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Início Rápido: configurar uma experiência de utilizador restrita com o Acesso Atribuído

  • Artigo

Este início rápido fornece exemplos práticos de como configurar uma experiência de utilizador restrita no Windows. Os exemplos descrevem os passos que utilizam uma solução de gestão de dispositivos móveis (MDM), como o Microsoft Intune, pacotes de aprovisionamento (PPKG) e o PowerShell. Embora sejam utilizadas diferentes soluções, as definições de configuração e os resultados são os mesmos.

Os exemplos podem ser modificados de acordo com os seus requisitos específicos. Por exemplo, pode adicionar ou remover aplicações da lista de aplicações permitidas ou alterar o nome do utilizador que inicia sessão automaticamente no Windows.

Pré-requisitos

Segue-se uma lista de requisitos para concluir este início rápido:

  • Um dispositivo Windows
  • Microsoft Intune ou uma solução de MDM que não seja da Microsoft, se quiser configurar as definições com a MDM
  • Windows Configuration Designer, se quiser configurar as definições com um pacote de aprovisionamento
  • Acesso à ferramenta psexec, se quiser testar a configuração com o Windows PowerShell

Configurar uma experiência de utilizador restrita

As instruções seguintes fornecem detalhes sobre como configurar os seus dispositivos. Selecione a opção mais adequada às suas necessidades.

Dica

Utilize a seguinte chamada do Graph para criar automaticamente uma política personalizada no seu inquilino do Microsoft Intune sem atribuições nem etiquetas de âmbito.

Ao utilizar esta chamada, autentique-se no seu inquilino na janela Do Explorador do Graph. Se for a primeira vez que utiliza o Graph Explorer, poderá ter de autorizar a aplicação a aceder ao seu inquilino ou modificar as permissões existentes. Esta chamada de gráfico requer permissões DeviceManagementConfiguration.ReadWrite.All .

POST https://graph.microsoft.com/beta/deviceManagement/deviceConfigurations
Content-Type: application/json

{ "id": "00-0000-0000-0000-000000000000", "displayName": "_MSLearn_Example_Restricted_User_Experience  - Assigned Access - Windows 10", "description": "This is a sample policy created from an article on learn.microsoft.com.", "roleScopeTagIds": [ "0" ], "@odata.type": "#microsoft.graph.windows10CustomConfiguration", "omaSettings": [ { "@odata.type": "#microsoft.graph.omaSettingString", "displayName": "AssignedAccess_Configuration", "description": null, "omaUri": "./Vendor/MSFT/AssignedAccess/Configuration", "secretReferenceValueId": null, "isEncrypted": true, "value": "<?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"utf-8\" ?>\n<AssignedAccessConfiguration\n    xmlns:xs=\"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema\"\n    xmlns=\"http://schemas.microsoft.com/AssignedAccess/2017/config\"\n    xmlns:default=\"http://schemas.microsoft.com/AssignedAccess/2017/config\"\n    xmlns:rs5=\"http://schemas.microsoft.com/AssignedAccess/201810/config\"\n    xmlns:v3=\"http://schemas.microsoft.com/AssignedAccess/2020/config\">\n    <Profiles>\n        <Profile Id=\"{9A2A490F-10F6-4764-974A-43B19E722C23}\">\n            <AllAppsList>\n                <AllowedApps>\n                    <App AppUserModelId=\"Microsoft.WindowsCalculator_8wekyb3d8bbwe!App\" />\n                    <App AppUserModelId=\"Microsoft.Windows.Photos_8wekyb3d8bbwe!App\" />\n                    <App AppUserModelId=\"Microsoft.BingWeather_8wekyb3d8bbwe!App\" />\n                    <App DesktopAppPath=\"C:\\Windows\\system32\\cmd.exe\" />\n                    <App DesktopAppPath=\"%windir%\\System32\\WindowsPowerShell\\v1.0\\Powershell.exe\" />\n                    <App DesktopAppPath=\"%windir%\\explorer.exe\" />\n                    <App AppUserModelId=\"windows.immersivecontrolpanel_cw5n1h2txyewy!microsoft.windows.immersivecontrolpanel\" />\n                    <App AppUserModelId=\"%ProgramFiles(x86)%\\Microsoft\\Edge\\Application\\msedge.exe\" />\n                </AllowedApps>\n            </AllAppsList>\n            <rs5:FileExplorerNamespaceRestrictions>\n                <rs5:AllowedNamespace Name=\"Downloads\"/>\n                <v3:AllowRemovableDrives/>\n            </rs5:FileExplorerNamespaceRestrictions>\n            <StartLayout>\n                <![CDATA[\n                    <LayoutModificationTemplate xmlns:defaultlayout=\"http://schemas.microsoft.com/Start/2014/FullDefaultLayout\" xmlns:start=\"http://schemas.microsoft.com/Start/2014/StartLayout\" Version=\"1\" xmlns=\"http://schemas.microsoft.com/Start/2014/LayoutModification\">\n                        <LayoutOptions StartTileGroupCellWidth=\"6\" />\n                        <DefaultLayoutOverride>\n                        <StartLayoutCollection>\n                            <defaultlayout:StartLayout GroupCellWidth=\"6\">\n                            <start:Group Name=\"\">\n                                <start:Tile Size=\"2x2\" Column=\"0\" Row=\"4\" AppUserModelID=\"windows.immersivecontrolpanel_cw5n1h2txyewy!microsoft.windows.immersivecontrolpanel\" />\n                                <start:DesktopApplicationTile Size=\"2x2\" Column=\"2\" Row=\"4\" DesktopApplicationLinkPath=\"%ALLUSERSPROFILE%\\Microsoft\\Windows\\Start Menu\\Programs\\Microsoft Edge.lnk\" />\n                                <start:Tile Size=\"2x2\" Column=\"4\" Row=\"0\" AppUserModelID=\"Microsoft.BingWeather_8wekyb3d8bbwe!App\" />\n                                <start:DesktopApplicationTile Size=\"2x2\" Column=\"4\" Row=\"2\" DesktopApplicationLinkPath=\"%APPDATA%\\Microsoft\\Windows\\Start Menu\\Programs\\System Tools\\File Explorer.lnk\" />\n                                <start:DesktopApplicationTile Size=\"2x2\" Column=\"2\" Row=\"2\" DesktopApplicationLinkPath=\"%APPDATA%\\Microsoft\\Windows\\Start Menu\\Programs\\Windows PowerShell\\Windows PowerShell.lnk\" />\n                                <start:Tile Size=\"2x2\" Column=\"2\" Row=\"0\" AppUserModelID=\"Microsoft.Windows.Photos_8wekyb3d8bbwe!App\" />\n                                <start:Tile Size=\"2x2\" Column=\"0\" Row=\"0\" AppUserModelID=\"Microsoft.WindowsCalculator_8wekyb3d8bbwe!App\" />\n                                <start:DesktopApplicationTile Size=\"2x2\" Column=\"0\" Row=\"2\" DesktopApplicationLinkPath=\"%APPDATA%\\Microsoft\\Windows\\Start Menu\\Programs\\System Tools\\Command Prompt.lnk\" />\n                            </start:Group>\n                            </defaultlayout:StartLayout>\n                        </StartLayoutCollection>\n                        </DefaultLayoutOverride>\n                    </LayoutModificationTemplate>\n                ]]>\n            </StartLayout>\n            <Taskbar ShowTaskbar=\"true\"/>\n        </Profile>\n    </Profiles>\n    <Configs>\n        <Config>\n            <AutoLogonAccount rs5:DisplayName=\"MS Learn Example\"/>\n            <DefaultProfile Id=\"{9A2A490F-10F6-4764-974A-43B19E722C23}\"/>\n        </Config>\n    </Configs>\n</AssignedAccessConfiguration>" } ] }

POST https://graph.microsoft.com/beta/deviceManagement/deviceConfigurations
Content-Type: application/json

{ "id": "00-0000-0000-0000-000000000000", "displayName": "_MSLearn_Example_Restricted_User_Experience  - Assigned Access - Windows 11", "description": "This is a sample policy created from an article on learn.microsoft.com.", "roleScopeTagIds": [ "0" ], "@odata.type": "#microsoft.graph.windows10CustomConfiguration", "omaSettings": [ { "@odata.type": "#microsoft.graph.omaSettingString", "displayName": "AssignedAccess_Configuration", "description": null, "omaUri": "./Vendor/MSFT/AssignedAccess/Configuration", "secretReferenceValueId": null, "isEncrypted": true, "value": "<?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"utf-8\" ?>\n<AssignedAccessConfiguration\n    xmlns:xs=\"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema\"\n    xmlns=\"http://schemas.microsoft.com/AssignedAccess/2017/config\"\n    xmlns:default=\"http://schemas.microsoft.com/AssignedAccess/2017/config\"\n    xmlns:rs5=\"http://schemas.microsoft.com/AssignedAccess/201810/config\"\n    xmlns:v3=\"http://schemas.microsoft.com/AssignedAccess/2020/config\"\n    xmlns:v5=\"http://schemas.microsoft.com/AssignedAccess/2022/config\">\n    <Profiles>\n        <Profile Id=\"{9A2A490F-10F6-4764-974A-43B19E722C23}\">\n            <AllAppsList>\n                <AllowedApps>\n                    <App AppUserModelId=\"Microsoft.WindowsCalculator_8wekyb3d8bbwe!App\" />\n                    <App AppUserModelId=\"Microsoft.Windows.Photos_8wekyb3d8bbwe!App\" />\n                    <App AppUserModelId=\"Microsoft.BingWeather_8wekyb3d8bbwe!App\" />\n                    <App DesktopAppPath=\"C:\\Windows\\system32\\cmd.exe\" />\n                    <App DesktopAppPath=\"%windir%\\System32\\WindowsPowerShell\\v1.0\\Powershell.exe\" />\n                    <App DesktopAppPath=\"%windir%\\explorer.exe\" />\n                    <App AppUserModelId=\"windows.immersivecontrolpanel_cw5n1h2txyewy!microsoft.windows.immersivecontrolpanel\" />\n                    <App AppUserModelId=\"%ProgramFiles(x86)%\\Microsoft\\Edge\\Application\\msedge.exe\" />\n                </AllowedApps>\n            </AllAppsList>\n            <rs5:FileExplorerNamespaceRestrictions>\n                <rs5:AllowedNamespace Name=\"Downloads\"/>\n                <v3:AllowRemovableDrives/>\n            </rs5:FileExplorerNamespaceRestrictions>\n            <v5:StartPins>\n                <![CDATA[{\n                    \"pinnedList\":[\n                        {\"packagedAppId\":\"Microsoft.WindowsCalculator_8wekyb3d8bbwe!App\"},\n                        {\"packagedAppId\":\"Microsoft.Windows.Photos_8wekyb3d8bbwe!App\"},\n                        {\"packagedAppId\":\"Microsoft.BingWeather_8wekyb3d8bbwe!App\"},\n                        {\"desktopAppLink\":\"%APPDATA%\\\\Microsoft\\\\Windows\\\\Start Menu\\\\Programs\\\\System Tools\\\\Command Prompt.lnk\"},\n                        {\"desktopAppLink\":\"%APPDATA%\\\\Microsoft\\\\Windows\\\\Start Menu\\\\Programs\\\\Windows PowerShell\\\\Windows PowerShell.lnk\"},\n                        {\"desktopAppLink\":\"%APPDATA%\\\\Microsoft\\\\Windows\\\\Start Menu\\\\Programs\\\\File Explorer.lnk\"},\n                        {\"packagedAppId\": \"windows.immersivecontrolpanel_cw5n1h2txyewy!microsoft.windows.immersivecontrolpanel\"},\n                        {\"desktopAppLink\": \"%ALLUSERSPROFILE%\\\\Microsoft\\\\Windows\\\\Start Menu\\\\Programs\\\\Microsoft Edge.lnk\"}\n                    ]\n                }]]>\n            </v5:StartPins>\n            <Taskbar ShowTaskbar=\"true\"/>\n        </Profile>\n    </Profiles>\n    <Configs>\n        <Config>\n            <AutoLogonAccount rs5:DisplayName=\"MS Learn Example\"/>\n            <DefaultProfile Id=\"{9A2A490F-10F6-4764-974A-43B19E722C23}\"/>\n        </Config>\n    </Configs>\n</AssignedAccessConfiguration>" } ] }

Atribua a política a um grupo que contém como membros os dispositivos ou utilizadores que pretende configurar.

Em alternativa, pode configurar dispositivos com uma política personalizada com o CSP AssignedAccess.

  • Definição:./Vendor/MSFT/AssignedAccess/Configuration
  • Valor:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<AssignedAccessConfiguration xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/AssignedAccess/2017/config" xmlns:default="http://schemas.microsoft.com/AssignedAccess/2017/config" xmlns:rs5="http://schemas.microsoft.com/AssignedAccess/201810/config" xmlns:v3="http://schemas.microsoft.com/AssignedAccess/2020/config">
  <Profiles>
    <Profile Id="{9A2A490F-10F6-4764-974A-43B19E722C23}">
      <AllAppsList>
        <AllowedApps>
          <App AppUserModelId="Microsoft.WindowsCalculator_8wekyb3d8bbwe!App" />
          <App AppUserModelId="Microsoft.Windows.Photos_8wekyb3d8bbwe!App" />
          <App AppUserModelId="Microsoft.BingWeather_8wekyb3d8bbwe!App" />
          <App DesktopAppPath="C:\Windows\system32\cmd.exe" />
          <App DesktopAppPath="%windir%\System32\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\Powershell.exe" />
          <App DesktopAppPath="%windir%\explorer.exe" />
          <App AppUserModelId="windows.immersivecontrolpanel_cw5n1h2txyewy!microsoft.windows.immersivecontrolpanel" />
          <App AppUserModelId="%ProgramFiles(x86)%\Microsoft\Edge\Application\msedge.exe" />
        </AllowedApps>
      </AllAppsList>
      <rs5:FileExplorerNamespaceRestrictions>
        <rs5:AllowedNamespace Name="Downloads" />
        <v3:AllowRemovableDrives />
      </rs5:FileExplorerNamespaceRestrictions>
      <StartLayout><![CDATA[
                    <LayoutModificationTemplate xmlns:defaultlayout="http://schemas.microsoft.com/Start/2014/FullDefaultLayout" xmlns:start="http://schemas.microsoft.com/Start/2014/StartLayout" Version="1" xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/Start/2014/LayoutModification">
                        <LayoutOptions StartTileGroupCellWidth="6" />
                        <DefaultLayoutOverride>
                        <StartLayoutCollection>
                            <defaultlayout:StartLayout GroupCellWidth="6">
                            <start:Group Name="">
                                <start:Tile Size="2x2" Column="0" Row="4" AppUserModelID="windows.immersivecontrolpanel_cw5n1h2txyewy!microsoft.windows.immersivecontrolpanel" />
                                <start:DesktopApplicationTile Size="2x2" Column="2" Row="4" DesktopApplicationLinkPath="%ALLUSERSPROFILE%\Microsoft\Windows\Start Menu\Programs\Microsoft Edge.lnk" />
                                <start:Tile Size="2x2" Column="4" Row="0" AppUserModelID="Microsoft.BingWeather_8wekyb3d8bbwe!App" />
                                <start:DesktopApplicationTile Size="2x2" Column="4" Row="2" DesktopApplicationLinkPath="%APPDATA%\Microsoft\Windows\Start Menu\Programs\System Tools\File Explorer.lnk" />
                                <start:DesktopApplicationTile Size="2x2" Column="2" Row="2" DesktopApplicationLinkPath="%APPDATA%\Microsoft\Windows\Start Menu\Programs\Windows PowerShell\Windows PowerShell.lnk" />
                                <start:Tile Size="2x2" Column="2" Row="0" AppUserModelID="Microsoft.Windows.Photos_8wekyb3d8bbwe!App" />
                                <start:Tile Size="2x2" Column="0" Row="0" AppUserModelID="Microsoft.WindowsCalculator_8wekyb3d8bbwe!App" />
                                <start:DesktopApplicationTile Size="2x2" Column="0" Row="2" DesktopApplicationLinkPath="%APPDATA%\Microsoft\Windows\Start Menu\Programs\System Tools\Command Prompt.lnk" />
                            </start:Group>
                            </defaultlayout:StartLayout>
                        </StartLayoutCollection>
                        </DefaultLayoutOverride>
                    </LayoutModificationTemplate>
                ]]></StartLayout>
      <Taskbar ShowTaskbar="true" />
    </Profile>
  </Profiles>
  <Configs>
    <Config>
      <AutoLogonAccount rs5:DisplayName="MS Learn Example" />
      <DefaultProfile Id="{9A2A490F-10F6-4764-974A-43B19E722C23}" />
    </Config>
  </Configs>
</AssignedAccessConfiguration>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<AssignedAccessConfiguration xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/AssignedAccess/2017/config" xmlns:default="http://schemas.microsoft.com/AssignedAccess/2017/config" xmlns:rs5="http://schemas.microsoft.com/AssignedAccess/201810/config" xmlns:v3="http://schemas.microsoft.com/AssignedAccess/2020/config" xmlns:v5="http://schemas.microsoft.com/AssignedAccess/2022/config">
  <Profiles>
    <Profile Id="{9A2A490F-10F6-4764-974A-43B19E722C23}">
      <AllAppsList>
        <AllowedApps>
          <App AppUserModelId="Microsoft.WindowsCalculator_8wekyb3d8bbwe!App" />
          <App AppUserModelId="Microsoft.Windows.Photos_8wekyb3d8bbwe!App" />
          <App AppUserModelId="Microsoft.BingWeather_8wekyb3d8bbwe!App" />
          <App DesktopAppPath="C:\Windows\system32\cmd.exe" />
          <App DesktopAppPath="%windir%\System32\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\Powershell.exe" />
          <App DesktopAppPath="%windir%\explorer.exe" />
          <App AppUserModelId="windows.immersivecontrolpanel_cw5n1h2txyewy!microsoft.windows.immersivecontrolpanel" />
          <App AppUserModelId="%ProgramFiles(x86)%\Microsoft\Edge\Application\msedge.exe" />
        </AllowedApps>
      </AllAppsList>
      <rs5:FileExplorerNamespaceRestrictions>
        <rs5:AllowedNamespace Name="Downloads" />
        <v3:AllowRemovableDrives />
      </rs5:FileExplorerNamespaceRestrictions>
      <v5:StartPins><![CDATA[{
                    "pinnedList":[
                        {"packagedAppId":"Microsoft.WindowsCalculator_8wekyb3d8bbwe!App"},
                        {"packagedAppId":"Microsoft.Windows.Photos_8wekyb3d8bbwe!App"},
                        {"packagedAppId":"Microsoft.BingWeather_8wekyb3d8bbwe!App"},
                        {"desktopAppLink":"%APPDATA%\\Microsoft\\Windows\\Start Menu\\Programs\\System Tools\\Command Prompt.lnk"},
                        {"desktopAppLink":"%APPDATA%\\Microsoft\\Windows\\Start Menu\\Programs\\Windows PowerShell\\Windows PowerShell.lnk"},
                        {"desktopAppLink":"%APPDATA%\\Microsoft\\Windows\\Start Menu\\Programs\\File Explorer.lnk"},
                        {"packagedAppId": "windows.immersivecontrolpanel_cw5n1h2txyewy!microsoft.windows.immersivecontrolpanel"},
                        {"desktopAppLink": "%ALLUSERSPROFILE%\\Microsoft\\Windows\\Start Menu\\Programs\\Microsoft Edge.lnk"}
                    ]
                }]]></v5:StartPins>
      <Taskbar ShowTaskbar="true" />
    </Profile>
  </Profiles>
  <Configs>
    <Config>
      <AutoLogonAccount rs5:DisplayName="MS Learn Example" />
      <DefaultProfile Id="{9A2A490F-10F6-4764-974A-43B19E722C23}" />
    </Config>
  </Configs>
</AssignedAccessConfiguration>

Experiência do usuário

Depois de as definições serem aplicadas, reinicie o dispositivo. Uma conta de utilizador local tem sessão iniciada automaticamente, com acesso a um conjunto limitado de aplicações, que são afixadas no menu Iniciar.

Captura de ecrã do ambiente de trabalho do Windows 11 utilizado para o início rápido.

Captura de ecrã do ambiente de trabalho do Windows 10 utilizado para o início rápido.

Próximas etapas

Saiba mais sobre o Acesso Atribuído e como configurá-lo:

Descrição geral do Acesso Atribuído