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How to: Modify an Office Open XML Document

This topic presents an example that opens an Office Open XML document, modifies it, and saves it.

For more information on Office Open XML, see www.openxmldeveloper.org.

Example

This example finds the first paragraph element in the document. It retrieves the text from the paragraph, and then deletes all text runs in the paragraph. It creates a new text run that consists of the first paragraph text that has been converted to upper case. It then serializes the changed XML into the Open XML package and closes it.

This example uses classes found in the WindowsBase assembly. It uses types in the System.IO.Packaging namespace.

public static class LocalExtensions
{
    public static string StringConcatenate(this IEnumerable<string> source)
    {
        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
        foreach (string s in source)
            sb.Append(s);
        return sb.ToString();
    }

    public static string StringConcatenate<T>(this IEnumerable<T> source,
        Func<T, string> func)
    {
        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
        foreach (T item in source)
            sb.Append(func(item));
        return sb.ToString();
    }

    public static string StringConcatenate(this IEnumerable<string> source, string separator)
    {
        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
        foreach (string s in source)
            sb.Append(s).Append(separator);
        return sb.ToString();
    }

    public static string StringConcatenate<T>(this IEnumerable<T> source,
        Func<T, string> func, string separator)
    {
        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
        foreach (T item in source)
            sb.Append(func(item)).Append(separator);
        return sb.ToString();
    }
}

class Program
{
    public static string ParagraphText(XElement e)
    {
        XNamespace w = e.Name.Namespace;
        return e
               .Elements(w + "r")
               .Elements(w + "t")
               .StringConcatenate(element => (string)element);
    }

    static void Main(string[] args)
    {
        const string fileName = "SampleDoc.docx";

        const string documentRelationshipType =
          "https://schemas.openxmlformats.org/officeDocument/2006/relationships/officeDocument";
        const string stylesRelationshipType =
          "https://schemas.openxmlformats.org/officeDocument/2006/relationships/styles";
        const string wordmlNamespace =
          "https://schemas.openxmlformats.org/wordprocessingml/2006/main";
        XNamespace w = wordmlNamespace;

        using (Package wdPackage = Package.Open(fileName, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.ReadWrite))
        {
            PackageRelationship docPackageRelationship =
              wdPackage.GetRelationshipsByType(documentRelationshipType).FirstOrDefault();
            if (docPackageRelationship != null)
            {
                Uri documentUri = PackUriHelper.ResolvePartUri(new Uri("/", UriKind.Relative),
                  docPackageRelationship.TargetUri);
                PackagePart documentPart = wdPackage.GetPart(documentUri);

                //  Load the document XML in the part into an XDocument instance.
                XDocument xDoc = XDocument.Load(XmlReader.Create(documentPart.GetStream()));

                //  Find the styles part. There will only be one.
                PackageRelationship styleRelation =
                  documentPart.GetRelationshipsByType(stylesRelationshipType).FirstOrDefault();
                PackagePart stylePart = null;
                XDocument styleDoc = null;

                if (styleRelation != null)
                {
                    Uri styleUri = PackUriHelper.ResolvePartUri(documentUri, styleRelation.TargetUri);
                    stylePart = wdPackage.GetPart(styleUri);

                    //  Load the style XML in the part into an XDocument instance.
                    styleDoc = XDocument.Load(XmlReader.Create(stylePart.GetStream()));
                }

                XElement paraNode = xDoc
                                    .Root
                                    .Element(w + "body")
                                    .Descendants(w + "p")
                                    .FirstOrDefault();

                string paraText = ParagraphText(paraNode);

                // remove all text runs
                paraNode.Descendants(w + "r").Remove();

                paraNode.Add(
                    new XElement(w + "r",
                        new XElement(w + "t", paraText.ToUpper())
                    )
                );

                //  Save the XML into the package
                using (XmlWriter xw =
                  XmlWriter.Create(documentPart.GetStream(FileMode.Create, FileAccess.Write)))
                {
                    xDoc.Save(xw);
                }

                Console.WriteLine("New first paragraph: >{0}<", paraText.ToUpper());
            }
        }
    }
}
Imports <xmlns:w="https://schemas.openxmlformats.org/wordprocessingml/2006/main">

Module Module1
    <System.Runtime.CompilerServices.Extension()> _
    Public Function StringConcatenate(ByVal source As IEnumerable(Of String)) As String
        Dim sb As StringBuilder = New StringBuilder()
        For Each s As String In source
            sb.Append(s)
        Next
        Return sb.ToString()
    End Function

    <System.Runtime.CompilerServices.Extension()> _
    Public Function StringConcatenate(Of T)(ByVal source As IEnumerable(Of T), _
    ByVal func As Func(Of T, String)) As String
        Dim sb As StringBuilder = New StringBuilder()
        For Each item As T In source
            sb.Append(func(item))
        Next
        Return sb.ToString()
    End Function

    <System.Runtime.CompilerServices.Extension()> _
    Public Function StringConcatenate(Of T)(ByVal source As IEnumerable(Of T), _
    ByVal separator As String) As String
        Dim sb As StringBuilder = New StringBuilder()
        For Each s As T In source
            sb.Append(s).Append(separator)
        Next
        Return sb.ToString()
    End Function

    <System.Runtime.CompilerServices.Extension()> _
    Public Function StringConcatenate(Of T)(ByVal source As IEnumerable(Of T), _
    ByVal func As Func(Of T, String), ByVal separator As String) As String
        Dim sb As StringBuilder = New StringBuilder()
        For Each item As T In source
            sb.Append(func(item)).Append(separator)
        Next
        Return sb.ToString()
    End Function

    Public Function ParagraphText(ByVal e As XElement) As String
        Dim w As XNamespace = e.Name.Namespace
        Return (e.<w:r>.<w:t>).StringConcatenate(Function(element) CStr(element))
    End Function

    ' Following function is required because VB does not support short circuit evaluation
    Private Function GetStyleOfParagraph(ByVal styleNode As XElement, _
                                         ByVal defaultStyle As String) As String
        If (styleNode Is Nothing) Then
            Return defaultStyle
        Else
            Return styleNode.@w:val
        End If
    End Function

    Sub Main()
        Dim fileName = "SampleDoc.docx"

        Dim documentRelationshipType = _
          "https://schemas.openxmlformats.org/officeDocument/2006/relationships/officeDocument"
        Dim stylesRelationshipType = _
          "https://schemas.openxmlformats.org/officeDocument/2006/relationships/styles"
        Dim wordmlNamespace = _
          "https://schemas.openxmlformats.org/wordprocessingml/2006/main"

        Using wdPackage As Package = Package.Open(fileName, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.ReadWrite)
            Dim docPackageRelationship As PackageRelationship = wdPackage _
                    .GetRelationshipsByType(documentRelationshipType).FirstOrDefault()
            If (docPackageRelationship IsNot Nothing) Then
                Dim documentUri As Uri = PackUriHelper.ResolvePartUri(New Uri("/", _
                            UriKind.Relative), docPackageRelationship.TargetUri)
                Dim documentPart As PackagePart = wdPackage.GetPart(documentUri)

                '  Load the document XML in the part into an XDocument instance.
                Dim xDoc As XDocument = XDocument.Load(XmlReader.Create(documentPart.GetStream()))

                '  Find the styles part. There will only be one.
                Dim styleRelation As PackageRelationship = documentPart _
                        .GetRelationshipsByType(stylesRelationshipType).FirstOrDefault()
                Dim stylePart As PackagePart = Nothing
                Dim styleDoc As XDocument = Nothing

                If (styleRelation IsNot Nothing) Then
                    Dim styleUri As Uri = PackUriHelper.ResolvePartUri( _
                            documentUri, styleRelation.TargetUri)
                    stylePart = wdPackage.GetPart(styleUri)

                    ' Load the style XML in the part into an XDocument instance.
                    styleDoc = XDocument.Load(XmlReader.Create(stylePart.GetStream()))
                End If

                Dim paraNode As XElement = xDoc.Root.<w:body>...<w:p>.FirstOrDefault()

                Dim paraText As String = ParagraphText(paraNode)

                ' Remove all text runs.
                paraNode...<w:r>.Remove()

                paraNode.Add(<w:r><w:t><%= paraText.ToUpper() %></w:t></w:r>)

                ' Save the XML into the package.
                Using xw As XmlWriter = _
                  XmlWriter.Create(documentPart.GetStream(FileMode.Create, FileAccess.Write))
                    xDoc.Save(xw)
                End Using

                Console.WriteLine("New first paragraph: >{0}<", paraText.ToUpper())
            End If
        End Using
    End Sub
End Module

If you open SampleDoc.docx after running this program, you can see that this program converted the first paragraph in the document to upper case.

When run with the sample Open XML document described in Creating the Source Office Open XML Document, this example produces the following output:

New first paragraph: >PARSING WORDPROCESSINGML WITH LINQ TO XML<

See Also

Concepts

Advanced Query Techniques (LINQ to XML)