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Replication Merge Agent

The Replication Merge Agent is an executable that applies the initial snapshot held in the database tables to the Subscribers. It also merges incremental data changes that occurred at the Publisher after the initial snapshot was created, and reconciles conflicts either according to the rules you configure or using a custom resolver you create.

Note

Parameters can be specified in any order. When optional parameters are not specified, values from predefined registry settings on the local computer are used.

Syntax

replmerg [-?] 
-Publisherserver_name[\instance_name]
-PublisherDBpublisher_database-Publicationpublication-Subscriberserver_name[\instance_name]
-SubscriberDBsubscriber_database
[-AltSnapshotFolderalt_snapshot_folder_path]
[-Continuous]
[-DefinitionFiledef_path_and_file_name]
[-DestThreadsnumber_of_destination_threads]
[-Distributorserver_name[\instance_name]]
[-DistributorLogindistributor_login]
[-DistributorPassworddistributor_password]
[-DistributorSecurityMode [0|1]]
[-DownloadGenerationsPerBatchdownload_generations_per_batch]
[-DownloadReadChangesPerBatchdownload_read_changes_per_batch]
[-DownloadWriteChangesPerBatchdownload_write_changes_per_batch]
[-DynamicSnapshotLocationdynamic_snapshot_location]
[-EncryptionLevel [0|1|2]]
[-ExchangeType [1|2|3]]
[-FastRowCount [0|1]]
[-FileTransferType [0|1]]
[-ForceConvergenceLevel [0|1|2 (Publisher|Subscriber|Both)]]
[-FtpAddressftp_address]
[-FtpPasswordftp_password]
[-FtpPortftp_port]
[-FtpUserNameftp_user_name]
[-HistoryVerboseLevel [0|1|2|3]]
[-Hostnamehost_name]
[-InteractiveResolution [0|1]]
[-InternetLogininternet_login]
[-InternetPasswordinternet_password]
[-InternetProxyLogininternet_proxy_login]
[–InternetProxyPasswordinternet_proxy_password]
[-InternetProxyServerinternet_proxy_server]
[-InternetSecurityMode [0|1]]
[-InternetTimeoutinternet_timeout]
[-InternetURL internet_url]
[-KeepAliveMessageIntervalkeep_alive_message_interval_seconds]
[-LoginTimeOutlogin_time_out_seconds]
[-MakeGenerationIntervalmake_generation_interval_seconds]
[-MaxBcpThreadsnumber_of_threads]
[-MaxDownloadChangesnumber_of_download_changes]
[-MaxUploadChangesnumber_of_upload_changes]
[-MetadataRetentionCleanup [0|1]]
[-Output]
[-OutputVerboseLevel [0|1|2]]
[-ParallelUploadDownload [0|1]]
[-PollingIntervalpolling_interval]
[-ProfileNameprofile_name]
[-PublisherFailoverPartnerserver_name[\instance_name] ]
[-PublisherLoginpublisher_login]
[-PublisherPassword publisher_password]
[-PublisherSecurityMode [0|1]]
[-QueryTimeOutquery_time_out_seconds]
[-SrcThreadsnumber_of_source_threads]
[-StartQueueTimeoutstart_queue_timeout_seconds]
[-SubscriberConflictClean [0|1]]
[-SubscriberDatabasePathsubscriber_path]
[-SubscriberDBAddOption [0|1|2|3]]
[-SubscriberLoginsubscriber_login]
[-SubscriberPasswordsubscriber_password 
[-SubscriberSecurityMode [0|1]]
[-SubscriberType [0|1|2|3|4|5|6|7|8|9]]
[-SubscriptionType [0|1|2]]
[-SyncToAlternate [0|1]
[-UploadGenerationsPerBatchupload_generations_per_batch]
[-UploadReadChangesPerBatchupload_read_changes_per_batch]
[-UploadWriteChangesPerBatchupload_write_changes_per_batch]
[-UseInprocLoader]
[-Validate [0|1|2|3]]
[-ValidateIntervalvalidate_interval]

Arguments

  • -?
    Prints all available parameters.

  • -Publisherserver_name[**\instance_name]
    Is the name of the Publisher. Specify server_name for the default instance of Microsoft SQL Server on that server. Specify server_name    \**instance_name for a named instance of SQL Server on that server.

  • -PublisherDBpublisher_database
    Is the name of the Publisher database.

  • -Publicationpublication
    Is the name of the publication. This parameter is only valid if the publication is set to always have a snapshot available for new or reinitialized subscriptions.

  • -Subscriberserver_name[**\instance_name]
    Is the name of the Subscriber. Specify server_name for the default instance of SQL Server on that server. Specify server_name    \**instance_name for a named instance of SQL Server on that server.

  • -SubscriberDBsubscriber_database
    Is the name of the Subscriber database.

  • -AltSnapshotFolderalt_snapshot_folder_path
    Is the path to the folder that contains the initial snapshot for a subscription.

  • -Continuous
    Specifies whether the agent attempts to poll replicated transactions continually. If specified, the agent polls replicated transactions from the source at polling intervals, even if there are no transactions pending.

  • -DestThreadsnumber_of_destination_threads
    Specifies the number of destination threads that the Merge Agent uses to apply changes at the destination. The destination is the Publisher during upload and the Subscriber during download. The default is 4.

  • -DefinitionFiledef_path_and_file_name
    Is the path of the agent definition file. An agent definition file contains command prompt arguments for the agent. The content of the file is parsed as an executable file. Use double quotation marks (") to specify argument values containing arbitrary characters.

  • -Distributorserver_name[**\instance_name]
    Is the Distributor name. Specify server_name for the default instance of SQL Server on that server. Specify server_name    \**instance_name for a named instance of SQL Server on that server. For Distributor (push) distribution, the name defaults to the name of the default instance of SQL Server on the local computer.

  • -DistributorLogindistributor_login
    Is the Distributor login name.

  • -DistributorPassworddistributor_password
    Is the Distributor password.

  • -DistributorSecurityMode [ 0| 1]
    Specifies the security mode of the Distributor. A value of 0 indicates SQL Server Authentication Mode (default), and a value of 1 indicates Windows Authentication Mode.

  • -DownloadGenerationsPerBatchdownload_generations_per_batch
    Is the number of generations to be processed in a single batch while downloading changes from the Publisher to the Subscriber. A generation is defined as a logical group of changes per article. The default for a reliable communication link is 100. The default for an unreliable communication link is 10.

  • -DownloadReadChangesPerBatchdownload_read_changes_per_batch
    Is the number of changes to be read in a single batch while downloading changes from the Publisher to the Subscriber. The default is 100.

  • -DownloadWriteChangesPerBatchdownload_write_changes_per_batch
    Is the number of changes to be applied in a single batch while downloading changes from the Publisher to the Subscriber. The default is 100.

  • -DynamicSnapshotLocationdynamic_snapshot_location
    Is the location of the filtered data snapshot files when the publication uses parameterized row filters.

  • -EncryptionLevel [ 0 | 1 | 2 ]
    Is the level of Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) encryption used by the Merge Agent when making connections.

    EncryptionLevel value

    Description

    0

    Specifies that SSL is not used.

    1

    Specifies that SSL is used, but the agent does not verify that the SSL server certificate is signed by a trusted issuer.

    2

    Specifies that SSL is used, and that the certificate is verified.

    For more information, see Security Overview (Replication).

  • -ExchangeType [ 1| 2| 3]
    Specifies the type of data exchange during synchronization, which can be one of the following:

    ExchangeType value

    Description

    1

    Agent should upload data changes from the Subscriber to the Publisher.

    2

    Agent should download data changes from the Publisher to the Subscriber.

    3 (default)

    Agent should first upload data changes from the Subscriber to the Publisher and then download data changes from the Publisher to the Subscriber. You must use this option with Web synchronization.

    Download-only articles enable you to control the synchronization behavior of individual articles in a publication, and they can provide a performance benefit. For more information, see Optimizing Merge Replication Performance with Download-Only Articles.

  • -FastRowCount [0|1]
    Specifies what type of rowcount calculation method should be used for rowcount validation. A value of 1 (default) indicates the fast method. A value of 0 indicates the full rowcount method.

  • -FileTransferType [0|1]
    Specifies the file transfer type. A value of 0 indicates UNC (universal naming convention), and a value of 1 indicates FTP (file transfer protocol).

  • -ForceConvergenceLevel [0|1|2 ( Publisher| Subscriber| Both)]
    Specifies the level of convergence the Merge Agent should use, and can be one of the following:

    ForceConvergenceLevel value

    Description

    0 (default)

    Default. Perform a standard merge without additional convergence.

    1

    Force convergence for all generations.

    2

    Force convergence for all generations and correct corrupt lineages. When specifying this value, specify where lineages should be corrected: the Publisher, the Subscriber, or both the Publisher and the Subscriber.

  • -FtpAddressftp_address
    Is the network address of the FTP service for the Distributor. When not specified, Distributor is used.

  • -FtpPasswordftp_password
    Is the user password used to connect to the FTP service.

  • -FtpPortftp_port
    Is the port number of the FTP service for the Distributor. When not specified, the default port number for FTP service (21) is used.

  • -FtpUserNameftp_user_name
    Is the user name used to connect to the FTP service. When not specified, anonymous is used.

  • -HistoryVerboseLevel [1|2|3]
    Specifies the amount of history logged during a merge operation. You can minimize the effect of history logging on performance by selecting 1.

    HistoryVerboseLevel value

    Description

    0

    Log the final agent status message, final session details, and any errors.

    1

    Log incremental session details at each session status, including percent complete, in addition to the final agent status message, final session details, and any errors.

    2

    Default. Log both incremental session details at each session status and article level session details, including percent complete, in addition to the final agent status message, final session details, and any errors. Agent status messages are also logged.

    3

    The same as -HistoryVerboseLevel = 2, except that more agent progress messages are logged.

  • -Hostnamehost_name
    Is the network name of the local computer. The default is the local computer name.

  • -InteractiveResolution [0|1]
    Specifies whether interactive conflict resolution is used when a conflict occurs during synchronization. The default is 0, indicating that interactive conflict resolution is not used.

  • -InternetLogininternet_login
    Specifies the login name used when connecting to a SQL Server replication listener ISAPI DLL that requires authentication.

  • -InternetPasswordinternet_password
    Specifies the password used when connecting to a SQL Server replication listener ISAPI DLL that requires authentication.

  • -InternetProxyLogin internet_proxy_login
    Specifies the login name used when connecting to a proxy server, defined in internet_proxy_server, that requires authentication.

  • –InternetProxyPassword internet_proxy_password
    Specifies the password used when connecting to a proxy server, defined in internet_proxy_server, that requires authentication.

  • -InternetProxyServer internet_proxy_server
    Specifies the proxy server to use when accessing the HTTP resource specified in internet_url.

  • -InternetSecurityMode [0|1]
    Specifies the IIS security mode used when connecting to the Web server during Web synchronization. A value of 0 indicates Basic Authentication, and a value of 1 indicates Windows Integrated Authentication (default).

  • -InternetTimeoutinternet_timeout
    Is the number of seconds before a connection to the to the SQL Server replication listener ISAPI DLL times out.

  • -InternetURLinternet_url
    Specifies the URL used to connect to the SQL Server replication listener ISAPI DLL. This property must be specified.

  • -KeepAliveMessageIntervalkeep_alive_message_interval_seconds
    Is the number of seconds before the history thread checks if any of the existing connections is waiting for a response from the server. This value can be decreased to avoid having the checkup agent mark the Merge Agent as suspect when executing a long-running batch. The default is 300 seconds.

  • -LoginTimeOutlogin_time_out_seconds
    Is the number of seconds before the login times out. The default is 15 seconds.

  • -MakeGenerationIntervalmake_generation_interval_seconds
    Is the number of seconds to wait between creating generations, or batches of changes, to download to the client. The default is 1 second.

    Makegeneration is the process that prepares Publisher changes to be downloaded to Subscribers, and it can be a performance bottleneck during downloads. If the makegeneration process already ran within the interval specified by -MakeGenerationInterval, the process is skipped for the current synchronization session. This can benefit synchronization concurrency and is especially helpful if Subscribers do not expect to download changes.

  • -MaxBcpThreadsnumber_of_threads
    Specifies the number of bulk copy operations that can be performed in parallel. The maximum number of threads and ODBC connections that exist simultaneously is the lesser of MaxBcpThreads or the number of bulk copy requests that appear in the system table sysmergeschemachange in the publication database. MaxBcpThreads must have a value greater than 0 and has no hard-coded upper limit. The default is 1.

  • -MaxDownloadChangesnumber_of_download_changes
    Specifies the maximum number of changed rows that should be downloaded from the Publisher to the Subscriber. The number of rows downloaded may be higher than the specified maximum because: complete generations are processed; and parallel destination threads may run, each of which processes at least 100 changes in its first pass. By default all changes that are ready to be downloaded are sent.

  • -MaxUploadChangesnumber_of_upload_changes
    Specifies the maximum number of changed rows that should be uploaded from the Subscriber to the Publisher. The number of rows uploaded may be higher than the specified maximum because: complete generations are processed; and parallel destination threads may run, each of which processes at least 100 changes in its first pass. By default all changes that are ready to be uploaded are sent.

  • -MetadataRetentionCleanup [0|1]
    Specifies if metadata is removed from MSmerge_genhistory, MSmerge_contents, MSmerge_tombstone, MSmerge_past_partition_mappings, and MSmerge_current_partition_mappings based on the publication retention period. The default is 1, indicating that cleanup should occur. A value of 0 indicates that cleanup should not occur automatically. For more information on metadata cleanup, see How Merge Replication Works.

  • -Outputoutput_path_and_file_name
    Is the path of the agent output file. If the file name is not provided, the output is sent to the console. If the specified file name exists, the output is appended to the file.

  • -OutputVerboseLevel [0|1|2]
    Specifies whether the output should be verbose. If the verbose level is 0, only error messages are printed. If the verbose level is 1, all of the progress report messages are printed. If the verbose level is 2 (default), all error messages and progress report messages are printed, which is useful for debugging.

  • -ParallelUploadDownload [0|1]
    Specifies whether the Merge Agent should process in parallel the changes uploaded to the Publisher and those downloaded to the Subscriber, which is useful in high volume environments with high network bandwidth. If ParallelUploadDownload is 1, then parallel processing is enabled.

  • -PollingIntervalpolling_interval
    Is how often, in seconds, the Publisher or Subscriber is queried for data changes. The default is 60 seconds.

  • -ProfileNameprofile_name
    Specifies an agent profile to use for agent parameters. If ProfileName is NULL, the agent profile is disabled. If ProfileName is not specified, the default profile for the agent type is used. For information, see Replication Agent Profiles.

  • -PublisherFailoverPartnerserver_name[**\**instance_name]
    Specifies the failover partner instance of SQL Server participating in a database mirroring session with the publication database. For more information, see Replication and Database Mirroring.

  • -PublisherLoginpublisher_login
    Is the Publisher login name. If PublisherSecurityMode is 0 (for SQL Server Authentication), this parameter must be specified.

  • -PublisherPasswordpublisher_password
    Is the Publisher password. If PublisherSecurityMode is 0 (for SQL Server Authentication), this parameter must be specified.

  • -PublisherSecurityMode [0|1]
    Specifies the security mode of the Publisher. A value of 0 indicates SQL Server Authentication (default), and a value of 1 indicates Windows Authentication Mode.

  • -QueryTimeOutquery_time_out_seconds
    Is the number of seconds before the query times out. The default is 300 seconds. The Merge Agent also uses the value of QueryTimeout to determine how long to wait for generation of a partitioned snapshot when this value is greater than 1800.

  • -SrcThreadsnumber_of_source_threads
    Specifies the number of source threads that the Merge Agent uses to enumerate changes from the source. The source is the Subscriber during upload and the Publisher during download. The default is 3.

  • -StartQueueTimeoutstart_queue_timeout_seconds
    Is the maximum number of seconds that the Merge Agent waits when the number of concurrent merge processes running is at the limit set by the @max_concurrent_merge property of sp_addmergepublication. If the maximum number of seconds is reached and the Merge Agent is still waiting, it will exit. A value of 0 means that the agent waits indefinitely, although it can be cancelled.

  • -SubscriberDatabasePathsubscriber_database_path
    Is the path to the Jet database (.mdb file) if SubscriberType is 2 (allows a connection to a Jet database without an ODBC Data Source Name (DSN)).

  • -SubscriberDBAddOption [0| 1| 2| 3]
    Specifies whether there is an existing Subscriber database.

    SubscriberDBAddOption value

    Description

    0

    Use the existing database (default).

    1

    Create a new, empty Subscriber database.

    2

    Create a new database and attach it to the specified file.

    3

    Create a new database, attach the database, and enable all subscriptions that might exist at the file.

    Note

    When you use values 2 and 3, the database path for the Subscriber must be specified in the SubscriberDatabasePath option.

  • -SubscriberLoginsubscriber_login
    Is the Subscriber login name. If SubscriberSecurityMode is 0 (for SQL Server Authentication), this parameter must be specified.

  • -SubscriberPasswordsubscriber_password
    Is the Subscriber password. If SubscriberSecurityMode is 0 (for SQL Server Authentication), this parameter must be specified.

  • -SubscriberSecurityMode [ 0| 1]
    Specifies the security mode of the Subscriber. A value of 0 indicates SQL Server Authentication (default), and a value of 1 indicates Windows Authentication Mode.

  • -SubscriberConflictClean [ 0| 1]
    Is if conflict tables are cleaned-up at the Subscriber during the synchronization process, where a value of 1 indicates that conflict tables at the Subscriber are cleaned-up. This parameter is used only for subscriptions to publications with decentralized conflict logging.

  • -SubscriberType [ 0| 1| 3| 4| 5| 6| 7| 8]
    Specifies the type of Subscriber connection used by the Merge Agent. Only the default value of 0 is supported for this parameter.

  • -SubscriptionType[ 0| 1| 2]
    Specifies the subscription type for distribution. A value of 0 indicates a push subscription (default), a value of 1 indicates a pull subscription, and a value of 2 indicates an anonymous subscription.

  • -SyncToAlternate [ 0|1]
    Specifies whether the Merge Agent is synchronizing between a Subscriber and an alternate Publisher. A value of 1 indicates that it is an alternate Publisher. The default is 0.

  • -UploadGenerationsPerBatchupload_generations_per_batch
    Is the number of generations to be processed in a single batch while uploading changes from the Subscriber to the Publisher. A generation is defined as a logical group of changes per article. The default for a reliable communication link is 100. The default for an unreliable communication link is 1.

  • -UploadReadChangesPerBatchupload_read_changes_per_batch
    Is the number of changes to be read in a single batch while uploading changes from the Subscriber to the Publisher. The default is 100.

  • -UploadWriteChangesPerBatchupload_write_changes_per_batch
    Is the number of changes to be applied in a single batch while uploading changes from the Subscriber to the Publisher. The default is 100.

  • -UseInprocLoader
    Improves the performance of the initial snapshot by causing the Merge Agent to use the BULK INSERT command when applying snapshot files to the Subscriber. This parameter is deprecated because it is not compatible with the XML data type. If you are not replicating XML data, this parameter can be used. This parameter cannot be used with character mode snapshots. If you use this parameter, the SQL Server service account at the Subscriber must have read permissions on the directory where the snapshot .bcp data files are located. When this parameter is not used, the ODBC driver loaded by the agent reads from the files, so the security context of the SQL Server service account is not used.

  • -Validate [0|1|2|3]
    Specifies whether validation should be done at the end of the merge session, and, if so, what type of validation. The value of 3 is the recommended value.

    Validate value

    Description

    0 (default)

    No validation.

    1

    Rowcount-only validation.

    2

    Rowcount and checksum validation.

    3

    Rowcount and binary checksum validation.

    Note

    Validation by using binary checksum or checksum can incorrectly report a failure if data types are different at the Subscriber than they are at the Publisher. For more information, see the section "Considerations for Data Validation" in Validating Replicated Data.

  • -ValidateIntervalvalidate_interval
    Is how often, in minutes, the subscription is validated in continuous mode. The default is 60 minutes.

Remarks

Important

   If you have installed SQL Server Agent to run under a local system account rather than under a domain user account (the default), the service can access only the local computer. If the Merge Agent that runs under SQL Server Agent is configured to use Windows Authentication Mode when it logs in to SQL Server, the Merge Agent fails. The default setting is SQL Server Authentication.

To start the Merge Agent, execute replmerg.exe from the command prompt. For information, see Replication Agent Executables.