showParameters);

ilgen->Emit(OpCodes::Ldstr,
    "This event handler was constructed at run time.");
ilgen->Emit(OpCodes::Call, simpleShow);
ilgen->Emit(OpCodes::Pop);
ilgen->Emit(OpCodes::Ret);

Conclua o método dinâmico chamando seu CreateDelegate método. Use o add acessador para adicionar o delegado à lista de invocação para o evento.

Dim dEmitted As [Delegate] = handler.CreateDelegate(tDelegate)
miAddHandler.Invoke(exFormAsObj, New Object() { dEmitted })

Delegate dEmitted = handler.CreateDelegate(tDelegate);
addHandler.Invoke(exFormAsObj, new Object[] { dEmitted });

Delegate^ dEmitted = handler->CreateDelegate(tDelegate);
addHandler->Invoke(exFormAsObj, gcnew array<Object^> { dEmitted });

Teste o evento. O código a seguir carrega o formulário definidos no exemplo de código. Clicando no formulário chama o manipulador de eventos predefinidos e o manipulador de eventos emitido.
```
Application.Run(CType(exFormAsObj, Form))
```
```
Application.Run((Form) exFormAsObj);
```
```
Application::Run((Form^) exFormAsObj);
```

Exemplo

O exemplo de código a seguir mostra como ligar um método existente para um evento usando a reflexão e também como usar o DynamicMethod classe para emitir um método em tempo de execução e associá-lo para um evento.

Imports System
Imports System.Reflection
Imports System.Reflection.Emit
Imports System.Windows.Forms

Class ExampleForm
    Inherits Form

    Public Sub New() 
        Me.Text = "Click me"

    End Sub 'New
End Class 'ExampleForm

Class Example

    Public Shared Sub Main() 
        Dim ex As New Example()
        ex.HookUpDelegate()
    End Sub 'Main

    Private Sub HookUpDelegate() 
        ' Load an assembly, for example using the Assembly.Load
        ' method. In this case, the executing assembly is loaded, to
        ' keep the demonstration simple.
        '
        Dim assem As [Assembly] = [Assembly].GetExecutingAssembly()

        ' Get the type that is to be loaded, and create an instance 
        ' of it. Activator.CreateInstance also has an overload that
        ' takes an array of types representing the types of the 
        ' constructor parameters, if the type you are creating does
        ' not have a parameterless constructor. The new instance
        ' is stored as type Object, to maintain the fiction that 
        ' nothing is known about the assembly. (Note that you can
        ' get the types in an assembly without knowing their names
        ' in advance.)
        '
        Dim tExForm As Type = assem.GetType("ExampleForm")
        Dim exFormAsObj As Object = _
            Activator.CreateInstance(tExForm)

        ' Get an EventInfo representing the Click event, and get the
        ' type of delegate that handles the event.
        '
        Dim evClick As EventInfo = tExForm.GetEvent("Click")
        Dim tDelegate As Type = evClick.EventHandlerType

        ' If you already have a method with the correct signature,
        ' you can simply get a MethodInfo for it. 
        '
        Dim miHandler As MethodInfo = _
            GetType(Example).GetMethod("LuckyHandler", _
                BindingFlags.NonPublic Or BindingFlags.Instance)
        ' Create an instance of the delegate. Using the overloads
        ' of CreateDelegate that take MethodInfo is recommended.
        '
        Dim d As [Delegate] = _
            [Delegate].CreateDelegate(tDelegate, Me, miHandler)

        ' Get the "add" accessor of the event and invoke it late-
        ' bound, passing in the delegate instance. This is equivalent
        ' to using the += operator in C#, or AddHandler in Visual
        ' Basic. The instance on which the "add" accessor is invoked
        ' is the form; the arguments must be passed as an array.
        '
        Dim miAddHandler As MethodInfo = evClick.GetAddMethod()
        Dim addHandlerArgs() As Object = { d }
        miAddHandler.Invoke(exFormAsObj, addHandlerArgs)

        ' Event handler methods can also be generated at run time,
        ' using lightweight dynamic methods and Reflection.Emit. 
        ' To construct an event handler, you need the return type
        ' and parameter types of the delegate. These can be obtained
        ' by examining the delegate's Invoke method. 
        '
        ' It is not necessary to name dynamic methods, so the empty 
        ' string can be used. The last argument associates the 
        ' dynamic method with the current type, giving the delegate
        ' access to all the public and private members of Example,
        ' as if it were an instance method.
        '
        Dim returnType As Type = GetDelegateReturnType(tDelegate)
        If returnType IsNot GetType(Void) Then
            Throw New ApplicationException("Delegate has a return type.")
        End If

        Dim handler As New DynamicMethod( _
            "", _
            Nothing, _
            GetDelegateParameterTypes(tDelegate), _
            GetType(Example) _
        )

        ' Generate a method body. This method loads a string, calls 
        ' the Show method overload that takes a string, pops the 
        ' return value off the stack (because the handler has no
        ' return type), and returns.
        '
        Dim ilgen As ILGenerator = handler.GetILGenerator()

        Dim showParameters As Type() = { GetType(String) }
        Dim simpleShow As MethodInfo = _
            GetType(MessageBox).GetMethod("Show", showParameters)

        ilgen.Emit(OpCodes.Ldstr, _
            "This event handler was constructed at run time.")
        ilgen.Emit(OpCodes.Call, simpleShow)
        ilgen.Emit(OpCodes.Pop)
        ilgen.Emit(OpCodes.Ret)

        ' Complete the dynamic method by calling its CreateDelegate
        ' method. Use the "add" accessor to add the delegate to
        ' the invocation list for the event.
        '
        Dim dEmitted As [Delegate] = handler.CreateDelegate(tDelegate)
        miAddHandler.Invoke(exFormAsObj, New Object() { dEmitted })

        ' Show the form. Clicking on the form causes the two
        ' delegates to be invoked.
        '
        Application.Run(CType(exFormAsObj, Form))

    End Sub

    Private Sub LuckyHandler(ByVal sender As [Object], _
        ByVal e As EventArgs) 

        MessageBox.Show("This event handler just happened to be lying around.")
    End Sub

    Private Function GetDelegateParameterTypes(ByVal d As Type) _
        As Type() 

        If d.BaseType IsNot GetType(MulticastDelegate) Then
            Throw New ApplicationException("Not a delegate.")
        End If

        Dim invoke As MethodInfo = d.GetMethod("Invoke")
        If invoke Is Nothing Then
            Throw New ApplicationException("Not a delegate.")
        End If

        Dim parameters As ParameterInfo() = invoke.GetParameters()
        ' Dimension this array Length - 1, because VB adds an extra
        ' element to zero-based arrays.
        Dim typeParameters(parameters.Length - 1) As Type
        For i As Integer = 0 To parameters.Length - 1
            typeParameters(i) = parameters(i).ParameterType
        Next i

        Return typeParameters

    End Function 


    Private Function GetDelegateReturnType(ByVal d As Type) As Type 

        If d.BaseType IsNot GetType(MulticastDelegate) Then
            Throw New ApplicationException("Not a delegate.")
        End If

        Dim invoke As MethodInfo = d.GetMethod("Invoke")
        If invoke Is Nothing Then
            Throw New ApplicationException("Not a delegate.")
        End If

        Return invoke.ReturnType

    End Function 
End Class

using System;
using System.Reflection;
using System.Reflection.Emit;
using System.Windows.Forms;

class ExampleForm : Form 
{
    public ExampleForm() : base()
    {
        this.Text = "Click me";
    }
}

class Example
{
    public static void Main()
    {
        Example ex = new Example();
        ex.HookUpDelegate();
    }

    private void HookUpDelegate()
    {
        // Load an assembly, for example using the Assembly.Load
        // method. In this case, the executing assembly is loaded, to
        // keep the demonstration simple.
        //
        Assembly assem = Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly();

        // Get the type that is to be loaded, and create an instance 
        // of it. Activator.CreateInstance has other overloads, if
        // the type lacks a default constructor. The new instance
        // is stored as type Object, to maintain the fiction that 
        // nothing is known about the assembly. (Note that you can
        // get the types in an assembly without knowing their names
        // in advance.)
        //
        Type tExForm = assem.GetType("ExampleForm");
        Object exFormAsObj = Activator.CreateInstance(tExForm);

        // Get an EventInfo representing the Click event, and get the
        // type of delegate that handles the event.
        //
        EventInfo evClick = tExForm.GetEvent("Click");
        Type tDelegate = evClick.EventHandlerType;

        // If you already have a method with the correct signature,
        // you can simply get a MethodInfo for it. 
        //
        MethodInfo miHandler = 
            typeof(Example).GetMethod("LuckyHandler", 
                BindingFlags.NonPublic | BindingFlags.Instance);
            
        // Create an instance of the delegate. Using the overloads
        // of CreateDelegate that take MethodInfo is recommended.
        //
        Delegate d = Delegate.CreateDelegate(tDelegate, this, miHandler);

        // Get the "add" accessor of the event and invoke it late-
        // bound, passing in the delegate instance. This is equivalent
        // to using the += operator in C#, or AddHandler in Visual
        // Basic. The instance on which the "add" accessor is invoked
        // is the form; the arguments must be passed as an array.
        //
        MethodInfo addHandler = evClick.GetAddMethod();
        Object[] addHandlerArgs = { d };
        addHandler.Invoke(exFormAsObj, addHandlerArgs);

        // Event handler methods can also be generated at run time,
        // using lightweight dynamic methods and Reflection.Emit. 
        // To construct an event handler, you need the return type
        // and parameter types of the delegate. These can be obtained
        // by examining the delegate's Invoke method. 
        //
        // It is not necessary to name dynamic methods, so the empty 
        // string can be used. The last argument associates the 
        // dynamic method with the current type, giving the delegate
        // access to all the public and private members of Example,
        // as if it were an instance method.
        //
        Type returnType = GetDelegateReturnType(tDelegate);
        if (returnType != typeof(void))
            throw new ApplicationException("Delegate has a return type.");

        DynamicMethod handler = 
            new DynamicMethod("", 
                              null,
                              GetDelegateParameterTypes(tDelegate),
                              typeof(Example));

        // Generate a method body. This method loads a string, calls 
        // the Show method overload that takes a string, pops the 
        // return value off the stack (because the handler has no
        // return type), and returns.
        //
        ILGenerator ilgen = handler.GetILGenerator();

        Type[] showParameters = { typeof(String) };
        MethodInfo simpleShow = 
            typeof(MessageBox).GetMethod("Show", showParameters);

        ilgen.Emit(OpCodes.Ldstr, 
            "This event handler was constructed at run time.");
        ilgen.Emit(OpCodes.Call, simpleShow);
        ilgen.Emit(OpCodes.Pop);
        ilgen.Emit(OpCodes.Ret);

        // Complete the dynamic method by calling its CreateDelegate
        // method. Use the "add" accessor to add the delegate to
        // the invocation list for the event.
        //
        Delegate dEmitted = handler.CreateDelegate(tDelegate);
        addHandler.Invoke(exFormAsObj, new Object[] { dEmitted });

        // Show the form. Clicking on the form causes the two
        // delegates to be invoked.
        //
        Application.Run((Form) exFormAsObj);
    }

    private void LuckyHandler(Object sender, EventArgs e)
    {
        MessageBox.Show("This event handler just happened to be lying around.");
    }

    private Type[] GetDelegateParameterTypes(Type d)
    {
        if (d.BaseType != typeof(MulticastDelegate))
            throw new ApplicationException("Not a delegate.");

        MethodInfo invoke = d.GetMethod("Invoke");
        if (invoke == null)
            throw new ApplicationException("Not a delegate.");

        ParameterInfo[] parameters = invoke.GetParameters();
        Type[] typeParameters = new Type[parameters.Length];
        for (int i = 0; i < parameters.Length; i++)
        {
            typeParameters[i] = parameters[i].ParameterType;
        }
        return typeParameters;
    }

    private Type GetDelegateReturnType(Type d)
    {
        if (d.BaseType != typeof(MulticastDelegate))
            throw new ApplicationException("Not a delegate.");

        MethodInfo invoke = d.GetMethod("Invoke");
        if (invoke == null)
            throw new ApplicationException("Not a delegate.");

        return invoke.ReturnType;
    }
}

#using <System.dll>
#using <System.Windows.Forms.dll>

using namespace System;
using namespace System::Reflection;
using namespace System::Reflection::Emit;
using namespace System::Windows::Forms;

public ref class ExampleForm : public Form
{
public:
    ExampleForm() : Form()
    {
        this->Text = "Click me";
    }
};

public ref class Example
{
public:
    static void Main()
    {
        Example^ ex = gcnew Example();
        ex->HookUpDelegate();
    }

private:
    void HookUpDelegate()
    {
        // Load an assembly, for example using the Assembly.Load
        // method. In this case, the executing assembly is loaded, to
        // keep the demonstration simple.
        //
        Assembly^ assem = Assembly::GetExecutingAssembly();

        // Get the type that is to be loaded, and create an instance
        // of it. Activator::CreateInstance has other overloads, if
        // the type lacks a default constructor. The new instance
        // is stored as type Object, to maintain the fiction that
        // nothing is known about the assembly. (Note that you can
        // get the types in an assembly without knowing their names
        // in advance.)
        //
        Type^ tExForm = assem->GetType("ExampleForm");
        Object^ exFormAsObj = Activator::CreateInstance(tExForm);

        // Get an EventInfo representing the Click event, and get the
        // type of delegate that handles the event.
        //
        EventInfo^ evClick = tExForm->GetEvent("Click");
        Type^ tDelegate = evClick->EventHandlerType;

        // If you already have a method with the correct signature,
        // you can simply get a MethodInfo for it. 
        //
        MethodInfo^ miHandler =
            Type::GetType("Example")->GetMethod("LuckyHandler",
                BindingFlags::NonPublic | BindingFlags::Instance);
            
        // Create an instance of the delegate. Using the overloads
        // of CreateDelegate that take MethodInfo is recommended.
        //
        Delegate^ d = Delegate::CreateDelegate(tDelegate, this, miHandler);

        // Get the "add" accessor of the event and invoke it late-
        // bound, passing in the delegate instance. This is equivalent
        // to using the += operator in C#, or AddHandler in Visual
        // Basic. The instance on which the "add" accessor is invoked
        // is the form; the arguments must be passed as an array.
        //
        MethodInfo^ addHandler = evClick->GetAddMethod();
        array<Object^>^ addHandlerArgs = { d };
        addHandler->Invoke(exFormAsObj, addHandlerArgs);

        // Event handler methods can also be generated at run time,
        // using lightweight dynamic methods and Reflection.Emit.
        // To construct an event handler, you need the return type
        // and parameter types of the delegate. These can be obtained
        // by examining the delegate's Invoke method. 
        //
        // It is not necessary to name dynamic methods, so the empty 
        // string can be used. The last argument associates the 
        // dynamic method with the current type, giving the delegate
        // access to all the public and private members of Example,
        // as if it were an instance method.
        //
        Type^ returnType = GetDelegateReturnType(tDelegate);
        if (returnType != void::typeid)
            throw gcnew ApplicationException("Delegate has a return type.");

        DynamicMethod^ handler =
            gcnew DynamicMethod("",
                              nullptr,
                              GetDelegateParameterTypes(tDelegate),
                              Example::typeid);

        // Generate a method body. This method loads a string, calls 
        // the Show method overload that takes a string, pops the
        // return value off the stack (because the handler has no
        // return type), and returns.
        //
        ILGenerator^ ilgen = handler->GetILGenerator();

        array<Type^>^ showParameters = { String::typeid };
        MethodInfo^ simpleShow =
            MessageBox::typeid->GetMethod("Show", showParameters);

        ilgen->Emit(OpCodes::Ldstr,
            "This event handler was constructed at run time.");
        ilgen->Emit(OpCodes::Call, simpleShow);
        ilgen->Emit(OpCodes::Pop);
        ilgen->Emit(OpCodes::Ret);

        // Complete the dynamic method by calling its CreateDelegate
        // method. Use the "add" accessor to add the delegate to
        // the invocation list for the event.
        //
        Delegate^ dEmitted = handler->CreateDelegate(tDelegate);
        addHandler->Invoke(exFormAsObj, gcnew array<Object^> { dEmitted });

        // Show the form. Clicking on the form causes the two
        // delegates to be invoked.
        //
        Application::Run((Form^) exFormAsObj);
    }

    void LuckyHandler(Object^ sender, EventArgs^ e)
    {
        MessageBox::Show("This event handler just happened to be lying around.");
    }

    array<Type^>^ GetDelegateParameterTypes(Type^ d)
    {
        if (d->BaseType != MulticastDelegate::typeid)
            throw gcnew ApplicationException("Not a delegate.");

        MethodInfo^ invoke = d->GetMethod("Invoke");
        if (invoke == nullptr)
            throw gcnew ApplicationException("Not a delegate.");

        array<ParameterInfo^>^ parameters = invoke->GetParameters();
        array<Type^>^ typeParameters = gcnew array<Type^>(parameters->Length);
        for (int i = 0; i < parameters->Length; i++)
        {
            typeParameters[i] = parameters[i]->ParameterType;
        }
        return typeParameters;
    }

    Type^ GetDelegateReturnType(Type^ d)
    {
        if (d->BaseType != MulticastDelegate::typeid)
            throw gcnew ApplicationException("Not a delegate.");

        MethodInfo^ invoke = d->GetMethod("Invoke");
        if (invoke == nullptr)
            throw gcnew ApplicationException("Not a delegate.");

        return invoke->ReturnType;
    }
};

int main()
{
    Example::Main();
}

Compilando o código

O código contém C# using instruções (Imports em Visual Basic) necessário para compilação.
Nenhuma referência de assembly adicionais é necessária para compilar na linha de comando. No Visual Studio, você deve adicionar uma referência ao dll porque esse exemplo é um aplicativo de console.
Compile o código na linha de comando usando o CSC. exe, Vbc. exe ou cl. Para compilar o código de Visual Studio, coloque-o em um modelo de projeto de aplicativo de console.

Consulte também

Compartilhar via

Como: Ligar a um delegado usando reflexão

Para ligar a um delegado usando reflexão

Para gerar um manipulador de eventos em tempo de execução usando um método dinâmico

Exemplo

Compilando o código

Consulte também

Tarefas

Referência

Conceitos

Recursos adicionais