Customizing Operations By Using Stored Procedures (LINQ to SQL)

Stored procedures represent a common approach to overriding default behavior. The examples in this topic show how you can use generated method wrappers for stored procedures, and how you can call stored procedures directly.

If you are using Visual Studio, you can use the Object Relational Designer to assign stored procedures to perform inserts, updates, and deletes. How to: Assign Stored Procedures to Perform Updates, Inserts, and Deletes (O/R Designer)
How to: Assign Stored Procedures to Perform Updates, Inserts, and Deletes (O/R Designer)

Note

To read back database-generated values, use output parameters in your stored procedures. If you cannot use output parameters, write a partial method implementation instead of relying on overrides generated by the Object Relational Designer. Members mapped to database-generated values must be set to appropriate values after INSERT or UPDATE operations have successfully completed. For more information, see Responsibilities of the Developer In Overriding Default Behavior (LINQ to SQL).

Example

Description

In the following example, assume that the Northwind class contains two methods to call stored procedures that are being used for overrides in a derived class.

Code

<[Function]()> _
Public Function CustomerOrders( _
    <Parameter(Name:="CustomerID", DbType:="NChar(5)")> ByVal _
    customerID As String) As IEnumerable(Of Order)

    Dim result As IExecuteResult = Me.ExecuteMethodCall(Me, _
        (CType(MethodInfo.GetCurrentMethod(), MethodInfo)), _
        customerID)
    Return CType(result.ReturnValue, IEnumerable(Of Order))
End Function

<[Function]()> _
Public Function CustomerById( _
    <Parameter(Name:="CustomerID", DbType:="NChar(5)")> ByVal _
        customerID As String) As IEnumerable(Of Customer)

    Dim result As IExecuteResult = Me.ExecuteMethodCall(Me, _
        CType(MethodInfo.GetCurrentMethod(), MethodInfo), _
        customerID)

    Return CType(result.ReturnValue, IEnumerable(Of Customer))
End Function

[Function()]
public IEnumerable<Order> CustomerOrders(
    [Parameter(Name = "CustomerID", DbType = "NChar(5)")]
    string customerID)
{
    IExecuteResult result = this.ExecuteMethodCall(this,
        ((MethodInfo)(MethodInfo.GetCurrentMethod())),
        customerID);
    return ((IEnumerable<Order>)(result.ReturnValue));
}

[Function()]
public IEnumerable<Customer> CustomerById(
    [Parameter(Name = "CustomerID", DbType = "NChar(5)")]
    string customerID)
{
    IExecuteResult result = this.ExecuteMethodCall(this,
        ((MethodInfo)(MethodInfo.GetCurrentMethod())),
        customerID);
    return (IEnumerable<Customer>)(result.ReturnValue);
}

Example

Description

The following class uses these methods for the override.

Code

Public Class NorthwindThroughSprocs : Inherits Northwnd
    Sub New()
        MyBase.New("")
    End Sub 
    ' Override loading of Customer.Orders by using method wrapper. 
    Private Function LoadOrders(ByVal customer As Customer) As  _
        IEnumerable(Of Order)
        Return Me.CustomerOrders(customer.CustomerID)
    End Function 

    ' Override loading of Order.Customer by using method wrapper. 
    Private Function LoadCustomer(ByVal order As Order) As Customer
        Return Me.CustomerById(order.CustomerID).Single()
    End Function 

    ' Override INSERT operation on Customer by calling the 
    ' stored procedure directly. 
    Private Sub InsertCustomer(ByVal customer As Customer)
        ' Call the INSERT stored procedure directly. 
        Me.ExecuteCommand("exec sp_insert_customer …")
    End Sub 

    ' The UPDATE override works similarly, that is, by 
    ' calling the stored procedure directly. 
    Private Sub UpdateCustomer(ByVal original As Customer, ByVal _
        current As Customer)
        ' Call the UPDATE stored procedure by using current 
        ' and original values. 
        Me.ExecuteCommand("exec sp_update_customer …")
    End Sub 

    ' The DELETE override works similarly. 
    Private Sub DeleteCustomer(ByVal customer As Customer)
        ' Call the DELETE stored procedure directly. 
        Me.ExecuteCommand("exec sp_delete_customer …")
    End Sub 
End Class

public class NorthwindThroughSprocs : Northwnd
{

    public NorthwindThroughSprocs(string connection) :
        base(connection)
    {
    }

    // Override loading of Customer.Orders by using method wrapper. 
    private IEnumerable<Order> LoadOrders(Customer customer)
    {
        return this.CustomerOrders(customer.CustomerID);
    }
    // Override loading of Order.Customer by using method wrapper. 
    private Customer LoadCustomer(Order order)
    {
        return this.CustomerById(order.CustomerID).Single();
    }
    // Override INSERT operation on Customer by calling the 
    // stored procedure directly. 
    private void InsertCustomer(Customer customer)
    {
        // Call the INSERT stored procedure directly. 
        this.ExecuteCommand("exec sp_insert_customer …");
    }
    // The UPDATE override works similarly, that is, by 
    // calling the stored procedure directly. 
    private void UpdateCustomer(Customer original, Customer current)
    {
        // Call the UPDATE stored procedure by using current 
        // and original values. 
        this.ExecuteCommand("exec sp_update_customer …");
    }
    // The DELETE override works similarly. 
    private void DeleteCustomer(Customer customer)
    {
        // Call the DELETE stored procedure directly. 
        this.ExecuteCommand("exec sp_delete_customer …");
    }
}

Example

Description

You can use NorthwindThroughSprocs exactly as you would use Northwnd.

Code

Dim db As New NorthwindThroughSprocs()
Dim custQuery = From cust In db.Customers _
                Where cust.City = "London" _
                Select cust

For Each custObj In custQuery
    ' Deferred loading of cust.Orders uses the override LoadOrders. 
    For Each ord In custObj.Orders
        ' ... 
        ' Make some changes to customers/orders. 
        ' Overrides for Customer are called during the execution  
        ' of the following:
        db.SubmitChanges()
    Next 
Next

NorthwindThroughSprocs db = new NorthwindThroughSprocs("");
var custQuery =
    from cust in db.Customers
    where cust.City == "London" 
    select cust;

foreach (Customer custObj in custQuery)
    // deferred loading of cust.Orders uses the override LoadOrders. 
    foreach (Order ord in custObj.Orders)
        // ... 
        // Make some changes to customers/orders. 
        // Overrides for Customer are called during the execution of the 
        // following:
        db.SubmitChanges();

See Also

Concepts

Responsibilities of the Developer In Overriding Default Behavior (LINQ to SQL)