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Custom orchestration status in Durable Functions (Azure Functions)

Custom orchestration status lets you set a custom status value for your orchestrator function. This status is provided via the HTTP GetStatus API or the equivalent SDK API on the orchestration client object.

Sample use cases

Visualize progress

Clients can poll the status end point and display a progress UI that visualizes the current execution stage. The following sample demonstrates progress sharing:

Note

These C# examples are written for Durable Functions 2.x and are not compatible with Durable Functions 1.x. For more information about the differences between versions, see the Durable Functions versions article.

[FunctionName("E1_HelloSequence")]
public static async Task<List<string>> Run(
    [OrchestrationTrigger] IDurableOrchestrationContext context)
{
    var outputs = new List<string>();

    outputs.Add(await context.CallActivityAsync<string>("E1_SayHello", "Tokyo"));
    context.SetCustomStatus("Tokyo");
    outputs.Add(await context.CallActivityAsync<string>("E1_SayHello", "Seattle"));
    context.SetCustomStatus("Seattle");
    outputs.Add(await context.CallActivityAsync<string>("E1_SayHello", "London"));
    context.SetCustomStatus("London");

    // returns ["Hello Tokyo!", "Hello Seattle!", "Hello London!"]
    return outputs;
}

[FunctionName("E1_SayHello")]
public static string SayHello([ActivityTrigger] string name)
{
    return $"Hello {name}!";
}

And then the client will receive the output of the orchestration only when CustomStatus field is set to "London":

[FunctionName("HttpStart")]
public static async Task<HttpResponseMessage> Run(
    [HttpTrigger(AuthorizationLevel.Function, methods: "post", Route = "orchestrators/{functionName}")] HttpRequestMessage req,
    [DurableClient] IDurableOrchestrationClient starter,
    string functionName,
    ILogger log)
{
    // Function input comes from the request content.
    dynamic eventData = await req.Content.ReadAsAsync<object>();
    string instanceId = await starter.StartNewAsync(functionName, (string)eventData);

    log.LogInformation($"Started orchestration with ID = '{instanceId}'.");

    DurableOrchestrationStatus durableOrchestrationStatus = await starter.GetStatusAsync(instanceId);
    while (durableOrchestrationStatus.CustomStatus.ToString() != "London")
    {
        await Task.Delay(200);
        durableOrchestrationStatus = await starter.GetStatusAsync(instanceId);
    }

    HttpResponseMessage httpResponseMessage = new HttpResponseMessage(HttpStatusCode.OK)
    {
        Content = new StringContent(JsonConvert.SerializeObject(durableOrchestrationStatus))
    };

    return httpResponseMessage;
  }
}

Output customization

Another interesting scenario is segmenting users by returning customized output based on unique characteristics or interactions. With the help of custom orchestration status, the client-side code will stay generic. All main modifications will happen on the server side as shown in the following sample:

[FunctionName("CityRecommender")]
public static void Run(
  [OrchestrationTrigger] IDurableOrchestrationContext context)
{
  int userChoice = context.GetInput<int>();

  switch (userChoice)
  {
    case 1:
    context.SetCustomStatus(new
    {
      recommendedCities = new[] {"Tokyo", "Seattle"},
      recommendedSeasons = new[] {"Spring", "Summer"}
     });
      break;
    case 2:
      context.SetCustomStatus(new
      {
        recommendedCities = new[] {"Seattle, London"},
        recommendedSeasons = new[] {"Summer"}
      });
        break;
      case 3:
      context.SetCustomStatus(new
      {
        recommendedCities = new[] {"Tokyo, London"},
        recommendedSeasons = new[] {"Spring", "Summer"}
      });
        break;
  }

  // Wait for user selection and refine the recommendation
}

Instruction specification

The orchestrator can provide unique instructions to the clients via the custom state. The custom status instructions will be mapped to the steps in the orchestration code:

[FunctionName("ReserveTicket")]
public static async Task<bool> Run(
  [OrchestrationTrigger] IDurableOrchestrationContext context)
{
  string userId = context.GetInput<string>();

  int discount = await context.CallActivityAsync<int>("CalculateDiscount", userId);

  context.SetCustomStatus(new
  {
    discount = discount,
    discountTimeout = 60,
    bookingUrl = "https://www.myawesomebookingweb.com",
  });

  bool isBookingConfirmed = await context.WaitForExternalEvent<bool>("BookingConfirmed");

  context.SetCustomStatus(isBookingConfirmed
    ? new {message = "Thank you for confirming your booking."}
    : new {message = "The booking was not confirmed on time. Please try again."});

  return isBookingConfirmed;
}

Querying custom status with HTTP

The following example shows how custom status values can be queried using the built-in HTTP APIs.

public static async Task SetStatusTest([OrchestrationTrigger] IDurableOrchestrationContext context)
{
    // ...do work...

    // update the status of the orchestration with some arbitrary data
    var customStatus = new { nextActions = new [] {"A", "B", "C"}, foo = 2, };
    context.SetCustomStatus(customStatus);

    // ...do more work...
}

While the orchestration is running, external clients can fetch this custom status:

GET /runtime/webhooks/durabletask/instances/instance123

Clients will get the following response:

{
  "runtimeStatus": "Running",
  "input": null,
  "customStatus": { "nextActions": ["A", "B", "C"], "foo": 2 },
  "output": null,
  "createdTime": "2019-10-06T18:30:24Z",
  "lastUpdatedTime": "2019-10-06T19:40:30Z"
}

Warning

The custom status payload is limited to 16 KB of UTF-16 JSON text. We recommend you use external storage if you need a larger payload.

Next steps