Membership.RequiresQuestionAndAnswer Свойство
Определение
Важно!
Некоторые сведения относятся к предварительной версии продукта, в которую до выпуска могут быть внесены существенные изменения. Майкрософт не предоставляет никаких гарантий, явных или подразумеваемых, относительно приведенных здесь сведений.
Возвращает значение, показывающее, настроен ли поставщик участия по умолчанию, чтобы запрашивать у пользователя ответ на контрольный вопрос для изменения или извлечения пароля.
public:
static property bool RequiresQuestionAndAnswer { bool get(); };
public static bool RequiresQuestionAndAnswer { get; }
static member RequiresQuestionAndAnswer : bool
Public Shared ReadOnly Property RequiresQuestionAndAnswer As Boolean
Значение свойства
Значение true
, если для сброса и извлечения пароля требуется ответ на проверочный вопрос; в противном случае — значение false
.
Примеры
В следующем примере кода показан элемент членства в system.web
разделе файла Web.config для приложения ASP.NET. Он указывает, что приложение использует экземпляр SqlMembershipProvider, разрешает сброс пароля и требует ответа на пароль при выполнении сброса.
<membership defaultProvider="SqlProvider" userIsOnlineTimeWindow="20">
<providers>
<add name="SqlProvider"
type="System.Web.Security.SqlMembershipProvider"
connectionStringName="SqlServices"
enablePasswordRetrieval="false"
enablePasswordReset="true"
requiresQuestionAndAnswer="true"
passwordFormat="Hashed"
applicationName="MyApplication" />
</providers>
</membership>
В следующем примере кода проверяется значение RequiresQuestionAndAnswer и добавляются необходимые элементы управления для вопроса и ответа на пароль, которые будут предоставлены при создании пользователя.
Важно!
Этот пример включает текстовое поле, которое принимает введенные пользователем данные, что является потенциальной угрозой безопасности. По умолчанию данные, вводимые пользователем на веб-страницах ASP.NET, проверяются на наличие скриптов и HTML-элементов. Дополнительные сведения см. в разделе Общие сведения об использовании сценариев.
<%@ Page Language="C#" %>
<%@ Import Namespace="System.Web.Security" %>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<script runat="server">
public void CreateUser_OnClick(object sender, EventArgs args)
{
// Create new user and retrieve create status result.
MembershipCreateStatus status;
string passwordQuestion = "";
string passwordAnswer = "";
if (Membership.RequiresQuestionAndAnswer)
{
passwordQuestion = PasswordQuestionTextbox.Text;
passwordAnswer = PasswordAnswerTextbox.Text;
}
try
{
MembershipUser newUser = Membership.CreateUser(UsernameTextbox.Text, PasswordTextbox.Text,
EmailTextbox.Text, passwordQuestion,
passwordAnswer, true, out status);
if (newUser == null)
{
Msg.Text = GetErrorMessage(status);
}
else
{
Response.Redirect("login.aspx");
}
}
catch
{
Msg.Text = "An exception occurred creating the user.";
}
}
public string GetErrorMessage(MembershipCreateStatus status)
{
switch (status)
{
case MembershipCreateStatus.DuplicateUserName:
return "Username already exists. Please enter a different user name.";
case MembershipCreateStatus.DuplicateEmail:
return "A username for that email address already exists. Please enter a different email address.";
case MembershipCreateStatus.InvalidPassword:
return "The password provided is invalid. Please enter a valid password value.";
case MembershipCreateStatus.InvalidEmail:
return "The email address provided is invalid. Please check the value and try again.";
case MembershipCreateStatus.InvalidAnswer:
return "The password retrieval answer provided is invalid. Please check the value and try again.";
case MembershipCreateStatus.InvalidQuestion:
return "The password retrieval question provided is invalid. Please check the value and try again.";
case MembershipCreateStatus.InvalidUserName:
return "The user name provided is invalid. Please check the value and try again.";
case MembershipCreateStatus.ProviderError:
return "The authentication provider returned an error. Please verify your entry and try again. If the problem persists, please contact your system administrator.";
case MembershipCreateStatus.UserRejected:
return "The user creation request has been canceled. Please verify your entry and try again. If the problem persists, please contact your system administrator.";
default:
return "An unknown error occurred. Please verify your entry and try again. If the problem persists, please contact your system administrator.";
}
}
</script>
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" >
<head>
<title>Create User</title>
</head>
<body>
<form id="form1" runat="server">
<h3>Create New User</h3>
<asp:Label id="Msg" ForeColor="maroon" runat="server" /><br />
<table cellpadding="3" border="0">
<tr>
<td>Username:</td>
<td><asp:Textbox id="UsernameTextbox" runat="server" /></td>
<td><asp:RequiredFieldValidator id="UsernameRequiredValidator" runat="server"
ControlToValidate="UserNameTextbox" ForeColor="red"
Display="Static" ErrorMessage="Required" /></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Password:</td>
<td><asp:Textbox id="PasswordTextbox" runat="server" TextMode="Password" /></td>
<td><asp:RequiredFieldValidator id="PasswordRequiredValidator" runat="server"
ControlToValidate="PasswordTextbox" ForeColor="red"
Display="Static" ErrorMessage="Required" /></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Confirm Password:</td>
<td><asp:Textbox id="PasswordConfirmTextbox" runat="server" TextMode="Password" /></td>
<td><asp:RequiredFieldValidator id="PasswordConfirmRequiredValidator" runat="server"
ControlToValidate="PasswordConfirmTextbox" ForeColor="red"
Display="Static" ErrorMessage="Required" />
<asp:CompareValidator id="PasswordConfirmCompareValidator" runat="server"
ControlToValidate="PasswordConfirmTextbox" ForeColor="red"
Display="Static" ControlToCompare="PasswordTextBox"
ErrorMessage="Confirm password must match password." />
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Email Address:</td>
<td><asp:Textbox id="EmailTextbox" runat="server" /></td>
<td><asp:RequiredFieldValidator id="EmailRequiredValidator" runat="server"
ControlToValidate="EmailTextbox" ForeColor="red"
Display="Static" ErrorMessage="Required" /></td>
</tr>
<% if (Membership.RequiresQuestionAndAnswer) { %>
<tr>
<td>Password Question:</td>
<td><asp:Textbox id="PasswordQuestionTextbox" runat="server" /></td>
<td><asp:RequiredFieldValidator id="PasswordQuestionRequiredValidator" runat="server"
ControlToValidate="PasswordQuestionTextbox" ForeColor="red"
Display="Static" ErrorMessage="Required" /></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Password Answer:</td>
<td><asp:Textbox id="PasswordAnswerTextbox" runat="server" /></td>
<td><asp:RequiredFieldValidator id="PasswordAnswerRequiredValidator" runat="server"
ControlToValidate="PasswordAnswerTextbox" ForeColor="red"
Display="Static" ErrorMessage="Required" /></td>
</tr>
<% } %>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td><asp:Button id="CreateUserButton" Text="Create User" OnClick="CreateUser_OnClick" runat="server" /></td>
</tr>
</table>
</form>
</body>
</html>
<%@ Page Language="VB" %>
<%@ Import Namespace="System.Web.Security" %>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<script runat="server">
Public Sub CreateUser_OnClick(sender As Object, args As EventArgs)
' Create new user and retrieve create status result.
Dim status As MembershipCreateStatus
Dim passwordQuestion As String = ""
Dim passwordAnswer As String = ""
If Membership.RequiresQuestionAndAnswer Then
passwordQuestion = PasswordQuestionTextbox.Text
passwordAnswer = PasswordAnswerTextbox.Text
End If
Try
Dim newUser As MembershipUser = Membership.CreateUser(UsernameTextbox.Text, PasswordTextbox.Text, _
EmailTextbox.Text, passwordQuestion, _
passwordAnswer, True, status)
If newUser Is Nothing Then
Msg.Text = GetErrorMessage(status)
Else
Response.Redirect("login.aspx")
End If
Catch
Msg.Text = "An exception occurred creating the user."
End Try
End Sub
Public Function GetErrorMessage(status As MembershipCreateStatus) As String
Select Case status
Case MembershipCreateStatus.DuplicateUserName:
Return "Username already exists. Please enter a different user name."
Case MembershipCreateStatus.DuplicateEmail:
Return "A username for that email address already exists. Please enter a different email address."
Case MembershipCreateStatus.InvalidPassword:
Return "The password provided is invalid. Please enter a valid password value."
Case MembershipCreateStatus.InvalidEmail:
Return "The email address provided is invalid. Please check the value and try again."
Case MembershipCreateStatus.InvalidAnswer:
Return "The password retrieval answer provided is invalid. Please check the value and try again."
Case MembershipCreateStatus.InvalidQuestion:
Return "The password retrieval question provided is invalid. Please check the value and try again."
Case MembershipCreateStatus.InvalidUserName
Return "The user name provided is invalid. Please check the value and try again."
Case MembershipCreateStatus.ProviderError:
Return "The authentication provider returned an error. Please verify your entry and try again. If the problem persists, please contact your system administrator."
Case MembershipCreateStatus.UserRejected:
Return "The user creation request has been canceled. Please verify your entry and try again. If the problem persists, please contact your system administrator."
Case Else:
Return "An unknown error occurred. Please verify your entry and try again. If the problem persists, please contact your system administrator."
End Select
End Function
</script>
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" >
<head>
<title>Create User</title>
</head>
<body>
<form id="form1" runat="server">
<h3>Create New User</h3>
<asp:Label id="Msg" ForeColor="maroon" runat="server" />
<table cellpadding="3" border="0">
<tr>
<td>Username:</td>
<td><asp:Textbox id="UsernameTextbox" runat="server" /></td>
<td><asp:RequiredFieldValidator id="UsernameRequiredValidator" runat="server"
ControlToValidate="UserNameTextbox" ForeColor="red"
Display="Static" ErrorMessage="Required" /></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Password:</td>
<td><asp:Textbox id="PasswordTextbox" runat="server" TextMode="Password" /></td>
<td><asp:RequiredFieldValidator id="PasswordRequiredValidator" runat="server"
ControlToValidate="PasswordTextbox" ForeColor="red"
Display="Static" ErrorMessage="Required" /></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Confirm Password:</td>
<td><asp:Textbox id="PasswordConfirmTextbox" runat="server" TextMode="Password" /></td>
<td><asp:RequiredFieldValidator id="PasswordConfirmRequiredValidator" runat="server"
ControlToValidate="PasswordConfirmTextbox" ForeColor="red"
Display="Static" ErrorMessage="Required" />
<asp:CompareValidator id="PasswordConfirmCompareValidator" runat="server"
ControlToValidate="PasswordConfirmTextbox" ForeColor="red"
Display="Static" ControlToCompare="PasswordTextBox"
ErrorMessage="Confirm password must match password." />
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Email Address:</td>
<td><asp:Textbox id="EmailTextbox" runat="server" /></td>
<td><asp:RequiredFieldValidator id="EmailRequiredValidator" runat="server"
ControlToValidate="EmailTextbox" ForeColor="red"
Display="Static" ErrorMessage="Required" /></td>
</tr>
<% If Membership.RequiresQuestionAndAnswer Then %>
<tr>
<td>Password Question:</td>
<td><asp:Textbox id="PasswordQuestionTextbox" runat="server" /></td>
<td><asp:RequiredFieldValidator id="PasswordQuestionRequiredValidator" runat="server"
ControlToValidate="PasswordQuestionTextbox" ForeColor="red"
Display="Static" ErrorMessage="Required" /></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Password Answer:</td>
<td><asp:Textbox id="PasswordAnswerTextbox" runat="server" /></td>
<td><asp:RequiredFieldValidator id="PasswordAnswerRequiredValidator" runat="server"
ControlToValidate="PasswordAnswerTextbox" ForeColor="red"
Display="Static" ErrorMessage="Required" /></td>
</tr>
<% End If %>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td><asp:Button id="CreateUserButton" Text="Create User" OnClick="CreateUser_OnClick" runat="server" /></td>
</tr>
</table>
</form>
</body>
</html>
Комментарии
Требование вопроса и ответа по паролю обеспечивает дополнительный уровень безопасности при получении или сбросе пароля пользователя. Пользователи могут задавать вопросы и ответы при создании имени пользователя, которые впоследствии можно использовать для получения или сброса забытого пароля.
RequiresQuestionAndAnswer проверяется при ResetPassword вызове или GetPassword . Поставщик, поставляемый с платформой .NET Framework, выдает , NotSupportedException если имеет значение true
, а предоставленный ответ пароля — null
RequiresQuestionAndAnswer .
Если EnablePasswordReset и EnablePasswordRetrieval являются false
, RequiresQuestionAndAnswer можно по-прежнему использовать для принудительного создания вопросов и ответов при создании новых пользователей, однако вопрос и ответ не будут использоваться. Вы сможете получить вопрос с помощью MembershipUser класса .
Дополнительные сведения см. в разделах ResetPassword и GetPassword.