Provide packaging and deployment information in project items

Artigo
02/02/2017

Applies to: Visual Studio Visual Studio for Mac

Note

This article applies to Visual Studio 2017. If you're looking for the latest Visual Studio documentation, see Visual Studio documentation. We recommend upgrading to the latest version of Visual Studio. Download it here

All SharePoint project items in Visual Studio have properties that you can use to provide additional data when the project is deployed to SharePoint. These properties are as follows:

Feature Properties
Feature Receivers
Project Output References
Safe Control Entries

These properties appear in the Properties window.

Feature properties

Use the Feature Properties property to specify data that the feature uses. Feature properties data is a set of values (stored as key/value pairs) that is included with a feature when it deploys to SharePoint. After the feature is deployed, you can access the property values in your code.

When you add a feature property value to a project item, the value is added as an element in the manifest of the item's feature. In a Business Data Connectivity (BDC) model project, for example, the ModelFileName feature property appears as:

<Property Key="ModelFileName" Value="BdcModel1\BdcModel1.bdcm" />

After you set a Feature Property value, it is added as a FeatureProperty element in the project's .spdata file. For information about accessing the properties in SharePoint, see SPFeaturePropertyCollection Class.

Identical feature property values from all project items are merged together in the feature manifest. However, if two different project items specify the same feature property key with non-matching values, a validation error occurs.

To add feature properties directly to the feature file (.feature), call the Visual Studio SharePoint object model method Add. If you use this method, be aware that the same rule about adding identical feature property values in Feature Properties also applies to properties added directly to the feature file.

Feature receiver

Feature receivers are code that executes when certain events occur to a project item's containing feature. For example, you can define feature receivers that execute when the feature is installed, activated, or upgraded. One way to add a feature receiver is to add it directly to a feature as described in Walkthrough: Add feature event receivers. Another way is to reference a feature receiver class name and assembly in the Feature Receiver property.

Direct method

When you add a feature receiver to a feature directly, a code file is placed under the Feature node in Solution Explorer. When you build your SharePoint solution, the code compiles into an assembly and deploys to SharePoint. By default, the feature properties Receiver Assembly and Receiver Class reference the class name and assembly.

Reference method

Another way to add a feature receiver is by using the Feature Receiver property of a project item to reference a feature receiver assembly. The Feature Receiver property value has two subproperties: Assembly and Class Name. The assembly must use its fully-qualified, "strong" name and the class name must be the full type name. For more information, see Strong-Named Assemblies. After deploying the solution to SharePoint, the feature uses the referenced feature receiver to handle feature events.

At solution build time, the feature receiver property values in the feature and its projects merge together to set the ReceiverAssembly and ReceiverClass attributes of the Feature element in the feature manifest of the SharePoint solution (.wsp) file. Therefore, if the Assembly and Class Name property values of a project item and a feature are both specified, the project item and feature property values must match. If the values do not match, you will receive a validation error. If you want a project item to reference a feature receiver assembly other than the one its feature uses, move it to another feature.

If you reference a feature receiver assembly that is not already on the server, you must also include the assembly file itself in the package; Visual Studio does not add it for you. When you deploy the feature, the assembly file is copied to either the system's global assembly cache (GAC) or the Bin folder in the SharePoint physical directory. For more information, see how to: How to: Add and remove additional assemblies.

For more information about feature receivers, see Feature Event Receiver and Feature Events.

Project output references

The Project Output References property specifies a dependency, such as an assembly, that your project item needs to run. For example, suppose your solution has a BDC project and a class project. If the BDC project has a dependency on the assembly that is output by the class project, you can reference the assembly in the BDC project's Project Output References property. When the BDC project is packaged, the dependent assembly is included in the package.

Project output references are usually assemblies, but in some cases (such as Silverlight projects) can be other file types.

For more information, see How to: Add a project output reference.

Safe control entries

SharePoint provides a security mechanism, called safe control entries, to limit the access of untrusted users to certain controls. By design, SharePoint allows untrusted users to upload and create ASPX pages on the SharePoint server. To prevent these users from adding unsafe code to ASPX pages, SharePoint limits their access to safe controls. Safe controls are ASPX controls and Web parts designated as secure and that can be used by any user on your site. For more information, see Step 4: Add your Web Part to the Safe Controls List.

Every SharePoint project item in Visual Studio has a property called Safe Control Entries that has two Boolean subproperties: Safe and Safe Against Script. The Safe property specifies whether untrusted users can access a control. The Safe Against Script property specifies whether untrusted users can view and change a control's properties.

Safe control entries are referenced on an assembly basis. You add safe control entries to a project's assembly by entering them in the project item's Safe Control Entries property. However, you can also add safe control entries to a project's assembly through the Advanced tab in the Package Designer when you add an additional assembly to the package. For more information, see How to: Mark controls as safe controls or Registering a Web Part Assembly as a Safe Control.

XML entries for safe controls

When you add a safe control entry to a project item or to the project's assembly, a reference is written to the package manifest in the following format:

<Assemblies>
    <Assembly Location="<assembly name>.dll"
      DeploymentTarget="<'GlobalAssemblyCache' or 'WebApplication'">>
        <SafeControls>
            <SafeControl Assembly="<assembly name>.dll" Namespace=
              "<SharePoint project name>" Safe="<true/false>"
                TypeName="<control name>"
                SafeAgainstScript="<true/false>" />
        </SafeControls>
    </Assembly>
</Assemblies>

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