Snabbstart: Skapa en intern lastbalanserare för att belastningsutjämning av virtuella datorer med hjälp av en ARM-mall
I den här snabbstarten lär du dig att använda en Azure Resource Manager-mall (ARM-mall) för att skapa en intern Azure-lastbalanserare. Den interna lastbalanseraren distribuerar trafik till virtuella datorer i ett virtuellt nätverk som finns i lastbalanserarens serverdelspool. Tillsammans med den interna lastbalanseraren skapar den här mallen ett virtuellt nätverk, nätverksgränssnitt, en NAT Gateway och en Azure Bastion-instans.
Med hjälp av en ARM-mall utförs färre steg jämfört med andra distributionsmetoder.
En Azure Resource Manager-mall är en JSON-fil (JavaScript Object Notation) som definierar infrastrukturen och konfigurationen för projektet. Mallen använder deklarativ syntax. Du beskriver den avsedda distributionen utan att skriva sekvensen med programmeringskommandon för att skapa distributionen.
Om din miljö uppfyller förhandskraven och du är van att använda ARM-mallar väljer du knappen Distribuera till Azure. Mallen öppnas i Azure-portalen.
Förutsättningar
Om du inte har någon Azure-prenumeration skapar du ett kostnadsfritt konto innan du börjar.
Granska mallen
Mallen som används i den här snabbstarten kommer från Azure-snabbstartsmallarna.
{
"$schema": "https://schema.management.azure.com/schemas/2019-04-01/deploymentTemplate.json#",
"contentVersion": "1.0.0.0",
"metadata": {
"_generator": {
"name": "bicep",
"version": "0.27.1.19265",
"templateHash": "14348520895393914284"
}
},
"parameters": {
"adminUsername": {
"type": "string",
"metadata": {
"description": "Admin username"
}
},
"adminPassword": {
"type": "securestring",
"metadata": {
"description": "Admin password"
}
},
"vmNamePrefix": {
"type": "string",
"defaultValue": "BackendVM",
"metadata": {
"description": "Prefix to use for VM names"
}
},
"location": {
"type": "string",
"defaultValue": "[resourceGroup().location]",
"metadata": {
"description": "Location for all resources."
}
},
"vmSize": {
"type": "string",
"defaultValue": "Standard_D2s_v3",
"metadata": {
"description": "Size of VM"
}
},
"vNetAddressPrefix": {
"type": "string",
"defaultValue": "10.0.0.0/16",
"metadata": {
"description": "Virtual network address prefix"
}
},
"vNetSubnetAddressPrefix": {
"type": "string",
"defaultValue": "10.0.0.0/24",
"metadata": {
"description": "Backend subnet address prefix"
}
},
"vNetBastionSubnetAddressPrefix": {
"type": "string",
"defaultValue": "10.0.2.0/24",
"metadata": {
"description": "Bastion subnet address prefix"
}
},
"lbPublicIPAddress": {
"type": "string",
"defaultValue": "10.0.0.6",
"metadata": {
"description": "Public IP address of load balancer"
}
}
},
"variables": {
"natGatewayName": "lb-nat-gateway",
"natGatewayPublicIPAddressName": "lb-nat-gateway-ip",
"vNetName": "lb-vnet",
"vNetSubnetName": "backend-subnet",
"storageAccountType": "Standard_LRS",
"storageAccountName": "[uniqueString(resourceGroup().id)]",
"loadBalancerName": "internal-lb",
"networkInterfaceName": "lb-nic",
"numberOfInstances": 2,
"lbSkuName": "Standard",
"bastionName": "lb-bastion",
"bastionSubnetName": "AzureBastionSubnet",
"bastionPublicIPAddressName": "lb-bastion-ip"
},
"resources": [
{
"type": "Microsoft.Network/natGateways",
"apiVersion": "2023-09-01",
"name": "[variables('natGatewayName')]",
"location": "[parameters('location')]",
"sku": {
"name": "Standard"
},
"properties": {
"idleTimeoutInMinutes": 4,
"publicIpAddresses": [
{
"id": "[resourceId('Microsoft.Network/publicIPAddresses', variables('natGatewayPublicIPAddressName'))]"
}
]
},
"dependsOn": [
"[resourceId('Microsoft.Network/publicIPAddresses', variables('natGatewayPublicIPAddressName'))]"
]
},
{
"type": "Microsoft.Network/publicIPAddresses",
"apiVersion": "2023-09-01",
"name": "[variables('natGatewayPublicIPAddressName')]",
"location": "[parameters('location')]",
"sku": {
"name": "Standard"
},
"properties": {
"publicIPAddressVersion": "IPv4",
"publicIPAllocationMethod": "Static",
"idleTimeoutInMinutes": 4
}
},
{
"type": "Microsoft.Network/virtualNetworks",
"apiVersion": "2023-09-01",
"name": "[variables('vNetName')]",
"location": "[parameters('location')]",
"properties": {
"addressSpace": {
"addressPrefixes": [
"[parameters('vNetAddressPrefix')]"
]
}
}
},
{
"type": "Microsoft.Network/virtualNetworks/subnets",
"apiVersion": "2023-09-01",
"name": "[format('{0}/{1}', variables('vNetName'), variables('bastionSubnetName'))]",
"properties": {
"addressPrefix": "[parameters('vNetBastionSubnetAddressPrefix')]"
},
"dependsOn": [
"[resourceId('Microsoft.Network/virtualNetworks', variables('vNetName'))]"
]
},
{
"type": "Microsoft.Network/virtualNetworks/subnets",
"apiVersion": "2023-09-01",
"name": "[format('{0}/{1}', variables('vNetName'), variables('vNetSubnetName'))]",
"properties": {
"addressPrefix": "[parameters('vNetSubnetAddressPrefix')]",
"natGateway": {
"id": "[resourceId('Microsoft.Network/natGateways', variables('natGatewayName'))]"
}
},
"dependsOn": [
"[resourceId('Microsoft.Network/natGateways', variables('natGatewayName'))]",
"[resourceId('Microsoft.Network/virtualNetworks', variables('vNetName'))]"
]
},
{
"type": "Microsoft.Network/bastionHosts",
"apiVersion": "2023-09-01",
"name": "[variables('bastionName')]",
"location": "[parameters('location')]",
"properties": {
"ipConfigurations": [
{
"name": "IpConf",
"properties": {
"privateIPAllocationMethod": "Dynamic",
"publicIPAddress": {
"id": "[resourceId('Microsoft.Network/publicIPAddresses', variables('bastionPublicIPAddressName'))]"
},
"subnet": {
"id": "[resourceId('Microsoft.Network/virtualNetworks/subnets', variables('vNetName'), variables('bastionSubnetName'))]"
}
}
}
]
},
"dependsOn": [
"[resourceId('Microsoft.Network/publicIPAddresses', variables('bastionPublicIPAddressName'))]",
"[resourceId('Microsoft.Network/virtualNetworks/subnets', variables('vNetName'), variables('bastionSubnetName'))]"
]
},
{
"type": "Microsoft.Network/publicIPAddresses",
"apiVersion": "2023-09-01",
"name": "[variables('bastionPublicIPAddressName')]",
"location": "[parameters('location')]",
"sku": {
"name": "[variables('lbSkuName')]"
},
"properties": {
"publicIPAddressVersion": "IPv4",
"publicIPAllocationMethod": "Static"
}
},
{
"copy": {
"name": "networkInterface",
"count": "[length(range(0, variables('numberOfInstances')))]"
},
"type": "Microsoft.Network/networkInterfaces",
"apiVersion": "2023-09-01",
"name": "[format('{0}{1}', variables('networkInterfaceName'), range(0, variables('numberOfInstances'))[copyIndex()])]",
"location": "[parameters('location')]",
"properties": {
"ipConfigurations": [
{
"name": "ipconfig1",
"properties": {
"privateIPAllocationMethod": "Dynamic",
"subnet": {
"id": "[resourceId('Microsoft.Network/virtualNetworks/subnets', variables('vNetName'), variables('vNetSubnetName'))]"
},
"loadBalancerBackendAddressPools": [
{
"id": "[resourceId('Microsoft.Network/loadBalancers/backendAddressPools', variables('loadBalancerName'), 'BackendPool1')]"
}
]
}
}
]
},
"dependsOn": [
"[resourceId('Microsoft.Network/loadBalancers', variables('loadBalancerName'))]",
"[resourceId('Microsoft.Network/virtualNetworks', variables('vNetName'))]",
"[resourceId('Microsoft.Network/virtualNetworks/subnets', variables('vNetName'), variables('vNetSubnetName'))]"
]
},
{
"type": "Microsoft.Network/loadBalancers",
"apiVersion": "2023-09-01",
"name": "[variables('loadBalancerName')]",
"location": "[parameters('location')]",
"sku": {
"name": "Standard"
},
"properties": {
"frontendIPConfigurations": [
{
"properties": {
"subnet": {
"id": "[resourceId('Microsoft.Network/virtualNetworks/subnets', variables('vNetName'), variables('vNetSubnetName'))]"
},
"privateIPAddress": "[parameters('lbPublicIPAddress')]",
"privateIPAllocationMethod": "Static"
},
"name": "LoadBalancerFrontend"
}
],
"backendAddressPools": [
{
"name": "BackendPool1"
}
],
"loadBalancingRules": [
{
"properties": {
"frontendIPConfiguration": {
"id": "[resourceId('Microsoft.Network/loadBalancers/frontendIpConfigurations', variables('loadBalancerName'), 'LoadBalancerFrontend')]"
},
"backendAddressPool": {
"id": "[resourceId('Microsoft.Network/loadBalancers/backendAddressPools', variables('loadBalancerName'), 'BackendPool1')]"
},
"probe": {
"id": "[resourceId('Microsoft.Network/loadBalancers/probes', variables('loadBalancerName'), 'lbprobe')]"
},
"protocol": "Tcp",
"frontendPort": 80,
"backendPort": 80,
"idleTimeoutInMinutes": 15
},
"name": "lbrule"
}
],
"probes": [
{
"properties": {
"protocol": "Tcp",
"port": 80,
"intervalInSeconds": 15,
"numberOfProbes": 2
},
"name": "lbprobe"
}
]
},
"dependsOn": [
"[resourceId('Microsoft.Network/virtualNetworks/subnets', variables('vNetName'), variables('vNetSubnetName'))]"
]
},
{
"type": "Microsoft.Storage/storageAccounts",
"apiVersion": "2023-01-01",
"name": "[variables('storageAccountName')]",
"location": "[parameters('location')]",
"sku": {
"name": "[variables('storageAccountType')]"
},
"kind": "StorageV2"
},
{
"copy": {
"name": "vm",
"count": "[length(range(0, variables('numberOfInstances')))]"
},
"type": "Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines",
"apiVersion": "2023-09-01",
"name": "[format('{0}{1}', parameters('vmNamePrefix'), range(0, variables('numberOfInstances'))[copyIndex()])]",
"location": "[parameters('location')]",
"properties": {
"hardwareProfile": {
"vmSize": "[parameters('vmSize')]"
},
"osProfile": {
"computerName": "[format('{0}{1}', parameters('vmNamePrefix'), range(0, variables('numberOfInstances'))[copyIndex()])]",
"adminUsername": "[parameters('adminUsername')]",
"adminPassword": "[parameters('adminPassword')]"
},
"storageProfile": {
"imageReference": {
"publisher": "MicrosoftWindowsServer",
"offer": "WindowsServer",
"sku": "2019-Datacenter",
"version": "latest"
},
"osDisk": {
"createOption": "FromImage"
}
},
"networkProfile": {
"networkInterfaces": [
{
"id": "[resourceId('Microsoft.Network/networkInterfaces', format('{0}{1}', variables('networkInterfaceName'), range(0, variables('numberOfInstances'))[range(0, variables('numberOfInstances'))[copyIndex()]]))]"
}
]
},
"diagnosticsProfile": {
"bootDiagnostics": {
"enabled": true,
"storageUri": "[reference(resourceId('Microsoft.Storage/storageAccounts', variables('storageAccountName')), '2023-01-01').primaryEndpoints.blob]"
}
}
},
"dependsOn": [
"[resourceId('Microsoft.Network/networkInterfaces', format('{0}{1}', variables('networkInterfaceName'), range(0, variables('numberOfInstances'))[range(0, variables('numberOfInstances'))[copyIndex()]]))]",
"[resourceId('Microsoft.Storage/storageAccounts', variables('storageAccountName'))]"
]
}
],
"outputs": {
"location": {
"type": "string",
"value": "[parameters('location')]"
},
"name": {
"type": "string",
"value": "[variables('loadBalancerName')]"
},
"resourceGroupName": {
"type": "string",
"value": "[resourceGroup().name]"
},
"resourceId": {
"type": "string",
"value": "[resourceId('Microsoft.Network/loadBalancers', variables('loadBalancerName'))]"
}
}
}
Flera Azure-resurser har definierats i mallen:
- Microsoft.Network/virtualNetworks: Virtuellt nätverk för lastbalanserare och virtuella datorer.
- Microsoft.Network/networkInterfaces: Nätverksgränssnitt för virtuella datorer.
- Microsoft.Network/loadBalancers: Intern lastbalanserare.
- Microsoft.Network/natGateways
- Microsoft.Network/publicIPAddresses: Offentliga IP-adresser för NAT Gateway och Azure Bastion.
- Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines: Virtuella datorer i serverdelspoolen.
- Microsoft.Network/bastionHosts: Azure Bastion-instans.
- Microsoft.Network/virtualNetworks/subnets: Undernät för det virtuella nätverket.
- Microsoft.Storage/storageAccounts: Lagringskonto för de virtuella datorerna.
Mer information om hur du hittar fler mallar som är relaterade till Azure Load Balancer finns i Azure Snabbstartsmallar.
Distribuera mallen
I det här steget distribuerar du mallen med hjälp av Azure PowerShell med [New-AzResourceGroupDeployment](/powershell/module/az.resources/new-azresourcegroupdeployment) kommandot .
Välj Prova från följande kodblock för att öppna Azure Cloud Shell och följ sedan anvisningarna för att logga in på Azure.
Distribuera Bicep-filen med antingen Azure CLI eller Azure PowerShell.
echo "Enter a project name with 12 or less letters or numbers that is used to generate Azure resource names" read projectName echo "Enter the location (i.e. centralus)" read location resourceGroupName="${projectName}rg" templateUri="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Azure/azure-quickstart-templates/master/quickstarts/microsoft.network/internal-loadbalancer-create/azuredeploy.json" az group create --name $resourceGroupName --location $location az deployment group create --resource-group $resourceGroupName --template-uri $templateUri --name $projectName --parameters location=$location read -p "Press [ENTER] to continue."Du uppmanas att ange följande värden:
- projectName: används för att generera resursnamn.
- adminUsername: användarnamn för virtuell datoradministratör.
- adminPassword: administratörslösenord för virtuell dator.
Det tar cirka 10 minuter att distribuera mallen.
Azure PowerShell eller Azure CLI används för att distribuera mallen. Du kan också använda Azure-portalen och REST-API:et. Mer information om andra distributionsmetoder finns i Distribuera mallar.
Granska distribuerade resurser
Använd Azure CLI eller Azure PowerShell för att lista de distribuerade resurserna i resursgruppen med följande kommandon:
az resource list --resource-group $resourceGroupName
Rensa resurser
När den inte längre behövs använder du Azure CLI eller Azure PowerShell för att ta bort resursgruppen och dess resurser med följande kommandon:
Remove-AzResourceGroup -Name "${projectName}rg"
Nästa steg
En stegvis självstudiekurs som vägleder dig genom processen att skapa en mall finns i: